Standard Form

Objectives:
B Grade Use standard index form with and without a
calculator

Prior knowledge:
Understand :
Positive index laws

Simplifying fractions and dividing with decimals

 Standard Form

Standard form is used for writing either very large numbers or

very small numbers by showing how many times that a
single digit number would be either multiplied or divided by 10
Standard form is written in the form
the power of 10
#.# × 10x

an integer between 1 and 9

an integer between 1 and 9
Example 1:
700 can be written as 7 × 100
100 is 10 × 10 or 102
So now 700 can be written as 7 × 102
 Standard Form

Example 2:
1400 can be written as 1.4 × 1000
1000 is 10 × 10 × 10 or 103
so now 1400 can be written as 1.4 × 103
To help understand this think of the place value 1
10 000
Example 3:
0.0005 can be written as 5 × 1
10 000
Using negative index laws

1 is 1 or 10-4
10 000 10 × 10 × 10 × 10

so now 0.0005 can be written as 5 × 10-4

 Standard Form
Now do these:

Write these numbers in standard form:

1. 4000 4 × 104 2. 500 5 × 102 3. 70000 7 × 104

4. 46 000 5. 46 4.6 × 101 6. 2560 2.56 × 103

4.6 × 104
7. 0.007 7 × 10-3 8. 0.0004 4 × 10-4 9. 0.0035 3.5 × 10-3

10. 0.421 11. 0.000055 12. 19 million

4.21 × 10
-1
5.5 × 10
-5 1.9 × 107
13. Avogadro’s number is 602 300 000 000 000 000 000 000. Express this
in standard form.
6.023 × 10
23

14. A certain virus is 0.000 000 000 25 cm in diameter. Express this

in standard form. -10
5.5 × 10
 Standard Form

Calculations with Standard Form

•Work out the powers of 10 separately,

•Work out the number calculation

•Ensure the answer is in standard form

Example 1:
Calculate 4 × 104 × 2 × 103
104 ×103 = 107
4 ×2 = 8
Answer: 8 × 107
 Standard Form

Example 2:
Calculate 8 × 105 × 7 × 104
105 ×104 = 109
8 ×7 = 56
56 × 109
This is not in standard form
Answer: 5.6 × 1010
 Standard Form

Example 3:
Calculate 9 × 105 ÷ 3 × 102
105 ÷102 = 103
9÷ 3 = 3
3 × 103

Or it can be seen this way: 9 × 105 9 × 105

3 × 102 3 × 102

Cancelling common factors and 9 × 105

applying the index law for division 3 × 102
= 3 × 103
 Standard Form

Example 3:
Calculate 1.8 × 106 ÷ 6 × 104
1.8 × 106 = 18 × 105
6 × 103 6 × 103

= 3 × 102
 Standard Form
Now do these:

Calculate these and leave your answer in standard form:

1. 5000 × 3000 2. 60 000 × 5 000

1.5 × 107 3.0 × 108
3. 0.000 07 × 400 4. 0.0007 × 0.000 01
2.8 × 10-2 7.0 × 10 8
-

5. 8 000 ÷ 0.004 6. 0.000 033 ÷ 500

2 6.6 × 10 8
-

7. 5.4 × 107 ÷ 2 × 103 8. 4.8 × 102 ÷ 3 × 104

2.7 × 104 1.6 × 10-2
9. 1.8 × 104 ÷ 9 × 10-2 10. 5.4 × 10-3 ÷ 2.7× 102
2 × 105 2 × 105