Group 3

KINGDOM ANIMALIA
WHAT ARE ANIMALS?
Animal, multicellular organism that obtains energy
by eating food. With over 2 million known species,
and many more awaiting identification, animals are
the most diverse forms of life on earth. They range
in size from 30-m (100-ft) long whales to
microscopic organisms only 0.05 mm (0.002 in)
long.
Animals are the only living things that have
evolved nervous systems and sense organs that
monitor their surroundings. They are also the only
forms of life that show flexible patterns of behavior
that can be shaped by past experience. The study of
animals is known as zoology.
Animal life spans vary from less than 3 weeks in
some insects to over a century in giant tortoises.
Some animals, such as sponges, mollusks, fish, and
snakes, show indeterminate growth, which means
that they continue to grow throughout life. Most,
however, reach a pre-defined size at maturity, at
which point their physical growth stops.
Animals are classified according to a broader range
of characteristics, including their internal anatomy,
patterns of development, and genetic makeup.
They also help to show how different species are
linked through evolution. Scientists divide the
animal kingdom into approximately 36 groups,
each called a phylum (plural phyla).
CHARACTERISTICS OF
ANIMALS
Animals are eukaryotic, multicellular and heterotrophic organisms. 

They have multiple cells with mitochondria and they depend on other organisms for food. 

Habitat - Most of the animals inhabit seas, fewer are seen in fresh water and even fewer on
land. 

There are around 9 to 10 million animal species that inhabit the earth. Only 800,000 species
are identified. 

Biologists recognize 36 phyla in the animals kingdom. 

 Size - The sizes of animals ranges from a few celled organism like the mesozoans to
animals weighing many tons like the blue whale.
Animal bodies - Bodies of animals are made of cells organized into tissues which
perform specific functions. in most animals tissue are organized into complex organs,
which form organ systems. 

Cell structure - The animal cell contains organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria,
Golgi complex, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, centrioles, cytoskeleton. 

Animals are made up of many organ systems, that aids in performing specific
functions that are necessary for the survival of the organism. 
VERTEBRATES and
INVERTEBRATE
VERTEBRATES
INVERTEBRATES
S
SPECIES WITH
SPECIES WITHOUT
BACKBONES
BACKBONES
DIVIDED IN TO
TWO
VERTEBRATES
CLASSIFIED BY PHYLUM
CHORDATA
Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds and
Mammals.
 Phylum Chordata
Animals of this phylum
have a characteristic
feature of presence of
notochord, a dorsal
hollow nerve cord and
paired pharyngeal gill
slits. Within this phylum
advanced group called
vertebrates which
include fish, amphibians,
reptiles, birds and
mammals. 
FACTS ABOUT VERTEBRATES
 The only mammals that lay eggs are monotremes such as the platypus and
spiny anteater.
There are reptiles that live on every continent except Antarctica.
Most fish have skeletons made of bone, they are called bony fish. Other fish
have skeletons made of cartilage. These include sharks and rays.
Frogs can breathe through their skin. The shortest childhood of any mammal is
the hooded seal. They are considered adults when they are just four days old.
Vertebrates tend to be much more intelligent than invertebrates.
 INVERTEBRATES
ARE CLASSIFIED INTO 8 PHYLA

Phylum Porifera, Phylum Coelentrata (Cnidarian), Phylum Platyhelminthes,

Phylum Aschelmeinthes, Phylum Annelida, Phylum Arthropoda, Phylum
Mollusca, and Phylum Echinodermata.
 Phylum Porifera
They are
primitive
organisms, most
of them are salt-
water sponges.
They do not have
organs or nerve
cells or muscle
cells.
Approximately,
8,000 species
exist today.

Sponges
 Phylum Coelentrata
(Cnidarian)
This group is
composed of
jelly-fish and
other lower
aquatic
animals.
Approximately,
15,000
species exist
today.
Jelly fish
 Phylum
This groupPlatyhelminthes
consists of flat
worms. They
inhabit both
marine and
fresh water
habitats and
they are mostly
endoparasites
found in
animals.
Flatworms
 Phylum
Aschelmeinthes
It is a group of
round worms,
most of them
are parasites.
This phylum
consists of
about 80,000
parasitic
worms.
Tape worms
 Phylum Annelida
They are
present in
aquatic,
terrestrial and
are free-living
or parasitic in
nature. This
phylum
comprises of
segmented
worms.
Earthworms
 Phylum Arthropoda
This is the
largest
phylum which
consists of Others are Arachnids,
insects. There
are over 1 Crustaceans, and Insects.
million
species of Spider
insects
existing
today.  Centipede
 Phylum Mollusca
It is the
second largest
phylum. They
are terrestrial
and aquatic.

Sea Shells Snails

 Phylum
Echinodermata
 This consists
of sea stars
and sea
urchins. There
are about
6,000 species.

Sea Cucumber Starfish

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