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OLAP Operations With Queries

The document provides an overview of three OLAP schemas: Star Schema, Snowflake Schema, and Fact Constellation Schema, detailing their definitions, structures, and advantages. It also covers OLAP queries, including operations like dicing and pivoting, which enhance data analysis by allowing users to manipulate and view multidimensional data. Additionally, it summarizes key OLAP operations and their SQL equivalents for better understanding.

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69 views8 pages

OLAP Operations With Queries

The document provides an overview of three OLAP schemas: Star Schema, Snowflake Schema, and Fact Constellation Schema, detailing their definitions, structures, and advantages. It also covers OLAP queries, including operations like dicing and pivoting, which enhance data analysis by allowing users to manipulate and view multidimensional data. Additionally, it summarizes key OLAP operations and their SQL equivalents for better understanding.

Uploaded by

mohanapriya.c
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

OLAP Schemas Overview

An overview of Star Schema,


Snowflake Schema, and Fact
Constellation Schema
1. Star Schema

• - Definition: The simplest OLAP schema with a


central fact table and related dimension
tables.
• - Fact Table: Contains metrics like sales
amount, quantities, etc.
• - Dimension Tables: Represent dimensions
such as time, product, customer, etc.
• - Advantages:
• 1. Easy to understand
2. Snowflake Schema

• - Definition: A normalized version of the Star


Schema.
• - Fact Table: Similar to Star Schema, contains
metrics.
• - Normalized Dimension Tables: Split into
more tables to minimize redundancy.
• - Advantages:
• 1. Reduces redundancy and storage space.
3. Fact Constellation Schema

• - Definition: An extension of the Star Schema


with multiple fact tables sharing dimension
tables.
• - Fact Tables: Multiple facts representing
different subject areas like sales and suppliers.
• - Shared Dimension Tables: Common across all
fact tables.
• - Advantages:
• 1. Allows complex analysis with multiple
OLAP Queries

• - OLAP queries are used to retrieve


multidimensional data efficiently.
• - OLAP Cube: Abstract representation of data
in multidimensional space.
• - Commands:
• - CREATE.CUBE: Creates a new cube.
• - DROP.CUBE: Deletes a cube.
• - DEFINE CUBE: Defines a cube with specific
4. Dicing Operation

• - Definition: Projects data onto a subset of


dimensions, restricting the data range along
selected dimensions.
• - Example: Analyzing sales data for a specific
time period, region, and product.
• - SQL Syntax:
• SELECT grouping_attributes
• FROM fact_table
5. Pivoting Operation

• - Definition: Rotates the data cube to view the


data from different angles, usually after
slicing.
• - Example: Viewing sales data by product
instead of time after slicing by year.
• - Process: Re-orienting data to compare
different sub-cubes, enhancing analysis
flexibility.
OLAP Operations Summary

• | Operation | SQL Equivalent | Description


|
• |-------------|---------------------|-----------------------
---------------------|
• | Roll-up | GROUP BY ROLLUP | Decrease
level of detail |
• | Drill-down | Nested SQL | Increase
level of detail |
• | Slicing | WHERE condition | Fix a

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