Engineering Mechanics: Statics in SI Units, 12e

10
Moments of Inertia

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Chapter Objectives
Methods for determining the moment of inertia for an area

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Chapter Outline
1. Definitions of Moments of Inertia for Areas 2. Parallel-Axis Theorem for an Area 3. Moments of Inertia for Composite Areas

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10.1 Definition of Moments of Inertia for Areas

Centroid for an area is determined by the first moment of an area about an axis Second moment of an area is referred as the moment of inertia

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10.1 Definition of Moments of Inertia for Areas

Moment of Inertia Consider area A lying in the x-y plane Be definition, moments of inertia of the differential plane area dA about the x and y axes dI x y 2dA dI y x 2dA For entire area, moments of inertia are given by
I x y 2dA
A

I y x 2dA
A
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10.2 Parallel Axis Theorem for an Area

Parallel axis theorem is used to determine moment of inertia of an area about a corresponding parallel axis when moi about an axis passing through its centroid is known. Consider moment of inertia of the shaded area Where a differential element dA is located at an arbitrary distance y from the centroidal x axis

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10.2 Parallel Axis Theorem for an Area

The fixed distance between the parallel x and x axes is defined as dy For moment of inertia of dA about x axis
dI x y ' d y dA
2 2

For entire area

I x y ' d y dA
A 2 y '2 dA 2d y y ' dA d y dA A A A

First integral represent the moment of inertia of the area about the centroidal axis
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10.2 Parallel Axis Theorem for an Area

Second integral = 0 since x passes through the areas centroid C y ' dA y dA 0; y 0

Third integral represents the total area A

2 I x I x Ad y

Similarly
I y I y Ad x2

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Moments of Inertia for Composite Areas

Procedure for Analysis Composite Parts Divide area into its composite parts and indicate the centroid of each part to the reference axis Parallel Axis Theorem Use parallel axis theorem to determine MOI of each part about its parallel/reference axis

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Example 10.4
Compute the moment of inertia of the composite area about the x axis.

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Solution
Composite Parts Composite area obtained by subtracting the circle form the rectangle. Centroid of each area is located in the figure below.

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Solution
Parallel Axis Theorem Circle
2 I x I x ' Ad y

1 254 252 752 11.4 106 mm4 4

Rectangle
2 I x I x ' Ad y

1 1001503 100150752 112.5 106 mm4 12

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Solution
Summation For moment of inertia for the composite area,

101106 mm4

I x 11.4106 112.5106

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