ANIMAL BREEDING.

CLASSES OF FARM
ANIMALS
http://pdatu.net.ua/mod/lesson/view.php?id=42608

Humeniuk Iryna,
https://drive.google.com/file/d/19P5UntbbHyF- PhD in Philology,
7viTjitqbdrc-z4um2iO/view?usp=sharing Head of Foreign Languages
Department
 PLAN:
 Meaning of farm animals
 Classification based on size
 Classification based on habitat
 Classification based on body
morphology
 Classification based on stomach type
 LITERATURE:
 Goodman, Polly. (2004). Animal Classification: A Guide to Vertebrates. Wayland:
Hodder Childrens Book. 123p.
 O’Sullivan, Neil., Libbin, D.J. (2010). Career Paths. Agriculture. Book 3. Express
publishing. http://www.tnu.in.ua/study/books/entry-1549756.html
 Duncanson, G.R. (2013). Farm animal medicine and surgery. Westover Veterinary
Center. 274p.
USEFULL VIDEO LESSONS:
 Animal classification https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mRidGna-V4E
 Classification of animals based on their habitat
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eMvariMKhQY
 Terrestrial animals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jFQMjIE6z0
 The ruminants – nutrition in animals https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XPGoVQW7J8U
 Digestive systems of Livestock https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTl8GfRSwP8
 Ruminant stomach https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HH4o_cJA5S4
 Ruminants https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhWpTcFqz6o
1. Meaning of farm animals

Farm animals are the animals that are

domesticated by man. The farm animals are kept
because they are useful in many ways. Some
produce milk, meat and eggs used as food.Another
name for farm animals is livestock, and this term
concerns only domestic animal.
Examples of these animals are camels, sheep,
goats, chicken, donkeys, horses, pigs, mules, etc.
The variety of animal production depends on the
country, climate and a lot of other characteristics.
Farm animals are classified based on the following:
Size, Habitat, Body morphology, Types of stomach.
 2. Classification based on size

Large farm animals:

Large farm animals are large in size, bigger
and stronger than other farm animals. They
can be used to perform specific work in the
farm, such as helping to till the farm,
horse
transporting farmers and their farm yields.
Large farm animals like castrated bulls,
horses, camels and donkeys are very useful to
farmers and agriculture generally. Milk, meat,
bull bones, horns, hides and skin comes from this
group of farm animals. These items are good
raw materials; Examples are donkey, cattle,
horse, goat, sheep, camel, pig etc.
rabbits

Small farm animals:

These groups of farm animals are small in size
and are useful also. Eggs, honey, fish, snail
and chicken types of meat are gotten from
bees small farm animals. The body coverage of
small farm animals varies. Poultry is covered
with feathers, fish with scales, and snail with
shell, grass-cutters and bees with hairs.
Examples are fish, snail, grass-cutter, rabbit,
poultry (chicken, duck, turkey, guinea fowl,
geese, pigeon, and parrot), honey bees etc.

grasscutter
grass-cutter
 3. Classification based on habitat

Aquatic farm animals

These are farm animals that live in water. They are cold blood
because they live throughout their life span in water. Examples are
fish, crabs, crayfish, prawn, shrimps, lobster etc.
lobster crayfish

shrimp
fish
Terrestrial farm animals
Terrestrial refers to land. Thus, terrestrial animals are farm animals
that live on land. Examples are sheep, goats, cattle, horses, poultry,
pigs, snails, honeybees etc. Most farm animals live on land. Their
bodies are covered with hair, feather, shell and they are warm blooded.

snail

goats pigs
4. Classification based on body morphology

1. Mammals: these are farm animals that have backbone. They give birth to
young ones alive and the young ones are fed with milk from the mammary
gland. The animals in this group are warm-blooded. That is to say that the
temperature of the body does not change in relation to its
environment. Goat, sheep, rabbit, pigs, cattle and donkeys are some of the
domesticated mammals.
sheep
donkeys

cattle
2. Birds: these are the farm animals 3. Fish: they live in water. It is a cold-
that have wings and feathers. They blooded vertebrate. The temperature of
have the ability to fly. They are also the body of fish changes in relation with
warm-blooded animals its surroundings. The body of most fish is
like mammals. These sets of animals covered with scales. They have fins for
lay eggs. Examples are fowl, turkey, movement in the water. Examples of farm
duck and geese. animals that live in the water are sharks,
catfish, mackerel, tilapia, salmon, sardines
etc.
salmon

turkeys
5. Classification based on stomach type

Ruminant animals
Ruminants are animals which have a four-
chambered stomach specially designed for
digesting plant matter. The names of the four
chambers of a ruminant are called the Rumen,
Reticulum, Omasum and Abomasum, each with a
different "job," that is responsible for the
complete digestion of coarse plant material.
They regurgitate food--called "chewing the cud".
The rumen and the reticulum is 85% of capacity.
Examples are goat, cattle and sheep.
 Non-ruminant animals
Non-ruminants are considered a
monogastrics because they have a
simple stomach. They cannot
regurgitate partly-digested
matter and re-chew it because it is
not necessary; they do not have a
large rumen . Almost all non-ruminant
animals are omnivorous or
carnivorous.
Animals that are herbivorous and are non-ruminants have a functional cecum
that is used to ferment the food that they have eaten once it passes through
the stomach and small intestine. Such animals are called "hind-gut
fermentors," and yet are still considered non-ruminants.
 RUMINANTS NONRUMINANTS
1) Have a four chambered stomach 1) Have a single stomach

2) Chew cud 2) Do not chew cud

3) Ptyalin is absent in the saliva 3) Ptyalin is present in saliva

4) Most digestion and absorption

takes place in the stomach 4) Most digestion and absorption
takes place in the ileum

5) Can digest cellulose with the 5) Cannot digest cellulose

help of cellulose from bacteria
 QUESTIONS:
1. What do farm animals stand for?
2. What is the synonym to farm animals?
3. What are the main classification of farm animals based on?
4. What is the difference between vertebrate and non-vertebrate animals?
5. Name some small/large farm animals.
6. Where do terrestrial animals live?
7. Give characteristics for aquatic farm animals.
8. What is the difference between cold-blooded and warm-blooded animal. Give some
examples.
9. What are animals classes due to the body morphology?
10. What group of animals is caleed mammals? Describe it.
11. What is poultry?
12. What are the differences in ruminant and non-ruminant animals?
13. Describe the digestion process for ruminant anumals.
14. Why are animals useful for people?