30/04/24

WALT:
Standard Index Form
Understand and use standard form in calculations

Grade 5
WILF:
Is the answer to: Is the answer to: Is the answer to:

2.3 x 100 Write these in standard Write these in standard

form: form:
4.82 x 1000 620 000
0.00062 450 x 102
1.8 ÷ 1000
Write these as ordinary 0.03 x 104
numbers:
6.2 x 106 71 x 10-3
6.2 x 10-2
Grade 2 Grade 4 0.15 x 10-2 Grade 5
Keywords

Index Negative Powers Positive

Standard Form
Starter:
Work out the following without the use of a calculator
1 102 2 103 3 104 4 105
100 1,000 10,000 100,000

5 100 6 101 7 107 8 1010

1 10 10,000,000 10,000,000,000

9 10-1 10 10-2 11 10-3 12 10-4

0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001

In 1920 Edward Kasner's nine-year-old nephew, Milton Sirotta, coined the term
googol, which is 10100, then proposed the further term googolplex to be "one,
Googolplex

followed by writing zeroes until you get tired". Kasner decided to adopt a more
formal definition "because different people get tired at different times and it
would never do to have Carnera be a better mathematician than Dr. Einstein, simply
because he had more endurance and could write for longer". It thus became
100
standardized to 1010
How many Zeros does a googolplex have?
10100 zeros. A typical book can be printed with 10 6 zeros (around 400 pages with 50 lines
per page and 50 zeros per line). Therefore, it requires 10 94 such books to print all the
zeros of a googolplex (that is, printing a googol of zeros). If such a book would weigh 100
grams, all of them would weigh 1093 kilograms. In comparison, Earth's mass is 5.972 x
1024 kilograms.
30/04/24
Standard Index Form
Definition:
You can use standard form to represent very large or very small
numbers. Standard form makes use of the laws of indices but
numbers are only expressed in one base, base 10.

A number is in standard form if it is written as:

a x 10n where 1  a < 10

Examples:

2.5 x 103 4.62 x 105 13 x 105 is not in standard form

because 13 is larger than 10

1 x 107 8.563 x 1017 0.75 x 104 is not in standard

form because 0.75 is less than 1.
1.4 x 10-8 8.89 x 10-45
30/04/24
Standard Index Form
Converting to Standard Form:
When changing large numbers into standard index form. The index
notation will be positive.

2. 4 9 0 0 = 2.49x104

7. 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 = 7.8x109

5. 4 3 x 105 = 5.43x107

1. 7 0 0 x 10-8 = 1.7x10-5
The distance between the Earth and
Moon is approximately 245 000 miles.
Write this distance in standard form.

2.45 x 105

The distance to the Sun is

approximately 93 million
miles. Write this distance
in standard form.

93 000 000

9.3 x 107
 The mass of the Earth is approximately
6 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 kg.
Write this number in standard form.

6.0 x 1024

The mass of Jupiter is approximately

2 390 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 kg. Write
this number in standard form.

2.39 x 1027

How many times more massive is Jupiter than Earth?

2.39 x 1027 / 6.0 x 1024 = 398

 Exercise 1:
Write these numbers in Standard Form:
a 400 b 6,000 c 200,000 d 800,000,000
4 x 102 6 x 103 2 x 105 8 x 108

e 340 f 5,760 g 910,000 h 15,000,000

3.4 x 102 5.76 x 103 9.1 x 105 1.5 x 107

i 2.1 Million j 7.5 Billion k 621.9 l 5642.9

2.1 x 106 7.5 x 109 6.219 x 102 5.6429 x 103

m 18 x 103 n 372 x 106 o 1225 x 1015 p 0.8x109

2.1 x 106 7.5 x 109 6.219 x 102 5.6429 x 103

The population of Liverpool is 465,700

4.657 x 105
Problem Solving

The population of Russia is 143.5 million

1.435 x 108

The speed of light is 0.186 million miles per

second 1.86 x 105

The sun is 149.6 million miles away.

1.496 x 108
30/04/24
Standard Index Form
Converting to Standard Form:
When changing small numbers into standard index form. The index
notation will be negative.

0 . 0 4.9 = 4.9x10-2

0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8. 2 1 = 8.21x10-9

0 . 0 0 3 . 3 x 107 = 3.3x104

0 . 0 7 . 1 x 10-11 = 3.3x10-13
 The mass of a uranium atom is approximately
0. 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 395 g.
Write this number in standard form.

3.95 x 10-22

The mass of a hydrogen atom is approximately

0. 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 001 67 g.
Write this number in standard form.

1.67 x 10-24

How many times heavier is uranium than

hydrogen?

3.95 x 10-22 / 1.67 x 10-24 = 237

 Exercise 2:
Write these numbers in Standard Form:
a 0.4 b 0.0006 c 0.0000002 d 0.00008
4 x 10-1 6 x 10-4 2 x 10-7 8 x 10-5

e 0.065 f 0.99 g 0.000025 h 0.0000071

6.5 x 10-2 9.9 x 10-1 2.5x 10-6 7.1 x 10-6

i 0.000000055 j 0.00000631 k 0.000504 l 0.000006495

5.5 x 10-8 6.31 x 10-6 5.04 x 10-3 6.495 x 10-6

m 30 x 10-3 n 300 x 10-6 o 0.13 x 10-4 p 0.06x10-7

3 x 10-2 3 x 10-4 1.3 x 10-5 0.6x 10-9

The diameter of a human blood cell is

Problem Solving

0.00000068m. 6.8 x 10-7m

A mass of a carbon 12 atom is

0.00000000000000000000000166 kg 1.66 x 10-24kg

Write this in grams

1.66x 10-21g
30/04/24
Standard Index Form
Converting to ‘Ordinary’ Numbers:
2.9x103

2.9 0 0 . 2900

9.1x10-5

0. 0 0 0 0 9 . 1 0.000091
 Exercise 3:
Write these as ordinary numbers:
a 4 x 103 b 7 x 109 c 2 x 10-2 d 8 x 10-4
4000 7,000,000,000 0.02 0.0008

e 4.3 x 107 f 5.9 x 106 g 1.4 x 10-3 h 8.2 x 10-7

43 000 000 5 900 000 0.0014 0.00000082

i 4.44 x 104 j 3.99 x 108 k 5.31 x 10-6 l 9.01 x 10-5

44 400 399 000 000 0.0000531 0.0000901

The mass of Jupiter is 1.88 x 1027kg 1,880,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000kg

Problem Solving

The mass of an ant is 3 x 10 -3kg 0.003kg

The mass of the moon is 7.35 x 10 22kg 735,000,000,000,000,000,000

A pixel in an IPhone is 1.59 x 10 -4m long 0.000159

The observable universe has a mass of 1.7 x 10 52kg

10100 zeros. A typical book can be printed with 10 6 zeros.

Therefore, it requires 1094 such books to print all the zeros of a
googolplex. If such a book would weigh 100 grams, all of them
would weigh 1093 kilograms. In comparison, Earth's mass is 5.972 x
1024 kilograms.
30/04/24
Standard Index Form
Calculations Examples:
(5.3 x 104) x (2 x 103) = (5.3 x 2) x (104 x 103)
= 10.6 x 10(4+3)
= 10.6 x 107
= 1.06 x 108

(8.4 x 107) ÷ (4 x 102) = (8.4 ÷ 4) x (107 ÷ 102)

= 2.1 x 10(7-2)
= 2.1 x 105
 •Convert Ordinary Numbers into Standard From (Tiles 1 to 21)
• Evaluate these Standard Form Calculations (Tiles 22 to 42)

1.1 10 2 0.2  10 1 1.15  10 2 1.711 101 3.1 10 2 1.6 10 3  1.5 10 2 
1
10 1ans 10 3 ans 10 1 ans 10  2 ans 10 1 ans 4 10 ans 3 10 ans 1

2
1 10 2 7.1 10 5  10 3
2 8  10
2
1.2  10 3
3.2  10 2.12  10 3
10ans1 10 1ans ans 101ans ans 10 4ans ans

5  10 2 1 103 5 10 2 2  10 3 7  10 1 8 103 3  10 3
ans ans ans ans ans ans ans

ans ans ans ans ans ans ans

ans ans ans ans ans ans ans

ans ans ans ans ans ans ans

30/04/24 Created by J. Mills-Dadson 14
30/04/24
WALT:
Standard Index Form
Understand and use standard form in calculations

Grade 5
WILF:
Is the answer to: Is the answer to: Is the answer to:

2.3 x 100 Write these in standard Write these in standard

form: form:
4.82 x 1000 620 000
0.00062 450 x 102
1.8 ÷ 1000
Write these as ordinary 0.03 x 104
numbers:
6.2 x 106 71 x 10-3
6.2 x 10-2
Grade 2 Grade 4 0.15 x 10-2 Grade 5
Keywords

Index Negative Powers Positive

Standard Form
Standard Form Homework:
Write these as ordinary numbers:
a 9 x 103 b 3 x 106 c 6 x 10-5 d 2 x 10-1
900 3,000,000 0.00006 0.2

Write these numbers in Standard Form:

e 561400 f 0.0000654 g 53 x 103 h 0.24 x 10-3
5.614 x105 6.54 x 10-5 5.3 x 104 2.4 x 10-4