Introduction to Scripting

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What is a scripting


Scripting is the process of programming using a scripting language A scripting language, like C, Fortran, and Java, has expressions, conditional statements, and loop statements. Unlike C, Fortran, and Java a scripting language has
  

Loose typing Interpreted rather than compiled Usually as some higher level abstractions or built-in functionality

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Scripting Features


Scripting languages are generally interpreted rather than compiled This results in slower execution times compared to a compiled language
 

C and Fortran are generally fastest Java is compiled to bytecode that runs on a virtual machine and is slower The implementation of each individual interpreter varies greatly

Perl, Python, and Ruby are compiled at runtime into an internal format that increases performance Shell scripts and MATLAB re-evaluate each statement every time

Development cycle is shortened edit/run

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Scripting Features


Scripting languages do not, in general, use strong typing of variables



A variable may during the course of execution contain strings, integers, and objects

Scripting languages frequently build into the basic language higher order abstractions
  

Text processing Regular expressions System interface mechanisms

Most scripting interpreters can be embeddedt into other programs to provide scripting capability within that program


Microsoft Office uses Visual Basic for Applications

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Scripting Languages


 

Simple command/shell scripting, level 1, is the simplest form of scripting Intended to provide a batch execution capability Unix/Linux
   

bash, ksh (Korn shell), sh (Bourne shell) csh (C shell), tsch These shells can work interactively or in script mode Have basic programming constructs (if, loops, ) cmd/command have no programming constructs Windows PowerShell (4Q2006) will have extensive scripting based on C# language

Windows
 

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Scripting Languages


Limited scripting languages, level 2, have more sophisticated language structure but are limited in their native functionality


No native file I/O capability for example Available on Unix/Linux and Windows C based syntax Used almost exclusively as the client-side scripting language in the various web browsers Can be used as a system scripting language in Windows via the Windows Scripting Host Not generally used in Unix/Linux for general purpose scripting

JavaScript / Jscript / ECMAScript

  

SpiderMonkey is C based JS interpreter Rhino is Java based JS interpreter

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Scripting Languages


VBScript


Available only on Windows, based on Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) Can be used as the client-side scripting language in Internet Explorer Most often used with Windows Active Server Pages (ASP) for IIS based web sites Can be used as a system scripting language in Windows via the Windows Scripting Host

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Scripting Languages


Full scripting languages, level 3, have a sophisticated language structure and extensive application support Perl Practical Extraction and Reporting Language
    

A procedure based language with support for objects Extensive text processing capabilities and regular expressions Extensible using modules C based syntax with plethora of symbols Developed in late 1980s An object oriented language with some procedure traits Extensible A format based syntax Developed in early 1990s
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Python (also Jython)

   

Scripting Languages


Ruby
   

An object oriented language Extensible C like syntax with minimal symbols (no {} () ) Developed in early 1990s A procedural language Extensible A stack evaluation syntax, similar to Lisp (lots of []) Developed as an embeddable scripting language Developed in late 1980s

TCL Tool Command Language

    

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Scripting Languages


Other niche scripting languages



BeanShell

Makes it possible to use Java as a scripting language C-like, objects, cross-platform, has a Java version

REXX

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Perl
  

General purpose scripting language Practical Extraction and Reporting Language Based on the Unix program awk in its early incarnation Runs everywhere
 

On Unix/Linux it runs standalone using #! script file convention On Windows it can run standalone or as an ActiveX scripting engine Extensive text processing capabilities including built-in regular expressions Can be easily extended, there is extensive support for all types of system programming Has syntax to support object based programming Most Unix system calls are built-in functions The built-in system calls will do the right thing in Windows
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Pros
    

Perl


Cons
  

Can be difficult for beginners to learn Variable naming scheme is initially confusing There is a high learning curve

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Perl


Has 3 classes of variables

  

$var @var %var

scalar (integer, real, string, ...) array of scalars, $var[0] hash of scalars, $var{key}

       

Has local, lexical, and global scoping of variables Namespace separation Objects and references are supported Has the same set of operators as C plus some Lexical and global scoping of variables Statements end with ; Comments are everything after # on a line Functions sub name { ... }
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Perl
   

Has the same set of operators as C plus some additional Statements end with ; (semi-colon) Comments are everything after # on a line The usual complement of conditional statements


if then else (also unless then else) for for each while sub name () { }

The usual loop statements

  

Functions and methods are defined similarly



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Perl


Loop statements
for ($i=0 ; $i < 10 ; $i++) { printf i=%4d\n,$i; } while (<STDIN>) { print; } @list = (0,5,8,12); foreach $value (@list) { print Value=$value\n; } %hash = (part1=>0,part3=>70,part2=>4); foreach $key (sort keys %hash) { print Value=$hash{$key}\n; } foreach $value (0,5,8,12) { print Value=$value\n; }

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Perl


Logical statements
if ($i == 1) { print i=$i\n; $i++; } unless ($i == 1) { print Error: i != 1\n; $i++; }

die Unable to open file if !open(IN,filename); if ($i == 1) { print Group 1\n; } else { print Unknown group\n; } if ($i == 1) { print Group 1\n; } elsif ($i == 2) { print Group 2\n; } elsif ($i == 3) { print Group 3\n; } else { print Unknown group\n; }

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Perl


Native Regular Expression Support

while (<>) { next if m/.*error.*/; print; } foreach $line (@lines) { next if $line =~ m/^#/; @values = ($line =~ m/.+a=([0-9]+).+c=([0-9]+)/); print $values[0] $values[1]\n; }

@lines contains (an array of strings): # a b c a=10 b=23 c=16 a=12 b=43 c=17 a=63, b=2, c=999

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Perl


Support for objects

   

use Modulename; $var = Modulename::new(); $var->method(...); $var->{property};

(include class definition) (instantiate object) (invoke method) (access property)

Does not have a class keyword, a class is defined as a Perl module where the functions are invoked as methods and the use of the bless keyword.

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M/S Scripting Documentation

 

Script56.chm is the Windows scripting documentation file Local copy http://www.ae.gatech.edu/classes/ae6 382/MS_scripting/

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JavaScript / JScript
  

General purpose scripting language Usually appears only in web browsers Available on most platforms


In Windows Jscript is available as an ActiveX scripting engine, when run under the Windows Scripting Host it can functions as a general scripting system Its syntax is very much like C It has support for objects Limited availability Has limited access to host system (security feature)

Pros
 

Cons
 

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JavaScript / JScript


Variables
  

Typeless, refer to primitive types and objects Can be arrays Declared with var statement

   

Uses the usual set of C operators with some additions Statements are terminated with ; Comments marked with // and /* ... */ Functions and methods are declared with function name (...) { ... }

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JavaScript / JScript


Loop statements
var stdout = WScript.StdOut; var i; for (i=0 ; i < 10 ; i++) { stdout.WriteLine(i=+i); } var stdout = WScript.StdOut; var stdin = WScript.StdIn; while (! stdin.AtEndOfStream) { line = stdin.ReadLine() stdout.WriteLine(line); } var stdout = WScript.StdOut; var array = new Array(3); array[0] = 2; array[1] = 12; array[2] = 70; for (var value in array) { stdout.WriteLine("Value: "+array[value]); }

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JavaScript / JScript


Logical statements

if (i == 5) { stdout.WriteLine(Equality failed); } if (i == 1) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 1); } else { stdout.WriteLine(Unknown group); } if (i == 1) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 1); } else if (i == 2) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 2); } else if (i == 3) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 3); } else { stdout.WriteLine(Unknown group); }

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JavaScript / JScript


Regular Expression Support

var stdout = WScript.StdOut; var stdin = WScript.StdIn; var re = new RegExp(".*error.*","i"); while (! stdin.AtEndOfStream) { var line = stdin.ReadLine(); if (line.match(re)) { stdout.WriteLine(line); } }

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JavaScript / JScript


Regular Expression Support

var stdout = WScript.StdOut; var stdin = WScript.StdIn; var re1 = new RegExp("^#","i"); var re2 = new RegExp(".+a=([0-9]+).+c=([0-9]+)"); var lines = new Array(4); lines[0] = "# a b c"; lines[1] = " a=10 b=23 c=16"; lines[2] = " a=12 b=43 c=17"; lines[3] = " a=63, b=2, c=999"; for (var line in lines) { stdout.WriteLine(lines[line]); if (lines[line].match(re1)) continue; re2.exec(lines[line]); var avalue = RegExp.$1; var cvalue = RegExp.$2; stdout.WriteLine(avalue+", "+cvalue); }

// lines contains (an array of strings): // # a b c // a=10 b=23 c=16 // a=12 b=43 c=17 // a=63, b=2, c=999

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JavaScript / JScript


Object support
   

var obj = new Object(); obj.method(...); obj.property; obj[property];

(instantiate object) (invoke method) (access property) (access property)

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M/S Scripting Documentation

 

Script56.chm is the Windows scripting documentation file Local copy http://www.ae.gatech.edu/classes/ae6 382/MS_scripting/

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VBScript
 

General purpose scripting language Only available on Windows



Available as an ActiveX scripting engine, when run under the Windows Scripting Host it has general usage Can be used as the client-side scripting in IE Simple syntax (Basic) Has support for objects Windows only

Pros
 

Cons


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VBScript


Variables
  

Typeless, refer to primitive types and objects Can be arrays Declared with Dim statement

   

Uses a small subset of C operators Statements are terminated by the end of line Comments marked with (single quote character) Subroutines Sub name

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VBScript


Loop statements
Dim i i = 0 For i=0 To 9 Step 1 WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "i=" & i Next Do While Not WScript.StdIn.AtEndOfStream Dim line line = WScript.StdIn.ReadLine() WScript.StdOut.WriteLine(line) Loop Dim d Set d d.Add d.Add d.Add 'Create a variable = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary") "0", "Athens" 'Add some keys and items "1", "Belgrade" "2", "Cairo" Do Until WScript.StdIn.AtEndOfStream Dim line line = WScript.StdIn.ReadLine() WScript.StdOut.WriteLine(line) Loop

For Each I in d Document.frmForm.Elements(I).Value = D.Item(I) Next

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VBScript


Logical statements

If i = 5 Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLine Value is & i End If If i = 1 Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLineGroup 1 Else WScript.StdOut.WriteLine Unknown group End If If i = 1 Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLine ElseIf i = 2 Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLine ElseIf i = 3 Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLine Else WScript.StdOut.WriteLine End If

Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Unknown group

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VBScript


Regular Expression Support

Dim re Set re = New RegExp re.Pattern = ".*error.*" re.IgnoreCase = True Do While Not WScript.StdIn.AtEndOfStream Dim line line = WScript.StdIn.Readline If re.Test(line) Then WScript.StdOut.WriteLine line End If Loop

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VBScript


Regular Expression Support

Dim line Dim i Dim match Dim re1, re2, matches, submatches Dim lines(4) lines(0) = "# a b c" lines(1) = " a=10 b=23 c=16" lines(2) = " a=12 b=43 c=17" lines(3) = " a=63, b=2, c=999" set re1 = New RegExp set re2 = New RegExp re1.Pattern = "^#" re2.Pattern = ".+a=([0-9]+).+c=([0-9]+)" For i=0 To 3 line = lines(i) WScript.StdOut.WriteLine "--> " & line If Not re1.Test(line) Then ' WScript.StdOut.WriteLine line Set matches = re2.Execute(line) Set match = matches(0) WScript.StdOut.WriteLine match.SubMatches(0) & ", " & match.SubMatches(1) End If Next ' lines contains (an array of strings): ' # a b c ' a=10 b=23 c=16 ' a=12 b=43 c=17 ' a=63, b=2, c=999

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VBScript


Object support
  

Set obj = New Object obj.method(...) obj.property

(instantiate object) (invoke method) (access property)

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Tcl
 

General purpose scripting language Available on most platforms



In Windows it can run standalone an is also available as an ActiveX scripting engine Interpreter has a small footprint Easily embedded Extensible using C Strange syntax

Pros
  

Cons


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Tcl


Variables
 

Strings are the basic type Can create lists and arrays

    

Uses the expr command to evaluate expressions Format cmd op op ... op set var value (set counter 5) Reference value: $counter (set i $counter) Use [ ... ] to evaluate immediately

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Tcl


Loop statements
for (set i 0} {$i < 10} {incr i 3} { lappend aList $i } set aList set i 1 while {$i <= 10} { set product [expr $product * $i] incr i } set product set i 1 foreach value {1 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23} { set i [expr $i * $value] } set i foreach x [list $a $b [foo]] { puts stdout x = $x }

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Tcl


Logical statements

if {$i == 5} { puts stdout Equality failed } if {i == 1} { puts stdout Group 1 } else { puts stdout Unknown group }

if {i == puts } elseif puts } elseif puts } else { puts }

1} { tdout Group 1 (i == 2) { tdout Group 2 (i == 3) { stdout Group 3 stdout Unknown group

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Tcl


Logical statements

if {$x == 0} { puts stderr Divide by zero

if (i == 1) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 1); } else { stdout.WriteLine(Unknown group); } if (i == 1) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 1); } else if (i == 2) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 2); } else if (i == 3) { stdout.WriteLine(Group 3); } else { stdout.WriteLine(Unknown group); }

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Python
 

General purpose scripting language Available on most platforms

 

On Unix/Linux it runs standalone using #! script file convention In Windows it can run standalone an is also available as an ActiveX scripting engine

 

Designed from the start as an object oriented language Pros

 

Has wide support and runs everywhere Jython is a version coded in Java and can access Java classes directly Has a syntax based on formatting

Cons


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Python


Variables
    

Typeless Scalar Lists Tuples Dictionaries

name = sam names = [sam, bill, ted] (1,2,5,20) rooms = {sam:302,bill:305,ted:401}

  

Namespace separation (packages) Block structure is indicated by spacing Strings are immutable

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Python


Loop statements
Count = 0 for line in range(0..10): count = count + 1 print count

Count = 10 While count < 10: count = count + 1

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Python


Conditional statements
Value = 2 if value%2 == 0: print Value is even else: print Value is odd

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Python


Object support


Class definition
class Special: def __init__(self): self.count = 0 def method1(self,): def method2(self,):

Object instantiation

obj = Special() obj.method1()

Method invocation

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Ruby
 

General purpose scripting language Available on most platforms



On Unix/Linux it runs standalone using #! script file convention

 

Designed from the start as an object oriented language Pros

 

Is becoming widely used Has a more conventional syntax without the clutter of C and Perl Is relatively new on scene

Cons


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Ruby


Variables
    

Typeless $global_variable @@class_variable @instance_variable local_variable Scalar Arrays Hashes rooms{sam} name = sam names = [sam, bill, ted], names[2] rooms = {sam:302,bill:305,ted:401},

Types of variables
  

Namespace separation

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Ruby


Loop statements
count = 1 while count < 10 count = count + 1 end count = 1 begin count = count + 1 end while count < 10 count = 1 until count == 10 count = count + 1 end count = 1 begin count = count + 1 end until count == 10 loop count = count + 1 end

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Ruby


Conditional statements
value = 6 if value%3 == 0 print remainder 0 elsif value%3 == 1 print remainder 1 else print remainder 2 end value = 6 unless value == 6 print value is not 6 end

print stop if value == 0

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Ruby


Object support


Class definition
class def end def end def end end special initialize

method1()

method2()

Object instantiation

obj = special.new obj.method1()

Method invocation

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Scripting in Unix


The usual method of executing a script in Unix/Linux is to include the location of the interpreter on line 1
 

#!/usr/bin/perl #!/usr/bin/sh

The script must be readable and executable by the user attempting to run it

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Scripting in Windows


The usual method of executing a script in windows is to associate a file extension with the interpreter
  

file.pl file.py file.cmd

Perl script Python script Command file

Alternate methods are used for scripts that are to be run by resident ActiveX scripting engines
   

wscript cscript wsf Windows Scripting File hta HTML Applications

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M/S Scripting Documentation

 

Script56.chm is the Windows scripting documentation file Local copy http://www.ae.gatech.edu/classes/ae6 382/MS_scripting/

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Scripting in Windows


sample1.js


execute from cmd prompt> cscript sample1.js

// Get the stdin and stdout descriptors // The WScript object is created automatically by WSH var stdin = WScript.StdIn; // properties var stdout = WScript.StdOut; // Get the value to pass to program stdout.WriteLine("Enter value for i: "); var i = stdin.ReadLine(); stdout.WriteLine("Enter value for j: "); var j = stdin.ReadLine(); // Create an instance of the WshShell object (COM object) var WshShell = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell"); // Run with access to programs I/O var WshScriptExec = WshShell.Exec("program1"); // Write to the running programs stdio WshScriptExec.StdIn.WriteLine(" "+i+" "+j); // Wait for the running program to exit while (WshScriptExec.Status != 1) { ; } // Read from the running programs stdout var output = WshScriptExec.StdOut.ReadLine(); stdout.WriteLine("Output from program: "+output);

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Scripting in Windows


sample1.wsf


execute from cmd prompt> sample1.wsf

<job id="sample1"> <script language="JScript"> // Get the stdin and stdout descriptors // The WScript object is created automatically by WSH var stdin = WScript.StdIo; // properties var stdout = WScript.StdOut; // Get the value to pass to program stdout.WriteLine("Enter value for i: "); var i = stdin.ReadLine(); stdout.WriteLine("Enter value for j: "); var j = stdin.ReadLine(); // Create an instance of the WshShell object (COM object) var WshShell = new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell"); // Run with access to programs I/O var WshScriptExec = WshShell.Exec("program1"); // Write to the running programs stdio WshScriptExec.StdIn.WriteLine(" "+i+" "+j); // Wait for the running program to exit while (WshScriptExec.Status != 1) { ; } // Read from the running programs stdout var output = WshScriptExec.StdOut.ReadLine(); stdout.WriteLine("Output from program: "+output); </script> </job>

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Windows Scripting Host



 

WSH is the context within which VBScript and JScript run PerlScript and PythonScript are also available Start WSH scripts using cscript or wscript
 

cscript - console mode wscript - windows mode, no stdin, stdout, or stderr

The WSF format can contain several scripts in one text file

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Component Object Model COM

 

  

Why use COM The Component Object Model (COM) is the key to making full use of Windows COM is accessible from C++ and scripting Scripting an application is called automation Also referred to as ActiveX and OLE

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Objects in COM


A class defines an object

 

Properties are variables Methods are functions Each object has its own copy of the properties When a method is invoked it operates on only the object that is the target of the invocation

When a class is instantiated an object is created

 

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Objects in COM
 

 

An application can make many classes available for use via COM The client code (a script for example) must create an instance of the class (an object) and save a reference in a variable The applications methods may then be invoked on that object to access the application Using Windows Script Components (see Script56.CHM) scripts can be made available to other COM clients via COM

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Objects in COM


Two methods for accessing COM

 

vtables C/C++ Dispatch scripts

 

Classes contain properties and methods Collections are classes that enumerate objects

Dim worksheets, worksheet, excel ... Set worksheet = excel.Worksheets(sheet1) ... Set worksheet = excel.Worksheets(2) ... excel is an instance of Excel.Application worksheet is an instance of Worksheet class implied Item method Set worksheet = excel.Worksheets.Item(2)

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Creating a COM Object Instance



Scripting languages have a mechanism for instantiating a COM class

Perl: use Win32::OLE; ... my $excel = Win32::OLE->new(Excel.Application); JScript: var excel = new ActiveXObject(Excel.Application); VBScript: Dim excel Set excel = CreateObject(Excel.Application); Python: import win32com.client ... excel = win32com.client.Dispath(Excel.Application);

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Creating a COM Object Instance



Once top level object has been created the remaining hierarchy is accessed as per the languages normal object mechanism Tcl and Ruby can also instantiate COM objects

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Object Models


Every COM enabled Windows application has an object model Requires knowledge of object model to access application Discovering the object model
 

Use documentation (Office is documented) Use an object browser and trial and error

ActiveState Perl includes a simple Object Browser Visual Studio include an Object Browser

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Example - Perl
#!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use use use use Win32::OLE qw(in with); Win32::OLE::Const 'Microsoft Excel'; Win32::OLE::Variant; Win32::OLE::NLS qw(:LOCALE :DATE);

# Program dies on errors $Win32::OLE::Warn = 3; # The use of ' rather than " is noted my $excel_file = 'c:\latham\ae8801d\perltut.xls'; # Create a connection to Excel # Try to use an existing object else create a new object my $Excel = Win32::OLE->GetActiveObject('Excel.Application') || Win32::OLE->new('Excel.Application','Quit'); print "ERROR: ",$Win32::OLE::LastError,"\n" if $Win32::OLE::LastError; # Turn off any alter boxes (such as the SaveAs response) $Excel->{DisplayAlerts} = 0; # Make Excel visible on the desktop $Excel->{Visible} = 1; # Add a workbook and save the file my $Book = $Excel->Workbooks->Add(); $Book->SaveAs($excel_file); # To open an existing file replace above with # my $Book = $Excel->Workbooks->Open($excel_file);

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Example Perl
# Create a reference to a worksheet my $Sheet = $Book->Worksheets('Sheet1'); $Sheet->Activate(); $Sheet->{Name} = "sample_sheet"; # Insert some data into the worksheet my ($mday,$mon,$year) = (localtime(time))[3,4,5]; $year += 1900; my $str = $mon.'/'.$mday.'/'.$year; $Sheet->Range("a1")->{Value} = $str; $Sheet->Range("c1")->{Value} = "This is a long piece of text"; # Save $Book->SaveAs($excel_file); # Set cell colors via a loop foreach my $y (1..56) { my $range = 'b'.$y; $Sheet->Range($range)->Interior->{ColorIndex} = $y; $Sheet->Range($range)->{Value} = $y } # Re-format existing cell my $range = 'A1'; $Sheet->Range($range)->Interior->{ColorIndex} = 27; $Sheet->Range($range)->Font->{FontStyle} = "Bold"; $Sheet->Range($range)->{HorizontalAlignment} = xlHAlignCenter; # Set column widths my @columnheaders = qw(A:B); foreach my $range (@columnheaders) { $Sheet->Columns($range)->AutoFit(); } $Sheet->Columns("c")->{ColumnWidth} = 56;

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Example - Perl
# Insert borders around cells my @edges = qw(xlEdgeBottom xlEdgeLeft xlEdgeRight xlEdgeTop xlInsideHorizontal xlInsideVertical); $range = "b1:c56"; foreach my $edge (@edges) { with (my $Borders = $Sheet->Range($range)->Borders(eval($edge)), LineStyle => xlContinuous, Weight => xlThin, ColorIndex => 1); } # Insert a picture my $picture1 = $Excel->Worksheets('Sheet2')->Shapes->AddPicture('c:\latham\ae8801d\image.jpg',-1,-1,0,0,200,200); $Excel->Worksheets('Sheet2')->{Name} = "B-17"; #$picture1->{Left} = 100; #$picture1->{Top} = 100; # Save $Book->SaveAs($excel_file); # Create a chart my $Sheet3 = $Excel->Worksheets('Sheet3'); my $Chart1 = $Sheet3->ChartObjects->Add(200,200,200,200); $Sheet3->{Name} = "Chart Example"; $Chart1->Chart->ChartWizard({Source => $Sheet3->Cells(1)}); $Chart1->Chart->SeriesCollection(1)->{Values} = [19,3,24,56,34,33,16,10,3,100]; # Print a list of the worksheets foreach my $Sheet (in $Book->{Worksheets}) { print "Worksheet:\t",$Sheet->{Name},"\n"; } print "Ready to quit"; <>; exit;

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Example - JScript
// var fso = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject"); var excel = new ActiveXObject("Excel.Application"); excel.DisplayAlerts = 0; excel.Visible = 1; var book = excel.Workbooks.Add(); var sheet = book.Worksheets("Sheet1"); sheet.Activate(); sheet.Name = "sample sheet"; var wk2 = excel.Worksheets("Sheet2"); var pic1 = wk2.Shapes.AddPicture("c:\\latham\\ae8801d\\image.jpg",-1,-1,100.,100.,100.,50.); wk2.Name = "B-17"; pic1.Left = 100; pic1.Top = 100; WScript.Echo("Hello"); WScript.Sleep(2000); excel.Worksheets(1).Activate(); WScript.Sleep(2000); excel.Worksheets(2).Activate(); WScript.Sleep(2000); excel.Worksheets(3).Activate(); WScript.Sleep(2000); //var stdout = WScript.StdOut; //var stdin = WScript.StdIn; //var answer = stdin.ReadLine(); //stdout.WriteLine(answer); excel.Quit(); // var in = File("stdin"); // fgets(in);

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Example - Python
import win32com.client excel = win32com.client.Dispatch("Excel.Application","Quit") excel.DisplayAlerts = 0 excel.Visible = 1 book = excel.Workbooks.Add() sheet = book.Worksheets("Sheet1") sheet.Activate() sheet.Name = "sample sheet" picture = excel.Worksheets("Sheet2").Shapes.AddPicture("c:\\latham\\ae8801d\\image.jpg",-1,-1,100.,100.,100.,50.) excel.Worksheets("Sheet2").Name = "B-17" picture.Left = 100 picture.Top = 100 # Create a chart #sheet = excel.Worksheets('Sheet3'); #chart1 = sheet.ChartObjects.Add(200,200,200,200); #sheet.Name = "Chart Example"; #chart1.Chart.ChartWizard({Source => $Sheet3->Cells(1)}); #chart1.Chart.SeriesCollection(1)->{Values} = [19,3,24,56,34,33,16,10,3,100]; print "Hello from excel1.py" answer = raw_input("Quit ? ") excel.Quit();

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