Languages

Discuss about languages Translator- A person Sign Language- To talk

you speak whose job is to translate through hand and body
words from one language movements.
to another.
 Agenda
Operating system and its types
Microsoft Windows
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Desktop and its Components
Basic operations on the desktop
Parts of window
Setting wallpaper and screen saver
 It controls all the devices connected to the
computer.

Operat It helps you communicate with the computer.

ing In other words, it acts as an interface between

you and the computer system.

Syste It helps us multitask and keeps a track of all the

programs.

m
Microsoft Windows and Mac OS are the most
commonly used operating systems.

Linux and Unix are operating systems that are

available for free.
 INTERFACE- CONNECTION MULTITASK- TO DO MORE
BETWEEN A PERSON AND A THAN ONE TASK AT THE
COMPUTER SAME TIME
 Operating System

Single-User Operating System Multi-User Operating System

Single-User Operating sysyem

It allows only one user to log on to the

computer at a time.

It is usually used at home and in

schools.

Microsoft windows and Mas OS are

popular single-user operating systems.
Multi-User Operating System

It allows many people to use the same computer

at a time.

Here, one main computer is attached to many

other computers.

It is mostly used in big offices, hospitals,

airports and other public places where a lot of
people are required to access the same system.

Linux and Unix are examples of multi-user

operating systems.
Microsoft • Microsoft Windows or Windows is one of the most
Windows
Operating popular operating systems.
System
• The first Microsoft operating system was developed in

the 1980s and since then, many versions of windows

operating system have been released.

Graphical User
Interface (GUI)

• Windows operating system is a Graphical User Interface or GUI

• In GUI operating system, you do not have to type text

commands.

• Instead, you click the icons to give commands.

• The GUI of each operating system has a different look and feel.
Starting Windows

• When you switch ON the computer, the operating system

gets loaded in the computer’s memory.

• The process of loading the operating system is called

booting.

• The first screen you will see is the login screen.

• Type your password into the box and press the Enter key.

• The screen that you see after you have logged in is called

the desktop.
Desktop and Its
components

• Desktop is the first screen you see after booting.

• Like the top of an actual desk, it works as an

onscreen desk for your work. Desktop is where all the

icons are placed and where different programs run.

• Desktop consists of icons and taskbar.

ICONS

• Icons are little pictures displayed on the

desktop that represent a program, file or

folder.

• Desktop icons are also called shortcuts.

• Some common icon are This PC, Recycle

Bin, a file, a folder

• This PC icon displays the content in the computer’s hard

disk.

• A hard disk is divided into partitions and is denoted by letters

such as C:, D: and E:.

• It shows a different icon or a CD/ DVD or a pen drive.

• Recycle Bin icon stores your deleted files and folders.

• When you delete a file or folder, it is temporarily deleted and stored in the Recycle

Bin.

• It is therefore necessary to empty the Recycle Bin after regular intervals.

• You can recover your file or folder from the recycle bin if it is deleted by mistake.
Tech Help
Press Shift + Delete to
permanently delete an
item.
Activity
•Follow the steps to understand how to delete and restore a file from the Recycle Bin.

• Step 1: Open Paint program

• Step 2: Draw a scenery
• Step 3: Save the file as scenery on desktop
• Step 4: Right-click the file and select Delete
• Step 5: Double-click the Recycle Bin icon on desktop to view the deleted files or folders.
• Step 6: If you wish to get your file back, right-click on it and select Restore
• Do you see the file back in place?
• Step 7: Now, if you do not need this file at all and want to delete it permanently, press the shift+ Delete
keys.
• Step 8: Double-click the Recycle Bin icon to view Scenery file.
• Do you see your file?
A file is a collection of information

A folder is a collection of files.

 Taskbar
Taskbar is the bar displayed at the bottom of the
Windows screen.
It shows the programs that are running and allows you
to switch between them.
The programs may or may not be visible on the
desktop.
It has a Start button, Middle section, Notification area
and Show desktop button.
 Taskbar
Show Desktop

Start button Middle Section

Search the web and Notification area

Windows
 Start Button

• The start button is present on the extreme left of the Taskbar.

• It is like the main gate to computer’s programs and folders.
• When you click this button, a list of programs appears. This is called
Start Menu.
• Observe that some programs have a small arrow head next to
them,
• Holding the mouse pointer over these items will open another list.
This is called submenu.
• On the right side of the Start menu you have tiles.
• Tiles can be added, removed, resized and animated. The animated
tiles are known as ’Live Tiles’.
Start Option
Tiles
The start menu also has three Power options:
Sleep: This option uses very little power and your PC starts up faster. You are instantly back to where
you left off.
Shut down: This option turns off your computer completely.
Restart: This option turns off your computer and starts it again.

To choose any of these Power modes, select the Start button and then select Power <option>.
 Middle Section

The middle section shows the opened

programs and documents, Whenever you
open a program, windows creates a button
on the taskbar.
You can pin your favourite programs such
as Paint, anywhere on the taskbar for easy
access.
The pinned program always appears on the
taskbar.
 Notification Icon

The notification icon is present on the right of

the Taskbar. It displays a clock and a small
group of icons. It dispalys the status of the
programs running on the computer. For
example, it shows the connectivity of the
internet or speed of the Internet connection.
 Show Desktop

The Show desktop button is a rectangular bar at the end

of the Taskbar.
Point to the show desktop button, open windows will
fade from view and become transparent. Move the
mouse away from the Show desktop button and the
windows return.
 Tech Help and Fact

Press the Windows key on the keyboard to

open the Start menu.
You can resize the Start menu horizontally
or vertically by holding the top or right
edges, respectively.
 Activity Questions

Have you ever done multitasking on a computer?

Which all task did you accomplish?
Find out and name an operating system that is developed in
India?
Which operating system is used in your school’s computer lab?
Is it a single- user operating system or a multi- user operating
system?
You should always follow steps to switch On (Login) and OFF
(Shut down) a computer . Why?
Changing the position of Taskbar
You can shift the taskbar to any of the
four sides on the screen.
To change the position, follow the steps:

Step 1: Place the mouse pointer on the

blank area of the Taskbar.
Step 2: Drag the mouse to the left, right or
top of the screen.
Step 3: Release the mouse button.

The taskbar shifts to its new location.

 Activity
List the programs that you would like to pin to the taskbar.
Pin your favourite programs and open it with a single-click.
Keep the mouse pointer over the volume bar. What do you observe?
Point to the show desktop button. What do you observe?
Click the show desktop button. What do you observe?
List the tiles on your computer’s Notification Area.
Arranging Icons on Taskbar
On the Taskbar, all of your active programs
appear as individual icons.
You can rearrange the icons in the order
that you want, by clicking and dragging
them to the desired location.
 Live Taskbar Previews
You can point to the Taskbar
button to see a live preview of its
active windows. It is called Aero
Peek.
Move your mouse over any icon
on the Taskbar to preview the
window full screen and click it to
open window.
You can even close windows and
pause video and songs from the
thumbnail previews.
 Parts of a Window
Every program opens in a
window.
A window is a rectangle
screen with borders.
The contents of every
window are different but
most parts are the same. You
can open multiple windows
when you work on a
computer.
Only one window is active is
active at a time.
 Title Bar

Title Bar is at the top of the window .

It displays the name of the document and the related software
program.
It also includes the following buttons: Minimizes, Maximize, Restore
Down and Close.

Minimize button reduces the window to a button on the taskbar.

Maximize button displays the full screen of the window.
Restore Down button appears when windows is maximized. It changes
the windows to its original size.
Close button closes the window.
 Ribbon
Ribbon appears below the Title Bar. It consists of tabs and
groups.
 Work Area
Work Area is the area where the contents of the window
are displayed. In paint, the Work Area is known as Drawing
Area.
 Scroll Bars
Scroll bars appear when the contents of
a window cannot be seen at the same
time. These are two types of scroll bars.
Horizontal Scroll Bar is at the bottom of
the window. It helps you scroll left or
right of the screen.
Vertical Scroll Bar is on the right of the
window. It helps you to scroll top or
bottom of the screen.
 Status Bar

Status Bar provides the

information about the task
being done.
You can change the size of a
window by dragging its borders
or corners.
 Tech Help and Fact
You can lock the Taskbar so that you do not move it
accidently.

To lock the Taskbar, right- click on the blank area on

the Taskbar, select Lock the Taskbar from the menu
that appears.

Menu Bar is a horizontal bar that appears below the

Title Bar.

It contains a list of options that help you work in a

program such as Notepad, MSW Logo.
Snap is a quick way to resize the active windows. Snap
makes reading, organizing and comparing windows
simpler.
You can drag them to the edges of your screen, place
them vertically or beside each other.
Find out how you can use snap to arrange the windows
side-by –side, which can be helpful when comparing two
documents or when moving the files from one place or
another.
Setting Wallpaper or Desktop Background
The background picture of your desktop is known as the Wallpaper.
To change your desktop back ground, follow the steps:
Step 1: Right click anywhere on the blank area on the desktop. A drop-down list appears.
Step 2: Click the Personalize option at the bottom of the menu.
Step 3: Settings dialog box appears. It shows the Personalization window.
Step 4: From the background drop down, chose an option.
Step 5: Browse the folder in the Choose your picture to pick a desktop background of your choice. You may
select more than one picture to create a slide show.
Step 6: Click the Save changes button.
The chosen picture is set as the desktop background.
 Activity
A. Set the drawing created in paint program as your desktop background.
Follow the steps:
Step 1: Open your drawing in paint program or you may create a new design and
save it.
Step 2: Click the File menu and from the drop-down list ‘Select’.

B. You can also select your own picture as a desktop background.

Follow the steps:
Step 1: Select the picture.
Step 2: Right-click and choose Set as desktop background option.
 Setting a Screen Saver

Screensaver is a moving picture or text on the desktop that you see when you do not work on
the computer for some time.
To stop the screen saver and return to the desktop, press any key or move the mouse.

To change a screensaver, follow the steps:

Step 1: Right-click anywhere on the blank area on the desktop.

Step 2: Click the Personalize option at the bottom of the menu.
Step 3: Personalization window appears.
Step 4: Click Lock screen, at the bottom, click Screen Saver Settings.
Step 5: Screen Saver Settings dialog box appears. Select the screen saver of your choice.
Step 6: Click the preview button to see how your screen saver will look like on the screen.
Step 7: In the wait box, specify the idle time in minutes. If you do not work on the computer
for a specifies time, the screen saver gets displayed.
Step 8: Click OK.
 Tech Fact
A Screensaver is called so because in earlier days, a
monitor would heat up and burn if nothing moved on the
screen for a long time. A screen saver also helps a user to
hide his/ her work when they are not near the computer.
A. You can change the colour of windows borders, Start menu and Taskbar.
Find out how.

To change the windows color, follow the steps:

Step 1: Choose the Colors option in the Personalization window.

Step 2: Choose a colour.

B. You may also change the sound theme by choosing the

Setting Themes Advanced sound settings

 Recap

Windows operating system is a graphical user interface GUI.

When you delete a file or folder, it is temporarily deleted and is stored the
recycle bin.
The start button is present on the extreme left of the Taskbar.
Notification Area displays a group of tiles.
The show desktop button is a rectangle bar at the very end of the taskbar.
Title Bar, Ribbon, Work Area, Scroll Bars and Status Bar are the basic parts of the
windows.
The tile Bar consists of Minimize, Restore Down, Maximize and Close buttons.
The background picture of your desktop is known as the wallpaper.
Screensaver is a moving picture or text on the desktop that you see when you
do not work on the computer for sometime.
Thank you