Identifyin
g
Variables
In the
statement of the factors or variables
the problem, to be observed and
measured must be
identified or specified.
VARIABLES Some of the variables
are manipulated by the
investigator, others are
maintained constant or
controlled.
Independent Dependent
TYPES OF
VARIABLE
Control Extraneous
TYPES OF
VARIABLES
TYPES OF VARIABLE
Independent Variable Dependent Variable Control Variable Extraneous Variable
• are those that are • are the observe • they are controlled • is any variable that
manipulated or effects. Their values or maintained you’re not
change such that are dependent on constant during an investigating that
their values are the action of the investigation in can potentially affect
chosen and set by independent order to eliminate the outcomes of
the researcher. Their variables. their effect on the your research study
values are subject’s behavior or
independent of the characteristics.
behavior of the
subject.
Problem:
How does temperature and concentration
affect the index of refraction of sugar solution?
EXAMPL
E Independent Dependent Control Extraneous
Problem:
How does temperature and concentration affect
the index of refraction of sugar solution?
EXAMPL
E Independent Dependent Control Extraneous
Temperature Index of Type of solvent Amount of
Refraction solvent
Concentration Type of water Type of
container
Research Title:
Water Trash Bin: Improvised Solar-Powered
Waste Collector for Irrigation System
Conservation
EXAMPL
E Independent Dependent Control Extraneous
Research Title:
Water Trash Bin: Improvised Solar-Powered
Waste Collector for Irrigation System
Conservation
EXAMPL
E Independent Dependent Control Extraneous
Time Amount of Irrigation Weather
waste collected System
Solar power
