PLUMBING WORKS

Home Plumbing

 Clean water Pipe System

 Sewer Pipe System
 Storm Drainage, Rainwater Recovery System
 Plumbing Fixtures
 Bathroom
 Water Closet
 Stop Valve
 Lavatory and faucet
 Shower Assembly and Faucet
 Floor Drain
 Kitchen
Kitchen Sink with Faucet
P-Trap
Laundry Area
Laundry sink
Faucet
Stop Valve
Floor Drain
 PVC Pipes

 Polyvinyl chloride pipes (PVC) are commonly used as part of a sink,

toilet, or shower drain line. It protects the water from rust and
corrosion better than other types of pipes. PVC pipe incredibly durable.
PVC pipes will last indefinitely.

 PVC pipe is also able to handle high water pressure. This is why it can
also serve as your home’s main water supply line. Lighter-weight
material, making it easier to work with than the more traditional
galvanized steel piping options.

 PVC pipes contain a smooth inner lining as well, which protects against
sediment buildup and makes them more resistant to blockages.
 PVC Pipes
 Drawbacks include limited size options, an inability to withstand hot
water, and concerns over toxicity. Though PVC piping meets all
standards set by the American National Standards Institute, there
are concerns that it may introduce polyvinyl chloride chemicals into
drinking water, potentially causing respiratory and reproductive
issues.
 PVC pipe sizes are available in 20mm, 25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm,
63mm, 75mm, 90mm, 110mm, 140mm, 160mm,200mm, 250mm and
315mm in different pressure classes like sched 40 and sched 80.
Pipes are available in either solvent fit types or Rubber ring fit type
in 3 mtr and 6 mtr lengths.
 PPR Pipes
 PPR pipe.(Polypropylene Random Copolymer), a cylindrical and rigid
pipe made from PPR. PPR Pipes are manufactured as per ISO 15801 and are
available in PN 6, PN 10, PN 16 & PN 20. The available range of PPR pipes and
fittings vary from 16 mm to 160 mm and is available in 2 different colors -White
and Green in length starting from 3, 4, and 6 meters.
 PPR Pipes

PN Bar Psi MPa

PN 6 6 Bar 87 0.6
PN 10 10 Bar 145 1
PN 16 16 Bar 232 1.6
PN 20 20 Bar 290 2.0
PN 25 25 Bar 362 2.5
 PPR Pipes
 Low Thermal Conductivity
 External temperatures don’t get to the liquid inside the pipe. Likewise,
temperature from the liquid does not escape to the external environment. This
is why PPR pipes minimize heat loss or heat gain during the transfer of cold
and hot fluids.
 PPR pipes can withstand both cold and hot water systems
 Increased Longevity
 PPR pipes can serve you for more than 50 years under varying environmental
conditions and a wide range of fluids.
 PPR pipes can handle the pressure and strain of hot water without breaking. Of
course, the premise is that the 50-year life span can only be guaranteed under
normal use conditions, such as protecting the pipeline under extreme weather.
 Pipe Fittings in Plumbing System
• A pipe fitting is used in plumbing system to join multiple pipes of same size or
different sizes, to regulate the flow or to measure the flow. They are made up of
different materials like copper, iron, brass, PVC etc.
• .
PVC Fittings
 Tee
• Tee type. Tee type fitting is a component of plumbing system which is in T-
shape. It is having one inlet and two outlets, outlets are arranged at 90 o to the
main line connection (inlet). It can also be used to combine the flow from two
inlets to one outlet. They are also available in different materials and different
sizes. If the then it is called as
• Equal tee - 3 sides of T-fitting are similar in size otherwise it is called as
• Unequal tee.
• Tee with thread
• Tee without thread
 Elbow
 Elbow. Elbows are used to change the direction of flow between
two pipes. If pipes are of same diameter then normal elbows are
used otherwise Reducer elbows are used. Elbows are made of
different materials. These are generally coming with female
threads and we can fix them by butt or socket welding also
 Elbow with thread
 Elbow without thread
 3-Way Elbow
3 Way Elbow
G.I. Pipe Fittings
 Pipe Fittings in Plumbing System

 Cross type
 Cross type fittings contains 4 opening in 4 directions. These are connected when there are 4 pipes are
meeting at a point. These fittings generate more amount of stress on pipe as the temperature changes,
because they are located at the center of four connection points. Cross fittings are generally used for fire
sprinkler systems.
 Pipe Fittings in Plumbing System
 Coupling.A coupling is used to connect the pipes of same diameter. Coupling are
also useful if the pipe is broken or leakage occurs. Generally there are two types
of couplings are available. Compression coupling and slip coupling.
Compression coupling is regular coupling which is connected between two pipes
and it prevents leakage by the arrangement of gaskets or rubber seals on both
sides, otherwise glue is provided. Slip coupling is easier to install and it contains
two pipes which are arranged as one into other, inner pipe can slide up to some
length. So, we can fix long length damaged pipe by slip coupling.
 Pipe Fittings in Plumbing System

 Unions
 Union is a type of fitting, which functions as similar to coupling. But coupling cannot be removed after
fixing but in this case we can remove the union whenever we needed. Unions consists nut, male and female
ended threads. So, this is also useful for maintaining purpose of pipe.
 Male and Female Adaptors
 Adaptors.If the pipes are not having special ends or plain ends then adaptors make them threaded either
male or female whichever is needed. Adopters are generally used for copper and PVC pipes. Male adapters
contain male threads and female adapters contains female threads. One end of adapter is plain which is
glued or welded or soldered to the plain pipe end.
 Plug and Cap
 Plug is a component of plumbing component which is generally used to close pipe opening during
inspections and repairs. Plug are generally contains male threads.
 Cap is a type of pipe fitting which function is same as plug but the only difference is plug contain male
threads and cap contain female threads which is screws on the male thread of pipe. These are available in
different materials like rubber, copper, steel, plastic etc.
 Valves in Pipe Fittings
 Valves are components of plumbing system which are used to stop or regulate
flow of fluid in its path. Different types of valves are available depending up on
their applications.
• Some important types of valves and its applications are listed below.
 Gate valve, and Ball valve - used for isolation only
 Globe valve - used for throttling
 Check valve - used for preventing reverse flow (non-return)
 Butterfly valve - used for isolation as well as throttling
 Gate Valve

Gate valves are easily one of the most common water valves used for general and residential plumbing. As
the first type of valve patented in America back in 1839, gate valves have been used ever since as
main shutoff valves, isolation valves, hot water tank valves, and more. Gate valves have an interior gate that
can be lowered to reduce or completely stop the flow of water when its circular handle is rotated slowly.
 Globe Valve

Excellent option for water lines that have a 1-inch or larger diameter. These valves tend to be larger than gate
valves because of their bulky internal construction. They have a horizontal internal baffle with an opening that can
be partially restricted or completely blocked by a plug that is raised or lowered by turning the circular handle of the
valve. Since the plug can be slowly lowered or raised, this also makes it easier to prevent water hammer in homes
that usually experience this recurring problem.
 Ball valve

These valves tend to be more reliable than gate valves and are not prone to leaking or seizing, however over time
they do not allow for the same precise control over the flow of water as a gate valve. Easy to turn the water on and
off but difficult to control the flow.
 Stop Valve

They are made specifically for use with plumbing fixtures like toilets, sinks, dishwashers, and clothes washers.
Additionally, these valves come in various types, including straight, angles, compression, and quarter-turn, so
it’s up to the user to choose the best supply stop valve for the current plumbing configuration.
Sanitary PVC Pipes
 Sanitary Elbow

90° Elbow 45° Elbow Elbow with

Cleanout
 Sanitary Tees

TEE TEE Reducer

3x2
4x2
4x3
 Sanitary Wye

Wye Wye Reducer

3x2
4x2
4x3
P-Trap
 Coupling, Bushing Reducer, Cleanout

Coupling Bushing Reducer Cleanout with O-Ring

 Riser Diagrams

S.H. Elbow G.I.

SV Tee G.I.
F Elbow G.I.
2.00 m

F Tee G.I. 1.00 m

FFL FD FFL
Tee/Elbow PVC Tee/Elbow PVC

SHOWER Sink/Lavatory