From the Director's Desk Namaskar, at the outset please accept our heartiest greeting for the coming

Diwali festival! May the Light" of Diwalifurther enlighten us and strengthen our social ties. VKIC is glad to inform you about its events and activities for the periodfrom April 2012 to September 2012. Readers would recall that under the aegis o f VKIC's Interactive Forum, Sanskriti Anveshak, a series o f fourteen lectures concluded in November, 2011. The papers will now be brought in a publication entitled, "Aspects o f Land Policy in Assam: Continuity and Change". As part o f the Sanskriti Anveshak Lecture Series on Cultural Pluralism- Focus: Northeast India, a talk was delivered by Dr. Joram Begi on the Arunachal Pradesh Perspective on 25May, 2012. Quest" our theme based bi-annual Research journal is published with the theme, "Women o f North East India: Issues and Challenges II". An interactive session was held on 2 August with Shri Tarun Vijay (Member, Rajya Sabha), Shri Sudhir Pathak (Editor o f the Marathi journal, Vivek), VKIC team, other personalities from academics, Government Officials and media persons on the prevailing situation in BTAD area. On the invitation o f Vivekananda Kendra, Guwahati branch, Dr. J. K. Bajaj, Director, Center for Policy Studies, New Delhi visited Guwahati and interacted with various groups between 10 to 12 September, 2012. VKIC strives to create a niche for itself in the field of research with its prime focus on North East India. VKIC promises to look how development programmes could be better accelerated keeping in mind the needs o f the society and working in co-ordination with the people at the grassroot level. VKIC relentlessly would continue its pursuit of research and academic excellence. We are obliged to one and all for the support and co-operation showered upon us in our endeavour and we look forward to receiving such kind gestures in days to come. D. C. BAROOWA Director

VKIC ACTIVITIES Sanskriti Anveshak Lecture Series on Cultural Pluralism-Focus: Northeast India The first talk of the new lecture series on Cultural Pluralism- Focus: Northeast India was on the Arunachal Pradesh Perspective. The talk was delivered by Dr. Joram Begi, Director, Higher & Technical Education, Govt. of Arunachal Pradesh, Itanagar and Member, Research Advisory Council, VKIC on 25 May, 2012 in the Williamson Magor Auditorium of the Institute at Uzan Bazar, Guwahati. It was moderated by Prof A. C. Bhagabati, Honorary Coordinator & Head of the Division, North Eastern Regional Centre, Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts and Member, Research Advisory Council, VKIC. D r. J o r a m Begi shared his view s on the pluralistic ethos of Arunachal Pradesh b ased on his experience of the com m unities. He said that he would prefer to use the phrase 'Unity in Diversity' rather than the word 'Cultural Pluralism' as the phrase has different meaning in the West which is not applicable to India. He began with the genesis of the state of Arunachal Pradesh, of its rich flora and fauna, of the ethnic diversity of more than 26 major communities and 110 sub-communities inhabiting the region. He stated that on the basis of socio-religious practices, these communities can be classified into two: those who follow established religions like Buddhism and those who follow the indigenous religion. He said that both the Hinayana and Mahayana forms of Buddhism are practised amongst the Khampti, Singpho, Monpa, Sherdukpen, etc. of Arunachal Pradesh. Communities such as the Nocte, Tangsa, Wancho, Adi, Aka, etc. follow the indigenous religion that is variously called. It is the worship of the Sun and Moon that is prevalent

in other parts of India also. Among them, the term to denote the Sun and the Moon might be different such as Rangfra, Donyi Polo, Intaya but the meaning is the same, with similar rituals and belief system. Interestingly, the established religious faiths too have adapted several practices from the indigenous religion for instance offering of locally brewed rice beer during worship in a Buddhist shrine. Not only Buddhists, but Christians also are observed to chant traditional mantra at times, replacing the name of the traditional deity with that of Jesus. A person belonging to a particular indigenous community would not hesitate to call a traditional priest belonging to another indigenous community in times of need. An intermingling of faith and people exist which is in tune with the wider spectrum of the Indian pluralistic spirit. Dr. Begi said the cultural practices unique to Arunachal Pradesh are undergoing rapid changes due to the forces unleashed by the socio- economic changes. He appealed to all to initiate efforts to preserve it and asked the VKIC to organise similar programmes in Arunachal Pradesh to strengthen proper perspective on culture. In the interactive session many questions were asked. One such question was on Verrier Elwin's role in preserving Arunachal Pradesh's way of life and protecting it from outside influence. Dr Begi acknowledged Elwin's good intentions but gave his informed opinion that on hindsight the people of Arunachal Pradesh have realized that Elwin's policy was intended to make Arunachal a zoo or a museum, at best. That is why it had failed for it is not through isolation but only through dynamic interaction can there be growth. To another question about Donyipoloism being made a state religion, Dr. Begi made it clear that there was no such effort, rather every community - is successfully drawing on its own traditional ways of worship and adapting it for continuity in an organised, institutionalized form. There is respect for one another's way of life. The Moderator of the session Prof. A.C. Bhagabati, shared his experiences of Arunachal Pradesh mentioning the great diversity existing in Arunachal Pradesh yet at the same time pluralistic ethos prevalent in Arunachal in the sense, where everyone is allowed to express themselves without

fear. He supplemented Dr. Joram Begi on the need for the preservation of cultural practices of Arunachal Pradesh, stating that the historical and folklore resources need to be conserved for the good use in future. In a span of a few decades Arunachal Pradesh has undergone socio-economic and other changes that have taken place in the rest of the country over a few millennia, Dr. Bhagabati said. Note : Dr. Begi suggested that Cultural Pluralisn as used in the western discourse does not capture our experience. The Research Advisory Council as in principal decided to re-name the series. Visit of Dr. J. K. Bajaj On the invitation of Vivekananda Kendra, Guwahati branch, Dr. J. K. Bajaj, Director, Center for Policy Studies (CPS), New Delhi visited Guwahati and interacted with various groups. Dr. Bajajalso held several honorary positions as member of advisory bodies in Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Indian Council of Social Sciences Research and Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, has also presented several research papers on theoretical physics. Dr. Bajajis also the author of several books like 'Religious Demography o f India', 'Timeless India Resurgent India: A celebration o f the land and people o f India' and many others. 10 September 2012 Workshop A workshop was organized for the teachers of V iv ek an an d a K en d ra V id y alay as re g a rd in g investigatory project on Social sciences. Ten teachers from Vivekananda Kendra Vidyalayas from different parts of Assam participated in the workshop. Dr. Bajaj guided them on Survey methods production, occupations, village systems, etc. 11 September 2012 Guest of the Month Program, Guwahati Press Club Dr. Bajaj was invited as the Guest of the Month Program in the Guwahati P re ss C lu b. H ere he interacted with the media persons and talked about

the demographic changes in Assam specifically in four districts of Assam- Dhubri, Bongaigaon, Goalpara and Kokrajhar. He opined that the Assamese society has undergone a huge change over the last 50 years. And the present conflicts in the State like the BTAD carnage are the result of the change in the social fabric over the years. Dr. Bajaj said the recent disturbances in Kokrajhar and Dhubri districts has once again brought up the issues of large scale immigration from Bangladesh into sharp focus. Lecture on the occasion o f Universal Brotherhood Day Dr. Bajajdelivered a lecture on Swami Vivekananda's Vision o f Oneness on th e o c c a s io n of U n i v e r s a l Brotherhood Day on 11 September 2012 at VKIC. In his lecture Dr. Bajaj expressed the greatness of India and the eternal message of spirituality for the betterment of humanity. 12 September 2012 Interactive Session with Council Members and few other intellectuals, VKIC Dr. J. K. Bajajm et the Members of the Research Advisory Council, VKIC and some special invitees at the NRL Conference Hall at the VKIC premises on 12 September 2012. Dr. Bajajtalked about the kind of work the CPS has been doing and highlighted the similarities of the nature of work between VKIC and CPS. He emphasized the need of undertaking demographic studies and using modern tools like GIS in enhancing and bringing more clarity and understanding the data and facts related to population distribution, resource availability, etc. Dr. Bajajexplained the advantage of such studies in correlatin g various data in understanding ethnographic profile, distribution and life of various tribal communities, which is a focus area of VKIC. Interaction with intellectuals Dr. Bajajalso met several intellectuals of Assam

and discussed with them about Infiltration- the burning problem of Assam. About twenty intellectuals participated in the discussion. Interaction atShanti Sadhana Ashram, Basistha E a r l i e r in th e m o r n in g , Dr. Bajaj interacted with the w o r k e r s of S h a n t i Sadhana Ashram , B a s is th a who were associated with the relief work at Kokrajhar. Yoga-Based Programme organized by VKIC Apart from the monthly programme on yoga training, VKIC also conducted m any yoga b a s e d programmes for v a r i o u s organizations at their request. A Yoga- based Programme was organised for the PGDBM students, Assam Institute of Management for the duration of one week from 11 to 17 September 2012. It was conducted by Shri Deepok Chouhan and Shri Nayan Dutta. Seventy students participated in the Programme. Organized for the Police at Police Reserve from 1 to 10 September 2012 and again from 10 to 27 September 2012. The programme was conducted by Shri Kamala Kanta Deka. Yoga in Stress M an ag e m e n t at Tata Consultancy Services was conducted by Smti Bharati Nandi and Shri Subhabrata Mukherjee on 17 September 2012. Programme was organized for PGCIL (Power Grid Corporation of India Ltd.) at their NEI Training Centre, Misa, Nagaon from 26 to 28 July, 2012 and at their Shillong premises from 22 to 24 July, 2012. Program was conducted by Smti Biva Choudhary and Smti Swapna Goswami at Handique Girls College from 29 to 31 August and another from 1,

WS GII(
3 to 4 September, 2012. A book exhibition was also organised at the college premises. Another Book Stall was set up at the Gauhati Commerce College from 8 to 10 September, 2012

emdetter

solution. He also pointed out that this is not the occasion to fritter away our energy in trivial matters and internal difference as the problem that we face is serious in nature and it needs the participation from all those concerned members of the society. He requested the intellectual community of Assam to take initiate action in this regard. Another suggestion that have come up in the discussion is the need to re-look the existing land revenue policies of Assam. It could help in certain extent in reducing the conflict arising out of land encroachment, protecting the land rights of ethnic communities and at the same time, ensuring adequate rights for other Indian communities residing in the region and vicinities.

Visit of Shri Tarun Vijay Shri Tarun Vijay, Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha, visited VKIC and interacted with the intellectual community of Guwahati related to the unrest and violence in the Kokrajhar area on his way back from the violence affected area. He was accompanied by Shri Sudhir Pathak, Editor, Vivek (A Marathi daily). In the discussion at VKIC, everyone expressed concern about the violence and unrest unfolding in the area of ethnic community. They deliberated on the causes and implications of the unrest and ways and means to prevent its repetition. Everyone unanimously agreed that illegal migration from the neighboring country posed a greater threat to not only to the area of ethnic communities but to entire Assam and subsequently to the integrity, peace and stability of the country. P articipants pointed out the m u lti dimensional failures in preventing the illegal migration, sealing of borders, deportation of those identified as illegal migrants and the encouragement they receive from vested interest groups including political parties. Some pointed out the difference of interests existing between the other communities and Bodos in the BTAD area with the Bodos being the dominant community. Shri Vijayji pointed out it is high time dialogue is initiated between the communities to sort out the differences and tackle the greater problem. He called for greater unity and cooperation from all those are concerned with these problems to implement effective

(For a brief analysis of the BTAD Crisis, See Magazine Section) Relief Work undertaken at the riot affected area of Kokrajhar

A team of 11 members from Vivekananda Kendra, Kanyakumari visited three relief camps near Kokrajhar on 19 August, 2012 and interacted with the inmates and distributed essential materials in the relief camps worth ' 1.5 lakhs. The relief camps were Kakrikola Pundibari and Taraibari. But the basic amenities are seen to be lacking in the camps. A deep-rooted fear psychosis appear to have dominated the minds of the inmates of the camps. Proposed Project on LoktakLake The proposed study on Loktak Lake of Manipur, intends to explore the cultural significance of the lake and the

Forthcoming VKIC Publications : Aspects of Land Policy in Assam: Continuity and Change

dependence of people living in and around the Lake for livelihood. The study is to be carried on by Dr. Wahengbam Sushma, ResearchAssociate of VKIC. The Loktak is the largest freshwater lake in the northeast India and covers 60 percent of the total identified wetlands of Manipur state. The Lake altogether comprises of about 20 small and large lakes. The Lake is declared as a Ramsar Site and listed in March, 1990 as a wetland of International significance. Believed to have been formed in times when human beings and the gods cavorted and enthralled together, the lake is closely associated with the history and culture of the people of Manipur and c o n s i d e r e d a f o u n t a i n h e a d of m yths, legend s, rom anc es, literary writings, theatrical works, dance, paeans etc. The most characteristic feature of Loktak Lake and associated wetlands is the presence of floating biomass, locally called Phumdi, occupying almost half the lake area. Local people built huts known as Phumshangs on these Phumdis and used as temporary shelter when they go for fishing and for those who does not own a land, these Phumshangs are their permanent home. Under the aegis of saving and protecting and conserving Loktak, the Government of Manipur now has carried out an eviction drive of the Phumdis. This prop ose d study would also look into the developmental work undertaken by the Government, its implication on the life of the people living in and around the Lake from the perspective of water rights, water m anagem ent, common property rights, livelihood and sustainable development. Project Report on Barat: A Microcosm of the world of the Tiwas Under the Scheme for the Award of Fellowships to Outstanding Persons in the Field of Culture from the Department of Culture, Govt. of India, one of our Research Associates- Smti Julie Barooah is doing an

extensive study on the Barat- a ceremony associated with the Tiwa community of the Plains of Assam. Barat is celebrated at the foothills of Tetelia Village in the Morigaon District of Assam on the full moon night of the winter month of December/ January in the presence of 'King' of Tetelia. Barat is also called Usha Barat or Kumari Puja (Virgin Worship) as it involves the worship of four virgin girls. Along with the ritualistic aspect, Barat is associated with a performative legacy of songs, dance including masked dance and music. Even though the ceremony is exclusively held at Tetelia, the whole community participates, each having specific clan-based, village-based and kingship-based roles to play in the ceremony.

Within the period from October 2011 to March 2012, the following work has been done: Demographic Survey of the Tetelia Village Documented some of the Material culture objects associated with the Barat festival like the Masks, Musical Instruments and the Costumes . Case Studies of Artist and Performers

Punya tithi of Shri Tarun Chandra Goswami The punya tithi of Shri Tarun Chandra Goswami, son of Smt. Bama Sundari Devi and Shri Hemchandra Goswami, a noted literary figure of Assamese language was observed at VKIC on 6 September 2012. Shri Tarun Chandra Goswami donated the land for the VKIC building w hich was named as 'Pandit Hemchandra Goswami and Bama Sundari Goswami Bhawan'. A bhajan sandhya was conducted on the occasion which was attended by the representatives of the family of Shri Tarun Chandra Goswami and the participants of the yoga varga.

Swami Vivekananda Sardha Shati Samaroh: Work in North East India Swami Vivekananda Sardha Shati Samaroh (150th Birth Anniversary Celebration) work in North East India will be organised in five Prants- Arunachal Pradesh; Manipur; Tripura ; Dakshin Assam- Barak Valley and Mizoram Uttar Assam- Brahmaputra Valley, Meghalaya and Nagaland. Workshops for D istrict level teams was organised in all the above five Prants and at present, preparations at the Sub- divisional level is going on. A total of 184 team leaders were present to understand and plan different Programmes at District level. Minute planning is done at different levels so that we can reach out to all villages and maximum number of houses. Workshops at Uttar Assam Prant was organised at three places- Guwahati, Dibrugarh and Tezpur. Printing of different books is also going on. Translation of thirty-two books in Assamese is already being done and eight books have been published. Translation of Complete works of Swami Vivekananda is also in the process. Drama A drama on the life and works of Swami Vivekananda was staged at Rabindra Bhawan, Guwahati on 3 September, 2012 and presented by Radhika Creations of Nagpur. The play written by Shubhangi Bhadbhade is being directed by Sarika Pendse and produced by Ravindra Sangwai and Pratap Guruji.

date has performed more than 60 shows across the country. Radhika Creations had performed in Guwahati on the invitation of Vivekananda Kendra, Assam Prant and the Bharat Vikas Parishad who are jointly organising the shows in Assam. Besides staging in Guwahati, the group also performed at Mangaldoi, Jorhat, Tezpur, Golaghat and at Nalbari.

MAGAZINE SECTION
BTAD Crisis: A Brief Analysis The communal clash in Bodoland Territorial Autonomous Districts (BTAD) areas triggered off after gunmen attacked two student leaders in Mugubari in Kokrajhar district on 26 July 20 12 . Following with the k i l l i n g of f o u r form er Bodo m il it an ts at Nampara and soon after counter killings of non-Bodos and Bodos spread to other districts like Chirang, Dhubri andUdalguri. Since the 1990s frequent clashes between the Bodos or the indigenous inhabitants and the immigrants across the border in Bangladesh have taken place on and off. The first clash between the Bodos and the migrant Muslims took place way back in 1952 when efforts were made by the migrant Muslims to merge Goalpara to the newly created East Pakistan. In 1993-94 another major clash between the two took place over the signing of first Bodo Accord in 1993. Again in 2008 the two communities clashed in the Udalguri district of the BTC area. Although the violence has been termed as "ethnic", the genesis of this simmering tension is not just "ethnic identity" but compounding problems of livelihood, presence of militants, extortions, easy availability of fire arms both among the surrendered militants and also among the common citizens, porous border, lack of governance in BTAD areas, frail policy planning, population pressures, land rights, power

As a precursor to the celebration of the 150th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda from the beginning of next year, Radhika Creations has been moving around the country staging this play and till

Forthcoming VKIC Publications : Eastern India-Iconographic Details

struggle and so on. The foundational problem is the illegal migration from Bangladesh. The demographic influx is a cause for concern among the indigenous people. In fact, the Law Commission of India in its 175th Report has mentioned that the entry of illegal migrants and other undesirable aliens into India has posed a grave threat not only to our democracy but also to the security of India, especially in the eastern part of the country and Jammu and Kashmir. It further says the problem has attained gigantic proportions as is evident from an estimated population of about 18 million foreigners living unauthorizedly in India. This has aggravated the employment situation and has distorted the electoral roles in some state. The undesirable activities of foreigners include smuggling of narcotics, drugs, spreading terrorism and other such activities. It is, therefore, of utmost importance to devise full proof administrative measures such as border fencing, modernized electronic surveillance system as well as an effective legislation to deal with the menace. Inherent fear psychosis exists among the Bodos of losing their identity, land, forest and other scarce resources to the ram pantly growing m igrant populations. Evidences of the illegal migrants having acquired ration cards, obtained various jobs and got enlisted in electoral roles by suppressing their identities with the help of local touts, unscrupulous officials and even politicians are common. On the other hand, the creation of Bodoland Territorial Council (BTC), where several areas or villages having non-Bodos clubbed together with the Bodoland and the disproportionate allocations of seats in BTC has led to a sense of deprivations among the non-Bodos and Muslim community who claim themselves as Indians rather than as Bangladeshi. The trust deficit among the Bodos and the nonBodos has been taken up as their agenda by student politics, militants groups and party politics to their own advantage. The end manifestation is the communal clash. Assam com munal killings reflect ethnic nationalism enmeshed with illegal migrations and vote bank politics. Short term solutions could be intervention by the state government, curtailing violence by deploying paramilitary forces, engaging

civil organisation in maintaining peace, sensitive media reporting and so on. What is more important is finding a permanent/long term solution to these deep rooted problem by engaging in proper dialogue that holds room for accommodation of differences in opinion. Political parties should look beyond their schema of vote banks and work towards a uni dimensional solutions. Continual denial of dealing with this prime issue of illegal migration and ethnic nationalism will only heighten the conflict and will lead to recurring clashes which is unproductive for the state. Until and unless stringent law has been taken up to check the infiltration of the illegal migrants, problem will persist and this in turn will cause security problem to the country as a whole. Book Review The Main Ceremonies of the Khasi Pages: 45 Price:' 100/ ISBN: 978-81-923518-0-3 Written By: K.S. Marbaniang, Sitimon Sawian and Wallamphang Roy Translated by: Bijoya Sawian Foreword: Dr. Joram Begi

I) I

Ceremonies are important genres of social custom of every culture of the world. The term ceremony may include both the rituals associated with rites of passage and other religious rituals with worships and sacred ceremonies. The present book deals with three major ceremonies prevalent amongst the Khasi of Meghalaya namely, the name-giving ceremony, the marriage ceremony and the death ceremony which are narrated in three separate articles written by Kwor Shon Marbaniang, and Sitimon Sawian and Wallamphang Roy respectively. These articles are rendered into English by Bijoya Sawian the well-known author of Shadow Men. The Khasi is a group of people belonging to the Austroloid family which may be termed as IndoAustroloid group. This group of people bears a rich cultural heritage. But without the English renderings on such fields, it would have been difficult to know and understand their cultural heritage and richness and the relation between the tribal and the non-tribal people. Hence, the present book carries immense value.

Forthcoming VKIC Publications : Quest (Vol. VI. No.2, 2013) Them e: Education in Ancient India: Focus North East India

\ 5 f2 D (^eim ldter
Published by the renowned Vivekananda Kendra Institute of Culture, Guwahati, the book contains 38 pages, besides the Index (3 Pages), profile of the writers (2 Pages), a note on Swami Vivekananda's 150th Birth Anniversary Celebrations Sardh Shati Samaroh (3 Pages), about Vivekananda Kendra Institute of Culture (1 Page), about VKIC Publications (3 Pages) and photographs of the ceremonies of the present Book. Even though the book is small in size, it will definitely help the common readers and researchers alike. As such, the writers and the translator as well as the publisher have contributed a lot towards the field of culture. Secondly, the 'Foreword' of the book written by Dr. Joram Begi has enriched the present book. Thirdly, the Publishers Note has also illustrated the significance and objective of the project through which the present book has come into being. I like to convey my thanks to Bijoya Sawian who has taken this painstaking work with a wide and deep cultural aptitude. The lucid and interesting style of presentation makes the book worthy of reading not only for scholars but also for all. Culture is Universal. In every culture such type of ceremonies are noticed. As such human thought and works and social and religious performances are similar. The ceremonies that take place in the present book are also universal. Moreover, human mind in all cultures of the world are similar. I think this book will help in strengthening the cultural relation between the Khasis and other tribal or non-tribal people of the world. The book may be smaller in size but bigger in contents, ideas and thought. I hope the institution will take necessary steps to bring out such types of books on other tribal cultures of Assam in future also. Nabin Ch. Sarma
Form er Professor and HoD, Folklore Research, Gauhati University

In today's trajectory of research, activism, planning and academic discourse, women's issues plays a pivotal role. Its basis appears to be the 'deprivation syndrome'- a perception that women everywhere have always been and continue to face 'discrimination'; that they have been robbed off their due 'rights'. Doubtless, the traditional practices that have helped shape women's role, women's dignity seem to be in constant contradiction with the contemporary ideas of so-called democratisation, w om en's individuality and women's liberty. Multivariate factors such as decaying of indigenous values, globalization, complex changing roles, attitudes, undermining of collective life, have heightened the contradictions often leading women and society per se to forget that women are the ones who actually empower. Hence, a need to re-sensitized our entire society, and particularly women, to their roles and responsibilities towards safeguarding individual-collective interest of which women are an indivisible part. These dynamics need to be understood; its manifestation, visible in the North east, as elsewhere, are shared in this volume of Quest through the articles contributed by Prof. Lokesh Chandra, Kum. Nivedita Bhide, Sri S. Gurumurthy, Smt. Bijoya Sawian, Prof. Shiela Bora, Dr. Wahengbam Sushma Devi, Dr. R. C. Borpatragohain, Dr. Bandana Bhuyan and Sri Bhaskar Jyoti Barthakur. The editorial by Prof BB Kumar, Chief Editor, Quest and Member, Research Advisory Council, VKIC, offers illum inating insights on w om en-centric discourse in India and is highly thought-provoking.

To

Quest Volume VI. No. 1 Pages: 139 Price:' 150/ The latest issue of Quest- the researchbased Journal of VKIC was released in July 2012. The theme of this volume is Women of Northeast India: Issues and Challenges - II.
From : Vivekananda Kendra Institute o f Culture,
R iv ersid e, U za n Bazar, M .G . Road, G u w a h ati-7 81001 Ph. 0 3 6 1 - 2 5 1 0 5 9 4 , 2 7 3 6 9 4 5 L M a i l : I 'k i c i i C '1; i n a i l . c o i n

Published by : T h e Secretary , V K IC , G uw ahati-1 Editorial Team :

K u m S u ja th a N ayak , S m ti Ju lie B a ro o a h , W ah en g bam S u sh m a D ev i, S ri R a je s h N a ir & S ri H em en D ek a