Analytical research papers

Analytical research paper, essentially a sub-type of an informative research paper, is a type of paper that presents information on the topic. However, instead of merely presenting the information, the writer must be able to conduct factual analysis of the data he or she presents. That is, evaluate his research materials in a manner that is unbiased. Do not confuse analysis with description. Presentation of bold facts has nothing to do with analysis. Development of own analytical skills is a key to success in writing of an analytical research paper. First and foremost, you have to choose the right topic. Trust your experience and sometimes intuition. You should choose topics in which you have deep knowledge, otherwise you will be unable to perform analysis of the selected issues. Analytical research papers are, perhaps, the most difficult to write. So, make proper preparations before sitting down to work.

Descriptive research project --

Descriptive research projects are designed to provide systematic information about a social phenomena. The researcher does not begin with hypotheses, but is likely to develop hypotheses after collecting data. Systematic information means careful selection of the units studied and careful measurement of each variable. Example: The Center for Disease Control report, "Tobacco Use among High School Students" (in Reader) is Descriptive. The Editorial Note at the end shows that it also is policy research.

Applied research is defined as systematic study to gain knowledge or understanding necessary to determine the means by which a recognized and specific need may be met.

The basic definition for applied research is any fact gathering project that is conducted with an eye to acquiring and applying knowledge that will address a specific problem or meet a specific need within the scope of an entity. Just about any business entity or community organization can benefit from engaging in this type of research.

Basic Research

Basic research is used to explore the fundamental bases of behavior, without regard to how those bases are manifested in the real world. Basic research aims to explain, predict, and describe fundamental bases of behavior. For example, a popular memory procedure is to have people respond to words on a computer screen as fast as possible (e.g., saying the word, pressing a key). This can tell researchers about how information in your memory is linked to other information. Does this ever happen in real life? Outside of a really weird video game, probably not. Is it important? Yes, it can tell us a great deal about the processes of memory. This procedure is just one example but in fact, much of psychological research is basic research.

Fundamental research is research that is carried out in an attempt at discovery, and has been described as being curiosity driven. When people undertake fundamental research they do so in order to learn about what it is they are researching, and as such it very often leads to new insights. From this basis, it is possible for new developments and solutions to old problems to be considered.

One of the characteristics of fundamental research is that the results can often be unpredictable and unexpected. It also needs the person or the people who are doing the research to have open minds as to what they actually discover, as opposed to having a pre-conceived notion of what may occur and so only addressing what they believe to be pertinent. It is also necessary for what may appear to be unrelated facts to be taken into consideration. This means that fundamental research has often got to be multidisciplinary by its very nature.

Applied research differs from fundamental research because it is used to solve actual problems rather than just a way of gaining knowledge. This means that many scientists use applied research in an attempt to resolve some of the many very real issues that face the modern world, such as improving crop production; treating or curing particular diseases; and improving the energy efficiency of buildings, and transportation.

There are some scientists who feel very strongly about the two different types of research and who believe that more emphasis should be placed upon applied research in a concerted effort to improve the human condition, and the future of the world as a planet; a necessity brought about by problems such as over population, the over-use of the earths resources, and pollution.

Qualitative research is something that is related to or something that is concerned with quality rather than numeric values. It is derived from the Middle English word producing a primary quality. It is also considered to be an important in terms of subjects, where it is divided into two different terms. One is Qualitative marketing research and Qualitative research.

Quality research is mostly applied in social sciences. This kind of research generally digs into human behaviour and also the various reasons that revolve around governing human behaviour. Qualitative research is used in some of the fields like women's studies, disability studies, education studies, social work studies, information studies, management studies, nursing service studies, human service studies and others.

On the other hand Qualitative marketing research is used mostly for marketing and social science.

to measure the number of people who feel, think and act in particular ways. A quantitative survey is said to include the answers of at least 50 subjects, and questions tend to have a number of responses for people to choose from. These responses are collected, analysed and evaluated to make a decision based on the information given. Advantages of quantitative research are that it allows for a larger study with a higher number of people, and this in turn will generalise results. It also allows for a greater degree of objectivity in that the research involves very few variables and prescribed procedures ensure a reliable set of answers. Another advantage of quantitative research is that it uses standards that can be analysed and compared with other studies of a similar nature, and the procedures make sure that the results are reliable and valid. A personal opinion or bias can be avoided because of the large numbers of people, preferably people unknown to the surveyor, providing the information. Some disadvantages of quantitative research are that the results collected are of a narrow set, and that they are limited because there is very little detail and not much room for people to elaborate if they wanted to do so. The results of quantitative research are said to be "laboratory" as opposed to real world. This is because there is a level of control to the questions. This level of control also means that some people may just agree with the answer that is the closest match to the answer they wanted to give. The development of standard questions can lead to a bias from the researcher as the questions may be intentionally, or unintentionally weighted to favour a particular set of answers.

A conceptual framework is an attempt to model or understand some aspect of the world. The more accurate the model the more theoretical weight it carries it explaining or predicting its subject. A conceptual framework can be used to build better theories, clarify practical issues, or design technological solutions.

An empirical article is a research article that reports the results of a study that uses data derived from actual observation or experimentation.

A longitudinal study is a correlational research study that involves repeated observations of the same variables over long periods of time often many decades. It is a type of observational study. Longitudinal studies are often used in psychology to study developmental trends across the life span, and in sociology to study life events throughout lifetimes or generations. The reason for this is that unlike cross-sectional studies, in which different individuals with same characteristics are compared,

Field research or fieldwork is the collection of information outside of a laboratory, library or workplace setting. The approaches and methods used in field research varies across disciplines. For example, biologists who conduct field research may simply observe animals interacting with their environments, whereas social scientists conducting field research may interview or observe people in their natural environments to learn their languages, folklore, and social structures. Field research involves a range of well-defined, although variable, methods: informal interviews, direct observation, participation in the life of the group, collective discussions, analyses of personal documents produced within the group, self-analysis, results from activities undertaken off- or on-line, and lifehistories. Although the method generally is characterized as qualitative research, it may (and often does) include quantitative dimensions.

Clinical research is a branch of medical science that determines the safety and effectiveness of medications, devices, diagnostic products and treatment regimens intended for human use. These may be used for prevention, treatment, diagnosis or for relieving symptoms of a disease. Clinical Research is different than clinical practice. In clinical practice, one used established treatments while in clinical research evidence is collected to establish a treatment. Laboratory research is research that is conducted in a room or room or building equipped for scientific experimentation or research. Laboratory research attempts to investigate naturally occurring behaviors under controlled conditions with manipulated variables. This allows for the researcher to concluded causality between two variables, which is difficult to establish in natural settings without controlled conditions and manipulated variables.