-

22/11/2006

( ) 1
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( obstacles pistmologiques ) .

2

, asymptotic , asymptote
!

22/11/2006

, ,
.

,

..

f : \ \ , >0

f [, + ] f .
- f , y= ( )

.
, ,

2
x + sin x , 0
f ( x) =
x
+ y=
0 , = 0

.:
f ( x)
= lim
lim
x
x
x

= lim( f ( ) ) = lim( +
x

1
x + sin x 2
1
x
= lim(1 + 2 sin x 2 ) = 1 + 0 = 0
x
x
x
sin 2 ) = 0

1
f ( x) = x + sin x 2 +
x

y=x , .
, f(x)=x , :

1
sin x 2 = 0 sin x 2 = 0 sin x 2 = sin 0
1
x
0
x

x = 2k + 0

2
2
, ] ( x = , ])
x = (2k + 1) 0
2

= , ` . .

y=x

1
f ( x) = x + sin x 2
x

22/11/2006

lim
x +

f ( x)
x

\ , f ( x )

f ( x ) = x + 2 x / \ ,

..

f (x )
x + 2 x
=
=
lim
lim
x
x + x
x +

2 x
= lim 1 +
= 1+ 0 = 1
x
x +

lim ( f ( x ) x ) = lim 2 x . , x n = 2n + ,
x +

x +

2
2
2
lim x n = lim 2n = lim 1 = 1 ,

n +

y n = 2 n +

n +

n +

+ , lim 2 y n = lim 0 = 0 .
2
n +
n +

f ( x ) = x + x y=x ,
2

[, + ) (- ,-] ( >0 , )
0

22/11/2006

x
x

, x 0
= 0 lim
= 0 ,
f ( x ) = x
: lim
x + x
x x
1,

x = 0
y=0 ( xx) f ( x ) .

f ( x )

xx () ,

x
= 0x = 0 ( x = , ] ) .
x
x0

, x 0

1,
x = 0

, f ( x ) = x

+ - ,

,
( )
;

:
, , . ,
, ,
!

lim f ( x) = + lim f ( x) = lim+ f ( x) = lim f ( x) =
x x0

x x0

x x0

x x0

lim f ( x) = + lim f ( x) = + .
x x0+

x x0

: lim f ( x0 )
x x0

f ( x0 ) , , lim f ( x)
x x0

22/11/2006

:
;
:

.

.
;
:
, , ,
, ,
!. ,
!

.
, >0 f [, + ]
f () .

,
.