Example 1 :

Ramesh and Sazali will choose either to register at school A or school B. The probability of Ramesh and Sazali choosing school A is 1 and 2 respectively. What is the
4 3

probability that a.) Ramesh will choose school B? b.) Ramesh will choose school A and Sazali will choose school B? c.) Ramesh and Sazali will choose the same school?

Example 2 :
H A P P Y N E W Y E A R

There are twelve cards in a box. Kavita randomly takes a card from the box. If the card is E the card will be put back into the box. If the card is not E, she holds the card and takes a second card from the box. Find the probability that a.) both cards are E b.) at least one card is E c.) one card is E and the other is not E

Example 3 :

Bag X Bag Y

White 5 5

Yellow 10 10

Green 15 15

The above table shows the number of marbles with different colours in bag X and bag Y. A marble is randomly picked out from bag X. Its colour noted and then it is put into bag Y. After that, a second marble is picked randomly from bag Y. a.) Calculate the probability of picking (i) A white marble the first time (ii) First, a yellow marble and then a green marble b.) Calculate the probability that both marbles are green.

SPM 2003 The below shows the route of vehicle which carries a group of volunteers. The group consists of 7 males and 5 females who are dropped off at random to sell flags at various points along the routes.
Taman Aman Other places

Starting point

Taman Sentosa

a.) If two volunteers are dropped off at Taman Aman, calculate the probability that both are males b.) Two volunteers of different gender are dropped off at Taman Aman. If two other volunteers are then dropped off at Taman Sentosa, calculate the probability that at least one of them is female.

SPM 2004 The table below shows the number of coupons in two boxes, A and B. The coupons are of various values, RM 1, RM 2 and RM 5. Students are given coupons as an incentive for selling bookmarks.

Number of Coupons Box A B RM 1 1 2 RM 2 6 5 RM 5 8 3

Students selling more than 100 bookmarks are given the chance to draw at random a coupon from box A. Students selling less than 100 bookmarks are given the chance to draw at random a coupon from box B. Ali sells 120 bookmarks. Lim sells 52 bookmarks. Find the probability that a.) both of them draw a RM 5 coupon b.) the total value of the two coupons drawn by them is less than RM 4.

SPM 2005

A group of 5 boys and 4 girls take part in a study on the type of plants found in a reserved forest area. Each day, two pupils are choosen at random to write a report. a.) Calculate the probability that both pupils chosen to write the report on the first day are boys. b.) Two boys do write the report on the first day. They are then exempted from writing the report on the second day. Calculate the probability that both pupils chosen to write the report on the second day are of the same gender.

SPM 2006
In a quiz contest, there are three categories of questions consisting of 5 questions on sport, 3 questions on entertainment and 7 questions on general knowledge. Each question is placed inside an envelope. All of the envelopes are similar and put inside a box. All the participants of the quiz contest are requested to pick at random two envelopes from the box. Find the probability that the first participant picks a.) the first envelope with a sport question and the second envelope wit an entertainment question, b.) two envelopes with questions of the same category.