9

(Hot working of metal)

9.1
9.2
9.3
9.4

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1.
2.
3.
- 4-5
-
-
- 6
-
4.
5.

153

(Hot working of metal)

500 700


1.
2.
3.
4.

5.


1.

2.
3.

9.1 (Rolling)

9.1

154
2
1 (Ingot) (bloom)
(billet) (Slab)
- (bloom) 150x150 .
- (billet) 40x40 .
(bloom)
- (Slab) 40 .
250 .
2 1

1,100

1 . 2

2 . 4

3 . 3

9.2
:,, 147

4 .

155
1. 2
-
2. 4 2

3. 3
2

4. 4 2

(Billet) 100x100 .
10

9.3 (Billet)

156
9.2 (Forging)




1) (Hammer or smith forging)


(die)

9.4

:,, 148

157

2) (Drop Forging)

1,1001,250

9.5

1.

2.

9.5
:,, 149

158
3) (Press Forging)
2

9.6
:,, 290

9.7
:,, 291

159
4) (Upset forging)


2-3

1.

2.

9.8 (Upset forging)

:,, 151

160

5) (Roll forging)

1.

2.

9.9

9.9 (wheel)


9.3 (Extrusion)

3
1) (Direct extrusion)

161

9.10
2) (Indirect extrusion)


9.11

9.11
3) (Impact extrusion)

-

9.12
:,,, 151

162

9.4 (Pipe and Tube manufacture)

1) (Butt welding)

1.

2.

9.13
2) (Electric butt welding)


6

163

9.14
:,,, 153

3) (Lap welding)



9.15

9.15

164
4) (Piercing)



150 .

9.16
:,, 154

360-600 .

165
5) (Tube extrusion)

1,300

180 /

9.17
6) (Drawing)

9.18

166

7) (Hot Spinning)

9.19

:http://www.sakaekogyo.co.jp/thai/hot_spining.htm

8) (Special method)

9.20
:,, 156

167

(Punch)

9.21

172

-
9
1
1.
. 300 500 C
. 500 700 C
. 700 900 C
. 900 1,100 C
2.
.
.
.
.
3.
.
.
.
.
4.
. 700 C
. 900 C
. 1,000 C
. 1,100 C
5.
.
.
.
.
6. (Extrusion)
.
.
.
.
7.
.
.
.
.
8.
.
.
.
.

173

9.
.
.
.
.
10.
.
.
.
.
2
1. ....................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
2. 3 .....................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
3. 2 .................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
4. 3 . .....................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
5. ...................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
6. ......................................................
7. 3 ........................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
8.
9. ..................................................................
10. ......................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................