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OI NEPIBOHTE' :YNOHKEE THE ZupixngKcrrrou ovivouonoreocv or mS urroypo(png Kor yrcrUrcr rcuS rouoxrorov 2Oericr, Kol ouprreprolrcrvogevou rou xpvou erooLngnrv roupxrxv uvolreov ornv Knpo,neiocrvrnopcrOeong or Kolrooo voouleurrxenineooo xcrrxcuorn npKerorns excrorore npoexoyxngneprou. Aev uncrpxerxc4ncrc4r<ploicr pe ug u oulrEoviegouresyro nprn Eopon Knpog xprzrcrv crvefcrprnro xpcuog.f)oroo xove ro npovpro,ef,,oniogrng Un npoenuxovo rruo.S envrxvxuepvnoeov, erlorov qen8eictuoro qrneroUo f.E. rou OHE, rng pe ro onoio crvefcrprnrouornOnxcrv orroror Nieg.Oi ouprpr'rvieg Zupixng - Aovivoueixcrvyiver evcr xpvo nprv. Knr ourn n Uop(pn crvef,,crprnronoinong nou npoccnov ouptpt-rvics, rnv nopouoio or Ue rc,rvrprv eyyunrprv uvcrlreovEncrg - M. Bperoviog,oiyoupo ev nrov Toupxicrg yrcr n xcrrepn rn rcropcrron olrong rng nopeicrg veouNpcnoug. rou To npoouNupof,rxnnUorns xovrcrg xoro rou o.pxremornou Moxopiou ooero npoxqro ornv Toupxio vo erooer oro vnoi. ooctrtovouptpt-rvtv. Aev Bo erve pc.rg flpooxnpo-ov unnpro xe n npBeon- Kor ptcr roo opyovopevn npooNcxorcr;
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yrcr xovr-ig Aryotr n v qrovrozrov ev eivor ropo cvo loropio ooxnpn pcll(puKol orceitlroBeorprx cpyo, rtc Bcrxcncrcrcuve oe pepxg ou ug crnerpeg u npcrf,erg, uou rcrxovror Ulcrrnv on otn n ornv oNnvn, unopxer pro ooqovepnovroolrpro xc[crvolrn rr,rvpr,rv. nopornpouoenon, oo oS crUroxos Beorngornv rlcrreio, u oe noo on ro npoouo rou polrorogneerer cpug o pogyro roug cbpoug roug, ev u, crvriOero, orr<np.vo ro oxnvoBern unycriverro rovro on xonotov t'ctxtott-rv outo. on ,ro on ro,<crrxnUvor npoornorou m xnr KurrproKoupoporog, ylcr vcr eOou1re f^f 5*.t rng oLonpoxcigcvo.hrov o cOvopxng Meyoovnoou.<Arxio> nou ev unycrzereorcr crurn onon xouorou oporou ornvo0ern, xonorcrE uuepouNnEvopng, oAo on ournv neptolcroetr-rv: rnv ito rn ouyxupio tu-rv <Kupio.pxogncrpnyovrcrg ornv Ioropio eivor n Avcryxn>(<Geschichteist das Reich der Notwendigkeit>) roxupizeroto H. Marcuse oro epyo rou <O povoroororog ov0pouog>.Pnon iloD, ornv nepinroon rouqxrorovrou McrNcrpiou, goiveror rr cnonOcucrot Tnv loroplKn on epnerpio. Ir-t ixo rnv cvluoon tr tjxo xnBci vo t t t t l pro ouznrnou-r uon rou Kuuproxou Nor ff f{, oxr vcl DnoYpoqrur eoersor rpcrs o.u *-l r<uepvnoerg ono<pooiocne. Epvereoe nou Me uoNonBeon.orov lrou crc "Af,ourn oupqrovicrn onpprryernv"... Ilpoono0noo vu rrreepo pepxg ooyeg,oo ev Drrnpxe tn opxcrgxpvogvo l;ccrnot'-r oupqovior. yrcr Anrooyio nou 8q upooero Mcrxctprog rn ouvoiveon rou oug oulrrpoviegZupixng-ovivou pspes rou @epoucrpiou '59 rou xorcrug porpo.ieg (|I. R. Stephens,Cyprus: A Place of Arms, Aovivo 1966, 165). o. "orrrrtrloolcl Lurv fleploLooe(l)v)'. rou T ff nr-prproe oroprpronrnro rov f*{ Kuupro nyctn oc cvo pAo 'J. J' xopLotrrorx eurepoyc,rvrorn, nrov pcog exeivn nou onynoe Kol rnv eorrn neupcr povpopo prcrg oro oulrqrt'-rviog. pc^ovo onpcicrrng onoioEnro.v ro nn o.nrre oporcr.O xivuvog trrrcrg povopepous svepyeroson rnv ueupcrrng vo. Ayyiog, qv ev uuoypcrrpovrcrv ouptptovieg, or ro uonornoer oxeroMoxpiov Kol vo. npoxopnoer oe pro on rxorpnongrns Kupou, nrcrvalreoog.Ot <pot eniong rng eorrngneupogu n olroyeveroornv Toupxio (uou crpr8pooe Bo rre oKIronspirou 100.000) on ttg ouvenelS oyovov tt-rv Dnceepc ronpoyporeuoeovev nrcrv(nog onoeix8nxe Evov on rnv r<pionrou 1963)roucroor1ror. yro nrcorrN ncrpcryovro rnv rrc oxr Aryrcpo xuepvnon rou Kcov.Kopopovn orotetrouoe Ncn ro upotpcno eNoyrxonoreoporou 1958nou pc noooot eixc ovocif,ct. vo npr'-rryvopo 24,42To, Aprorepo (E^A) oro Norvooueuuxo rnv epovorng of,rcopouxngcrvnnoireuong. rcog.nopoyovrcr T:T vov orroeooroTrK. turv S{ ((orDQpovlououu uo croipov orn NA n,.puyo rou NATO. rng.Eoog rns Kor J*3 ToupNicrg, npener vo crnoreoov or Bcr xot (ncrporveoers> OuooryKrov,n ouoio eene rng u oo ncrporervrov r<piontou Kunproxou roo n neproorepo xepropvogyorve o peytrog, rre, ovrinoog,n Eo. Evtoon. ru eivqr ro en4ruBro,ro icrygoon rn ovropn ourn ovcrpo1rn UoSoro nope8v:u, nprov, ro porrnE Ioropiog rpxerpe roug rxoug rou puBpoug.trrol, oug ov yro Ncrnoroug ppeggog, nepioo xtrr ncrt prcrg cAnvo-toupNrxng npoocyylonspo rnv <ucrpcriveon> ulepor,\.ovuxng npoorcnroE, rng eucrvoopoveror Ioropio, ylcl tov roroprx ev n ouoreeiro onpeprverurorctpo rn ouvxero epyou. ornv iro npof,n rou Or-orprxou {-oTup^os rou Kunprou ncplopropr-vog /\ to f f c0vopxn. flou ouvr-oe pnvul-rorrov tt ^otpru TouKcnxorooe n nortxn L/ eivcrrn rxvn rou eelKroD, ororelei 1rog onpspcl Yl(r ucls, trou Yrvopoor0poplupss ulos notrxng tproof, opropevcov iog oNcrrpng repcrpxvpog, Kor vo prpo ouyxprong. Mro c n r e o i t - r o n Sr o r o p r K nc p n r - t p i o t t n r s g reonqritrev nepropizeror crvcrxpovrorlKn pvov ornv enoxn rou Iourovourou llopootn n rou ov Krxr,xn, ol,cronoreei Eorvpevo ro.xoovrN. Qaiav Maryxong

oKoprosKol Kopopcrvng tprnBnNcv>! Enereux0n oulrEotvio (!) rneypotpouoov percrrnv urroypoqn rorv ouUeovrdv oro Aovxoorep Xoouz un' ro Aovivo, o1rocog oug 20-2-1959. og xornyyeeo K. MnroorcrKnsorn Boun pro eopoo Kr ctpytepou <...ro rnv enireuf,rvrcovXupqrovrv crurovexpno4ronoinoevn Eog "ro urorAr ergrov xproEov" rou E0vopxou...>(llpoxuNcr Boung,27-2-1959). <Anoocne Apeoorgpercrrnv unoypcren,o Mor<piov rneypo<pei euxctoicr: orn nowcrs rous Kpcrroupevous). Knpror opxizouv rous novnyuprolrousKor uS Or xocovoxpouoieE. Ernv ABnvq, rprs Llepeg o.pyrepo, orn ouvepicron NO' (23-2-1959) Boung,o rng npepgrng K. f. Ponouog r<oei rov Kcrpolrovnoro npo yro <ovo.xorvoerg eni rou Kunpror<o Oprorog>. Mrgopxroe rnv oypeuon rou o Kopolrov),ng,n crvunoireuonxor0eoeoro npoepeiouo xorproreg rrporooers uonrorioE<...rcr rnv ev yver roxeiprorvrou (crpxnyou Kunprcrxou zrunpc[os) U uS unoypoEgrr,tvE. Bevrzeou @reeuBpr,rv),Mcpxezivn, E. Xreqrovnouou, Torprpxou... Kot Ue rrg E. H. unoypoggrov L floocrin (upoepouE^A), A. Mnproxn, B. Erpporpin, Er. Hrnouou... trror Ercrvoulre ornv nepirpnpn ouvepioon E' rng 25ng @epoucrpiou 1959pe npro o1nrnn rov XorpoxLn BevrzAo. O opxnyg rorv @reeuBepcov perof,u ncov: eiue <...reptororor Kcveis, rori eni 4 ern ouvernpnBn o npotixg oyrirvrng EOKA, upog tt ctt toot Ouoiot,or ouoyxovropoi.or rtif,erg. epflpnolloi Nor or orxovoprxoi or Ncncrorpo<po.i, seoov n xupvnorsruo onoqoorolrevn vcrexBn roDSToupKousro rng o8eionguoeiog ouyKupropxous rng vnoou... oS eni H xupvnorgrcrreBvoug npof,eolgonnpnnov ergro rnvexgrnv evroorv rnE KunpouUe rnv Eoo... ...Yneypoqrolrev rnv ouooepevnvovsfioprnoiov... ...H Nupvnotgtenpof,exor oo repoorrovotpopo,ex8eioo rnv ncrpcrxpnorv ooeov rSroDSAyyougge NupropxrNo crurvrxcrrciporo... en' ...Kproroueuroi,ev Beco eipor pcvrng Noxv. llpoeuo, pog, u or vo unoypoqreioo.r EupEcovior onoerx8n ev rn eeopUoyn rov, tr ev eivo.r16o4ror 0o Kor npenu v' ovorponov,oog nou tpoou1rcrr, BcrBpnvnocopev u veos s0vrKog oDpQopcrs...). ANoouBnoe Ereqrovog o Xre<povnouog: <...Me rog Eupqrrrvictg Kctrctepclllev iov ooopv nnypo xoro rng ouvBnxng tng t-rzovng. onoio tnoqoAtzcro novLo Loxo0eoLc..rg.onoiov eixev onoppeuoer n ro rov trrercr rcqreropvrng OBopovrKng ADroKporopiog.To npoypcr pc'rgiotog vcr pn exn onpooiov onUspov.Auprov pog oueigyvrrpizer uou npnopei vcrUoSonynon xouore eire ro ro OUoro rov Nnoorv eire r' oo.ecupn rrc4lcrioorg op0pou n rou 16 rng ouv8nKngrns Aozovng...,,. E. Mo.pxezivng:<...Eivor euxorepovvo erpoppooOn Korroren Iloneio rou llo.rr,rvog, rropo ro Evroytrro rng Zupixng...>. llttpporo rucIVKcn n Oon rorv o1unrv rng trA. Kor o enioyog: (EqJneroov ev ro2BB.trinov NAI orcrE (npepoS): K. PonouoS nporcroerg uonroriog 118.Eiuov OXI 170...Kqro roro n Boun eyKpiverrog Euprpoviog Zupixng-ovivou>. Nixog BaSfrtapnaong

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0 revrprxg ppog 14q vorxounnBuopourng vnoou. rn opn, ro Acyeoo. E' ,u crEopcr rorxnrrxn xnr NorvouNn Ie odx4po pouooulrovrxororxeio rng Knpou nrcl ncrvrcr ro xcr190orrirvo cropycrvcopevo. roupxoxporiog crnoreouoe Eni rnv rcrf,n, evcir uu ro percrvrxonorxrcrNxcr4 ouppiroo4crpxouocr rov o 0eorg n roupKoKurrpro.xn perovrnro rornpnoe ro K0tv0TrlTov xorpror pouooupovoroupxrx xopoxrnpo rng Kor un{p{eopori ug oorxeg rorxnrrxgopeg.H pou<preio, ouoe vepycroiope rn crxou<prxn roixnon, ouvexloe vo croxei nveulrcnrxn xcrr rorr<nrrxn rxoroooicr,evo o xong rornpnoe moolxg opporrnreg ovo(poprxcr pe rnv e(pclppoynrou roolnNou vpou. H pouEreio nrov euiong oppro yro Oporonoreiogrng xorvrnrcrg ornv Knpo exiovrov o.pKsrcg xor roupxrxg eEnpepiegnog n <Borcrv> xor crpyrepo n <Xcrxiv Eeoi>.Erougxnougtng roupKoKDnproKns perovrnrog unnpxov opxeroi peyooyoroxrnpoveg, pe enrpponxor notrxn rox. Emueov,n perovrxn roixnon eyNcrBipuoe Nopo8enx EulrouLro oro ouoio n roupKoKulprcrxnperovtnro eKrrpoooouvrcrvUs rpergovunpoocbnoug. ovunpoconor Or ouroi, uorgt<ot or 9 trAnvoxnpror exnpoconorn roucurSr. cNr-yovrov uS ovriororxcg oilo xorvornrgroug(nepov rorvcrrperveNupoonr,iv uo rcov Korvorruov oro Xqrouro unnperooov xor 6 ropr-

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opvor Bperovoi ovroror uncrAnor). H eBvoBpnoNeuuxn roqroponoinonperof,u rng xproucrvrKng envor<unproxng r<or rng rootrrrxng roupKoKurlproKngxorvrnroE nrov uovrcr eopevn xcrr ornprzrov oe npcrypcnrxo eo1rvo, o.oxor oro oBr'rpcrvrN ouornpo r(vprer nou eqoppornxe eui roupxoxporiog(1571-1878). oorxegouvrorOr oeg rou xoBeorrogrng Beoprxng Kor KorvovrKng roEoponoinonsrov o xorvornrov rornpnBnNe, Kcu v uooigevroxu8nxe, on rn perovrxn ouorxrcrNnroixnon (1878-1960). Eivor eniong eopevo tr n ipuon rou envrxoxporoug ro 1830oyro roreoenAo ef,ngxcrronpeio ovogopcrg rous trnvegrng Krpou, or ouoior npoooNouoov ornv eoqrrNn rorxnrrxn evrof,n rous ornv Eoo. rcrr Acrxor n nproupyio rng Toupxrxng npoxporiog percrf,u 1-rero 1923onynoeoe ovrioroxeg rcroerg rov pe v rng roupKoKunproKns KorvoTruog, crnoreeopo on ug opxgrng exoericrg 1920vo elr(povrrou oroDv or npror r<epon<oi eBvu<rouxoi nupnveg orouExuougrng xorvrnrosourns. fJoroo,no.po

IIg nro uovr,rrcrqoponornoerg, eivcrr crvcqrqronrnro yeyovgu or oxeoergperof,u rtw uo xorvornrcov ncrpepcvov xoeg,rouoxlorov pexpr rnv vopf,nrou ovuonotxroxo oycbvorng EOKA oro poo rng eNoeriogrou 1950.Or Kupror,crvef,crprnrcog Bpnoxeupe FcrrogKor eBvrNrnrog,nrnv orevcrouveelrevor ro vnoi rous Kor porpozovrov nooxorvo KUrIproKo uonrouNcrororxeio, ncrpcroerg, nBn Nor 8rpo. ILov orxovoptx xor cpyooroxLopeo ouvcpyooto n rucff orevn xor eni xo8npeprvngoong. Touoxrorov Uexpr ro 1963,or Kupror oreexcovov rot- i on voD rcr ouvrr<orouro pyovo. rou vnorou, Ue r0 AKtr^ vo ooxei onpovuxn emppon eni rov ToupKoKunprov epycuv.Or Toupxoxurrpror,orn peyon roug neroqrnqio, yvprzcrv rnv envrNnror vog pouoou.\povor. oe$oorgoprOpgnrov envrporvor rc'-rv Xro noioro our, or orperoi exnpoconor o xorvornrcovoro NopoBerx Eulrouroouvepyorov ornKcrv xor npoci8noov on Kolvou otrnUclTcr ropoo. xqroiKcv vnooD,xupit'-rg rng orov orKovoprKo Ooroo, n erxvcrc[Jrn TnSouvepycroiog opxroevo

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oorvero.r ororoxoon ro 1903,rov or Enveg cwrupocolor roruniooov,yro nprn tpopo, oro NopoBeuxEutrrouro oirnpcr yrcrEvoon pe rnv ro Eoo. Aev opynoe vo nproupynBei,oroug Nrrous Nopo8euxo Eupouiou, rou roupxoperovrr prorno,xoOrilgn evroon rr,rv evcorrrcivrer<rxnoeov eoroe rnv euxnrpio ous onolKrcrKes opxog vo Oeopo0ernoouv e8vrr<o0pnoxeuux rov roxoprop perof,u rrov uo xunproNv Korvorruov,rrcrpoTpuvovros Topxoug toug ovrrnpooonoug cxgpovo oouvrnv uvriOeonrous npos rnv EvcoonKor vo znTnoouv enrorpoqrn Knpou ornv O8colrovrxn rnv rng Auroxporopicr, nepintoon repporropournE peoe rcrvrKng Kcrroxns.tug 10-12 exeppiou 1918, n roupKoKurrploxn nyeoio ropyovcooe E0vrx Euvepto(Meclisi MiIIi) orn Aeuxc,roio, onoio onoro rpooroe ipuon rou <ToupxrNouEBvrxou Euprnv ouiou>ornv Knpo Ncrr onorere unlrvnpo orov Ayyo noro crppoornznrvrog rn ouvxton rng percvrxngxoroxng. Apvnrrxn eniong urnpf,e n ovripcronrr,rv Toupxoxunpicovornv ef,eyepon

rcov El,nvorv oupucnprr,nv roug evclriov rng cryyrxng Kcrroxns Oxrpro rou 1931. rov llopoeryporrzpevoron toug Envoxunpioug, yro rnv no[rr<n xcrr eBvrNn enou cryr,rvizovrov eu0epicr roDS, Toupxoxunproropxroov vo.ouvror nronorouvr<rr outoi, yrcrnprn gopo, rn roEopeuxn eOvrxn roug rourrnto Kol vct eurrxouv eupDrpnoupperoxn oug nonrr<eg rns unoOeoerg vnoou. Ef,oou,n enrxpornon rou xeporopoornv ToupNicrev roug crEnoeo.roEopoDs, onoreeUe uo opo on w 7923xo.rpero vo eptpcrvrorov ro<popeuxg rooergorougxnougrng roupKoKulprclxng xorvrnrcrg. unoornprxrg rou xeporopou Or ro ornv Knpo oxnlrcnrocrv eBvrxroux <Kppo rou Metonou> nou peref,eixBnxe eepeeooe EBvrr<o vo rng Ayxupcrg.H nptn roopxrxn egqrepio pe orrvrxog xcrpoKrnpS epqroviornNeornv Knpo ro 1931.Evo xpvo vcopirepo,ef,eynyro uprn Eopo oro NopoBeux Eupourovog Toupxor<unprog xepcrrNg, Neroori Ozx.v, nou nrov enio ong o exnpooros ornv Knpo rou oiNou Peuou-)

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purxovrxo Kpporog rou Kep.}, Aroropx. An rnv crl,n ni'eupo., or moroi pouooutrpovornrqv ovriBeroroug xeporxgperoppuBpioelsKcrrsmOu1rooov no.popeivouv vo. uu perovrx xo0eorg, rornpdlvrog Bpnoxeuuxn opn rousKor uS rn rooluxeg opxgroug. H eurepn ourn olroo.eixe ouyKpornoeroyyEroxppo (ingilizciler) pe enixevrpo rn pouEreio, rn oxoutprr<n roir<nonxor rov xon rng Knpou. Or ouvrnpnrrxoi quroi perovqror Toupxoxuupror eixqv oe peyoo o8p cryyonornOeixor nrov ouyxevrpc,rlrvor eur<ooicr orn oq xor ornv neproxn rng lkrEou. H noporof,n ourn crpxroevcr xover, nonrxo, ogog pe oponpo rnv qnoruxio rou opxnyou rng Kor reuBuvrnrou EBKAO Eep Mexlrer Mouvop vo exLeyei oro NopoSenx Xulroui.roxoro ug exoyeg 1930. roD An ug opxeg rng er<oeriog 1940,or xepo.\lrou

p{{x\r* { scr,$ctxffi Jv$}ffi xecxw ffix ryrr**ffi ${ffi *{r$ r$;** fi F crr'r gxffi i: yffi {3#'3#*K1${ffi nffi Kw$"a{3r:xrxemc.,$q,xxxmw ffiq ffiffi *x uru*gx &,} e.t K{:trffi##T*r}Tsq vGbdKtl{3w #w*{ffiq tr$}q Kffd

xoi, uopo rnv crvripoon rcovpercrvrNvopxv, eiepogrng Kuuprcrxngnpoxporiog, oro rpicr xpvro xov ueovxcuoEeper oi.oouv rcrouvrnpnuxo xovo. nou enoupynoeU rnv evepy oupperoxn Kol rov orpo rng pougreiog Kor rorJEBKAO r<orvo evoouv uo xorvornrov(1960-63). evroveg Or zqrtioerg oroug to uo pcpoLo un rn oKCilnUroSLoupKoKunplclKng xnoug rng roupKoKunploKns pcrovLntog ouvexinomr<ng opyovtoong, rou KA'IAK (Eroporeio rng ornKcv pe rnv terr<neurxpornon ro 1949rov uroToupxrxng Merovrnrcrg Nnoou rng Knpou). Or rng ornprKrov rou xeporxo crixouPenoulrnu<qvrxou qroperovrxoi xux.Lor rreiornxov vo eu8uypcqrln- K14rorog, onoior xoro.gepovvo evrof,ouv roDS or rreorouv Ir rougxelrorr<oug, erern ouroi eo1rernxov proorepoug uotrxog opyovroUous xqro on rnv ovo uuoornpif,ouv ro onotxtox xoBeorgKcuvo ouppnpeo rng <Olroonoviog rov Touproxunproxrrlv pcrxnoouvU0 rous Bpercrvoug evovriov rng EvatonE. Evc'roeorv>, oroug xnoug tng onoiog f,exivnoe rnv Moovu ro KATAK 8eoeoxon rou rnv rpouonxn rou orcrropolrioo Toupxor<urprog rxnyorooio totv eOvrxdwxor Bpnoxeuur<dtv rr<orrolrctrrtv pog Paot4pNtevrcg. Orov ro 1957oveoernv nyerorv Toupxoxunpirov, yrcl rous Toupxoug eBvrxroreg oio rng, n e8vrxrouxn crurn olroonovio perorpounro orolroreio qur onoreouoecrug vo oro8p xe oe pyovo eurong rou xeporopou, xo8rbg ornv nopeio xepolonoinong rng xorvrnrcrE perof,urougxor xoBoroug. Eroxnponupnvrxoie8vrxrorg, rxrepo,n xpnon rou pou <roupxrxn perovrnrcr> nynrg oueoro1rvor ou rnv Toupxio no4 o TZeornv ovolrooio rou rrlo lrovcoooporeiou nrqv rroire- Xoprv, ef,ovuyxozov envEorvoug pouooupo orex8ng yro rous Toupr<oug povoug,r<upiogrns [eproxng rng llorpou xor rng Aoue8vrxroreg.Hrqv ooroo onogooropevorvo ouoeiEouv ro rcrxurepo pourzivog, vo prov roupxrxcr Kctrv crpvouwc[ vcr uvorv ouoronnore ovogopcroro perovoux xopoouvooooov pe Envoxunpioug. Lor Krnpo rov Toupxoxuupiotv xor, rerxo, rov Anpiho Euvopcr,or Toupr<oxupror eOvrxrorggoiveror ToD1942reruxctv rn Uerovopooio rou or'tlroreiouou- u uiezov rnv Ayxupo yro Uro nro poornpro xor urou oe <E0vrr<Toupxo-KunprqK Aoix Kppcu. vcrlrlKn rop1roon rng Toupxiog oS KDrrprcrKes eHyerx po orn ororoxn unoroyn rng roupKo- 6ei6etS. Ao n Ayxupcr eixe vo ovrrtrreronioer,oKunproKngxorvrnrog ornv Ayr<upoxol oroug eOvr- peoog pero ro rog B'Ilcryxoopiou llolpou, ug rou KrouKoug xxoug rng Toupxiog ropopouoe o exBprxeg ro8eoerg Xoreur<ng rng Evoong. To 1948, yrorpg tDoziKouroox, errng oToupxor<unprog oe toupKoKunploKn urpoou-rneio ov nou enroxtpBnrto ro 1942rng e<pnpepiog <Xoxiv Xeoi>, o ouorog K rnv Ayr<upo, o Toupxog uuoupyg Ef,onepxd.,v opyrepocpcevo unnpernocrog nptirrog ovtrnp- Nerolredv Xovrx unoypnpproe u yro rnv Toupxio

10

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tlpii "t, t I'u '\ r;'l i,illti

on rng vnoou. Ilopo ro ooopo ouorqouKoKor volnxo nponporouou owrlrermze n roupxrxn oTpc[nyrxn (or Toupr<oxuupror nrov roonoppvoroe oro pnxog xor ntrorog rng vnoou r<oronoreoocvUerovrnro oxev nowo ornv Kupo, n Toupxio ev eixe Euou<n enogn pe roug olroeOveigrng orn vnoo x.o.x.), n Ayxupcrelree npooBnoerug rexrvo xnoerg ourgpe peycro oBevogxor peBorxrnro,emxoupopevn o.nrn peror,rxn rupir,rg ruc4rorio. Ao xor orov rolro rng evonngovoprpnongn roupKoKorrproKn neupo, urroKrvoupevn qu rnv H Toupxro, ev opynoevq poornpronorn8ei. roupxoKurrproKn perovrnro opyovcooe [crpcroTpclrouKes opoeg,urogopxrro rn Boxqv Kcrrorn ouvxercr rnv TMT (Turk Mukavemet Teskilati), perof,u rc,rvrnrov xor o PooENrevpurrxrilvorelexv tng onoicrg xrcrg. H oxpoef,rcrxcrr eBvrxrouxn ourn opyovoon

Knpror KTorKol TOU Xopr0 Ileou69, pro oe oT0 QoroYpoQf0 re4 19ou rou orrirvo

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ev uuopxer xunpror<rpAnpo. xor n n Knpog rrcrpegeve perovrx orpog. llopporo. ernxelpnUorooyio npoe o nprog unoupyg Ef,r,neprxv rng xuprrnong Mewep6.g,Oornt Konpouo, oe ovunpoooneio ToupxonuprcrveOvrxrorv ro 1952. Beon ourn peron8nxe pe rnv vopf,nrou oneeuOepouxo oyvo rng EOKA rov Aupiro rou 1955.Mc m ooqn noprpuvon rov Bperovv, n Ayxupcr opxroe vo rexrxei evepypo oro rexrorvpevo ornv Knpo.Tourxpovo., oxnponupnvrr<oiToupr<oxuupror or yrvovor<1rn emBeuxoi, ef,Arf,nrou ovrovouro roror orn veo ovolrcroio-<H Knpog eivcrrToupxrrn>- rnv ouoio uroSrnoen eSvrxrouxn uo.porof,,n. Apxrxo or Toupxoxnpror oroirnoov Lnv emoLporpn rng Knpou ornv Toupxio, oe uepimoon uou 8q rvrov rogorn perovrxn xoroxn. Enern pog n ooEgpo.f,,4ro.lour<n ourn rexixnon ev eproxe vpr1ro pero1ro, xuuprox think tank rng Ayxuro pogxor ro ir4roKouroox-NrevxrogouoEooroovvo uro8ernoouv opxn rng rxorpnong(1956),ov xor rnv n roourn nrov opxrr<operovrr<ng npoeeuong... pe XupEc,rvo rnv Ayrupcr, n roupKrKn crf,,fu,ron ornprztov ornv crpxnrng noi,lu<ng rornrogntv uo xorvornrovrng Krpou, crvef,,oprnro ro pye0groug. ou H roupxrxn ueupcr uuoornprf,e tr or uo xorvtnreg eixov,eui ioorg porg,ro rxoirolro xoprorns ouroro8eong, nou ovouqeuxro 8o onyooeorn rxorpn-

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xqx m$Kse*p${{x Tnrwrlegx**{:mSffi$$*$S $$6:exmxrxx<m $ g"nmx* mefu e#Wffiffief*q $T{wffip*b*xxxqmv *K p s'Tr.!\dclp $q rK mffi r<#ipr*ei $.$ $3 m m Ye**i*{}K,$ ffi e*t*qc}

KoroxBnxe roo xoro rng EOKA oo r<orye'urxrep ro rou evomxooycivo, ev<il nopo-\ntro orxeueornv ef,ouerpoonouoroonnoreouvepyooiogtcrv Toupxcrr r<oxunpir,rv rougEnvoxuuproug xupiog pe ro Ue rou AI{EA. OntogypoEerotcronolrvnlrove1roro o Poon ouE Ntevxrcrg,n TMT eixe nn opyovc'r8ei ro Norov eppro rou 1957,otro evepyouorn0nKe Ayouoro Ef,oreprxv Ootiv rou 1958, rov o Toupxogunoupyg Zopo ovoryero npoorvo eog rns Ayxupcrg. perof, rorv evurovolrcrr,rv rcov Or ouyr<pooerg o r<orvornrov nporoeoov o0 pn11rooug oxoerg perof,u rov Envov r<crr Topxrrrvrng Kunpou. Evog o..og nopoyowos nou eupooepvrurKo ong oxeoergourgnrov n ef, oor<npou errovpoonrov perovrxv eurxouprxv or,rlronrv ooEoeiogpe Toupor evcn'riov xoxuprougcroruvoprKous, ouoior epoocnr nrrv owcrprtxov olrorrrvrng EOKA xoro. rov oyc'tvo rou1955-1959. Evroporo cnrxouprxoooruvoprxoosorrerpcvrov tp1roornv Knpo evroxuovrSro Uorcr xoolro xor ro p.ioogwolreoo oug o r<orvrnreg. Moovn or Toupxor rng Knpou ev cryroviornKcrvVrcrrnv ovef,,crprnoicr vnoou, n oxnpn xor tng onoEoorouxn oroon.roug evovuo ornv recrrng Evroongpe rnv Eoo onynoe rn voprxn pereperovrnrogoe ouvlf,erf,nrng roupKoKunproxng puuxn xorvrnrcr rng vexonng Kunproxng nporporiog. Me ug oupgorvieg Zupixng xqr ovivou (1959-1960) ef,oo<poroov oerpo ooporouxv rxir,rv rrou rous no.peixe,ornv ouoio, rxorporo )

,f,"

flvtrr, oprorepf, Topxor xor ouvroixnongKcrrcrpvnorKupicrg, ore vq ouoBperovoi ror peryouv rng Eeux0ein peovuxn evootporoton Knpou oro guoxropevoug envrxxpcnog.Emneov,or oupgrrtvieg Zupixng or4v Kepvero. xor Aovivou npoeenovrnv elionlrn Kor voUrUn 0l Toupxoxnpror enrorpoEn Toupxcov orpctrorv ornv Knpo yrcr ortipr(av nporrn gopo on ro 1878,ev rcrurxpovoovcryvoro unorxrox piornxcrv ornv Toupxio enelronxo rxorlrcncr yro xo0eorog, oornv upoorooicr rorv Toupxoxunpirr-,vKcrl rorv roupKrpe0nxov oupgepvtu-rv vnoo. Nt-rv otn prog ouvrpureg Ern <pcron ourn or pcrf,4rorouxeg of,rcboerg, ncog Arlpoxporiog rqv n enrorpoEn rou ouvAourng Knpou ornv Toupr<io onofo eflov tonoepfoer. flrivo, Kor orn ouvxero n rxorpnon, onoreouocrv xuxeg xrvnoers Kcll ruatpouxougerypoug,xcrpperovrxig eIrti, Bg onorxroxeg o rpoyponxg orxogrng roupKrKngneupog, rnv nepioo 1955-1960, nrov n voUrKn crvcro8pron uvuperg perovrnrogoe torrpo pepog rng ouopprivouv roupKoKurrprclKns rng evov orlrrirpupro Kuuproxng qroxporicrg. Hrcv vogorxognou pvo E4voxnpro n enireuf,n rou 8o ovorye ro ppo yro ro ero4orf npevo npo rou Euorxou roxr,tproporotv unBuro Noepppro opcovKclrrng ouyKvrpoonsrov Toupxoxunpiov oe rou 1955 evq evroio xripo rng vnoou yro.vo yiver eErxrn n de
facto, oe npciro orcrro,rrpooluKn rng rxorpnong. Tpirog Kcu no po.xponpBeopog orxog nrov xor ucog vo eoiveror rrc4lopver eivot n de jure o.voyvopron rng roupxrr<ngNpouxng ovrrnrog on rn reBvn xorvrnrcr,nou Bcrooxi.npoer Ue rov

tpno our rnv nopeio rng rxorgnongxcrr rng rcuovronsrns roupKrKnguopouoiogornv Kunpo. llf,ii!{li$}i rous oxcrnpoixog on xol rnopou'l&ii, xous xuxoug ornv Ecrcr uuoulroror o :Y.t pog rng roupKoKurrproxngeOvrxronxng ;li'' .,uoporof,ng orn rcrrxooioourn. Enrxporei ovrinqrn u or ToupxoKurrprororore*li*l]s;fllii'n ouoqv novrcr crouo ncrr nerOnvro pycrvo rng Ayxupog, poovu Dnopxouv roroprxo orotxeicr nou rexpnprovouv n or Knpror xepcrrxoi,Ue rnv evBcrppuvon MeyongBpercrvicrg, rng urroKivnoovKor roppEcoocrv, uoAoig,rnv roupxrxn nonrxn ev oro KuuproN.Ag onperofei u o veopgrre Poouq NtevNrog unnpf,e cronynrng roD ToupKlKou <XxeiouAvcrxrnongrng Knpou>(Kibris Istirdat Plani), nou uro0ern0nKeorn poAov oyvcoornon roroprxngonpooiog yro to Kunprox ouvnvrnon rou Topxou uroupyo Ef,roreprNtiv@oriv Zopou pe roDS Kouroox-Nrevxrogornv Ayxupo orrs B Iovoucrpiou 1958.trxrore orxogrou Nrevxrog Kcll rov olroieorvrou unnpf,e n ef,oerqrn KurrproKurv rcJV orolxtrov rns rclurorruogrcovToupNoKurlpiov Kor n evootrrorroon rous orn (Urupcr norpio) Toupxio. An rnv ueupo oruv rr,tv Toupxoxunpic'tv,o PoouE Nrevrrcrg unnpf,e o KDproSouvreeorngrng rcruong Kuupro.xngnpoxpctios Kor clpxrrerng Krovcrgrng ourpcour<ng notrxng rou istirdat n rns roupKlKng<ovoxrnong> rng Kupou. Ercrrcrxo g o Toupxoxuupro nyrng, [oD rrporoeptpoviornxe oro pooKnvro cogr8vouoo xelrcrrxn euoroyvopio ornv Knpo w 1947,evrcrxBnxeornv nourxn eir rng Toupxiog r<oronpepo sxsr efierx8eioe rvo1ro roupKrKou rou e8vous. I

j};."u4* N v*plm* #vffiffiffffi#tr{pt T:trt{'#{JpK#4.$ rlr* &i '\i"ll:], ffiffi{*'{ffi$$}* {s*,K# q* ffi$K*{}ffs1#tri w|*r\w*w

1950 npoqnEropo rou runproxou oou pe ono<poiveror ueioEngio 96,7o tnv (15.1)' Evoon mg Knpou pe rnv Ecrcr ovoerxveroropxreuioxono g xor cBvopxnE Knpou o lrcxpr Lm pnrporotritng Ktiou r<orrtpepog roD lpoEeiouEBvopxicrg Mcrxoprog (20.10). | 1952 llpoonoBero ouorpryf, rr,tv ng envoroupxrxvoxoeov: rof ir rou npoBunoupyo )oEoxn Bevrzouornv Altupo (Iov.), rou npoBunoupyou Avrvov Mevrepeg ornv ABnvo (Anpi.), rou oorn flouou ornv Ayxupo (Iouv.) xor rou npoepou TzcoMnoyrop ornv ABnvo (Noe1r.)' Ei.oo r<orToupr<io fipooxcDpouv oug roferg rng Ar-.cvuxng Xuppoxiog(NAIO) (18.2)'o Moroprog entoxnrerot ABnvogc orxo rnv rnv ovonrpnnporoourv yro rnv npod8non rou Kunprorou Qov.-Iol,.)' opyovtiverorpuourn ouoKeqJnUe m oupprLoxn Moxopiou.rou onorporou Lou ouvroyporopxn lpio, rov oeqv oizrnxor otrt-rv notttxt.rv, - orn olpoilt,trrKkv nopoyvrrr-rv ooxcqrn riOerorn npoonuxn rou evonou oyvo yro rnv eniuon rou Kunproxou (2.7)' n levrrn Xuv,\.euon rov Hvcopevcov EBvriv yc pio roroprxn rng onqoon ornpizer rnv opxn rng ouroioBcong ovoyvupizcr ro Kor rxoiolro mg ouroro8eongov r<or e8vv(16.12). 1953 O Moxoprog pe emoron rou rrpog Tov Ayylo Nuepvnrn rng Kflpou oep Awprou PorrznreiTnv ((rrpooclptrroyn,, rns oyy.rxng roixnong otnv oltpoon rou OHE -o xuepvnLng oftopprrircr oiLngo ro (27.4)'o Moxoprogurooer oro yevrx ypolrlroro rou OHE unpvnpo yro ro rxoit-rpcr KufiproKou Tou oo ornv (10.8)'of rrortrxn ouroIoBson ouvcrvrnon rou Ue rov Ayyo unoupy Ef,r,neprxcirv A. Il'rcv ornv ABnvo o nptuBunoupyg nortovogBcrcr ro Kunprox xcu ouvcrvro rnv nnpn opvnon rou Ivrev vo oDzrunoouvus [poorruKss ron (22.12). npo,\nporog r954 Xuyxo,\.eirorn B lloyxunpro EBvoouvccuon.onoio onotpooizer n vo ovo-nrp8ouv fipuroouicgort rov Moxoprooo re8vS erireo (23.7) orn Boun rcovKolornrcov o urr. A[orKrv Xmrvoov nvei u n Knpog eivor yro

rnv Ayyio orpornyrxn neproxn zconxng xor onoxeier rnv epoppoynrng onpooioE (28.7)' or Ayyor uroBerov ouroroBeong prpcL ltofng oe opog rov Kuupiov (2.8)' yevrrn onepyicrornv Kupo (12.8)'n eAnvrxn xupvnon rrpooeeuyer oTcl Hvt"rltcvoEBvn znLti.rvtog ceopgoyn tnv rng ouroxrBeongyro rov runprox tro -o Moxoprog Drloornpizsl ofitruro mv envu<nnporoouio (22.8)' o lpicrg puour<o rproverornv Knpo yro rnv opyovcDon vonou oyvo- rperol n E8vrxn Opyovr,iorgKunpicov Ayr,,rvrorv (26.10)'n c,\.nvrxnKor KunproKn npoLoouict ouvovLo tnv opvnon tu.rv HIIA, mg M. Bperoviog, rng ToupKiog Kol re-.rxo fevrxn Xuv-.euon OHE pe n rou ynEropo rns onorrpflsl ro Kunprox (15.12)'yevu<n ouepyio ornv Knpo (18.12). 1955 Apxizet pe expnf,rtgorn Acuxt-roio o svofi^og cryvog rng EOKA (1.4)' n Bperovio xoei Eoo r<orToupr<iooe IplUepn ouoKeqrn oro Aovivo' yro fiprn qopo n Toupt<io elooyrrol oro KurrploK puBgrotngxor evroqeppevo pepos t'-,g (30.6)'n E0vopxio xo.\,eirnv Eoovcr ofioxe] orl rn ouoKrUtn(6.7)' n envrxn xupvnon ofioxerol m perovrxn npoxnon (7.7)' ouvspxeror oLo ovivo n Tprycpngrooxrqrn xt-rpig oqr(povio rov Uepv (29.8)' vo orpprqn o erIIIpoIIn rou OHE ro KurlproK vo eyypogei og B1roouznrnong orn fevrr<n Euveuon Opyovrolrou(21.9)' o veog rou xuepvnrng rng Kunpou Xopvrvyx ofioppimel oe ouvovrnon pe rov Mor<opro oxro yro rnv eniuon rou Kunpror<oorn yro oon rng ouroroBcong' nprn gopcro Moxoprogryxoro,eincL rco rng rnv oUConS Evu-rong uroBrlci rnv onoryn xor (11.10)'n Ayyljo rrpi ouroKuopvnons OVOYV(,Dplzer... YlO [porn QOpO poxponpBeopo oro ro txoiopo ouroroBeongtou xunpror<ouoouuporooergXopvrrvyx (21.11)'or Ayyor Berouv exrg vpou ro AKEA xor oeg g (ex.). oprorep opyovoerg 1956 O Mot<oprogrKrofiizsror ort rous Ayytroug oug Xeixeeg,vnooxr rou Ivrxou oxeovo (9.3)' exreouworou ug perovrrg npxg or Kopoongxor nprupiou (10.5)'n EBvopxioznrci rnv ononopnn on rn vo xuepvnon rou ur. Ef,r,neprr<vXn. oro Oeorxn yro xoxogrcrplopouq

Kunprox - vog unoupyg ropizetor o E. (27.5)' or eurxerpnoerg EOKA Aeptorp mg ouvexizovror pe evroon (28.8)' unooovrtrr or nporooerg Povrxup uou puBpizouv rnv eocoreprxnouroxuepvnon yro flpurn eopo rng Kunpou(13.12)' nlroorcuovrorcrrionUesoqrergrov Bperovv yro xrrrprorn cruroroBeon E.\,nvorunpiov KoI ToupKoKunpiorv (1e.12). 1957 Xe qnEropo rou OHE yro ro Kunprox clvclQrpf n ovoznrnon erpnvrxng xor ror ixorng.\uong u6ptr11prvo ttg opxes Kot Ue rous oKorrog Xoprn rou OHE> tou rKovofioinon ornv Etrtroo xor rnv Knpo (22.2) oneeuBepveror Moxo.prog, o o onoiog eyxcrBiororor ornv ABnvo, ,\yto ofioypeuonsrcovBperovv (28.3)' o Moxcrprog znrei on rn prrovrxn xuepvnon vo ouptrtoptpt-rBei nveupo oro tng ouqoong rng f.X. iou OHE (28.5)' veog r<uepvnrnsornv Knpo o oep Xlou Oour(22.10). 1958 O Moxoprog nver u n etrtrnvxn neupo ev Bo exrei rot .\on rxorpnongornv Knpo (30.1)' tooueuoerg Qout ornv Aynupo xor rou ornv A0nvn (Iov.-Oe.)'to oxrorou npoBunoupyo Moxlriov nou urlootrtrero1 omv oyyn Boui.n npou-rBci on rng rxorlrnongrn ouoppinreror o.rt rnv KUrIploKn fleupo (19.6)'io xor rpolloxpotio or UepousTrdv Ayyr,rv ornv Knpo (IouL.)' npcorooutrio rou ypoppclTlcl OHE Xnoox ncrprcroro rou rev ef,otiog rng opvnons tcovAyyov (4.8)' o Mcrxoprog ovriBerogUe rous xelpropoug tng xuepvnong Kopotrrovn oro Ku[ploK o Moxpiov ornv ABnvo emxerpei vo moer yro rnv onooxn rov prLovrxtiv olryrurv (B.B) o ypol4roteog rou OHE ornv ABnvo ovoznrvrog uon rc6ou(23.9). 1959 H ougrpt'-rvio Zupixns ovoUeoooTnv rng El,troo Kor rnv Toupr<io npoeuer gnof,u ot'rvxurprotn qnrpotpopiort-rv uo xotvotntt-rvrng Kunpou.xt-rptotn orporrourn uvolrn E-trnvov ror -crlrnxovio ornv xulproxn Toupxc,-rv neupo (12.2)' n llevtolrepng roor<eqrn rou ovivou xnpooer rnv Knpo ovrf,oprnrn npoxpoLio urt rnv cyyunon mg Ecrog, Toupxiog Kor rng rng (19.2). Bpercvicrg

13

ATnTOvATIA

HEMHNIKH IIO/IITIKHruI IYMOONIEI

ExeroMoxlriov, rou Iouviou 1958,sgpve rnv envrxn un8eonoro xeiogrou yxpepo,creoD rrpoenevo rroirepo xcoprour< oornpo roixnong, roprop xuepvnrrxv ovnnpoociurov rng Etroo.g xor tng Toupxiog(opo clrorpoen rns roupKrKng r<pouxngef,ouoiog vnoo) xor rxorpnon oe neorn piurcoonuou ro oxerorroruyxove.H A0nvq xqr n E8vopxia ovruoxOnxov vrovo ornv egoppoyn rou oxeiou:oro ncrioro our evroooercrr ouvevreuf,n n Tou EYAN@H XATzusA:nptov rouMoxopiou olnv Mn. Koo onE 22 Xenreppiou pog Ioropiog llavenrornpiou ovivou pe 1958. rnv onoio onocxBnxcnpooit'-rg reo rnv rng eopeupevngovef,oprnoicrg, otro xor or vroveg pe upoeronornors eLl.nvrxng r<uepvnong, erng uroroln rou K. Kopolravtrn rpos ro yevm ypopporo rou NATO IL-4. Enox, oug 9 Xeureppiou, xcrr pe ovriororxegencrEg E. A6goq), u n srou poppoyn rou XxeiouMoxpiov Bq oBouoernv Eorq rov KurrploKoyovo, ro 1955-59, Kupro rporo npo rng elnvrxng n.Leupo.g oo exrg rng uuxng oqrlroxiog'. H Bperovio oupoepxrov on rnv rroirepn onpooio nou oneren Bperovio oug Be- oroo eveperveornv norttKn rng. Eurueov,roro osrs rng Toupxiog: Oeopvrogonopoirnro vo rorn- tn ouziunon orov OHE, ro exeppro,to el,nvrr pnoer rn Oonrou orn Mon Avoron Kctrrlloreuo- oirnpcr yra ovef,,oprnoicr ouoppiEBnK, Ue qpprKovrog u n Oonourn oe peycro vrnn pcr)loro. uopepoon. o8p ef,opurrcw ou rn Erio rng Toupr<iog,ro ovivo orqroxo ueAIo. xqr rng ToupxioE n Beon nrcv uoxepng.H ptnOcoe prio rrrunn olrnpicr npoE rnv roDpKrKn nron rou qrourrxou xo8eorrog rou lpox, ro rooxoipr rou 1958,eixe orepnoerrnv Ayxupo on ro nomxn oro Kunprox. An ro.rel,n rou 1956eog ro 1958, or perovrxeg nporooergxrvn8nxqv perof, pvo neprEeperoxoppox rng. H troa ev orng reogrng rxorpnons Kor rng olreong ovcqnf,,ng vrrpermze xivuvo ttepleperoKngouopvt rong,oqroueixe eopougpe rn frouynoooio Kor rov crpcrrng Ayxupogorn roirnon rng Kunpou'. Iroirepo ro

$*''
h

tA$

w
l

rx xopo' or<pn r8ere, oe qvriSeon 1rs rnv pe Toupxio, pio ovepx1revn orxovolrio. Ep<polvo ro ro0eorpo ororxeio, qo r<orpe perovrxSeKrrUnoeig,o xivuvog orpornyrxng ouor<oung Ayxupog rng qrt ro urrx xopo, oe lrio enoxn cvcrzofiupu)ong routluxpo flopou, Ou1noe ornv Toupxin u n Eoomov o oveopgrng pe ro NATO Kcr rnv erreloovcl qnoex8ei tnv recrrng runproxng ovef,,crprnoiog,rnv onoicreog rre enilrovcronpprure'. Aurn nrqv n nourxn npalpcmxrnro nou no.ptiryrcr Snoe o xpegorn revepyero ug ro3oueosov eui-^Don Kunproxo: n Toupr<icr rou emznrooevo quoEyer rnv rreplEeperoKn onopvcoon'n E.Lqqenrioxe rnv cnrorponnrou E><eiou Moxpi-\ov, pe rpepeig envoroDpKrKeg roupoylrcneoerg, non prono extopig ovuperc'nizet evo oyyoroupr<rx vo vuvriov rng. AIa nor or Aprprxovoi no.pepervov exrgrcrvro.upcrylroreoecov, r<o8g 8epnouv u n qvo1nf,nroug0o evOoppuve o u.Leupg (rrozctug vcl pqouw rnv cqrsprKovrxnunoornprf,n xor 8o ug ontpene ror or ro vo.Iqouv (oxoeg>onorpooeig vo on1'n8ouvoe oqrqrolvion.Oure crut evoxooe rnv A0nvo, nou nporrlrooepio rorxooio qnoxerpe oru<o 4repv rooueoeorv rnv Ayxupo. O oorxgorxog mg e.,nvrxng nonrxng roruu8nxe ou rov Kapolrovn, r<aro. ooxeqrn rn mS20SOruopiou 1958: <To qorKrspov r'rveivqr vq ef,8ro1rev ex

e urg rou nopvrogorefou,ru euBug o1ruv8n exorpo0evgovorropg,ev eivor uvorv n vq emxpornoouv rq iKorq rov Kunpirov>'. o x<norn Touronpn ouoqm ef,,egpooe Mor<oprog ooxeqrnrns 29ns Iovouapiou 1959,rov zmnonxe eK veou n yvpn rou yro ug ronpoyporeoerg:

Dolber -evoo1efo rqg Zupfilg, 6 1959' 0eFpouopfou ooriv Pouoro (unoupYq Zopo E{oreplxtitv), AwvtivMewepdq

paguonrxng evKnpo eixev repcroriov zomg 0q lliffiilrlflrt-'

<nni rnf pop(pns noneupilos,o Apxreni- 9ry-0-:.yry6s)' rou ef,enuroe oulre'rvrcrv ctovtoee |9^Y::]y^ts Lnv tou. oKonos eeuBe-Yl.:H:1L:...^, opopero rou Ayiou Kuiou u n crrcrpxn Bo rio Beorg mo n onpooioH eg' oovn envrxn '' ;; ir"ipve ' roroe nro orov coxrr,rg eov ftolepix'Ovl tou eonzouoo, rpog nnpn groroyporpi(ovror eiovro npovpro roDS erg Toupxous, crveu onoir,tv n- perogopenx mv ev ef,oogoroiv upovpro rov, ro uvqrv [pypctronornBn onopxneeu8vct n per6 ouvorog{poro pog notrxng zong ev Kurpor>n. rqvnp6rq
Qoroo, or orxor rng envrxngKor rng roupKr- ouvvr4oq. r0vovreg Aprorepd, xng ul,eupogev ouvenrnrcLv. Toupr<or Or o pe npoonoSnooveuipovo vo onotpeqrouvrn nproup- Moxfprog 14 yio evgovef,o.prnrou r<upiopxou xcrr xporoug.H o- Bperovfo vrovo n A8nvq) qpootoypogo uqitnon roug(rnv onoio onepprrge Koo, vo pnv pnopei vo perooxern Knpog orov OHE n- Mndppnopu pvov ove- Or|v 0n0i0Ylo rov neproorepoo.n to<povng, opou ilinoe f,oprnro xporn pnopouv vo qnore-\ov p),n rou nptlrn Qop ylo mov qpooit'lg r4v re0vogopyctvrouou. Avooyng xoreOuvong pio. oerpo nporooeov rou Toupxou unoupyoEf,co- ono01{1tog reprxv Ootiv Pouoto Zopo, nou onppnye o otoileu[evlq Apr,rtp,Fe enxerpnpcrrooyio ef,ioou """"m- ;ove(opr4oiog

15

rnnovATrA
nuKn yrcrroug orxougrng A0nvo.g. Eror, oug up6reg ouzrunoerg,o Zopounprerve vo ouoro8ei n npoNporin rng Kunpou cog<enpe voroupxrNn o1ronovn evoron>, onpoio rnv envrxn Kor rnv roupr<rxn ontrroio pcrzi - Bepcronpcrvux, cnpo ev unopxer ave{aprmo xparogxapig rxn rou onpoio.. Euveng, or Toupxor enrio-

N a*r*p**pry{ffi {sw' Se*rep*gp *T*4t#tvw m:i:*w *gxwmw *$ ffiil* ffiwcriilffimvawci welmew\f{#r4 M** *H$ #r##bd w&mw,mwr*

xov pu8pioerg nou 8o pnopooov opyrepo vo xpnorponornBouv ore vcrcrpqrronrn0ei re8vngnpon oronurrnrcr KDrrproKng rns noueiog,uou 8o eixe og r<poux opoo ug onpcriegol,l.rov o xporv, tov onoiov 0q onoreooe<opouovn voon>. Mo.roro,o Zopouunoypopproeorov Aepoqr ou oe nepinrcoononooxng on rnv ABnvo crurovrov (xor cnrnpo8ero LngoDorclons onpcit'-rv roupKrKng orporrcouxng crong ornv Kurpo), n Toupxio 8o.nrov neproorepooulrroouxn oe oAo Oporo.H anovrnon rou Aepttrg nrov xopoxtnproilnn: <Tog neprnroergroDrcrs crnexeroo, ef,nynoog u or Ayor r' oEzruoDv ourng eivor o.xprg exeivor oirrvegrog onoxeiouvr' npcrg>.' Tnv iro ovovnororxicr eAnvrxotv rot roupxrxv enrrf,er,tv (og npog tn ouvotNn
o1rn roD KUuproxou xpo-

; .;

roug)onoxonrern of,,iclonrou Zop.\ouvo neprnovouruf,n ong opporrrueg riDV E0ei n orxovoprr<n xorvourtiv Bouv uou ouoppiEBnxe on rov Aepcog, onoiogeuperveu roro 0o nrov <pyov o rng xevrprxngNor r-vroiog r-f,ouoicrgrr.' flopono, n ABnvcroulroueurovrov Moxopro. Booer rov ro0orlrorveyypoEcovKol rov KcrroypoEv orov Tuno, n envrNn xuepvnon znrnoe rnv onoryn rou o.pxremoxnou rooeprg tpopg ro on rl.n rou ereppiou 1958 (rov n on o.pxroevo rolropEcirvero.r, onre rou znrn8nxe vo exrppooer opero norlrnon rn Neq Yopxn. noueixeropopeiver rn ouznrnon orov OHE), og ug nopcrpoves rorng oKeVnS Zupixngn xor npxetor yro ouvovrnoetg rne nou eire ovaxorvBnxov eire r<pornOnxovnpoxuxo crncrureg, xopig vcronoreieror vo eyrvov rcrr creg ouvewonoerg.Aogog, pog, n rrrnro rns Kuepvnongog evrooxou Kunpitrv, n ro yeyovos rcov yvpn, ev peroou o opxreuioxouog ef,etppooe Iouv rn qorKn uomrn npoyporrxrnro, rl or ronpoyporeoergrevepynBnxov crn rnv A0nvo, xt yeyovgrrou Kcrve ou crurv, rrpoprpn rorxorn oio ro1rpEcoons vorvxunproxv Oeopv. rov Aurn n rrolropEio ouvoproror Lre rous roroytrou ef,e<ppooe crpxreuioxouog o xcncrrn roLroDS oKelyn rou ovivou. Exouv oro onpeio ouro ulooLnprx8einoAeg onrperg: unyporye Lr un licon, n u nrov o.noqrooropvog unoypoqer, ovo rl,tirE nBee rpoveiu nreornxe. H ouznrnon ouvo rn, cooroo, ev npner vo nopoAnerro yeyovg u xcncrrn oDyKeKprFevnouvepicronrng rcroxeUrnS,o Moxoprog rvroe u n0ee vu enqvoOeoer opropvo. errxrepoonpeio xor u ev oupprme pororo, oe xonoro ouypn rn oon rng oulrrporviog' yrori. nog cinc. n oroon rou epropoprupnBnxc pnvcurov t-rgorxn onpprqn rurv oupeorvrurv. upoypcr nou ev nrov crnBerq.'o llol.eg qopegKrore o Moxcrprog unepopvBnxerng enroyng rou vo ouoex8ei ug ouptpr,rvieg, rovizovrcrgu n e-

vo^oKuKnon (ro ExroMoxpicl) Bo eixe oyrcr rnv Kunpo. H roruntoon rtosiKoroorpotprxn roroypvpnopei vo orooOei Kol ornv ov0pmvn uoxoio rou e8vopxn Knpou vo uuoyporper pio (ovoyxoio, oAo xr rovrxn) on, nou npoene ouoxeroprng Evoong oro rnvexeg. rllliiir*ll$ir:r envoroupNrNnoup<pc'tvict oprotrKoflorn$l li BnNeNororn nroNerynrng Zupixng, oug 5tt 1959,ornv oroin pereixcrv ilii""'"'ll$ @epoucrpiou Aeproq,orToupilili orN. KcrpcrpcrvngxcuE. $ ,i,&, ,,,iilii,,,xor opoyoi rougA. Mewep6gxor (D.Zc-rpouxcrrunnpeoroxoi nopoyovreg.Koro ug rooueuoerg oureg roo<poiornxe evroiog (xr olroo onovroxg) xopoKrnposrouKDrrproKou xpoLoug. ev or Toupxoronoupov rnv onoirnon roug yro oon orn Meyru\vnoo, oeou n envrr<nueupo x8nxe rn ntrrroupyio rprpepoug orpornyeiou,oro onoio 0q urrnperouoov envrx xor vo roupxrx oynpo, vo uvcqng950 Kor 650 ovpv qvriororxo. Eniong, n envrNn neupn exBnxe rn rcruncoonEuv0nr<ng Elryunoeog,n ouoicrpcugev erve rNoiolro evorng enpoong, norg oorore crnoqcrvOnxe ro xor NoprN Tpnpo rou OHE, ro Mcrpno1959".Eug 17-19 @epoucrpiou, rn rcroNeqm ovivou, pe rn xcnn rou oupperoxnrng Bpercrviog, rng EAnog,rnE ToupNiogxor rng nyeoiog rcov Envoxunpiov Kor rov Toupt<orunpiorv, oupEcovieg or eyrvov exreg ou rn pe Bperovio rnv nponBeon n ircrBcr u rornpouoc xupiopxcg ooerg vnoo. orn ev eivor uvqrv vo yiver e enolrepng onopuopei vo ripnon rov oupEcovrv,uou crcoore peBei oou.Encreror pt-rg rovrorei n onvcr ltooio rng exongrng onorKroKnguvolrng Kol rns yto nptoupyiog. nprn qropoorn vcLcpn roropio. evgeeu0epou xunproxo xporoug, eorco eopnpvoupe KonorssreBveig unoxpecooerg. Emueog npclrr vo unoypopplorr-i to Nunprcrx rr xporogr-ivor evrcrio xr op.oonovrox, xo.r xcrOg u, nor<or

pcr ug oryrcrvuNegef,ouoies nou ovoyvopizovrov oroug Toupxoxunpioug, n npor<porrKncrpxn rng neroqrntpiog eivanouoraux orotxeio rou". Toro Kor rov oooreemeorOnKe Uernv errrKpcrrnon envrxv crnryer,rv oro oxov8eg znrnpo rou <rexpnpiou opporrnrog>rng eNreeouxngef,ouoicrg, nou oveKuqre poo rou 1959,xoro rn rororo Ncroicr xcuopuong rou KunprcrKou Euvroyporog.'' Teog,n KurrploKn ovef,crprnoioucrpeixexcrr pio on xpiorlrn uvcnrnro:rnv ucronrng epuoxng rou KunprcrNouorous ovroyovropog rov Meyorov uvogecov rnv encrvo oro eooneprx xcrr rou noioro rng Kunpou, uou n peycrnnercqntpio Kor o Korvcovrrgxol orxovoprxg uvcqnolrgrcovtrnvc,rv rns vnooD 0o pnopouoov vo ef,oo<po-\.ioouv euvoixeg e[,ei[,erg pov.Tnv ro oumg tng UclKponpooro xupii'rgo K. Kcrpopwng, Oeopng enoyng ef,Epooe onlreit-r1rcr rvroe u or rou o onoiogo Uorcryeveorepo rouE,nproupyououpqrovieg,ncrporcrperovexrnpcucr ocrvevo eeuBepo r<pcnog Beonpiog onorxiog,eorn v pero rnv opon nourxn rou ovonruf,,n Kclr rnv nopeuoncrpr<ero xpvou, nrov nr0ov u r<orn iro n Toupxio 0o ovucrpovrcvu n Evroonev oner.\ooero ouptppovrcr rng.'oEe rerxn ovouon, our oxprg n crnopcrNpuvon Kunpou on ug rng reOvonourxeg emnoxeg ruov Vro rnv envrNn <oroixnpcr> 1959-60. nleupcrro peycro rou
'HMEIO'EI' 1. Bi.. perof, o-.-\ov, Evanthis Hatzivassiliou, B|jfan and Lhe (Mimeapolis, 1997) Robert Intemational StatLrsof Cuprus. 1955-59 (Oxford, 1998)' Holland, Britain and the Revolt in Cytrus, 1951'1959 Iomis Stefanidis, Isle of Discord: Nationalism, Imperiafism and the Making ol the Cwrus Proltem (London, 1999) Stephen G. Xydis, (Col[mbts, 1967) rou irou, Cwrus: Contlict and Conciliation, 1954-1958 Atro mv Cwrus: Reluctant Repubc (Paris and The Hagne, 1973). n,\eupo rov rerprorov rng e.L\nvung rrolxng, Euoyya\og ABepoE Toajtraai, Iotopia xap{vav tDKaiptv: KunptdK, 1950-196:1, rcVot io (A8nvo, 1982). 2. Kovorcnlvos totrtrouoe(yevn nFe.\ro Kor ovro6n), Kovotwivog l(apaltav^ng: Apxtio, ytyovta rat xeipeva, pog 3 (ABnvo.1994). 223-224. oo. 3. B. Elovons Xoznoortrsiou, To yeono^u nEpttLL ov tou Kunptou Ku n L nvn atpn no^mi am xailia nu 1950(Aanvo, 1998) rou lrou,Britain and the International Stafus ofCJ?rus, oo. 163-1&. 4. Hatzivassiliou, BdLlin md the Intemational Stah)s of Cwrus, a. 7il. 5. KapapavLie, rcpoe3, o. 249. 6. ttrpos flotroyropyiou (xn.), Ta Kpiotlta woKop|wa tou KDnptoD (1959-1967) LpogA (A8nvo 1983),oo. 45-50. 7. Kapapavng, rtyroe 3, o. 323. B. flonoyopyiou, rcUoSA, oo. 25-26,40. Kor 392. 9. Kapalruv\nE, rttos 3, oo. 329,365, 366-368 10. flpuKo rns ^noKaImS, oro FO 37I/L44647. 11. B. ro O\Tpoeo rou Nouxo Tunuoros oro flotroye0rpyiou, ruos A, oo. 185-186. 12. B.L.eveHro Kpftov I1 Topvopftns, To no^tt|i%v AiKotov mE KDnptMnE AnpoKpariag (AeuKooio, 1982),oo. 25-32 DtryoS fimonunrpioD, To ouvmvpdr np^rysa a1E KDilpimng A.]lpoxpauag (A8nvo, x.x.), o. 39 KtrpoSXpuooorouing, To Kpatog mg KinInD oto AlE1vEE AiKoro (Aanvo, 1994), 71-75 Kor 8694. oo. 13. B. oxsTHo EuovBne Xoznool\eioD, To KDnptM zimpa, 1878-1960: n oDvtdypouKn tuxn (ABnvo,1998), 131139. oo. 14.IIa4tov^ni,rcLns 4 (ouoEn E. Xrznoo\iou) (AAnw, 1994), 15-U. oo.

Iro xevrpo, o flpdepoq Moroprog o ror ovTrflpdepoq Kouroox uIIosxovror T0 equro xor T0upKrK6 To oTpoTsuoro. voprx rp{porou 0HEonoqv04xe ondro 1959n q Iuv0fxn Eyynonq cv nopei;1e or4v Toupxfo ro rxoiro;ro evonqg eneppooqg. 0oro0... Kro,oprorep, oonoopg Apepoq perf Moxup[ou rqq rqv unoyporpf rqg ouprpoviog feyovtig Zupi14g. efvor ol Tr ronpoyporeoerg revepy{0qrov onrqv eqvrxri xupepv4o4

I7

llporon.q.

ApxreuioKorros Moroprog
(1913-1977)
Kord xopov Mrxoh^ XpIorooou ornv Av) MooKoS. fewnonKe ndvovr rns Knpou xol ylve tep6oq ro 1946, enioxonoq Klriou ro 1948 Kol opxrnioKonoq Knpou ro 195O. O MoKpros, eovpxng rou xunpldKo EMnvroFo, ouveo To vouo rou Ue rouq oyveq rov Kunpittv YIo rnv Evron Ue rnv Eo Kot Yto rnv ourorOeon. npoonenoe opxlxrirg vq onorprlrer rnv Fnoxh Tnq ToupKioS oro Kunprox6 xol vo nrrxEr Uro ouF<ptoviq ouroloeeonq ye rnv Ayy^io. To Mdprro rou 1956 xor evdr n Kunprtrxh Kpion Kopu(pdrverorn o Mar6ptog ou^ oFdverqr on6 touq Ayyoug xol orrs Zeix6eq. Meoo^dEi exroni(eror n err6eon rov Kopoon xol AnFnrpaou ro M6lo rou n56r o np(|)tKq edvqros Tou |.pnydpn Au{evriou ro Mprro rou '57 xor n yevlxeu;rvn ovoropoxh ornv E oo Kor rnv Knpo, p6xpr rnv one^sep{don rou Moxopiou ro Mdprro rou 1958. An6 ro onpcio our rot ;rer6, o MoKoptoq' nre(gevog 16oo qn rn teov6 xorvtnro oo xtrt on6 Tnv Ku6pvnon KopoFovnt xerol reAlxtirg rlq puOUioerq rrov ou;r<ptovldrv rng Zupixnq Kor rou ^ovivout unoxopdrvroq on Trq opxtx6g rou O6oers yro n^npn ourotoeon' Evlve np6epoq rnq Kunptoxnq Anyoxporiog ro 1960, overpnn p npo{rrnngo rov loAlo rou 1974, rnq endvfOs Fe rnv onoKororoon nyoKporioq ornv EM6o Kdt n60ov oe n^rxio 64 ea6v to 1977.

K<ovorcwivog Kopolrovng
fi908-1998)
nprounoupy6q rnq EA6og Kot6 ro KpiorFo rornpo rns KUnpldKnq Kpionq (1955-r963). O K(|poFovfiq ovrrperdrnroe ro e{otperlxo oveeto np^nFo rou KunpIoKo npoonoOdrvros vo Ioopponlioel qv6ueod orrg nrfoerg rrv AYYrv Kol rqtv ApeprKqvdtv on6 Tn Fto Kol rnq onoirnonq rGJv Kunpitrv oA6 xol rng eAnvrxftg xorvnq yv6pnq yto nuror60eon. H egnoKh Tnq ToupKioq oro Kunptox Iirqv nn 6Tqv ov6ne rnv npoygorrxrnro npogunoupyio ro 1955' pero ro O6v(rro rou llondyou. Ev r^et orls 13 Opouqpiou 1959 o Kopogov^riq unoypger ge rov Mevrep6q orn Zupixn rn oxrrKn :,uvetiKn Ytd ro Kunprox, to rnq onoiqq 6nproupyeiror ovelprnro KUnpldK Kp6Toq, Fe rnv evvnon rnq AYYtrioq, rnq E6og t<or rnq ToupKioq. H Evron Kor n txor6pnon onoK-J|eiovror, evd, npo^fnerqt dvooyrKh oupperoxn rorv ToupKoKunpiov ornv ru6pvnon. O KopoFdv^liq nAdrvel nrq eivol "n orlygft rng (tohg gou', euruxeor6po ooKei oAAd oootlpn n ovrlnoireuon oqTorn xplrrrfi Kot pt6 Ylq oodpf evrKi ftTTo. H oup(p(,)vio rnq Zupixng nrov ooeddtq n xplolp6repn ortvFn TnS npdrrnq oxroerioq Kopouov^ti.

Euo1ryeog
Aepr,lg (1e10-1ee3)
YnoupyS Ef,t,rreptKdrv crrnv r(upvnon Kqpduovn Kdrq rIq ouvopr^ieg yro ro Kunptox. Kor(|y6Tov on ro M6Tooo. fcwftenKe oro TpiKo^o KoI onoooe Noprr, Ilorrrxq Enlorlipeg xol Orrovogrx6 ornv Esri(|. Ilopnoe rq ooFnorp ornv A ovio KoI rT6^eoe voFpxnq K6pKUpoS To 1941. :uFFereixe ornv EevtKh ror 6rov KporoFevoq oe Avrioroon ouvK6vtprons ornv srporoneo lToiq, on' nou pon6reuoe ro 1943, EqeVn ge ro xppo rr,rv <Dr^eeuo6pt lv ouEUTnS loowiv(,)v ro 1946 ror (rvo unoupYIKo xq0ftxovro oe xuepvlioelg rov Or^eeue6prv, Tnq EPE Kol rns N6oq AnpoKporioq. Ynlipqe on Touq opxrrxroveq rtov oup(PovIdrv rnq Zupixnq |(dr rou ^ovivou KdI nporoyorviornoe oG ^n rn lopogf Tou Kunprdl(o npo^ftpdtoq. :rn r6pxero rnq cnrqerioq ov6nru{s ovnrKTdroprxn p6on Kol <punxiornxe ro 1973 Ylrr rn ouFFeroxfi Tou oro KivnF(r rou NourrKo. Ater6eoe npoePoq rnq NoS AnFoxporiog xor6 To t(|ornFo 19 8 1 . 1 9 a 5 .

18

fepyrog lpiog-

Aryevng
(1898-1974)
IrpqrrorrKoq xor no^rrrx6q, fewnonr(c sro TpiK(t)Fo Knpou Kor onoooe orn:xori Eueniov. E^og U6poS orn FrnpoortrrrKn et<orporeio Kor rrrov n^euo rou '4O. Anoorporernxe ;re ro ro 1941 oop rou ovrrouvrr|yFqropxn Kdr rov loovro ipuoe rnv oKpoFo owrKouuouvrorrKh opy6v(r|on "X.. To t95l npe oe enoen ge rov Mox6gro xor onor6ornKe Kpu(P crrnv Knpo ro No6Ipro rou 1954. T6enKe EnrKe(Ponsrnq EOKA p To eud,vuFo Aryevhs (1 955-59), opydvdtvovrds Tov e0vrxooneeu0eporlx oydrvo rrv Kunpiov. nprv qn Tn ouF(povid rnq Zupixnq r6Toq,ernv Kqronouon rou nupg xor oupgop<pdrenr He rtq ono(P6ocrq rnq, ov Kdr ro(pdrvno. En6orpeqj ornv Aorivd ro M6prro rou 1959, yrv exr6g rS np(,)os Kol ovoKnpxrnK *AFoq rns ndrpioqD. An6TUxe orn norrrx Tou oxro Kor cnSorpeqre ornv Knpo ro 1964 ovoAop6vorrroq rn orporrorrKn roiKnon. Avoxiionxe on6 Tn O6on rou ro'1967 xor npOE oe oyxpouon pe rov Mohpro, Tov onoio rorny6pnoe yro ou;rnpeuon Ue rous xopllouvror6q Kor yro ovocvqrrrKn no^rrrKn. To 1971 ipuoe rn ouvoporrx opy6vron EOKA B', ;re rn orioero rou grporrorrKo Koeeordrroq rnq Aorivog. H EOKA B' ovorilonxeoe nplerg rpoFoKpTnons rov Uol(oproKrirv, oe onoyryq, oo(povieg Kqr o^rogoop6s. n6eov orfq 27 lovouopaou rou 1974 aE Kpnoeyero rns ^epeoo,

XopovuMopig Moxpiav
(1894-1986)
np(,)eunoupyq rnq Ayy^ios (19571963). fewhonK oro ^ovivo Kor rirov yroq rou W{roro exrn Nrvre^ MoKFiqv. Enooo ornv Oq(p6pn Kol evroxenKe oro K6gFd ro 1924. To 1957 Iuvrnpnrrx6 rq6xrnxe rov lvrev xoI t,rq nprogunoupyq x6proe peyAn n;rorrxornro, Kd0drq n noxn rou xopoKTnpiornxe qn uqrnoq puegoS orKovoFrKriq ovonru4nq Kql on6 onpovrrx6g xorvt^tvrxg FeroppueFioerg, O Morpiov npTerve orrq 19 louviou rou 1958 To npignFo <lxro. yro rn Aon rou Kunprqxon Fa ro onoio npo^nr lexoprorn Bou^n yro E^nvsq ror Toprouq KqI ro roprop evS E^nvq xor evg TopKou qppoorri. To ox6ro MoxuiAov, nou ovoFornKe <<ouverorproTrK",dnoppi(PonKe ono rov Moxpro Kor rnv E^ d rq onop6exro, evd, o Kopouovhs npoono0noe oe ouvovrfioerq rou Fe Tov MdKUiqv vo rpononorrioer rrq ow^rK6q O6oerg, nop6 rnv onopprqrn rou ro oxriro dur unnpqe ovoprpronrnrd o nponognog rov oup<provrdrvrnq Zupixnq Kor rou Aovivou,

Avrvv
Mewep69
(18e9-1961)
Ilpo0unoupyg rng Toupriog (l95O. 1960). fewnenKa oro Aiivt xol nop' rr opxrxrilg onoooc voplx, ev rororg ytv ev ouv6xaao oypTnq. To 1932 FnriKe ornv nortrKh xor ro 1945 6yrve opxny6q rou N6ou Anpoxporrxo Kpporog. To 195O ovoe rnv npo0unoupyio, etoiryoye onpovrrx6q FToppuepioetq KoI ouu6aoe rn Onreio rou FE Tnv spnoxh rnq Toupxiog oro KunptoK pro rroirepo eurpuh xivnon rng (|yy^rxns norrrKns, O Mvrpq oug;rereixe orrq qn' euoiqq ouvoprieq pe rov Kopopov^n orn Zupixn Kqr ro ^ovivo, xerpiornxa EErorexvrK6 Trq neprnoKeq rou xunproxo (nrfigorog Kor oogodrq eivor o dpxrrKTovoq rnc (rvqHeroiTnrnq enrtuxids Tnq roupxrxng rnrgorioq. H KU6pvnoh TOU <tVOTpOnnKe;re OrpdrtrrIx npo{rx6nnpo ro MIo rou 1960' evd, o iros ouv^Rgon, rx6ornxe xol EKTe^ornKe Ue dnoyxovroH To enpcvo 6Toq.

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0p0o{or repeig euoyov rn pperoux{ oqpofo or4Aeuxooiu, pe o;rgrovopro rou YKpopopo 19ou urtirvu. 0r Ayyor qpropyqoov rxog roug xor 114;luvropog e0eoov r4v Exxqoio oro nepr0tirpro

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Ocopovmng xoroxng rng Knpou n E8vcrpxio etpe toupyei og EopoouAexuxg opycrvropg, rroroooio pvo oLouE xplouovous. Ot of,r,rporoxor rns trBvopxiog ueprororxizovrov on ug roxexprpeves orKoyevetes vnoro ror ourou or0v ro 1570n Knpog xupreuSnxeon roug OBopovoug, or vepycrzovrcvn ouyr<poowovpe rous OBtopcrvoug voyr,rg ueprorooecov. rrov Mero rrs oeoyesrou 1821 vor r<orqKrnrg rnE Knpou ecooov ef,ouoiegxot on rng upovpro ornv Exxnoio rng Kupou, ovoyvi,-rpizo- opr<erg ug opporrnreg Exxnoiog neprooo ornv upof,n nopgewov vros Tov o.pxrenioxonoog uonrNr<orSpnoxeuu- piornr<ov 0ecopnrrxcr, (1878). Koro x nyetn tr,rv opSof,ov,ncrn eBvcrpxn.H e- oxev oOrxregpexpl rnv cryyoxporio. xuprcrpxiog,n E0vopxio Svopxrxn crurnrrrnro rng Exxnoiog, rng ecooe rn mpxerorng oOorpovrxng nortrxg olKovollrKg Kor lopotnv euxcrrpicr ovcroDyKpornons, uorepo on prcrpo.- mov o nro roxupg yowcls oro vnoi. Tnv uepioo exeivn n Exr<noiooxpo uepioo roypriv uou eixe unoorei Ncrrn Mero rreKTnotrepooua orKovoprKn uvo1rn. ooiovcr, rov n Kupog proxrov uu rnv Kc[oxn Orov or Ayyor oveoqvrn roixnon rou vnorrorv (Dpoyxrrtv Kcu rov Everv. pe ou, peOnxov ovrrprrrruor Urcrorr<ovoprxo EupErovoUs rov roroprx Koro II. Kppn, o oror uoiog pernoeoe crBog tnv roropio rng Kunpro- notrxo uovioxupn Exxnoiu xor npooncrBnoov xng Exxnoiog, xorcr rnv enoxn rng o8topovrxng vo uepropioouvro po rng. Or Ayyor nproupyn(15701B7B) e8vopxrxgpogenrrpoocrvrous rr<oug xuprcrpxicrg rougrorxnrrxougpnxovropoug,8eo rei rnpog oS eopeos xooprxng ef,ouoicrg, onoio rovros rnv Exxnoicr oro neprOcirpro. rcoypg n O rng pe croxeirqt noponcrU rnv uveupouxn No8on- Erxnoiog xoputpvercrr oqoppn rnv ef,yepon ynon rou norpviou rng. H Exxnoiq eixe nn evcr rou Oxropiou rou 1931,or Ayyor ef,procvrnv nopycrvtopevo rorxnrrx pnxcrvrop(opxrenroxonn, yeoicrrng Exrnoiog, evii rourxpovoe8eoovexrog pnrponerg, g), rofnKesexxnoroouxg eunpone o vpou ro Koppouvroux Kppo Kupou, oe pro yro onoiog otronornSnne on roug O8r,tlrcrvoug rn upoonoBerovo ouoropyovooouvnnpcog rnv rtoouAoyntcovEpotv.Eror, xctn rnv nepioo rng onrxn poornprrnrorrrrvKunpiov. Au ro 1931 UeTouMAI{APIOYpoy:roru npooroypdrpou-<rwonoxpui<E tng r (euxc,roioKrSnpoE)

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xpr KoI rnv vopgnroD B' floyKooUiou llol.epoD smnOnxe ornv Kunpo oruyvn rxrcropio, yvoorn xot togflopepoxporicr,crn ro vopo rou rre xuepvnrnX.P. Il.l,pep (19331939). ps Xuprpcovo rov Kotvovroyo-epeuvrun EevorlxitwoKo--n, Nornrn ropxerorou lloetrrou Ayyor or unoxpctilOnxov xoopoouvro KororrleonNo pr-vcr rpcr vo ovexBouvrn enoupyionproxporrxcitv Kor Beotrrv. 1941rpu8nNero AKEA Kor pxpr ro re.\og To roullopouevuvopciOnxcrv epyorrxo ouvrxcro, rcr togororeolrcr ovoyr<ngnou eixcl or Ayyor vo rng tornpnoouv ouvOnxeg eootreprxng npepicrg, yco rngorpornyrKngof,iog nou eixe n Knpog. To reog B'lloyxoopiou lloepou pnxe rnv rou yeconotrxn crf,io.OgoKnpope crvoo.81nopevn noreeopo lUuxpoulloe1rou rou Kcnrou Becopogevou crn rn on KopUouvrorlKoxrvuvou, or Ayyot nnpov Ferpo ytct vo neproproouvro po rou AKEA. Eror onotpcroloclv ovooOpioouvro vct poo Exxnoiog Kot Ueoo ourns vo evroxoouv rng m ef,to.EnrpeEovrnv e[rorpoen oro vnoi rr,-rv erepcpxtiv Kot rn reoycDyn eN]oydrv yro fiptorcov rnvovocrf,n vcou crpxlernoKonou. Tov IoAroroD 1948n Iepo Evoogouyxprnoe ro E8vopxrx Eupouro,Ue oKon vo npocoBnoer ro znrnpcrrng Evoong. To EBvcrpxrN Eupouro eixe upepo (eBvopxn) rov ulepnrxo erioKorro Maxpro B'xor pen rnv uuornn exxnorcrouxn nyeoio, roug ef,rognpopxougKor rous npoepougrr,rv ef,rv opyovcboecov. rnv on ro An AKEA, uorepo on unoeif,rgrou yevrxo ypolrpororou KKtr Nixou Zoxoprn, crpxroe npovo ero4rozeroryro evonrx oyvcr ornv Krpo Kcll vo opyovover xlnronornoerg. To AKE onoUozrKsS roBnxeornv EBvopxio xcrr nprervexorv perr'-rno roro rng onorxroxporiog, oo n ENxnoio nnepprqornv nproon yro Ayoug NoBnpo. reooyrxoug. To AKEA evrerve oixeg xrvnronotnoergxcrr ug xoOproe Kuprcrxn4 ereppiou oE Uepo eKrnv otporeiogyrcr ouoyn unoypoqrv unoornprf,ng roDorrnporos yro ouroroBeon-Evoon.uo ppeg nprvou rnv vcrpf,nrng ouoyngunoypo<pvcrn to AKE, ovqxorvcbBnxe ou rnv E0vopxio. u n IepoXuvoogeixe o.uo<pooioer rrpcryporonoinrnv on evc'rtrxo npoqn<piopruos,orrs 15 Icrvoucrpiou 1950. Tre ro AKEA onoeooroevo eyxctoeiqrer ro txq rou oxeroKol vo oupnopeureilre rnv E8vopxio, uuoornpizovrcrs evcouxnporpnqropcrrng ro 15nE Iovouopiou.H E8vopxio, ooroo, ev crnoepe x8nr<e ouvepycrorei ro AKEA xor nBeevo vo pvn rov oycbvcr. AKEA noponnOntef,oyoyer To Ke crrrtnv upooncr8ercr, crqrnoe rnv npotroouicr rrrrv xlhoecrrv ornv Exxnoicr xcu nopeperveoII tre oupoygrcovef,e}'if,,eolv. H opxn rng eKo.erios 1950pnxe rnv trBvcrprou

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xrcl vcr rporoyovrori otov cryotvo rov Kuupicovyro Apqrroovreupeocorou lpcupeiouE0vopxiog, ro o- pevo cruroro.0eon, nporooero roio oveoe rnv opycrvoron ro ouvrovrop rou. 4poofcupo Kcn eQnuepi0q llpepog rou lporpeiouE8vopxiog nrov o pnrpo- Tnq r4q noirng Ktiou Moxplog Kor owrnpepog o pn- uE0voq" 20[g Oeppouopiou 1959 rponoirngKupnveiogKuuprovg. Mercrf,urotv uo pnrponotv ulnpxe ovroyttvropS yro ro rroroe nyeiro rou oyvo, oqou Kcrror o npooencrv Ocr orn tooxn rou crpxrenror<nou MoNoprourou B'. Orcrv eyrve to npoqrnErotrrcr crnoqrcroiornr<e ucog npeoeio o[ rnv Knpo ucrpncooer rpoug pe roug ug uuoypotpE ornv envu<nxot rnv oyyrxn Nuepvnon, NoBtig r<or ornv epo rcov Hvcopevov E8vcirv.Too o Ktiou Moxoproe oo xor o Kupnveiog KunprovgnOeov eivcrremxeEoLng rng ovurrpovcr or,neiog, ron clur0o roug erve peycrnupoon. Terxo, oro<pooiornNe yiver xnpoon gerof,u rcov vo uo, oo ncoE crnorcuE0nxe opyrepcryrv voBeio crnroug xunougrou Kunprcrvou, ouoior eoor Aov Ncrr rouguo xnpoug pe ro volrcrKunprovg. H npeoeio,pe emxeqcrng Kunprov,Erooe rov ornv A0nvo oug 20 Mo.iou1950. Eug 28 Iouviou 1950, ev n crvnnpooorreio rng EBvcrpxiog proxrov ornv trqo,rre8cveorn euNrDoiq crpxterrloKonog o Moroprog o B'. O McrNoprog proxrov ornv Knpo nou euvon8nNeon rn ouyKupicrourn Ncrroug 20 Or<ri.l-)

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piou 1950ef,eeyn vog opxreuioxouogKnpou, evr,t o Kunprovg proxrov crxpn oe ueproeio oro ef,roreprx.O Kunprcrvg ev crnoxOnxe nore crur ro yeyovosror or oxoergrov o repopxv nopepervov yro. novro ex0prxeg.Aur ro ueprororrx urnpf,e n ouicr yro ro rxoop ornv E0vopxio, o onoiogxornf,,e ornv exxnoroouxn xpion rou 1920. O Mcrxnprog, crpxrenioronosKor t_rg cog e0vopxng, oveoe rnv npc'troouio. yro rn ref,,oyr,ryn ornv Knpo oueeuOepotnxou oyvo pe ro oirnpo <Evororg Kcrlpvov Evcoorg>, noreovros norgn Knpog

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vcr rng Urropouoe xepioerrnv ourorqSeon pe npooeuyn orn levrxn Euveuon rrrtv Hvotpvc,tv EBvv. An ro 1950pexpr ro 1954nieze ug envrr<eg xuepvnoerg Seoouvro Kunprcrx vcr orov OHE. Orov n npoxur<n ourn oxrlroornKr ro 1gb4xor ouruxe, unpe rnv ouEoon ylo rnv evo.pf,nnepropropvns popens oneeuOepcouxou oyvo, pe xrvntonornoerg,ronoerg xor xonoreg expnf,erg. H npouopooxeunroD oyvo eixe opxioer on ro 1951ornv A0nvo. Or ouvepyoreg uou enAef,e nrov or neprootepornpnv Xireg xor ouvepyoregrcov Ayycov[plv Kor xqro rn rcrpxero epEuiouuorou epou ornv Eoo. Apxnyg mg opycrvcoong (trOKA) opiornxe o upcirnvopxnygrng <X>, lepyrog fpiog, o onoiog, oe ovriSeon pe rov Moxcrpro, lpor4rouo rn nlnoupyio opyovoons oro npruno rng <X>. O Moxcrprog ovoyvr,tpizeror o nonrxg og crpxnyosrng EOKA, n onoio"opxroe poon rnv 1n Anpriou 1955.H E8vopxio nrcrvourn rou xpnpotoorouoerov oyvo r<oro Mo.xo.prog nnpn eeixe eyxo oug pcrornprrnreg leropyiou lpio. rou Or npreg ouvopriegpercrf,,u Ayyr,tvxqr Envor<uupiovylo rnv eniuon rou Kunproxo,pe oon rnv quroroixnon,eywclvperof,, Noeppiou rou 1956xqr Mopriou rou 1957on rov xuepvnrn oep Tzov Xpvurvyx KClrrov crpxrenior<onoMor<opro. Av xcrr uooi ovourgrng neprou Oer,:pouv ug ouvoluLieg Moxopiou-XcrpvrrvyKoclv pro peyon yro xopevn eur<orpicr ro Kunprox, otnv rrpoyportxrnro.or Ayyor ev evroEepovrcrv oulrrpotvio, yro oo enrirDrqv rn ouyKpouon. Or ouvoluieg enouxovro oe oupErovicr ouroroir<non, yro lproocrv Ue Uro oprorn uuoxeon yro Evc,tonoro peov. Eug 29 Oepouopiou 1956emoxeE8nxero vnoi o unoupygAnorrrv Ar6vof Mnrvr, o ouoiogropni-

roe ro rcrl,oyo xor eoupcof,e upoygorcrnpos rn ro uvolnxn ouyKpouon. Or Bpercvoi eixcl oxero on rov nponyopevo exeppro vo ef,opioouv rov Moxo.pro Kol vcl ouyKpouorouvr<orcr perotnope rnv EOKA. Au ro Noe1rpro rou 1955Oeocrv exrg vpou ro AKE xor exeroovrnv eEnpepio rou xpporog <nporporng)),yrcl vo pnv pnopeoerro Koppouvrouxox1rpo vo rcrtrurgerro xev ef,ouoio.g nou BcroEnve n ef,opio roDMoxopiou. O Moxtrprog crunx0n ong 9 Moptrou 1956xcn onynBnKr ornv ef,opio.Mcrzi pe rov Moxcpro ef,,proov Kcll rov notrx rou ovrizno pnrponoirn Kupnveiog Kunprcrv,uopcrro yeyovg u roxproern Oeonrou qu rnv EOKA, n onorq nrov rouuopvn pe rov Moxcrpro. Ercrren rou 1956ennLBnv onlrovuKes oAoyeg og yer,rno[rxg roopponiegornv leproxn rns clvororxng Meooyeiou,onoreeoporng onoruxnpvng enepoong rov Ayyoyoov oro Eou2.H Ayylio pnnxe oe nepioo o0rogorKovoptKns Kprons Kor or Hvotpveglloueieg ovocrv rpolroouiegyto rnv upoorooicr rrr-rv oulrpepvrov rns Auong ornv neproxn. Merq rnv onoxotpnon rotv Ayyrov qn ro Eouez n Knpog ouxrnoe xor ucrrpeyon orpornyrnn of,,io. Ooroo, pe nopepoon rcov Apeprxovv uunpf,e rogoponoinon mg oyyrxng uourxng oro Kunpro.x.Avri vo Becopov ol,xnpn rnv Kunpo xpnorpn cogorpc[roTlKn cron, roug rxnvonorooe neov n rornpnon ooeov ornv Knpo. fro. vo rcnnpn8ei,otoroo,n xpno4rrnro rng Krrpou errpenevo roogororeio ouurog eyxog rng eo(l)lcprKns xorooroongrns K0.r xupitrg vo onoLponer n roio8non rrpog rov xolrlrouvrop. To po rou e[rrnprln 0o ovor4rovovcog eyyunrpreguvoperg n

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0 Moxtiprog ond npiarv 105 oropo (53 Envegxor 52 Topxor). Tnv (rpirog crprote- oprorep) ug iro nepioo o lpictg rrof,,e exreoerg orrg pv, pe rnv r<ornyopiou nrov nBev ouvepytnegrcov e[6prorog And Ayyorv. Eror, rnv pn uou or Ayyoopeprxovoi pe- IeiXeeq. o rng rn Oeuov uon,o un8uopE Kupounrov x<,t- oprorepfrepeog Irupog propevogoe Envegxcrr Toupr<oug, or Envoev Ilonoyo0oyyeou, Kurrpu roonqornxcv oe norprreg ror nporeg. ove- o unrpofloiTnq Ero ren rou 1958n on rng eopeulrvns xor Kunprovgo oroug Kuf,,oprnoiognrov ro4rn xor eurn8nr<e lloxopnoq upioug xcopigxov vo epr,trn0ov. O lpiog ror n Iro Ioowir1q. rov KupnveiogKunprov,o E8vopxio, pe ef,,oipeon xevrpo oprorep, onoonoiog ovroyovrzrov or<pnrov Mor<opro, pe o Muxtiprog x8nxov rn on ovcf,optnoiog. rovxupepvfr4 H uon uou ennBnKe ouorctortxo ef,,unnpe- oep T(ov rng oupqrpovro uongxor r- Xfpvnvyx roDoercryecononrxo rqv orvrze rnv oyyrrn enrxupropxicroro vnoi oro nepioo r4v xor rou onolo Bperovio nopo roug evoroopoug rnvexg.O Mo.xcrprog, 4 oulrrootnr<eKor urreYporlJe ovoYvopi(sr vo unoypoqer, re-A.rxcr Yro qopfro xr,rpig nerxer onoronuoreel,rioon. vo nptirq To pvo nou eil[pcrlnKe orov Moxopro ruqv n txoittlto oupuepinyn oro EvryUo rou veou Kporousrov ouroroixqoqg. roug rxorr,rlmrr,rvnou ourtnoe n E8vopxio on rnv e- Avopeo o ro xcnoxng, no-rg oEopo- Nixog rroxn rng oBcopovrxng yruo Kor n ef,oipeonrng neprouoiog ournv Ko.- Kpovrrdrqg rng tovoyxoolrt<n ono orpioon. ro r<orrr<ouoinoov Ev xoruxeir, or oDU{pcJvieg pl,o rng E8vopxiog og Spnor<eunxng, notmng rcrutxpovu euqKor olKovoUrxng ovrrnrog r<o.r ov rnv nyepovicr rns KorvovrKng otrtoogrrou eKupooonooe.
BIBAIOfPAOIA C.P. Kyrris, History of Cyprus, Aeuxooio, 1996. K.II. Kppng, IIpoKtIKo A re8vog Kunpooyrxou Euvepiou, Acu0oio, 1973. rng Nnoou Apxrenroxnou Kunprcrvou,Ioropia Xpovd'ovtxn Kunpou, Beved, 1878. 3cvotpov Ko-,ng. totopia rng rcup*oKDtrplaKng H no;vorn rag (ovexorn trreern). Moxoprog Apouorrng, EOKA, n oxotetvn oqm, Xtoxu, ABnvo. Brendan O' Malley and Ian Graig, The CTprus Conspiracy, I.B. Tauris, ^ovivo 1999. T

nctpieg>. Bperovio or uo <pnrpeg xqr Or Apeprxovoi crnogaoroovu n novxqronro Ln uonnou Bo rooqcrl,rze oDpepoworng uong nrov n eopeulrvn ovef,oprnoio. Kor u crurn vo rn.\uon errperrs rn exrei Kol vcl rnv eeoppoosr ornv Knpo n ef,ro Uoo rng E8vctpxiog, rroDlrtclv n pvn uvcrpnnou 0o pnopooevo xpnotponornOei yro neproprolrrns emppong rnE Aptorepctg.Me noppoon rc,rvApeprxovv oneeuBepOnxe oug 17 Anpriou 1957o MoxcrprosKor or ouvef,proroirou, u.o roug entponnK vcrerrtorpcryouvornv Kev ornv ASnvcr.Ernv Knpo o r<rlpo Kor rrctpFervcv opog xornr<eoroug ppoug xor nioreue nog n Evoronnrov nLeov znrnpo xpvou. O Moxcprog, coyro eeuSepog vo.uuoypctqeron oroo,orpBnxe tnv eopeupvng ovef,crprnoiog, onoio tonpoypctreovrovnn puouxo n troo r<orn Toupxict. l evo ro peov rng Knpou eixe ev nocrnro 1957oto vnoi, or Ayyor oigr<pr8ei ouvxroqv ro Korolleour<o perpo, ug ororv oqovieg Kor tous clttcryxovropous oyt-rv rou xupi exe.ivoug rorv.Ef,ovLt^-roov rr-rg (Mtong, AuEenrov ovef, oprnregnpooconrxtnteg vriou). Tourxpovct,ou\rxtoov vo xevrpizouv rov roupxrxeOvrxropKor vo [poKo]ouv rn oyxpouon perof,u EAnvoxunpit-rvxor Toupxoxunpit-rv. |r0. oo xorp pror<rqv vnoi o Moxtrprogooro eyxootrg poornprrnreg orooeouore.l,eopcnrr< roulpio. Merq rnv ef,opiorou Moxctpiouo lpiog perve xupiopxos roD rorxvrro nor ovorf,e grouo Kol UerougToupxoxnproug rnv Aprorepo. To 1958nrov ro eros rou rxoopou ornv Knpo. oe Mero.f,u Iouviou r<orXeureppiouor<oroBnxcrv eneroro perof, trnvoxunpiov xor ToupxoNu-

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H e4vlxli e0voyeveorlf,ouoicr.O Ayyog Oui-llo1r Tpvep (William Tur(u0YvnTf(et> ner) uou emoxeq0nxernv Knpo ro 1815 Tov ypoEeryro E4vropd rnv ef,ouoiorng Exr<noicrg: 14g <IIop' onou tunrxo n -nog Knpog pioxeror Knpou un rnv ef,ouoio. evgpnn nou oogre o ropizero.ron rov Kcrnouov llqocl, rorxeiror ouxul xeporopdg orcronxo cru tov Envo opxrenioNono Kor 14v roDS roupxrxli xnprroErou> (Katsiaounis 1996, o. 12). xorvdr4ro. Tq H ipuon rou envrxo xpcnougxer peyon eqoroyporpio mppon novot ornv eAnvoxunprcrxnxorvrnro..Eug rpB4(e o 19 Auyouorou1828, opxrenioxouog or Uruporoo Kot frrirpyog Ieqep4g ireg onooreouvemoron orov Konoiorpro xor oro;lroprri Aovo zruouv rn oupnepinqrn Kor rng Kunpou oro ouvopcl xorro ovO4po rou envrxou xporoug(Katsiaounis, 1996, 1B). o. orovroi;10 Me rn nf,n rng oBcolrovrxng neprououf,overor "Tqv YPoqet: Eo 0eopevn nourxn xor nol,nrollxn enrppon rng El,ocrg. ornv xorogrp6yropev To exroreuur< ouornpo nou etpcrppzrol nerpeg, Kupo evuvo1rverrnv e0vrxn ouveinon rov Envoxunpicov. Ynnpxer peyon ouf,non orov clprBp rolv oxoeicov. onoreeo1ro ovontuf,ng Og rng rou orxou rxruou or oypouxeE rreproxes ouvovror Ue ug xotlronerg, rolropqveror n eooreprKn oYopclKOr eltruyxclverol n oorrKololnon rns xorvc,rviog. Erqroxo.n Opnor<euuxn tourrnro.ouvrourizerol Lrrnv eOvrxn ouveinon. Me rnv ovcrnruf,n rou Tunou ovonruoocTcrr n cnrxorvt^rvio xor xor nproupyeircrr nporogxpog. Moo crnro o uvotruop eKlrovrepvropo rou evroxerorKol n eBvrxn ouveinon rov trnvoxunpio.rv eK(ppoxcrr

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*0 KeUu zeror oS oAnon ylo rnv Evoon Fe rnv Eocr. p6q exove Erov erxoor olovo n envoxunprcrxnxorvrnro nep{qovoug pucriverpe ouf,npevn Kor pcrzrKorrornpvn nou onoirneipoore Topxor", ylcl rnv Evcoon.O expovrepvropgrcovEnvoon 0oner xnoroKurlprov elnpeclzeror on rnv eBvoyeveon rng orrypli Nrevxrfg Eoogxor rqurizerqr ourn. Merq ro B'lloyxo

roixnon ornv Knpo. Me rnv ipuon rng Toupxrxng nlroxporiog xor ng eutuxieg rou Mouorotpo Kelr.},Aroropx (Mustafa Kemal Atatrk) nproutrrye[ol pro veo peocrio rof,n nou orpet rnv lpoooxn rng npos rnv Toupxio xor ennpeozeroroperoppuBpioerg MouorcrEo no uS KooUrKeg rou trr' Keopto llepo, n ouoirnon yto rnv Evroon Ferorpe- pcr.Oucog rovizer o Nrevxrog (Denktas), <toonrol oe eOvrx orxo xcrr unoornpizeror qn n zolr rcr riq ylo rov Aroropx Kor yro rov llernv xolc'tvicr. Too n ef,rcroo xcrr n Aprorepo, po rns Avef,oprnoiogxcrr ouznrooo1re perof,u pog. unp' egug rcrqropeuxeg ovunyerg, unoornpiEipoore rrepnevor nou eipoore Topxor. H peyozoDVrnv Evrrronotgrn povotxn emoyn. urepn pcrgeurButrricr nrov vo ope rnv Toupr<io> Me rnv opxn rng oyyxng roirnong, n roDpKo- (R.R. Denktas, 1996, 58-59). pro qvunorno. Ee KurrplcrKnxolrnto xqver ro povontiro otn roi- ro Ue rnv nopoooroxn eir or xepcrrorg xepiKnon Kor, tryr,:rou u ev or<oou0ei pro rorxozouv uS er<Aoyeg 1930. oyxpouon percrf,u rou H rov oio oonKoroinong nog n envoxunprcrxn xorv- uo noporcrf,ei'rv ouvexiornxe xot xoro tn exoerio rnro, pioxerot oe UroveKuxnOon.Me rn ro.u- rou '30 xo.r Anf,,e rn vixn rcDV pe veoreprorv,pe on rng O0opovrxng Auroxporopiogn rorxooouqopxny rre rov po Koutoox (Kek). poooroxn eir rourizeror uLnpi,rgpe rnv oyyrxn Koro rn mpr<ero B floyxoopiou llol.epou, rou

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yrNn toixnon, n onoicrn8eevo rornpnoerrnv xuprcrpxiorou vnoro, xor crnrnv crAnrrpoyporonorooercrqopeg yro evpyereg vcr npooetrxoer ro evroqrepovrng Toupxios rrpog rnv l(uupo. trvroqepovcivor ro Veyovos n roupxoxulploKn Lr nyeoio opxroe vcrngroupyei pnr ornv Toupxio, pe oyyxn unoornprf,,n,Vro vcr npooexoer ro cvroqcpovrng rrpogro vnoi. prcr ouvovrnon rrou ttpoypcrronoln0nxe ong 29 Auyoorou 1952 ovopeoo ornv ,,ToupxoNunptoxn Avlrnpootuueio> rov Kcu uroupy Ef,,r,treprxv rng Toupxiog Oouor Konpouo (Fuat KprI), n roupxoxurlploKn ovurrpooolrriq eixe pro peycrncrroyorueuon. O Konpoulou eixe rrel ornv ovnnpooconeio: <Trirpouuopxer<pio pe rnv E).ocr. EriegeiOr vor urroxpeouxeg. ev 8o roxryoulreproguS oxeoerspos pozi oog>(Faiz Kaymak, 1968, 10). o. E' our ro ornro n Toupxicr crpKouvrcl oro vcl oupoucucr roug Toupxoxuflplousvo unoornpizouv rnv Ayyio Kol oro vo orAver xpnlrouxn onOcro ooxoAoug. xor Or evrovegnpoonnBeregrng Ayyiog Kot n rKorporeio riov Toupxoxunpictv xnro rng Evcoongxo.r or npoonoOcreg onoxivnong rns ToupKtl<ng Kolvng yv1rng eixov onoreeoUo rnv epnoxn rng Toupxrog oro Kunpror<. our ro yo or Ayyor oufr'

loper lvovo: "Epeiq Knpo rnv r4vei;1ope ;16oer or4Ao(riw4. 0,rr xorovner1ere, eivot onoexr6"

fficapcaffiwxg&,$tr:l fi!{*}q ffipipmy$qffiKffi$ Kffi $.ti WAffi ]iffi43K#K$3sffir6{}l ww ffilrx$rwffi#qsw:rs$ Kffi*3{q Kffi &Nsewcx {ye*.$@{*pffiw# ffeffi#{*ffiffitrffiKwrxpmq ffi

nouor eniegrr,tvEnvoxunpirrtv rnv Evcoon yto oufinBnxov,xrvnrouorn8nKe n roupKoKurrproKn Kolvrruoxnr rpu8nxe ro npro pozrx xppcr KAIAK 1943,pe povorx oxon vo elrnoioerrnv Evtrron vo pcLoppu8pior-r roupxoxunpror<n xot tnv xorytnro.To ncrBogrr,tv Envoxunpir,tv yro rnv Evoonovrrperr,rnizeror ro noBogrrrtvToupxoxupe lpicovxoro rng Evoong. Xopoxrnprouxo yrcrrnv euoxn ereivn eivcrrrcr yro rou Nrevxrcrg:<To noyro Bog rnv Toupxicr...ev nrqv prxprepo crnro yto noSog rnv evroonrou Kclly tnv eAnvrxn exxnoio...Auroi i.eyov,neOaivoulre yro rnv vcoon, n cpeig cyopr- rt-Ooivoupc vclpn yrvct n yro rr yrori crvyiver, ror xr oArE8o neBnvoulre> vr,ion, (Denktas, 1996, 54). o. H rouproxunproxnnyeoio. n onoio cnloTporeuOmetn exqerioroD'40 yro vo onorpqrer Evotrnv on, on rn pro n.\,eupoouvepyozrovUr rnv oy-

yxoeoov rn rcroxerynrou Aovivou rou 1955,noD ytcr nprilrn <popcr pOnxov oro iro rporrezl n Eocr, Toupxio xor n Ayyio xor ouzntnoov ro n Kunprox. H roupxrxn rreupnutoornprze rnv onotpn rog eire Bcrpvovor Ayyor ornv Kupo eire n Knpog Bo rvrcrv ornv Toupxicr.Tourxpovo opyov8nxe Ncrrn npooxcrrorcr xoro rov Envotv rng Korvorovrrvouuong, vo rovtorei n <onoqroyro orouxrnrcrrng Toupxiog>.H rooxerpnenf,exropig ororeopcuo.Kepropvn neupcr nrov n oyyrxn. trfi,nou, Ayyog uuoupygEf,,roreprxv o Awovr Iwev (Anthony Eden) crf,,roynoe mrn pe oKeUrn ro ef,ngyro: <trpeig yvo:pizolreuclg eixcv peycreg roqopgonryecov percrf,roog, o xopog ev ro yvprze. llooi vprzov uog ro npnpo nnyoze ou rn rxn pog ouorxrcrxn oDpneprrpopo. Tpo xoroqepcrpe eif,oupeug peyoeg vo roqopegKcll vct exBeooupe tnv npoypcruxn quon )

Avrovr lvrev: uTtirpo rpfvqxe 6rrev eqrorye, dnog vpr(ov, pog 4 rxri onorxroxli
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27

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o. n Kupog0o rxorolrnBeil(Kaymak, 1968, 50-51). Ernv npoypouxrnrcr, n nproon yro rn rxorpnon rc4ropEcil8mextncr rn itopn ouvtrvrnon rrou eixe o Ayyog unoupyg rcov Anorxrolv Avo[ Avrvcw Mnrw (Lenox Boyd) Uerov npco0unoupy 1956. Mevtepeg ornv Toupxio oug 16 eNe1rpiou rrcDg ourn tnv notrxn 0o Or Ayyl,or nrzov ]r' pnopooov vcrcruorprpouv Evcoon.Ernv ouoio, tnv or Ayyor ev eixov np8eon vo npoxopnoouv lpos rn rxorpnon, yrcui our 0o.onporve eYKc[oerrpn rng Knpou. Ef,ctou,o Ayyog npong Muouxep (James Bowker) ornv Ayxupn Tzr1rg yeooe rov o p Kouroor<tou eine u n Kupog Bo rxorolrnBei,r<oronovtnoe: <Nor... oo elreig oxpn vo eyxoroeiqoulre rnv Kuev Oou1re o.53). upo>(Kaymak, 1968, H ToupNio noipver ourn rnv roruxn xivnon rng AWioS oS ouoroorlKn uon r<or ropycrvvovror pe ncrvroexndloerg povorNouvOnpo<rxorMevrepegoe n Oovorog>.O npor8unoupyg Unon pro npoonoOelo vcr ef,crogoioer tnv unoornprf,n norou opxnyou rng ovunoireuons,rou erepovou trNo xor Eilou ro Aroroupx, Iopt Ivovo (Is oe met Inn), rov xo.treoe pro ouvovtnon oug 16 HToupxrxli (Anthony Eden, 1960, 455). o. Mqiou 1957 Kol rou znrnoe vo. peroroor orov rou 0pytivtooq nponporog> (TMT) Ernv Knpo or uo xorvrnregeixrv xt'tproreioe npon rcovHfIA ornv ToupNicru xor o irog (o Avrforooqg oorpovei uo orporueo. An rn Uro neupctro ovOnpcr Ivovo) unoornpizer rn rxorpnon. H ouuvrnon xor Touproxnproug <Evoorg r<orpvo Evcoorg> on rnv on (H Kxor ctu xoOe onoqn: rou Ivovo eivor evrcrqpouoo oe nou ovlixouv npog eivor roupxrr<n>.H EOKA eixe nn qn ro <Epeig orn ozown eix4re noponnSei on rnv oprorepd 1955o.pxizerrov vononyvo yro rnv Evtoon. H Knpo. O,u xtrr ov lerxete rpcr, eivor onoexr uuvrxro. Ayyio exove oxpn evo npo xot orvovu ornv o- yro 0r o. Uevo) (Esenbel,1993, B9). NrePiq nproupynBnNen Toupuqirnon rov Envoxuupiov yro rnv Evc'ton 8eoe Yn ouregng ouv8nr<eg xor Kopo(oyou ro Sepo rng rxorpnons Kor eronynBnNe oroug xrxn Opyovc,lon AvrioroonS (TMT) xor oro vo1ro K6orog Toupxor<unpioug uloornpif,ouv rnv nol,urxn cruvo rng rxorlrnongooxei rnoersxor rroirepo oroug Mroroo49 pen rng ouvrexvictgIIEO. Mero rn. O Ooiz Koipdx (Faiz Kaymak), nou nrqv or ro Toupxor<nproug, peroqepovrur nyeoiog rnv nepioo rnv llpcoropcrymrou 1958ol,oqrovovror orexn rng roupKoKunproKng Toupt<opeoo vexpoi oe rnv upoon rng uonrxng rng KDnprorouvtxohouxoi nyereg. O nourxg toexeivn, neprypoEer ooruvolrrxti elrtpovi- xcopropg rxorpnongpe ro ef,ng yrcr:<Ecrqrvrr<o perof, rcovuo xolotnttiv Uerorperrerol ouroxivqro ortre n nproon yro rn rxotpnon rng Knpou. Znro 1958 oe evoun oyKpouon. trv ro perof,,n rnoolre vcr ouvovrn0oup KoI vo ouznTnooupe ro Ue ELcroxor n Toupxio, or onoieg ouvepycrzovrctt yevrx reu0uvrn Mouxop6p Noupi Mnrpyxi oro noioro rou NATO crnro 1952,onyovrororo (Muharrem Nuri Birgi). Mog eine nog o npotOu- pro vonl.ng ouyKpouons yto rnv Knpo. Xroroxo noupyg Mewep64 (Menderes) 0o puopouoevo UclS n Knpogperc[preror oe eoi'treprx npnporng nLnpoEopieg.Kor npoBeoerrog uuxng oulrlrcrxiog. oroeruro oo.Eeig ev yvprze ro o8p oxpierctgrng nproong nou To NATO xor or HIIA eixcrv nn f,eNrvnoerpto eixe xover ro perovrx unoupyeioAnorr<rv (yro rn UUouKn ruoporio yro rn reu8tnon rou Kurxorpnon)(...) Tnv enpevn UepoUoSunoexBn- rrplclKou. Ero uqioro rng oyrrng rou Wuxpoufloxe o Avrvcrv Mevrepeg.Kcrr prgpog eie eine ncog Acpou ro Uepn cTlpt-rte DTToKDUtoDvyevrxo oc vo KCIrng oDUeepovrcr unxng oulrpoxictg,o(pnvovros Eror, oqou oro ppogug eBvrxgroug crnortnoerg. ysrq * &S*xm ffieiiqp{sv$#{.ffim*ury Y&xx:*wNwrr noxeiornxcrvn Evoon xcrr n rxorpnon,orroqog*xg rxt*x; ffiww ffi* oiornNe n ipuon crvef,oprnrour<pcnoug Kc{&rt"Ii:# ${p#K#q # ornv mw*ffi*gx* npo. Krvnrnpro uvc4rnouro tou ouproopountt.&q illl$}{fr##.s ffi*xxxxxx*r*pym{ffi rov n (KoUUoDVtotxn onern>. Or HIIA Kosoov ot rcr pn rng utrNng orKoyvercrg evcl ovrlKoU-

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oupoou KOrKoroQepov Toverlvcr uouvrorlK oouv. flopono Ue rn oDpeoivicrEulrlroxiog xor Eyyunonguou rvero rKoioUo oro rpio pe),n tou NAIO vo eeyxouvro ovef,crprnro xpcnog,yrv0 Kol Uro puortKn (oupeovio Kupiov) clvcrpeoo orovKopolrovn Nnr rov Mevrepeg, optprrtvo pe tnv ouoio or uo ovrpeg8o unoornprzcrvrnv evrcr[n rnE Knpou oro NATO xcrr 0o. evBnppuvov rov npepo Kor rov ovunpepo rng Kunproxng nporporiog vo onoyopeoouv rlg KoUpouvlorlKS poornprrnreg. Kopolrovrjgelrro Kcrroro yrorp Kol orov Nrevxrog> (Kaymak, Mevrepeg. 1968. 60). o. Mtououurpovfo Kcrr o nyrng rcovToupxoxuupiov p Kouroox n- KUpfov, yro rov ruxoplornUevog.O Mevrepegrov xoeoe ornv xorolptoo4 rov Ayxupcr Kcrr rov evnppooe enropepg Vro rrg ouuQepvTov aonq ouptprovieg. yevxg reuOuvrngrou uuoupyeiou Tnq O Ef,orepmv Meix Eoevlru (Melih Esenbel) rou ooe enrolrepnovcnpopo. Kouroox crorerO eupevog prrnnoe: <KpreMeix, negpou our... rov Eivor xon ourn n oulrEc,tvio;>. Eoevpnrou oO ncrvrnoe<llou xoni>(Esenbel, 1998,o. 180). Ero e rouprrx ropcrrng Aeuxooiog opyovtiOnuon nrov rxovonornpvn. To Kunprcrx xov uo ron,\.cboerg, Dnep rng rxortrrnong Uio eixe uBei oro noioro rov NATOixcitv xot pio unop lorv ouppovrtlv... oupeepovrov. To unoupyeioEf,otreprxdtv Olrog uunpxe rcrr xouorog uou ev ruov rKovorrotrtuv HIIA crvor<oivutoc rxovonoinon pe npevog...Aurgxuvnyouoeol,crovopro... Eixe ner Pooq Nrevxrdg. norgn eniuon rou Kunpro.xou evuvo.Bq orov Topxo ouvroyporoyoNrxr Epip (Nihat E 0 rivOponog nou pooorrousOeopoug percrf,urrov epnexlrevcov cr- rim): <Aur ro xpnrog ro ror xo.r oArcbg Bcrer- nepipeve ev v xor rporv. llpoypou, yro rrg HllA n Knpog rov roupynoer.Ag npof,oupe qvooyo!). Aurg o Koloros ooUoTo rupouoioze evroEepov evo topcrerypoKqr yro rls ev nrov crLog ou rov PoouE NrevNrog,nou nepi- Efvarv... oi,eg xpegnou eixov orpcrrnyrKnonpoorcr rov yro peve etrnizowclsyro rcrtro.On Envoxulpiov... rov repponoprns clnorKroKpcuiog tpig vcr Errnpeoxt orouv uuNo oupqrepovrcr. rcl BIBAIOfPAOIA H roupxrrn Nupvnonnrcv lou rKovorrornp- Rolandos Katsiaounis, Labour, Society and Politics in vn yro uS oulrEoviegrou AovivouKor rns Zupixng, Cyprus During the Second Half of the Nineteenth nouovorf,ov ppo yrcr rnv ovef,,oprnoicr Kro Century, Nicosia, 1996. rng Tzer Karafistan, (Der.), Cumhuriyet, Nicosia, x.x. npou. Ev o crpxnyg ovunoireuongIoper Ivorng Rauf Raif Denktas, Karkot Deresi Istanbul 1996. vo,nou eixe xover xonoreg rrcrpornpnoers ornv touprrrn e0voouvAeuon, eixe oocrpnovriBe- Melih Esenbel, Kibri-1, Ayaga Kalkan Adam, Ankarq ev 1993. on.Orovporororov enroxErnxe o @olzKoipcrx, Faiz Kaymak, Kibris Trkleri bu Duruma Nasil Dst?. touetne:<No eiore evorlrvor vo npoonoBnoere Istanbul, 1968. Kot v ro rtorexoo pe roug EnvoNunpioug. Aur ro Anthony F'den, Memorien 1945-1957, Kln, 1960.

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onporornor 21 xcrvovrooropog, olropovricr Mo KporoDS. oe rn ywnon rou vou KDnproKou <Times> -;\ovivo) oro Kripro, o xuepvnrns rov onorKloxporv oep Xrou Oout, vrupvogpe rppoxoxot i,euxn ypo$otct, ovoxoivoroero relog rng percrvrxngroxupvnong plv enrrooreioro noio rou crorhxou vouuxou <Chichester> uuo rous nxous rng yxctrvtog rou ouvroyporos rov Black Watch Kor rou ouprYpo rcovoepooxotpv<Javelin>, rrou toKlzov roDS o peoovuxro mS 15nSAuyoorou 1960uneorclln n onrou HvcopvouBqoreiou ou Kulrctuze ncwor or8epegoe oxnporrogous. Ucticl Hrov pro orrypn puenoulroropou:n ourocrIIro Kuepveio orn AuKooio Kcll plct ncvnYDplxn ouvnxnon ocrurouonrv rnv onoio crNoo8noe rporopicr ouoouprcrv. ev reppouzrcl olrr,lgn rou BRpNoeN O'MALLEY* - ou11pcrp6<r (erpnp. qlooroypdrpou

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H ouroxporopio perovrxnucrpouoiooure n Kuupog xeprzeouoro- exeivegug ouvotrrrieg. -0 Eniontrro eyypcleo ou to onoopeTot ouxn ovef,qtrnoio. llpoypouKor vrKrueg ererro cl- perovrN yporpeio AuorNrtiv, ooroo, cuoxou- Moxprog nxpvro ppeocov, euronpc,tvxcrr puourrrtv ro- rrouv on (or ouptpotvieg) croiornNov r4v ornv opxn rng unoypqer rtpcryUoreuosov ruov ol Apeprxcrvoi,or onoior ro- cvef,oprnoiogUe yyunoers,pro reo crpeprKovtKn ovoKripuqn Tnq otpotoov xpnon rt.tv orponoJrtNr,tv rn eyxoroorcroe- -otnv onoio clreriBero o Xopow MoKuii,ov- rrou Kunploxtig rLrv vnorcnpog rpeog utrxdlv crpovuNi,_,v lo,pouoroornNexcto rn ropxero puouxng ouvo- A4poxporfog. tou rotv ouptgepvrov xoro rn rcrpNercr lUuxpou lloe- vrnons Apeprxovv pe Bpercrvoug Ae{to,o rou crf,rotrrorouxoug Tteuroi0q UouKor e8orgovyrcr novrcrrnv [poonuKn vo clvcl- oro Aovivo ro Eeutepprorou 1957. oouvrov eeyxo rou vnolou or Knpror KolrlrouO Mcrxpil.crv np8e ornv ef,ouoicr encopeopevo,Bperovdg vlorcsKot vo ro uopooouv orous Eorenxoug. otp on rnv xtuoorpotprxn enxeipnon rr,rv Bperovv KuFepvnrnq Xtouoour H xunproxn onpoicr-n xpuon eryoDporoD vnororo xou2,nou onynoeug oyyoopeplKovrKs oxeooe eur Evro, novt,l on roorcropoutrrevo xcr- oersoro vcripxcrr upoNcrl,eoe eeuBepn rnv nrcoon n errg-pnopei vcrf,ernOnxe np6rn popo yro rng perovu<ng ouovopiog, n onoia nyooeyrcl nerlovo croro nripro rou unoDpyrKooupouiou orn rpeoro.O Mnxpicrv ouvnqe puouxn oup<pcovio Aeuxtooio, roroplcr1rcog eerxveu orn Beon pe rov upepoAizevxcouep yro rnv onopoKpuvon n Bo rng 8o pnopouoe vo Kuporizer evcr epnpa rou rou Avtovt Iwev xor rnv onoxc,tpnonon ro Eouez, NATO. Oucogxopoxrnprouxo eine o Toupxog upe ovrnoypo rnv opeprKcvrxn ornprf,n rng orepnoupyg Ef,rorepmv,Ooriv ZopLo, oro BpercrvoAivcrg.Orcrv ovecre upotOuuoupyg, pro crn rrg ptroyrou, E6yourv rvr, ro exeppro rou npores vepyeres ruov vo uoer oug Beppoueg rou 1958, uorepo on ouvopr^ieg pe rov Er:oyyeo AyrcrouvopriegUerov Apeprxcrv upepo,xoto ug .pory, nrov crno4rorot qrorrou nog unnpxe xivonoieg evo on ro Bepcto nou ouzntnOnxnv ntov <vo crvoif,ouv npreg orougpriooug>,ru uvog ot ouro rne Kuupou. Or ouvolniegouresonporornour 8o ncrpoxropovrov uou orous Kunpioug ev ouoov rnv crpxn rns orevrepngouvepycroiog perof,u vlorouor(ornv rrpoyporrNrnrcr crvef,oprnolcr>. rcovo xcopv orr rnv orroxn rou nopou. H roropioreiver vo xoroypcrgeru or oulrgcovieg Ayvovrcrg rnv eKnoepootrrevn onoqrn rng Kutou 1960nrcl crnoreoUcr orqrvircrg, ovenr- epvnongrou, o Moxpiov eveotoe oirnlro rou Ulo oro otngouvewnong peraf,u Zopoumr A8pco<p o, Aizevxcrouepyro oueeuOep)on opxrenroxrou )
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Ir4 ouvvrqo4 uou ralvBcppotov Moxprou on ug.Eeixeguou xpcnovrov r<or orXopovr emxeipnoe vcrper rpno oneyxkoropo o.u Moxpitrov rnv nourr<nrng xpnong <xotooto"trxv perpr,tv, xor Nrouorr pcrroroxo0iorqvro o xor nto onex0n>>, on uou Ai(eryouep uoiq unooxouooe orn rornpnon ou rou vnoroD ro ou({r4oov oS orporlorrKng oong.Eulr<pvnoe eniong vo t[tKunproxd rpeqrrrn ropeooonon NATO ps rnv ilpoooro tou noioro n rrxn grog cvcxpcvn oulrqt -rviog. rov g rou H oneeuOpoon Mor<oprou oupqepvrov yroptcrotnxepe tou NAT0. Exei xor,rvor<pouoieg Kuupo. Ko8g ptogrou onoornv xor oulrrpr,rvf04xe yopeurcrvn eiooog ornv notpio rou, o Mor<oprog q oneeu06poo4 xoreu8v8nxenpos rnv Eou,qn nou urooxtrouMoropiou Snxe vcr ouvexioet rov oyt'rvoyrcr Evcoon.Kororxo.(qoroyporpio zovrcrsrnv rcrKrrKnrng Bperoviog, nou eixe Uerorpperuyeveorepq)
qrerro vnoi oe nqvouo orporneoyro vo.exprzoer <Orero uerp.Loro Mong mg rnv EOKA, norce: Avcnong ore n olruvo rov unxv ore n qvtiBe-

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on rov Topxt'lv 8cr xcrpEouv rnv of,itoon rov Kuro npiov vcrr<crBopizouv nopv xor ro povroug>. O yogrou ruov ouyxpornpvog.f)otoo, exorovroeg rro.nrxorneypoEnporq orr to Anorxtot<o lpoEeio, nou onotuuvouv pe enropperoug eof,rclporouxovon ug ouKrrpnoels' v Bperovcirv 18 vovrnoerg , .: ro NATO roug entrrevoug pnveg, eixvouv u or upoEergrou Moxctprou ntov onornegcruxo8e onoqn. Or Bperuvoi orpornyoi SopunBnxovoe onioteuro oBp rov oxouocrvug gnpeg uepi ctoyng roo ore vq oreiouv ornv roxuxn rou MqKpi}.crv, roug, oo oroug enroron xr orov upcoOunoupy rous, Us tnrr oll,,i,J, Apeprr<ovoug opoyoug f,exo0o,r,lu przov onepiEpooro u n Bper.r io rornpnoeru0 orporqyg rov eyxrng oxnporo vnoi. H oon o1ru Nporovr oprouxcilv, roD oe ouvroUo roornpo Bq eixe rn uvorrnro nupnvrxo nnyporog, o ef,onropg rns ylo nexrpovrxnxotooxonioxor Loxprotpoveo povrop yxorpng npoerouoinongtou NATO xoOrorooov ro vnoi zc'tuxng onpooiog yro rnv opuvo. rou NATO, n onoio nrov ouvcrlrnoto oproreprng ni.eup, uog eypo<pov, xtrr yro rn Euv0nKn rng evo Boyorng, <n uupnvrr<n oeponoprxn enrxeipnon ou rnv Kunpo Bo nrov nou uvnrrr<q f,exrvooe Bo opvouoogonpooiog>. O MoxUitrqV piog,nioreue u o orporguou 8o ctflorrouvrcrvore vo. crvrrperonrorouvor ovropreg Kor rou lpio, <8o nrov uepo crurrg ctvroxes UctS))

rnv rrprcxn exrg rng znprervevq ovcroouv vng rov orpornyrxorv orpctnouxv ooeov n Bperptun rovicr,n Toupxio xor n Ectcr, r<oOeotg pe tov ung ouyNuprcrpxiog, ro NATO vo xer terrogiovio ilpoKuUrer x yo oe onorcrnuore Uerctf,u roug. (Xe xororo onpeio nprerveoxpn xor rn roxupvnon rou vnoto ou rn Bperovio pe evrotrn rou NATO) Ooroo, orn ouvovrnon rou Eeureppiou, ot Apeprxcrvoi emxerpnporoLynocrv unp evg ouornpctog ovef,crprnoiog, ouoio Bcreyyuovrov xctro noreg uvopergrou NATO Kor, Ue crurepooxon ircr ouptppovro,npoxopnocv vo ef,,unnpernoouv oe oulr<porvio rnv elnvrNn Kor rnv roupKlKn Us xupvnon nioro on ug noregtr,tv Bperovv. Ef,opyropevog ou ng ouvexeig enrBeoergrng eorpor xor uS orpouoruKS EOKA oro petcvrr< yxoroorooerg-pero.f,utc'rvouoittv Kor Uro evrulcoorcLxn enierf,n uvolrng rou lpio, rcrv rivof,e orov creporooepo Canberas xor vo Venom otn qon rou ANponnpiou- Kclt pe toug Toupxoxuuptous vo upor<oouv rcrpoxg ropopruppevot Yro rnv onouoiq qu ro oxerororvBpercrvveyyunons yrcr rxorpnon, o Mcrxpiov upoono.Bnoe ueivo oer rous Apeprxovog vo. ornpif,ouv ro oxerorng Mio on ug ropoxes,rrou rprrng ouyr<uprcpxiog. oro roupKlf,exivnoe percrrnv ronoSernonUoS rucrvnpooorn x xevrpo evntrrporong eur<ooio, xorprxn evpyeroyro rnv onoio euBuvrov Toup-

32

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KoS rrpoKropcls, orrogKor o ilos o Pooq)Nrevxrcg nopoxeror rcbpcr. XrovAepog ropnvu0nxe Ncn'ricrv, eiernpoev erouoinong, eov ev emruyxcrvrovr4reoo oupou evo Eovio,or Bperovoi Bcrncrprov xotrrtrtnr Kurng ttpouornv Ayxupcr, onoouppevoroe o croerg oro Nroxor <xovrog rougTopxougvcrnvooouvon rnv neproxn opeir,tg 35oDnoponou>. rou

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Or Apeprxcrvoi, pr,-rg, eixov cr,\qoro pucrroug xor eocrv rnv Toupxicr oro norxvir ouveovrog Inv DIIOYpCTQn loroptKrvouptptuvro)v ro oxnr(l)V yrcr porrop rou CENTO Ue Luo nro euetxrn oroon rng ToupNiogevovrt rng Kunpou. Eniong unoornprf,ov rov Xnox, rcw ztrrnoecrnrougBperovougvo nercrf,ouv oxerrous oro oxouniroxcrrrqrnoocrv ro pro nNurn eninnf,n rpos rov uuoupyEf,oneprxv Xeyourv rvr oro Boperoorovux Eupouro enern crvnorcrBnNe. orrypn ruov n xctnn,\n Evoxprog H ylo vcl qcpoDvrougtrnvegoe vess ouvoprieg.O lttpig 0epcro npcoBunoupyg Krrrvorowivog Kopopovng ncrpo.- Eror o1ord(er errnxe oro rorNnrnrou NATO, orpcunyNporo- -oprcr w, u n Ecrci BcrUrropouos ev rrore vo urrpcl- npoqqrrxonrorei rnv Kunpo crnvcvn oe exBprxn svepyrc o Eqvog Kor rtporerve reOei vnoi un rnv xnelrovio rc,tv yeoroypoeos vo ro Hvcopevcov trBvtitv n rou NATO. Acruorepo on o- Tn:uUeovio proKn Urneoeopio ornv xuepvnon rou crvoyxcrorn- rrlqZupfxrtS Nevo ornpif,er rnv Korporeiorou Moxoptou Vlcl rnv exoon rpnEioporogorov OHtr nou 0o ornprze rnv ourorcrOeon, Drrovopeuovrcls rnv npcoroouicr ro1 rtrrvHIIA. trov o McrxoprogNeprze Hvotlrevo Eorcr Bvn, n nieon yro pro ovef,nprnrnKunpo ixog unoxpeoon unoroyns oro NATO n rornpnongrov rrclpoooroxiirvcrpuvuxv eopv pe rn BperovicrBcr rucM oeoprun. Or Apeprxcrvoi pcoE eixov or<prev rbg puorougourn rn Uopen crvef,oprnoitrg oro yro ro orpcrrnyrKng onpooicrg vnoi xnr pozi pe rougBperovoug ooxnoovln^uuouKfg nreo{-lg. tiore vo pnv )
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Kovoruvrivog Kapopovtrfg Ilepctoerro qrnQrouo. xor EuyyeogTnv enoprorng mro{ rng Eoog,o ZopoeAp6po0 on qepe pozi rou yro vo. to eif,er orov ApoE, orn r4g ovoo ovoo rou Eupouiourou NATO nou yrve oro l-evrxlig llopior ro Aexepprorou 1958,evo npooxerooulrIuveeuo4g Earviognn eyxexprpevo on roug Alreprr<ovog, rou ro ro OHE Noepppro ouoio proxrcrvnouxovrcr ornv crpxrxn reo rnE rou1956. un eyyunoergcrvef,crprnoiog. rvr BopunBnxe, O Avpeof o oo nrqv rre uou o Zopourov roeqiooerog roug rqg eu0uvrlig B' n npooEopo ev oEopooeyvnoro ovef,oprnoio. Iloturxfg H onooxn rou npooxeiou on envrr<ngxor Are0uvoqg rou neupcrg ouvrroe orporronKSouproDpKlKnS Ue unoupyeiou yro Eovieg,nou ouvngBnocvpe rnv Ouooryr<rov rnv E{orreprxtiv Kor rov uo xt rpov pe rupnvrxo ono. rpoqrornon (Kunprox) l-rrirpyoq Ieqepnq Ernv nepinroon rng Toupxiogn oulrqovio npoe-

ne eyxorooroon uo porpv ilupnvrKov nupouov peooiou envexoug,r<ivnon nou onoeix0nK KcrBoprouxn opyrepo,ornv xpion rng Koog. Eniong, o Kopolrovl.ng Kor o Avtvov Mevrepg n ouvnqrov oullQuvio xupit^rv. onoio ntjg ovoqrepouv rcr npor<uxo rou perovrxou unoupyrKoD oup-

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Og ouiou-ev 8o npenevo onoxouE0einore oroug pe orxo vcrrov uroxprooel vcrunoypcrqer. enoKnproug n vo npooronorn8ei <oe onoronnore xouBoov crurVo Moxoprog enorperyernv eororo>,oupErovio uou xqrqeixvue rnv enrBupio upevn nuspo Kcrrunypcrqre, f,,exivnoeptlg orn evo oDvxero oNnpnozcrpr rous Bperovougyro rorv uo nyerv vo. nepropioouv rnv ourorcr8eonoUe xproxor rov 0o eixe nproupyn8eiro veo xporog. rov opr8p rcovooeorvnou 0o rrcrpspevcvorn MeEulrEvnocrveniong vcrnreoouv rougKunpioug vo e- yovnoo. Orov o oep Xrou (Dour ovorf,e novlo, oqrnoenioro rou Uro oerpcr oupqrcovrv ovef,oprnoiog, vroxSouv oro NATO, vo.Seoouvexrg vpou ro AEyxcrBipucrv evo nou nourxo.nrov eorrcoporrxg. KEA r<or vo onoyopeoouv r<o0e KoUllouvrouKn oornpo roxupvnongKor oo<poerog, ouoio ro pcrornprrnro-xr our lcrp' o roD ro AKE oporpcricr euererve rxoop xor rerxo 0o onpeycrl,ngnpouxrnrcrg ornv Kunpo. Bo ro uoc4rove rlg O Moxoprog opvn0nxe vcrDrroypcnyr oup(po- yooe oe orporoxuoio. Ero.pouo rou NATO, pog, penou npoco8ooc olruvLrt<o oupecpovrcl.ro ouro rou vieg ru ro rxoicoporo oe ouvroygorrr<g org rcrppuOpioerg, uou pnro eKxopouvrcr oe Euq ornpo our <povroze o pvog upor<uxgrpnog yro rnv crvuxorooroon rou xo.Seorriirog ooro8erog, r<orToupxicr,ouvBre nrBovrnrg vo xpnrou ug yro rnv nou emxporooeeni ouorxroxporiog,ou evo oroorlronornoer rnv ovef,oprnoio. eEo.rnpro og Evoon. EnE ouvoluieg rou Aovivou pr,rg, (De- Bep peov yro uS zronxng onpooiog KorcroKorrtDro oro oepoloprKescroerg vnoi. Or Apeptpouoprorou 1959,or rpers uvnlrergrou f,excrBcrpr- ur<gr<o.r xovoi ev eyxoreerqrovrnv ovrinqrn rng ovef,crponv <n our n rinoro>. O Arvr noprervernv [pornoiog pe eyyunoerg. nopo pvov pcro rnv xorop0eolrio xoro 24 pegxor ognoe rov opxtenioxonovo xor ro oxeErei ornv nouren oouiro rou oro f,evooxeio peuon rou notrxou ouornporogro. rn 1963-64 <Kcrprvrzegi>. pe ero cruoeix8nxov oveucrprn yro Eulrqrorvo rnv ovemeoir,xnpop- rcrvrcrNorvonxcr nourxng. Tre or Apernv npo60non ouvexur<ng rupio rou ouyypo.go KcrrooKorreurrxvpyr,rvNorprxovoi exnvnoov puouxcr oxro yro rn rxororze.l,Ouor, nou eivqr yvooros yro rn oxon rou pe ug perovrxgpuouxg uunpeoieg,n MI6 eixe er<- Irnon rns Knpou Us evo rolrpou rng vo nnyoivet rrovnoer oxroyro rov exrcrop opxremoxnou ornv EqqKor vcrornv Touoxicr. rou

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(rou KunptoKoKpclH Euv0nxn EyNcrBipuong roug) upoeAersu ro peyourepo UeposroDvnoro0o yrvrov ovef,crprnrn Anpoxpcnio, rrerperre oUoSorn Bperovio vo rornpnoer uo peynegoosIS Ko8eorgxupropxicrsKor rns rclpclxurpoDoe Ue reupulrevo rr<otporcreeyxourrouoprBUcJv oFDvuKv oeoeov Kor eyKcrrclorooeotv roEopoonoe rns Anpoxporicrg,Iloporozovros Ueio. vereuKTns rnv ovef,crprnoicr veou xpo.roug rou nouneproorepo o[' ,u rr.x. or Apeprxovoi ge ro rxorcbporcr rousorls ooergeni percwrNou eoEoug.

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Mv4privro rqg eopevouu egor nnpotpopieE nou ou- 19ns yovrov cruro perovrxcrpovrop Kcltrous KcrrctoKo-OcBpouopiou rov nuuKoug oroBlrous Norvonorovrovorous Apepr- 1959 xclog pe oon rn IrDouKn ouvOnxn rcv 7947 Iuprptovrtiv r4q UKUSA, or eyNoroorooels oures oveerf,ovro vnoi Eyxo0ipuoqg os Uro eK Ttlv onprovuNrepotv ooeotvunpoEo- Kunproxrig pe prv rng ong. H orpornyrxn Beon rng Kupou A4poxporiog Trs unoYp0Qeq ornv Koprcl Meong Avcnongxo.roe oxrivo nrng Moxpiov, AexrpovrxngoKpoongrov poornprornratv Eorng Kopolrov{ xor reuNng Evotongoveerf,,ov ororoKcl rnv of,io rng Mevrepeg oJS Kvrpouyro rnv no.po.xoouBnon ooreuxov totv ox4rv nupnvrxcbv uupcruc'tv. AtrreprxovoiroOr EuvBnxn ourn enrpeqre Bpercrvicr orn vo rnpnoov oe etoupyio roug oro8pougenrxorvrrtviog tornpnoerrcpoouoyxo eyxorooroosr'rv Nor eeyxou orov Kcrpoo., Mio. Mnrq, ro feprn nl,exrpovrxng xcnooxonios Kor nopoxng oxo rcrr rnv npeoeiorous orn euxcooio, nop' ot,rv teuxouvoetov. crvoyxoiulvyro vcr o nou our ev npoenrovcrrrouS oupEo-rvieg. xoroorei ro vnoi ul,cnrpppoxo8e eioug orpououxnEpoornprrntcrg: cru rnv Nctcroxonio Mcrqpoon: Epon Borou tr,tv rrvnoeotvrou ooretrxo orporouxc[o rn rop* O Brendan O'MaIley xet ypcnyerpozi pe rov Krrorou tUuxpolloelrou n rnv eyxnrpn npoeronoinon yro eniBeon, Uxpr rn ref,oyotynnepree- Ian Craig ro rio pe riro <The Cyprus Conperoxovnoepc,tv rnv opuvo rng uong pe rn n spiracy: America, Espionage and the Turkish -ooxrrog ov q ouro Ncr- Invasion>, nou ro 1999nporcr8nNe ro poeio xpnonnupnvrxv ncov yro Otoroocl Knpo orxo prog ooreuxng uupntnv Opyouexo.ron rnv eqnpepio <fNopvuov> ovovns eui8ons. xnpxBnNe <Brio rng Xpovrog 1999>. I

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36

HAMEPIruNIKH NO/lITIKH

pon rne Bperovicrg ouE uuoBeoeie K[pou. trror rns n OuooryKrovev npoene ooopo rpo$Anpcuo crvoqoprro p rrir opopovn oro vnoi rou olrcpavrxo emxorytovrcrxou otoBpo, o ouoiog cSurrnperooe rn Meon Avoron, ourr rcDV opeprKovrxv eyxoroorcroeov nnpcrr<oou0nong 6vov exnolrnv. Beo"ro cqrsprKovlKn n xuepvnon ev nrcrvcrqreng vo utoreeru picr ovef,,oprnrn Kunpog Bo uro1 oupeovies Zupixng-ovivourou 1959crvop0ooorn groDuKn uotrnrxn, xoBg Berooe,ourol-toroJg, Bpercrio, rnv Ecrcr rnv Toupxicr, or onoieg yvcbprzeu vog onpovuxg crprOpg Kor Envoxurpoe8ellov rnv ipuon picrg ovefcrprrunsKunpro- lpiov [porqrouoov plo ovcfioprrun ef,oreptNnnoKnS^nFoKporiog,xcrrperiornKqv rnv c4reprKovr- nrxn yro ro vnoi. Mqroro n OucroryNrov oIIo eNprve Kn KDepvnonAizevxaouep p ovcrKolplon. Ouoorr or vcqrvnoerg H unoornprf,ngroD olnpcrros cruroorvKrov cxple rr n unovpoQn oulrtpr,-rvrttv rtrv np- m8eong rcovKuupicovoro Hvtopevo EBvn qu rnv oEepeBcrorpeg edeg yru rn nfn rng ropoxng,n optoo t t'.rv oco pcuLt.rv clqlpl KOv I KoJv K0 I oo to t tKcrrv ooio sixe npoxoeoeroe emNivuvo oBp rn ro- xtopcll, oe ouvucrolrpe rov ilerpoop rng rogrou pe ropof,n rov oxoclvrng El,ncrg tn Bperovio xcrr vo onoreoer vnci yeEupo ovopeoo oro NAIO ro p0 ylo rnv Toupxio. opvnLtxes oDvenctcs rn ouvoxn Kor orous oeopeuroug, evioxue, pe rnv uroornBcr prf,n rcovKuupicovxolrtrrouvrorov,ug rcroerg Krou NAIO ornv neproxn rns AvflorKng Meooyriorr. rng Tnv enoupro rov oup(povrv ro neov onpovux rrpou yrcr ovef,oprnrn nonrNn. f)oroo or Apepryrcrrous Apeprxovoug rucrvvcl euueuxBein opeon e- ruvoi nioreuqv u ro npoenpevoong oupeoqorov n n xcucrp- vieg rxoiorpuo.pvnorNupiog Bporaef,oreprNng <poppoyn roug. H OucroryNrov yro peuon rou roxovovrolrouyrcr ro Kunpro.xOcr pnonourNngKor ooqocrclg, roo o rov EnvoNupoDoevct exel KcrroorpoQrKes ouvenrsyro rn Qrrxg npooxeipevn pog nS Hvotpeveglloueieg ,1.,k, xupvnon rou Kovorowivou Kopopovn, 8o *& .' ',,t1 pilopouo vo nporooet ooopeseo(DrptKee rrepru,\oxg ornv roupKrKnxupvnon rou Awvv Mevrepg oiyoupclBcronyouoe[pos xerporepeuon Kor trg envo-roupKrKS oxeocrg. Eniong, n opeprKovlNn xuepvnon npoeenen n pn egctplroynrov oupqc'-rvrv pnopooe vcruSioerro vnoi oe prcr 8o veo nepioo Siog xar oyxuong, ovozconupdrvovroE yto" Evoon pe rnv ro oirnpo rrrrvEnvoNunpir,rv EAoo Kol rov Toupxor<unpiovyro rxorpnon. Me oo yro n Arovuxn Xuppcrxicr xuo8o vrzrov ex vou Nor or rpepeigoxeoergrr'tv Hvctlrevov llouerv roo pe rnv ToupKi oo rcrr pe rnv Eqo0o neprner<ovrov ncrr,xo8g n AyxuKol po Kor n ABnvcrenrirrrKqv unoornprf,n rcuv0rnv oOvroDSoI]rnv Oucroryxrov. AvriSero, eKeivo[o onoio nmzcv or ApeprKovoi nrov u trrrncrvefnprnrn l(npog, ouveelrvn orevcrU rnv Ecro, rn Bpercvio Kor rnv Toupricr (notgnpoeAeuovor npro npepo oo Ncrron rov Toupxoxunprocrvuoulrrgc'rvreg), ornv olloi BClenrNporoooe Kol orc.Be- npepo rou vnolou, Bo neprprzercr rul,copcnrNo prruo, 8o onyooernv A8nvcr,ro Aovivo Kot rnv ncrrxvirorng xuuprcrxngxuepvnong.IIcp' 1,'ouAyxupc or ouvcpyorrio. rcr ro Ereu Nunoprgevr ouvrorouoe npoooxn oS Ooov oEopooer1Soxsocrspiog wef,oprnrng I(urrpos ro vo.onoqreuxSov roo cm rnv Ouooryxrov .NcvrxlixoUev> lIoneieg, n opeprKcvrKnKU- ooo Ko,ron ro ovivo onoreonnoreKrvnoels ol ypfger nov, npou pe ug Hvcrrtrreveg To T00n0i0 epvnon nrov ororof,n.Aurn nloreue n n oynvcr- onoieg 0o pnopouoov vo Koroornoouveuxorepo n Kp0T0v Krnon rov Envoxunpiiov,yo rng oupo8upicrg ro vo orpcrqrei KurrploKnNuepvnonnpog ro Avcr0l rns rnv enr8ulricrrous ylo ourom- rorNMuox n rpog rnv ouereptnro. unoquuxroge- vo uuoornpif,,er H rKqvonoinon rng opeprKqvrxng xuepvnong pepn Beon, proxrcrvnn oe unoxpnon. H ei<ripnon vorrr1 yro rnv unoypopn rrov ougqovrv Zupixng-ovi enmpoq{g rou rorv Apeprxovciv nrov u n peovuxn xunproxn vou ev onpolv u n Ouooryxrov ev eneu oxoetgps ne Moxopfou.xuepvnon Bq enrioxe eyNopreg Nevrxrixopev; Hvopeveglloneieg, oorc vcl roooro8lrioerrnv enlp- ytrr vcr uonornSovrrpsrlc vo f,enepcrorov ) u

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17Oeppouopiou 1959. np6r4 oxoo uponporo. flponuouopevo yro vcr erH ouvepioo4 roupynoerro uotrx oxnpcr,ro onoio eixe onoEorqg Ilevropepog ororei, e8eolpeiro crnrougAlreprxovoug xo}n 8n ArfoKsUnq non rotv uo xorvornrcovrou vnotou xcrr uovrl on' oro Aovxoorep Xou( o n ouvexng ouvepyooio rc'tv el,nvrxng ror rouAovivou. roupxrxng r<uepvnoeotv And e{to npog H Ouooryxrov oupneporveLrn roupxoxunproxn oplorep, xorvtnro, n ouoio nrcrv qu noLurxn or ouoqrn neovnnpooorneieg prooorepo olroroyevng xcrr nerOopxnpvn on rnv Ayyiog, Knpou, envoxuuprcrxn, oxoouOooe yevrxn ypop0o. rn Etrtroog, p.n rnv ouoio 8o Oeren roupKrKn xupvnon. Toupxioq xor Ooov roDS ro Toupxorunpitrtv oqropooe Envoxuupioug, oqrnpcropo rucrv u o Maxprog rnov o povorxg nyrnE,

{l}r &gxwgxxx<xw* ffi*{yx6u{s1d q} $k4*Nxeeegxxmq c*xe s'itgffiv $**v{}q s"e*ilFtf"t*pmuere ff'&iw{*wcfuqrer * vs K$1w {mf$n}vffi$3t{xKx.l K&Jffi K*cw{3x}xex

o onoiog 0o pnopooe vo ouvevdloer rogopenug xeg Ecrpieg nou rorpooov rnv envonuupro.xn xorvrnrq, ror ore vo enueuxOein ouvepyooio,n ouoio.ououeiro yro vo opyovoOeiro veo r<porog. Qoroo, or Apeprr<ovoiKprvcv u n upooncrBetcl rou Moxoprou vo enoupynoeloS vololrurxg nopoyovro.gBo nrcrv oxon, eolrevngrng ovtipoong Ltt-rv Kunpit-rvxOppOuvrOrt'-rv rns yCVrXLepng Kor rOong [pos ovtruopoOeon,n onoio xcrpoxrnprzernv eAnvoxunproxn r<olrnrcr. Eniong or Apeprxovoi ev ouexlerov rnv mOqvrnro o orpornyg fpiog, o rlponv opxnyg mg EOKA, vq o.toreouoeunyn uotrxng ovcopoiog,crv Kcu Kprvov u or onooi rou ornv Knpo nrov ryooroi xor u or uomxeg rougEroof,ieg npooovorol,izovtovnovupog rnv

Eqo. Ootoo n Ouooryxrov gorcrvu o lpi og 8o prropouosvo experoLeuBei Enpn rou og rn <pu8rxo npoo> rou crue.eu0epc)rlKou oyritvo, xo8g xor rn ouvexrzpevnogooioron ornv reo rng EvorongrcovEnvoxunpiov, or onoior nmzqv u n ovef,oprnoio rng Knpou crnoreooe npo npog rnv re..rxn Evcoonpe rnv Ecrq. Aur ro onoio exove rnv Oucroryxrov vo enizer u n nourxn Aon rnv ouoio npoeuov or rprpepeig oupqovieg 0o e<poppozrov on rnv envoKulrptoKn xorvtnro nrcrv n nenoi8non u n ruepvnon Ko.polrovn,n ouoio nrov ogeoo ouveepevn pe uS ouUqovieg, nrov onoeooropcvn vcr ug ornpif,er. Eniong, n ouvepyooio KopopovnMoxcrprou, xoro tn yv1rn rr,tv Apeprxovv, eixe

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rnv rxcrvrnro rou lpicr vcr Dnovolruoel Uerooer rov Moxopro Kol vcl uvolrnioer ug ouprprovieg. Av pog unnpxe ooyn xupvnong ornv Eoo xor n ef,ouoiorrrpvouoeoro xeprcr nourr<ovuvoor onoieg ev eixcrv rouuori Ue uS ouUeoUeov, viegn ovreri0evro oe crurS, Ouooryxrov nrov nen netopvnu or ur0ovrruesyro oro0prruo ornv Knpo0o pervovrov xor u n exei xorqoroon Bo xerporpeue yopyouspuBpoug. Ue To ot'voproro onoio ovnouxoocrnv crpeplKclvlKn xupvnon nrov ovoogornv ef,ouoioornv Encr oprorepizouoog xupvnong-eeyxpevng roug ou KoUUouvrorS. n ovnouxicroqrerrov Aurn ornv rotrutoonqon, ren rng er<o.eriog 1950,rou oro rou nonrxou Kvrpou,ro ouoio 8o gnopouoevo no.if,er

oe peycro oBp ro onorAeolrcr crvtruuxngovripoong ornv Eo, yo rng orcrongrov uuxv uvotrrecov rroirepo rcovHvcrtlrevo.rv xor llonercilv ovoqoprxo lrc ro KunplcrKo. H toxg rov Kolrpouvrorriveuiong ornv Knpo e0eorpeirocru rnv Ouooryr<rovpoxpoupBeopo n neov oocrpncrnernyro rnv uotrxn enrxpornon rou Mcrxcrprouxor ro pov rng ovef,oprnrng Kupou. Or Atrreprxovoinioreucrv u ro AKEA unoornprzrcrvnepinou ou ro 30% rotv Envoxunpirrrvxcrr u 0o pnopouoe vo npor<ooer onpovuxcr nponporooro vo xpntog oe nepioo orKovoprxng uoxpercrg nourxv oronnpcnrrtv n ttrtv onerpt-rvKunptrovC0vrxrortirv. Me oon ourgug eKTrUnoerg, opxgrou 1960) oug

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IrKOUrrpoocrvclroAropourng Knpou. l f \ 3. Nn upoouo8noet 0roupqarvieg v0 or0lnpnor s crueprKctrog vrKes efrrKolvovroKes eYKorolorperior4xov ., "xoo ond veo orcrotg vnoi yto oo ro.orntrro oro nrqvKnpo, ex rov xpno4reg, eurerxvovrog ouyxpvr,tg pepoug n crpplKctvlKn KUrou ero4roTruo [poo{pepelornv Kunprqr<n vo xuepvnurrxo Tnou. pvnon ouUlepovs u or orxorrng nonrNngrotv on oyrxcrovtooytrmtoyr'oureg, eov our nrov Erpoov Hvcolrevcov ev llonerv vovu rng Kupou nrov: oucrpoirnro. 0iyovrov ro I. Mio uourxo orcr8epn Knpog, n onoio 0o ou4. No o.noguyerouoronnore evepyero,n ouoicr oupgepovru veeernv Eoo,tnv Toupxicrxor rn Bperovio pe 8o pnopooe vo unoerxvuerpeponrpio. rqg rrpos rnv Iuppoliog... oxon ouvepyooicrg n onoio.0o nrcrvnpBu- roupKoKufiplclKn rnv picr xor n envoxuuprorn neupo. oe ovorpcnrrxg 5. No onoqyer onoronnore ovonqrn rrporoUn vo ovrrorcrOci KoppouvronKcg pe8oug. ouiogovoqroprxcr rnv eiooo rng Knpou oro Ue II. Ef,oogoron rng Aetoupyiog riov perovrrv NATO, oo vo eivcrrerorpn vcref,erooer rroro pio orpornouxv eyxorcrorcroetov vnoi ore vo ef,u- uvorrnro, eov eri8ero ro Bepo. oro rrnprrouvrol or orpornyrr<g crvcryxeg uong orn rng 6. No noporpuvr rn Bperovio vo crvoo.et upcoMeon Avoton. ropxrx po og npos rnv uloornprf,n rov olKovoIII. Orxovoprxn crvcrnruf,n vnoro,n onoio Bo prxv npoonoBerilv rng Kupou. rou ouvreooeornv npo8non notrr<ng oro8eprn7. Ncr evSo.ppuver roxptrNn rn va xunproKn KUrog, evg Erouuxou npooovctoropoNcrreeu- pvnon, vo ovoutuf,er, vo rornpnoer Kcll vcr eKBepovnproxporr Beoptiv. xv noreoerrnv ooruvolricrxor ug uvolrergcroqroeiog Mocroe our to noioro yrvlKorporvorxr,tvpe- yro rnv xorcrnoUnon KolrUouvrouKngcruerng. rng prxo ou ro npffio ro ouoicrn xuepvnon AizevH otrreprxovrxn xuepvnon nBeevo enizeru xoouep exprveu Bo.npenevo ovoqernrcrv: pero rnv unoypoqn rcovoupqrcovrv Zupixng-Aovi 1. Ncr unoornpif,er evo crvef,oprnroxunprox xpovoD n ropcryUevn nepioog1955-1958, onoio eixe n rog, oS ro pvo eErxr rpno enireuf,ng evg ro.xo- xovioer rn ouvepyooiooroug xLnoug rng vouocrvovropo rou Kunproxo ouoexrou qn cr p.pn. vororxngnrepuycrs NAIO, eixe nf,er.Kctr rero rou 2. Nq ovooernpoonnOero, ouvepyooiope ug oe roro eorqnponr-Ocre or oulrgtrrvicg u npoperpergeyyunrpreguvoperg,rornpnong rou tprou- pov evov rNcrvonornrrx egug neupegroyro xovovrop rou KurrproKoDnponporog. H reo ovoyxng eDpeons uong,n onoicr0o rxovouorooe $* ffia**mxymxv" r* gffi%ffi #r# we.*ffiffi{,, o ro evrotpeppevo pepn, eixe orcr0eponpocoBn{3\d{W*bpnfrs *s {yejffiW{*wxwq *xr c{xerv ffiy:*#.ve},K*sol rougirougrougAlreprxovog, oro ^ovOei too ivo v# ffi{mlt-##itdK#ffit3tffiffiffi # r:$pwffiffirzp# oo Kcll ornv ABnvcrKor ornv Ayxupo Koro rnv uepioo 1955-1959. Boorxg orxosrng Ouoorynov ruov vo rooqrororein olron euoupyio rng
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NAIOirng XuppcrxicrE. Enrnov or Alreprr<ovoi eixcl rroirepo evroqepovvcr onoEeuxBei onoroonnore roNovovropg, ouoiog 0o uoopeorouoe o rnv Toupxio, xcrBrigev eurBupouoovvo rorcrpcrxBouv or oxeorgroue Ue rnv Ayxupo. H OuooryKrov ruov ueneropvn u onorcrnlore evepyero rng.n onoio Bo eNcrpovrov rnv roupxrxn on rupvnon oS olteprKcvrxn unoornprf,n rcovenvrxtiv Oeoer,n4 eixe opvnrrN ovrixruno orls clBcr oxorls. H orroeuyn nepruoUeprKcrvoroupKrKes Kov rov oxeoecov rous Ue rnv Ayxupo nrcv rroirepo onpovrrKn ylcr roDSApeprNcrvoug, xoOg n ouvepyooicr eBet-rpciro rng xo.iproyrcrTnv ceoppoyn rng uourxnE croqrcrerog Meon Avoron rng orn xuepvnongAizevxo.ouep. ef,crpon roUoxng H rns yro to Kunprox eixe oupreoer Ue rnv oyyo-c4replKovrKnnpoono8ercr opyovco8ei Mon Avovo otn ron evo otrruvux ovrrKoppouvroux puox pe KovrprKnouvroroo rnv Toupxicr. Eug opxeg rou 1954uu rnv oryio Apeprr<ovvxor Bpetovciv n Toupxio eixe unoyporyercrpuvuKn ouptptrrvicr ro pe lloxrorov, n onoicrcrnoreoe uporopxrx npcrorn yveon,ro 1955,rou EupEvou rng Bcryorng rn pe ouUperoxncnions rou Ipox, rou Ipnv xor rng Bperovlog.An rnv crnn Ouooryxrov euiong Eorov u pio on n ouoio ev 0o rxcvonorooernv Eoo rous trnvoxunpioug0o Lrnopouoe Kol vo yrver ovuxeipevo experoAeuongo.n rn Eoreuxn Evoron,rroirepcrornv Knpo nou or Kolrlrovtorgeixov of,roynuvolrn Uoo or rov eyxo roJV spyorrxv ouvrxcnov.fJoroo ornv npof,n n en4lovn rcovApeprxovv (pe rn oupEown yvpn r,iv Bperovcbv) pn roxrvuveuBei vo ore oro ecrxloro n uoopeoxerorns ToupKiogKcrrouverrSn npori0nonrns oro Kuuprox oe rorrpn Oonpe crurnv rng Eoog,Kou oD enrogpcryiornKLrrlg oulrEorvieg, ev trrnopouoe nqpo vo uocpeornoer rnv envrxn neupo, n onoiq nerorynqouoe nnBuopro.xo ornv Knpo. $Swxt: oupqri,rvieg uE Zupixng-Aovivou n uoouy1" ":... yo eycrpe urrep rov Toupxor<unpiov,crEnvovrcrsroDS EAnvoxulpiougpe oocrpo nopo,f rous yrcl Evoon ;i' ., rovcl. Oxr pvo n enrOutrrio pe 6t*xurti rnv trnoev eixe exnnpoOei,ocr emnBnr<e vog ouvroyponxE roxovovropE, o onoiog. xcrto lnv orroUrnroug.unovpr-uo oupeeTct povroroug No0g nopeixe uueporxcr rxordporo ornvroupKoKunptoKn perovrnto.H CIA, oe ouvrpyooioIr ro ypotpeicr ooecrerog Xru Nnncrprrou Kol lrevr,rov evuov uvopecov ror: yevrxo eurreeiou Hvopevcovlloterv, eixe nn f,exoOopo rr,rv oDprtspcrver ovo(popo rov Oxrpro rou 1959: os rng n uvef,oprnoiorng Ktpou ev npr<enotvcr ef,oLeirper ooopn vroon ovopeooornv envoxurn

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d
d

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IrproKn Kol rnv roupKoKunprcrxn xolrnro. O rcr(Zupixng-ovivou) r<ovovropg pi0er op8pcov orcr noio.reivouv vcrrqrovizouv ng perof,u rous rorpooerg.Enopevorg, ovo.Eopo n oulrnporve,n oroBeprnro rou vnoloDBo ef,cprnBeioe trreyn),o Bo0p ono rnv rNovrnro rcovel,Anvrr<nsKor roupKrKngxuepvnoeov vo. opAuvouvng or<poiegrcroerg rorv uo Korvorruov. Me crnyro n OonoryNrov ovoyvtirprzen or oulrpcrrvieg eixov oloruxr vq 6oouv on oro xunprcrNupnpo. frcr roug Apeprxovoug n onpooicr roug ouviororo oro u n Toupxicr xcrr n Eoo eixov eureif,ertcr8eonouvepyooiogNcrr oDolcrorlKo euemorouoov n Ayxupcrxo.rriotgn rr A8nvo.8c.npooucr8ouocrv Kpornoouvro npnvo po un eeyxo.
BIBAIOIPAOIA Foreign Relations of the United Sfafes (FRUS), (Xuoyn enionpt-rv eyypcrEov nrv Hvrrrpevotv Iloterorv), VoL X, Part 1(Washington, United States Government Printing Office 1993).oo. 735-828. Operations Coordinating Board Report, Operations Plans fbr Turkey, 19 Nov. 1958,FRUS, VoL. X., Part 2, a.774. Operations Coordinating Board Report, Operations Coordinating Board Report on Greece, 17 Dec. 1958, FRUS. VoL X. Part 2. aa.646-7. Theodore A. Couloumbis, The United States, Greece and Turkey: The Troubled TriangJe (New York, Praeger, 1983).oo. 25-30. Stephen G. Xydis, Cyprus: Conflict and Conciliation, 1954-1958(Colrmbus,Ohio, The Ohio State University Press,1967),passim. I

Hnpoon0ero rov vo {teprrovdrv 1r4 uoopeorfoouv rqvAyxupo efie 0floresou0 v0 uoopeor{oouv

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Hondnerpo Moxopfou rou yro ro 1963 ovoOedrp4o4 p4ovo0ealp4reov pgpov rouIuvryporog npooxpoer ot4vtipvqo4 (peo4) rouKouroox xor foxog o K4pi4q (e{rf) ovooUFdver v0eToru0oel olerrr{peer4. Ir4v ev0erq rpor., nopd dvrooq r4v ro 1965, Toupxoxnpror xor op0rioIor nondeg yropr(ouv u0(i oropopo(6vr fio xoplo AdAt

Tovpt<ooho lyxr,qrM.q
pe 0 fpipoq uvrfpreg rqg E0KA. Iro xevrpo, o Kopoor{g fyeg pepeg on nprv rqvoy1riv11. Trioor oyrlveg xor rdoeg 0uoieg rou xunploxo E4vropo ev ovoyvr,tpior4rov xovpeevo Ivroypo 0o nou ronvedrov ond r4vuplf r4g oixrjg xuptop;1iog
rooxeqrnonoEooiornxe u ro peAovmg Klpou 0o r<prvrov on ug ronpoyporeuoers rrou Oq ref,oyovrcrvperof,,Eoog,Toupxiog xor llvr,tlrevou Bqoreiou.Xxeuxo pe ournv rnv rpoun xer utoornprxBei n onoqrn u or rnr,tpcurrgnpoouo-

M cxrwqpxm K{:}svffism#q ffiq fficerrx*eysmm# #s* Kx*wxmgg*m w{* {vs{$Tg}#{r**ffi#e;ffiffis x} V{ffi g#q p *{:${*3mWp*{y# {}3v{::;wtr x#e$p KsK8Jffi rXffi #q{:be"p{s

yro Bereg E-roog rnv Evc,ron rng xcrro oyvcrg rng EOKA eunoxuvov rnv eyro.Oipuon xunproxo xporougpeoco rctv reBvv oulrErovrc,tv,. H crvef,oprnronoinon Kol n ouvrcrypouxn opn rng Kuuproxng npoxporiog nrov ro onoreopcr rou oulrroopo totv ovr4roxpevrovBeoerDv Eqng xor Toupxicrg.To Hvr,rpevoBooiero evroqrepOnxe pvo yro rn rornpnon ecrErxvorpclrlouxv ooeorvorn vnoo. Xrxogrng envrxnguolporio.sruov vo npoofnOei ro oirnpcr rng trvorong rng vnoou F rnv Etroo. Mero, pog, rnv onpprqrnrou ornpcrros cturou 1954,n e).nvrxn ueupcr ro uuoxpeBnxevo rrpooopUooelrnv uonrxn rng ornv ovef,,oprnoio rns vnooD. H ovef,oprnoio, olrtog,nt_rg opoucrrnv uzrov, 0o oEopooeoe vo.Kporos eeyxpevo on rnv envoxunproxn xolrntcr, oro onoio n roDpKoKurrproxn xorvrnro og oprOpnrrxouuoeeoLepn8o qnoreouoe pcrovrnro. rn Ee ovuueprouoop upog ro envrxoirnpo rng Evcoong, Touprio eixe er<nosr n opxrKo rn potng f,4rorouxn Bcon nepi cnovoqopog roupxrxng xupropxicrE eni rng Knpou. llepouepot npoo.Le

ro otnpo rng xcoprorng pe ouroro0eong, orxo rn rxorpnon rng Knpou Kr lrs rn oDyKevrpoonrou roupKoKunproxou ororxeiouoe ueproxgun rov eeyx rng. Ernv rp4repn ouvrooxeEn, pog, n Toupxio rcrnpoyporeuBnxe ox),npo rnv ef,ooEcrron evroxupvou xo0eorrogrns roupKoKunptoKnS Korvorruog, ouvroypouxo. xoroxupolrvou. Ero uoioro our, eurirrlf,e eporoertnv ror4rn uvcr rooroon rng roupKoKurrproKng xorvrnrogoro Kpcrux orr<opnpo Kor ef,ioou vo. onooonoerrnv ovonruf,n rng el.nvrxng xupropxiog ornv Knpo. Yorepo an evrouxg ronpoyporsDoers, lg5g ro n Uovoypo(prnK xor' o.pxnv oulrqrovio orn Zupixn xqr rrencr on Aiyeg nppegoro Aovivo unoypclTo ernKcrv enionpo or EulrEi,tviegEyr<o.0ipuong, xeigevo npoounypcltyovo Moxoplog eK Uepous rcovEnvoNunpicov o Koutoox ex ppougrctv xor Toupxoxunpicov. Or XupEovieg Eyxo8ipuong qn Or EupEc,rvieg EyxoBipuong cruo.prizovror uevre neilrevo. To npriro ef, ourv, n Boorxn rop0poon rng npoxporiog rng Knpou, oEopo rn ou, woylrorrKn opyclcoon rou noi.uetrroros.To 2Z op-

44

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xeri rng ouvroylrouKng reu8ernong. An ro ouvoo e rcovrcncrf,er,rv [poKurrn u xoroxupciSnKe ouvroyUorrxoro xq0coLtigLngroupxoKulproKns xorvrnrog org rou1rng,ouvrpurprogKcrr oDyKUepvoogxorvtnrcrg Kupou xor u n Beogrxn rng

ToAKEA eyxoreerqe ro rxfrouo1ero v0 Yro pe oupnopeu0ei yro r4vE0voplio ro 4porprirprolro fiq 1sns lovouopfou 1950. H E0voplio ev onoe1Oqxe rqv npoorpopf rou. Ilp6q oro eyyporpo 4 unoypurpf rou Moxopiou B'

T"m expffip* r"ap*t**3r'$ffiF*ffi 4 xs*wmxclxrxm s"r #ffi{*W*3##r{ ffiggffi$Tr*3s{i}w e}w x$pebw. &wxm #xrm#mtr{fftgqffillmmi${dffi SYS K{t* *'a *

peroqrpOnxov Bporng Boorrng ropBporcng ourouolcl oro xuupror<Evroypo Kor, orrog opizero.r, ororeovug Beperelg, ovcrBeopnreeg roroIrn rou. Me rn Boorxn Arop0pr,lonouorn8nxe evrf,erg uio ovef,,crprnro xporog, evcilouoyopeuBnxen Evoton n n rxorpnon. Euorcurxororxeio rou xporougcrnoreov uo xorvrrues,ous ouoregopyovvoor wor ou ro Evroypo or Envoxunpror B0%xor or Toupxoxnpror 1B%.Onrog,e, onperverol, o Kolvrrrvrxg uorop.gnpoorproe rn ouyxprnon xporoug'.H opn rot ooxnon rc,tvef,ouorctvctvrtKcrrnrprzern rxorvour<novOeon rou nnBuopou. KoOe r<orvrnroBo ef,eeye xotproro ro orpercropyo.vo rou rng ovrlororxoDv nror rov Envoxnpro rpepo Kor rov Toupr<oxupro ovunpepo, xoBtbg Kcrl roDSoueurg. ooxnon e rcov ef,ouoriirv H npooropiornxe ou rn oulrlreroxn rr,tv uo xorvorruov oro opyovo, ror4ro.ornv npoepio xcrr xqro loooorcr(70%-3oo/o) ornv r<uepvnon rn Boun. Kql H eworo rng xorvrnro.g Oeoniornxeoro Euvroypo ovri rng eworos o9,npoxerprvou vcl ovurpoooneerorn roDpKoKurrproxn neupo oro pyovo eH Bouron rc'tv r<olornrcovonoreeoero flouoiog.

oulrnpof,n rolv uo Kolvorruov 0epeiooernv uuoroon rng KurproxnEAnpoxporiog. Tpnpo rrovoupEorvrdvcrnoreov euiong,n EuvBnxn Eyyunons Kor n XuvBnxn Euppcrxiog rrououvolrooynSnxovperof, Eoog,Toupxiog, Hvopvou Bcroreiour<o.r Knpou. Me rnv nprn n rng Kupogqvo.e unoxpoon vcrrornpnoerrnv rnv eo<prNn o.xeporrnro npoxpcnicrg, rng evcb oror rres rpers xtipeg ovoov rnv urroxpeoon vo syyuvror rnv or<eporrruo ovef,,oprnoio Kclr rng Krrpou, vo onoyopuoouvrnv evoronn rn rxorpnon, Kol oe uepinroronno.poioong EuvBnxng,n rng rng ovef,oprnoiog rng Knpou, vq ouvevvoovro.r Kcrlvcr Aolrcwouvro onopoirnro prpo yro rnv ouororooroon rou Ncr0eortrrros eyxo0rpBnxe rrou pe rn BoorNn mp8ptoon.EqrEovcre pe ro opBpo 4, upogBnxeu crvev outrrqrcovnOei xorvn pcron, oe xo8e vo xpcnogenrgunooeror rr<oiropo ro uovouepous evepYercrs rnv onoxorooroon rng YrO ouvroypouxng rnf,ng r<or ovef,,crprnoiog rng KurlproKns Anpoxporio.g.Anrepog orxog rng EuvBnxng nrcv vo ef,,croEcrroreinrorn rnpnon rr,tv n puBpioeorvtng Boorxng ropBpoong un rnv eni- )

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o Euwcrypoeurn8nxe crnug rpersouU1iire:$*qr xpeg, yr' qur xer xopcrKrntr crtrpeveg prorei cogor n ilcrpcrxopnuvo. AvriSero ifr! pe ouoronnore noteio, ro Evroypo ev $ ,,iltu,uro0ern8nNeo.n rnv ovurrpooorrtio uou 0o ef,eeyovor Kunpror noireg pero rnv ovef,oprnoin. Exoyeg yro rnv ovoerf,,n rrov opyovr,tv rou xporoug ref,nxBnoov rplv orro rnv enionlrn evopf,n To Euvroypo.,nog npoenrov ong oulrEotvieg, rou xporoug pe cronro oxero Euvroyporog.H rur<oroptiornr<eon crvuupoonoug Eoog xor urxn e roxg rou Euvrnyporogopxroe rourxpovo Toupxiog, pe oorx af,ovcr rnv Drrepoxnrou uor- pe rnv enionpn evcpf,n enoupyiogrou ovef,oprnrou opou oS opyovc,tuxngoong rou notetrrorog. r<poroug. Enern ro Xvroypcr enrl,n8nxe Kot o pe EpEr,rvo ro Evroypcr:o) H KunpoEexrnpocrur ogev opiornNeorgnnyn ef,ouorv, o exerueprx ouornpo pe ELnvoxnpro npepo xor noornprxBei u n nn8uopg rng Knpou ev oToupxoxnpro ovunpepo, xoOvo.g cru roug ooKnoe rnv nporoyvn ef,ouoio uou eivo.rro 8epro noioug0o ex),eyrovolreoo cruornv ovriororxn xorrng crirng xupro.pxiog. Ynoornpizeror,pog, u ouvtnro. O npepog Kor o ovurpepog npo- rnv upoorproe epUeoo.To yeyovgu or Knpror oxe- upoon8ov yrcrnprn <popo E8nxe vq xouvro rxoiopo rns opvnorKDpiog oug xnl,neg ylcr rnv our<npe ouogooergnepi ro ef,r,treprxo ro Bepcrrcr voerf,,nu'rv opxriv pe oon to oxero Euvroypcnog, r<or onoreeiexnotoneppeongonooxngtou'. $"{ &mgx*exxm ffiumf${:{ptit$ {:rffitrK#q wffi{y{## To Xuvroypo nepreixe errrg ooqrorouxegrK:r$ i{3# flprov, n oDvrcryUorrxn opyovroon rorou le*trx* ffi mv#*{# g}$##q x..ieg. #K$*exdlw#vxtr$ *qsxxr*x ffi3*lq: ffi ff'* r, ueporogev ouvenoyeroru oro rpu8vrxord$ffiY*ffiffieT*}$}K#tr{{.$'?$3*"J,q K#K{xyffi voux xporog xo8e xorvrnro onoouerxupropxiog ore u or xpctrxg ef,ouoiegexxtopovroro.nug r<orvrnreg. Ero Evroypo pnrg rorunvercrru

Tqpeyo4 ovriqoo4 erpnrov yyunrptv xcopv. H EuvBnxn ourn eeroo1rig noupern p4reioxptrxn rotv voluxv, ru, npoogprxovrxrirv euovrog rn uvcnrnro eupcrongrov eyyunxpor6vmovOHE rprv xt'pciv, nepropizer rnv xuprcrpxiclKor Kuprcrpxoronoxeropo rornro. rng Knpou. Ynev8ulrizoutrre ro xrxn u r4gKnpou1974n Toupxio eurxoornKero opOpo4 rng Euvoonpi(er Bnxng yro vcr evpynorrnv nprn evonn erooo E4vog ornv Krpo. Teog,pe n rn EuvBnxn Euppoxicrg, yeoroyprpog ro troo r<orToupxio. ovocrvrnv unoxpoon vo Mtipno 1957, rou ouvpopouvqUUVuKcl Knpo, Ue rnv nopouoio rnv pepro eoqpdg orporrouKns uvcrpngou rnv Eoo (E^^YK, purororrxf rti0eo4 xor 950)xqr rnv Toupxio (TOYP^YK, 650). oo peixor4 opyri To Ewa11ro rng Kunproxng ngorpctiog

opuvog. Eurnov npoep8nxov crpporrnteg nou Bo croNovrqv on rov upepo Kor rov clvrlnpepo, xo8g xor opporrnregooxopevegpvov ou rov npepo xor opporrnregpvov ono rov ovunpepo. ) llpoetp8nxeevroio exopeng xuepvnon on epro. Envoxnproug xor rpergToupxoxuproug uuoupyog. npepogroO pizer roug EAnvoxuplous Kor o ovuupepog y) roug Toupxorurprous urroupyous. H Boun onoreeiror ctrr70o/o Envoxunprous Kor 30% ToupKoKurrplougoueurg nou er<},yovror xr,tproro. ou rnv ovriororxn xorvrnro. ) Korvotpovn Seop onoreoen roro.f,noDpeovcr Ue rnv onoiq xqBe xorvrnro.exeyerKorvouxn Euve}euon, nou xer rofrrKesopporrnregoxeuxo ge ro Bporo.rrotur<orxoiou, No8g xor ro Bpnoxeuuxo xor ro. exnoreunxcr.e) To qvrcno rxoornpro onoreeirqr on upepo ouerepo rr<oorn xor pen uo EnvoxuuprousKcrrvov Toupxoxunpro. or) H nporo roixnon Bcroreexveror qn Envoxull]plousxorcr60% xor ToupxoNDrrprous xana40o/o. z) O xuuproxg orporgoteexverorxorcrro 60% on EnvoxurploDs Kor Koro to 40% ou ToupxoKDrproug.n) AnoyopeuBnxe n peprxn n orxn evoon rns Kupou pe oo xpo.rog,xoOgxor n rxorpnon. 0) Teog,nporp0nxe ouorcronxon prorv nlropxeiotv oug nvre peynegnergou roug Toupxoug r<oroixougourov roJVnecov.

46

.
rupiopxo eivor pvo ro evroio xporog. erepov,o.noyopeu8nxe n rpononoinon tov 8e1rel,rocitv rorof,ev rou, non rrovop8pr^rv Boorrng roprng Bpoongrov oup{povrv rou '59, yro. vo rornpn8ei qvooiorn n emnBeioo ouvrcryUorrxn o1rnrng npoxporiog. H or<nponupnvrxn ourn pBpron neprprzernv xupropxicr rng Kunpro.rng npoxpo' riog oug oulrorrxg ounoergrctv SepeLrorv rng, opnvovrog rnv noueiq orquxn. Kupiog, 1104, enntre rnv rox rng envoxunproxng neroryngiog. Tpirov, or XupEc.lvieg Eyr<o8ipuong 1959 rou orreKrnocvouwcryUclnKnroxu, 0rovrngrnv rnpnon rou Euvroyporog uu rnv euiAeqm rorv eyyunrprv xropv. Troprov, ouoyopeOnxen evoon rns Kupou pe ol,o xporog n n rxorpnon, ev rnv rnpnon rng onoypeuongnvo.ov eyyunrpreg or xpeg,onorpe[ovrcrsror oronuoreexorptoSev onnerpoooiroong noueulrorog. rou Onog xer onpercoSei, Evroypo.oug yevrxg ro nrof,,erg rou rouveror o.n,nprov, rn uorxn opxn, rogOe1rern oDvrqyUorrKnopxn rou norreuporos,xor, erepov, rnv opxn rov ouvroypourv eyyunoct'-rv unp rng roupKoKunpror<ng xorvornrog. Oucog rovioolre, ouorcnrx ororxeio rng KulproKns nporporiog onoteouv or o r<orvrnreg Kqr xr o og, o ouoiog ou ro Xvrcypo opycrvo) vsror ous ovriororg r<orvrnreg. llpog touro ou ug Seperderg roto.f,erg Euvroyparos eoKeUrou pevr,rg nopo.eiEBnxeo og nnyn ef,ouordv,xo.cog Stbg onorqnnorepnrn n eppeon ovoEopoornv xor opxn rng Loixng xuprapxiog. Me rn Oouronrov

t,;

xorvornrc,rvn nlroxponxn o.pxn, uou nnore}ei 8e- 0 Bperovdg pcro rng o.irng xupropxiog, nopopcpiornr<cou npo0unoupyg rn uorxn o.pxn.To ouornpo rng uopxiog pe ou- Xopovr ro n opporrnreg, xo8g xo.r Moxpiov f,,npeveg ouor<erouxg rou ro rxoir.lpo rng crpvnorKDpiog roo rou npopou 0eppoudpro 1960 ovoyvtrlpi(et oo xcrrrou ovunpopou, oe ouvuooppe rnv o.To rov rKoi(|)uo Ueon xoprorn exl.oyn roug, o.noerxvouvrnv eArpprxovrilv poit -ronrou rxotvouxou r<.poroug. noeprordv llepoupr,r, n exreeorn<nef,ouoio opyovdveror yro Iouo(r n{pq " oupeovcr pe rn uorr<ncrpxn, xoStbgxo.r lre rnv ove{opr4oio. Evo opxn rng uolrr<ngroor4rio.g. Avri rng oxongnetlptivovtrlpirepo oqngiog Kor Ueroqrn(pio.g, ovourxOnxe n uorxn efieunolpedoer opxn, pe xopuEoio ernorcn rng ro rr<oiorlromS r4vKnpo vo opvnorxupiog.H rouronpn ef,ouoionpopouxor e1rei pro ovuupopou uroypoppizer rnv uo),nrr<nroorrlrio (0v6nnpl'l rt-rvxorvotntrr-rv, rrg onoieg rpoepxovror ro p- eeu0epio, on yovo.ouro. H exreeouxn ef,ouoio Kctrcrvspertrr Uev pero.f,,u rtov o t<olornrc^rvxorcr nooooro ornv KUperof,,rou npopvnon, nl,nv pr,rg ef,ouoieg or pou xor rou ovunpopou ef,,rovovro.r, oEo r<or or o roOerouv rxoio-rpo opvnorxupiog. To rxcritolro rng crpvnorKDpiog r<otenyeorn 0o uoeloupyio rou uoueporogKor oe 0eoprr<crtf,oo,xo8cirg xcrr ornv olrnpio.rng ueroryngios >

ffiwaccpx6x,r*w# rffipffir*ffi*ryffirxxcw m fficxmq .$3v$1 e&*q cffim*exr*fuw" Kffiffii;lq *$T*ffi&rxsxqpxc Kffi* ffiwffiqp$ps #Tn\f mfi}xx"* F*ffi*'Kfi3q xffiq {qjpsffi$}Kdffiq

Tovpr<ooho lYxrervn
crnug ounoerg rng lrtolyneiog. Ev rourors errnOnxe ytcl vo pororoer onoronnore crnqroon rou npopouyro 0etrroro uqrnngnourxng xopig rn ouvo.iveonrou ovuupoepou,euoupyc,rvros sror i'rg ooEorourn rxio rns ouvrcryucrrrKns ufroorcrong roupKoKunproxng rns Korvorruqg. rorcrf,n H ourn onoeixOnxeef,orpeuxo oNolrutn yro rn erroupyio rou notepcnog,ritogoe Npio4ro 0porcr nouonoleito ouvoiveon. Teog,n Beoprxn opnpcrf,nrotv o Kolvorruurv oS rrpos rn rcxeipron rng ef,ouoicrg ef,otrrorc'tvev rov pe ro opoouovroxxo8eorg, mogxopoKrnprouxn roreiveror n roupKoKDnpro.xn neupn, ogo ev unnpxe rre n onououpevn eoErxn roipeon pero.f,rov uo rorvornrtovoren ocrqng ovooro Eopcrrng olroonovioE Euvroypo.

:xwffimffiry{3 N *{*mp*q, #v *$xffi esm*ffi***iro#ffi, ffi*pffirtr r*{ *ffi*{ #{3#ffi*#" gaw*z*w ffix s# $Tp#yi# *wmff K* mpy,s3'y,* ff^wffiT"*{,

Eupnepoolrouxeg ercrpnoerg O xcrvvoE ovcf,opLnLonoinong onotKtulv Lng rorv nou ioxuoe pero ro 1960ev eixe eqro"ppoyn ornv Knpo. fr' our xer unoornprxBei n onoEn u n cruroroBeon Kunpir'tv ev ooxnBnxe. Axprerov orepo, pog, propei vo Becopn0ei n ouroroOeu on, enern exer rqurtorei Fe rnv ovef,crprnoiorcov nponv orrorKrcJv ooxnBnxe, ov Kot rrppu8po: H cvef,oprnoicl nrov npoiv rng ounong rov rprv rpuuxv xcopv,ev o og ev Oetrpn0nr<e oure eopeosrng cruroroBeons euerpnnn oe ourv vo qoxnoer rnv lpcDroyevnouvroxuxn ef,ouoicr. roqropeur<o, eixe ef,erxBeioe rr<oir,tlrcr neroBo rng rynEiog. Avri rou oou unepeixe n evvolcrrov Kolvornrov, nou ror rcrp8p0nxeo crg, xcopigour vo ouvenoyeror u xqOe xorvrnrq roouvc4reipe o, ru ror Bcrxcuenye orn nproupyio uo r<porv. Euveneio. rxorvolxng oUnSrou noneqrorog rng n roupKoKunproxnxorvrnro ovocrBpiornKeUe Koroxupc'4rveE ouvrctypcrrrKs eyyDnoets onxrnoe rcrr roorrlricr. roxuepvnon ev crvore0nxe H ornv eAnvoxuuproxn nlerorpnEicr, cr-\.o xorovelrnBnxe ovnpeoooug uo xolrnreg. fro vo ef,crotpororei, e, n roxuepvnon on ug o xorvrnreg,oro Xuvrcrvpcr BconioLnxe. cNrg opvnorxupiog. orng evo ornpo eeyxou xor ovuoroBlrioeov ovcrpeoo roug uou Bo.ug unoxpove oe rcrpxnSeotrrrNn oupnpof,n. Au rn ouvonuNn uo.pouoioon ovoerxvuetqt, ouprrepqopc[rxn, n eoyn ouopio, ecrv ro xo8eorg rnE KunproxngAnpoxporiogpnopouocvo ei-

xe rc4roptproOei roEopeuNcr. llprov, n ovef,crprnoio Knpou oulrEr,tvnBnrng K vcrxpvo nprv uro8ernBeiro rynErotrro rng fevrxng Euveuons OHE, pe ro onoio ovef,oprnrou rouornOnr<ov crnorxieg.H nonrxn rng Evroong, or nprv tolrop<poBouv euvoixegreOveig ouv8nNeg, erxe npoxcreoer ovupoorrs roD Hvr,tpevou ng BoorAeiou xqr rng Toupxiog, trreouoreleopo vo emcrAouv rnv eniuon roD zrunpcrrog rng ovef,oprnoiog rng Knpou peocoronpoyUorcuorclv. Ee oureg n Toupxio nruxe ro euvoix xoOeorg Dnprng roupKOKUnpr0Kns KorvoTru0s. q' ','r" Kunpog, ov eixe oxoou8noer crvnoyn ;i ' il nopeio pe ug oruegonorxieg, Bcrunexerji eeoppoyn rns ono1: ro ornv ovopcvlrcvn 11 4" .-. .Xl ouorxronoinongoro noioro rou OHE. Ee f :: "ui:. "?. qurnv rnv ef,,e),rf,n, Toupxio, ov elruen xtov ornv ovef,oprnrouoinon,8o nrov pcrovovioxupn oug rerrxnoers rng np rng roupKoKunproKngr<orvrnrog. Ef,crou, Knpog,orn oyrn Kn rou qrnEioporogrou OHE, Bo onoxrouor ro KoBeotdlg uou 0o emBupouoen ueroqrnEio., non, xupicog,rnv Evoon. Axopn pog xr ov ro oirnpo yro Evoon ev eixe oioro exqon, 0o enrxpctooe n nonrNn nou etpcrppornKe ug orngonoryro xieg, non n envoxunproNn ul.eroqrngioBo ncyxeonouro rnv ef,ouoio rou vouNporoug. To rynEropo, pr'lg,rng orroclrrotKtoloinonguroSernBnxe oeo eixe eponoOei ovef,oprnoio rng Kn

48

**&;

Topxor ocImrororcg oTq Kr Yrl Tov oupovd rqg Knpou loro Tov Tou 974. 1 Iro xcvrpo, yovorrordg evog Knprog oypdrqg ulrosxrror r0 np6rorpfporu Tnq EAAYK orqv Appti;1ooro rov Ayouoro rou 1960. e{sr{rl H 0o onoeq10ef ro nKpli...

pe ro npoxnpo n n envoxunproxn neupcrrnv roroAnn euNcrrpio eurxerpooero nocrroxe0o ro rng EvoronE Knpou pe rnv Ecrcr. rng ' . , . . , . . ir':" Ee our ro onpeio sivol ovoyKoio vcr unolrvnoBei yro. u o MoNoprog r<orpero rnv ovef,crprnoio, vo rxcrvonoreirov envoNuuprcrx nnOuop, roxnnpou noer rcovouptporvrv.H er<cron nrov ro0o purre rnv Evcoon,ncrpo rnv nenoiBnon rou u n ov on uS opxesrng er<o.eriog '50, erou EopenKn, ug yKclrpo or eAnvxeg Nuepvnoeigeixov rcreqer Evt-ronntov nov ovprxrn.'Me oureg,pt^lg, eNnoerE xorepyooe uourorio rng nng rn xcrr of,rooynoerug enepxpeveg re0veiEef,eif,erg xor enon0eue rnv upgcron rng Toupoxeuxo pe rnv oroclrrolKlofloinon nou rcrucrBovrcrv neupcrg xiog. Orov e ro 1963emxeipnoe rnv rponouoinon oro noioro rou OHE. An ro 1950n fevrNn EuvSegeroriv rorcrf,ecov Xuvroyporog, ovcrpeocr tou euon eixe eNntioer ro evrcr<pepov rnv DrIoKol oug onoiegro rNcriopcr opvnotxupiog,n roupKoKu' xpeoon rng vcrnpoyporoBei n crvef,o.prnrouoinon rov nproxn Norvrntoouoxiopnoeo[ rnv Nuepvnon, uorKrv. Zi'rnat, e on ro Oxovoprx xcrr Korvconpof,evdlvrogLrro noporeropevn oDvrcryUcrrlKn eKpernoxeuNnpe rnv eqoppoyn rng vrx Eupouro xpr-prnro.n onoio ef,rxvr-rror rnv npcpuv l;r-xpl pe ouroro0eong, rnv npeqn vo oEopo Aoug rouE pog. rmroynoe, pog, rnv onoxcDpnon cDTn, rng onolKroKoug ooug.To 1952rqxOnxe urreprns rrnpotpcrorzpevn pe rnv nproon rpouonoinong u euOproong clrrolKloKtitveoqv, KclrF Fro or1rcDV n envoNurpro.xn nrupo cruooxonooe ornv po or qrn<piotrrcno oOproio rc4rp<pcooe ileptro Evoon pe rnv Ecro. Aucooe rnv euBuvnrng e xpevo rng ouroro0eons,Lrexprvcr creroprouxn o.noxcirpnong ornv envor<uuproxn rng neupo. popen. Terxo n npocrvoyyel.Beioo cvef,o.prnronoinOr enronpcrvoerg, prog, ourS rorunvovror1rsrcl on rcovcrnorxrcitv uro8ernBnxeenionpo ro exeppro rov eni^oyo rr,rv yeyovrov, rov rinore ev crvcrroD1960.Ero rcrornpouou rppeuoe crurnv npcorn orpeeror Kor n KprrKn pnopei vo ooxeucrruov ovoyyeio oroorotKtoroinong oug opxegrou'50, rng eNrou oorpoloug. pe eopvoro BeuxcrUnvqlcrrcr,rvrov n eurcrrpio oug rooxrxegenvrxegxuepvnoergvo Koro- 'HMEIQ'EIX orpoouvrn orpornyrxn Ncrr rougrnoporrxogxer1. Btr. Farid Mirbagheri, Cyprus and International prouoDs. r-ror(orcvo ueylorofrolouvlov uoKpo- Peacemaking, Hurst & Company, London, 1998,oe).. 12. rct lrvocr oDpeepovro xpcrg rng ornv Knpo, xcr8gNcrr 2. txerlxo pe ug Beperers opxes rng ouwcryporrxng opycrvrons rng Kunproxng npoxporiog, L. f. ro oupeepovro rou KurrprclKou Envropou. Iloncrnlrnrpiou, To tDvtayltauK llp4tct rng KunpnKng eutepov, ToupKioeKUeroeOnxe oirnpo rng n ro Anpoxpariag, ABnvo, A. Xoxxoutrog 1997,oe. 36 K.er. Evoong,rov evenoxnong rrnpollroreoetg,yro vo 3. Bi,. K. Xpuoooroping, To Kparcg tng Kunpou oro eopeuoei rrorocrBp envrNnneupcr e- Ate1vg Aixcno, A8nvo, A. Eoxxoucrg,1994,or. 76. pe oe rnv pe yxoug ovooxoerg, r<opuEoio. cov crp- 4. B^. N. Kpcvrrrn, Avoxupam lloreia, Kunpog 1960xor ef, rnv 1964,rc[. A', ABnvo, E'TIA, 1985, atL.23-24. vnorxupicr. Eror, n Toupxicreueoe nolrxn rng rnv I

49

': ,

I t

,,

H
Beorgaiag or4 Euv0nxeg Aovivou xat Zupixtg 161-1959, Emcrotpog, A0nvo 1996.

AeeNoroy a.N.,
Ilopeia oh0pov: Kryng 195&1974, A0nvo 1984.

flanarooprroY r.,
An mv Zupixn e4 rcv Awiav, eN. Aoro,A0nvo 1980. f. flanaxlpEoY r., Knpog: to vov <<xl> too EAnvtolto,ex.Bountorv Envov, A8nvo 1956.

BpzaNHr n.,
H eAnvun Kvryto1, ABnvo.1951.

KovrroxpPAr r.,
H Kunpog xat ra av7gxitnwa tedfrn, A8nvcr 1956. KpaNrlrotHl N., AinxoAa xgnvn: Knpog 1950-19ffi, Eorio.,A0nvo 1981. Avox1mm noAtreia: Kryng 196G 7974,Br)ronoeiov rng <Eorio.g> I. . Kol.opou& Eiog, ABnvo, 1985.

IapoyoazuAr r.,
EMdg xat Knpog: Tpayrca oqfrpata, evxatpieg nou xd0nxav (19 @ep. 19&-L5IouA. 1965),tt<. Mucpyon.A8nvo 1982. fitYXOoPrlHr r., H aoAotm Kn1ng, n atrbwa eAnwxn yn: Iotopiq noAtttoltg xat oneLetfretrmaxoi ayveg an mg npoioroptxng neptou 1txpt rcu onpeprvo trnparrco aneherfr eSmuxo ayvog, A8nvq 1956.

Ilanaoorur o.,
H Kapnaoia otov ayva mg E.O.K.A., Aepeog1993.

floynnor r.,
EMdg - Kryng - Bpenavia, A8nvo 1956.

Kyppru x.,
Knpog,Toupxia xat envrcpg: Oeopoi, opg, oxoery, nponpam, ex. opnouoo, Aeuxooio 1980. H Kuryngpemf, Avarong xat Aweory onpepov: Euyton e tnv a0ur65nv avaAww rng napotnng qnoeag p;ng navdpxang rynyaiag, Aeur<ooicr 1964.

Prrrarr.,
H EAAaa Kat ta eOwxa mg ixaru: Knpog xat BopetoHnetpog, ABnvq 1956.

Erpoaxonoynorr.,
To Kunpnxv erg mv tdoxegrn Aovivou xat mv L EuvAetnw cou OIIE: Ayot xat anawnoeg e4 rcr4 Bpetavvog xat Topxot4, A8nvo 1956.

fparNor x.,
Knpog 1955-1958(ZocrIng), (Aeuxooicr)1958

AaNrHnrlHE ^., H Kryngxat n ayyAtxnpaoxa,

Lund, euxotoio 1975.

Aararol r.,
O Eerppngxat n Kvnpog, Ixcrpog, ABnvo 1984.

Exmara.,
E dq eivan xat n Knpog, A0nvcr 1956.

AoNrar r.,
An rcv apxarctdtav xpvav n Knpog nto avxa0ev Envun, yog erEovn0eig ev N. Ypxn rn 7 Auyouorou1955,Ynnpeoio Tnou fevrxng Euvolroouoviog rotv floqrv lloe1notv rng Ecrog (A8nvo) (x.x.).

Aoizrlur r.,
An tnv rctopiav rcu Kunpnxo, llovenvro Ercrrpeicr Aurorcr0oeog Knpou, A0nvo 1973. H Knpog mtei awota0eow, ABnvo 1956. Awxn Kntrng: ndry znoa m4 n&oug xat Yot4 xanpog mg 79707980,tr<.Muepyon, A0nvo 1980.

Xpy::aNour N.,
Dra owdLa 4nwq tx. Kuuproxn, Aeuxooio 1957. Ila0og yta va erepo outrnv. er<. uprxn Kuupog, Aeurorcio 1959. Hpoxrtmy MAav, euxcooio1960. Ilotnpam rcu ozeLev0elxottxo ayva mg Knpou 1955-1959, ex. Envxo llveulrorrxo Op.iou Kunpou.Acuxt'-roio 1979. -H Konpog eivat eAnwxn: H Aeoxn Bi,og tou aneAetfr e1rcaxo aydvog, x. lleprorxo <Ayv rrov E).eu0epcov EBvcjp, ABnvo 1954. -H KonPog FaC= Ow CYPrus, E0vrxn Evoorg Envov, ABnvq 1957. -Kapog, Ioropia, npoAnparu xat ayritvegws Aao rng, Eorio, A0nvo 1981.

ZarxzraeHPAr N.,
H aLwoepvn Kunpog pag ex. N. Arxrdnn & YrV ASnvo 1954.

MaxnoyzaPl^Hr rT.,
Kunpog 1940-1960: HpepoAyto rcv e{eAifeav, ex. lLE. Moxouzcrping, Aeuxooicr 1985.

ZaNaNrprr,
EmvxAayyntav nAav: Marcpvn Kn5ng, A0nvo 1956. Ilpyua MEEoTETAKcJN MtrAETQN, Emornpovrx Eulruorope riro AroorooergrrrtvEnvoroupxrxv oxoec,:v: Aryoio-Kunpog, Ipupo Meooyeroxv MeercitrlABnvq, 1986.

Kapauaxor r.,
Kn{ng, ABnvo 1954.

KrvrenolHr r.,
Tooep4 atdtveg nAotpauxng 1nompmrcC otov eqxttnaix xpo: an mv Erynvn mg

ZrneanrHe.,
H Kunpog: EAAnveg un peuavunv xtsptapxiav, Buchdruckerel Frickert & CoI.. Bepoivo 1940.

50

Aepoq, Moxprog, Kupolrovrig ou(qrov oro nepr0rlpro Arooxe[qg Aovivou r4g rou