NURS 1566 Clinical Form 3: Clinical Medications Worksheets

(You will need to make additional copies of these forms)

Generic Name Trade Name Classification Dose Route Time/frequency

glipizide Glucotrol XL Antidiabetics, 10 mg PO daily
sulfonylureas
Peak Onset Duration Normal dosage range
1-2 hr 15-30 min up to 24 hr 5 mg/day initially, increased as needed (range 2.5-40 mg/day); XL
dosage form is given once daily. Doses >15 mg/day may be given as 2
divided doses of regular-release product (not XL). (Geriatric
Patients ): 2.5 mg/day initially.
Why is your patient getting this medication For IV meds, compatibility with IV drips and/or solutions
Diabetes mellitus N/A

Mechanism of action and indications Nursing Implications (what to focus on)

(Why med ordered)
Lowers blood sugar by stimulating the release of insulin from
the pancreas and increasing the sensitivity to insulin at receptor
sites. May also decrease hepatic glucose production.
Contraindications/warnings/interactions
Hypersensitivity. Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides (cross-sensitivity
may occur). Insulin-dependent diabetics. Diabetic coma or
ketoacidosis. Severe renal, hepatic, thyroid, or other endocrine
disease. Uncontrolled infection, serious burns, or trauma. Geriatric
patients (increased sensitivity; dosage reduction may be required).
Severe renal disease (increased risk of hypoglycemia). Infection,
stress, or changes in diet may alter requirements for control of blood
sugar. Malnutrition, high fever, prolonged nausea, or vomiting.
Common side effects
Photosensitivity, hypoglycemia, APLASTIC ANEMIA

Interactions with other patient drugs, OTC or herbal medicines Lab value alterations caused by medicine
(ask patient specifically) May cause an increase in AST, LDH, BUN, and serum creatinine.
Patients on concurrent beta-blocker therapy may have very
subtle signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Like Toprol XL Be sure to teach the patient the following about this medication
Do not take if unable to eat. If hypoglycemia occurs, advise patient to
drink a glass of orange juice or ingest 2-3 tsp of sugar, honey, or corn
syrup dissolved in water or an appropriate number of glucose tablets
and call Dr. Encourage patient to follow prescribed diet, medication,
and exercise regimen to prevent hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic
episodes. Advise patient to carry a form of sugar (sugar packets, candy)
and identification describing disease process and medication regimen
at all times. Advise patient to notify health care professional promptly
if unusual weight gain, swelling of ankles, drowsiness, shortness of
breath, muscle cramps, weakness, sore throat, rash, or unusual
bleeding or bruising occurs. Emphasize the importance of routine
follow-up exams.
Nursing Process- Assessment Assessment Evaluation
(Pre-administration assessment) Why would you hold or not give this med? Check after giving
Observe for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemic Overdose is manifested by symptoms of Control of blood glucose levels
reactions (sweating, hunger, weakness, dizziness, hypoglycemia. Mild hypoglycemia may be without the appearance of
tremor, tachycardia, anxiety). treated with administration of oral glucose. hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic
episodes.