Green Infrastructure

and
Strategic
Environmental
Assessment (KLHS)
Definition
• US-EPA : In 2019, Congress enacted the Water Infrastructure Improvement Act,
which defines green infrastructure as "the range of measures that use plant or soil
systems, permeable pavement or other permeable surfaces or substrates, stormwater
harvest and reuse, or landscaping to store, infiltrate, or evapotranspirate stormwater
and reduce flows to sewer systems or to surface waters."

• Green infrastructure elements can be woven into a community at several scales.

Examples at the urban scale could include a rain barrel up against a house, a row of
trees along a major city street, or greening an alleyway. Neighborhood scale green
infrastructure could include acres of open park space outside a city center, planting
rain gardens or constructing a wetland near a residential housing complex.

• https://www.epa.gov/green-infrastructure/what-green-infrastructure
Definition
• Green infrastructure is an approach to water management that protects, restores, or
mimics the natural water cycle. Green infrastructure is effective, economical, and
enhances community safety and quality of life.

• It means planting trees and restoring wetlands, rather than building a costly new
water treatment plant.

https://www.americanrivers.org/threats-solutions/clean-water/green-
infrastructure/what-is-green-infrastructure/#:~:text=Green%20infrastructure
%20is%20an%20approach,costly%20new%20water%20treatment%20plant.
Strategic Environmental Assessment
• A Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is a systematic
process for evaluating the environmental implications of a proposed
policy, plan or programme and provides means for looking at
cumulative effects and appropriately address them at the earliest stage
of decision making alongside economic and social considerations.

• The SEA assesses the extent to which a given policy, plan or

programme:

• provides an adequate response to environmental and climate change–

related challenges;

• may adversely affect the environment and climate resilience, and

• offers opportunities to enhance the state of the environment and

contribute to climate-resilient and low-carbon development.
Strategic Environmental Assessment
• Ideally, an SEA should be integrated into the policy, plan or
programme preparation process from its early stages and the
Government must have a high degree of ownership. Public
participation is also essential for a successful SEA.

• Compared with the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), SEA

provides recommendations at a strategic level and allows a better
control over interactions or cumulative effects. There is no single
approach to SEA, which can take different forms according to the
specific needs.
 Strategic Environmental Assessment
The main phases of an SEA are:
• 1. SEA Screening: the decision to undertake an SEA. SEAs are necessary for
all policies, plans or programmes that, when implemented, are likely to
produce significant negative impacts on the environment.
• 2. SEA Scoping: the identification and clarification of issues to be addressed
by the SEA, concerns and value judgements of stakeholders, in order to
ensure that these are addressed in the SEA Study.
• 3. SEA study: provides the more detailed analysis of key issues and
comprises several stages, such as the definition of the environmental
baseline, the identification of environmental and climate change constraints
and opportunities, the identification and assessment of the potential
environmental impacts, an analysis of performance indicators, an appreciation
of the institutional capacities to address the environmental and climate
change challenges identified, and conclusions and recommendations.
KLHS dan Aplikasi di Indonesia
• UU No. 32 Tahun 2009: KLHS adalah serangkaian analisis yang sistematis, menyeluruh, dan
partisipatif untuk memastikan bahwa prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan telah menjadi dasar
dan terintegrasi dalam pembangunan suatu wilayah dan/atau kebijakan, rencana, dan/atau
program.

• KLHS wajib tertuang pada RTRW suatu wilayah propinsi, kota atau pun kabupaten dan juga
pada Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Panjang (RPJP), dan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka
Menengan (RPJM) nasional, provinsi dan kabupaten/kota.

• Eksekusi penyusunan KLHS pada Pemerintah merupakan implementasi regulasi pada pasal
15UU 32/2009, tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup dimana
mewajibkan pelaksanaan KLHS, yang berbunyi;

• “Pemerintah dan pemerintah daerah wajib membuat KLHS untuk memastikan bahwa prinsip
pembangunan berkelanjutan telah menjadi dasar dan terintegrasi dalam pembangunan suatu
wilayah dan/atau kebijakan, rencana, dan/atau program.”
• Dokumen KLHS memuat:

a) kapasitas daya dukung dan daya tampung lingkungan hidup untuk pembangunan;

b) perkiraan mengenai dampak dan risiko lingkungan hidup;

c) kinerja layanan/jasa ekosistem;

d) efisiensi pemanfaatan sumber daya alam;

e) tingkat kerentanan dan kapasitas adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim; dan

f) tingkat ketahanan dan potensi keanekaragaman hayati

• Perbedaan mendasar antara KLHS dan AMDAL: pada ruang lingkupnya.

• AMDAL sebagai hilir kebijakan pembangunan dengan pendekatan reaktif untuk

mengevaluasi dan identifikasi dampak lingkungan.

• Sedangkan KLHS merupakan hulu kebijakan dengan pendekatan pro aktif untuk
evaluasi konsekuensi lingkungan dan pembangunan berkelanjutan.

• Penyusunan KLHS sendiri dapat dilakukan bersama pihak Konsultan Lingkungan

yang berpengalaman dengan Tenaga Ahli yang berkompeten.
Contoh flowchart isu strategis KLHS peninjauan
Kembali RTRW Provinsi NTB
Terima Kasih