A abaku (a/u) (A) send, lead, (B) uproot abalu (a/a) dry up, dry out (intrans.

) abatu (a/u) (A) destroy, (B) flee (mostly in N stem) abbuttu slave lock (a hair-style characteristic of slaves) abnu (m./f.) stone abu (pl. abbu) father abubu deluge, flood abullu city-gate adannu (specified) moment, period (of time) adaru (a/u) (A) become worried, become disturbed, (B) fear, reverence adi (prep./conj.) until, up to, as long as, together with ad (pl.) formal agreement, treaty agagu (a/u) become angry agaru (a/u) hire, rent ag crown, tiara agurru baked brick, paving slab ahame (adv.) each other, one another, together, alike ahatu sister ahazu (a/u) take, seize, marry, learn ahu (pl. ahhu) brother ahu (pl. ahu or ahatu) side of body, arm, bank, shore ah (adj.) strange (person), foreigner, additional, other ay (e or i) not (vetitive particle) ayyabu enemy ayy who, which, what (interrogative) akalu bread, food akalu (a/u) eat, consume, take for oneself, be entitled to the use of alaku (a/i) go, walk, move about, (with ventive) come, arrive ali where (interrogative) allu hoe alpu bull, ox alu city amaru (a/u) see, look at, examine, experience ammini (< ana minim) why (interrogative) amtu slave woman, slave girl amurru west ana (prep.) to, for, because of, in order to anahu (a/a) become tired, collapse anaku tin (and/or lead) anaku I anduraru freedom ann this (here or the aforementioned) anumma (adv.) now, now then, herewith apalu (a/u) answer, pay, repay aplu heir appu nose appuna (adv.) moreover, besides, in addition, furthermore apputtu please, it is urgent aps underground lake (the freshwater sea that existed under the world) araku (i/i) become long araru (a/u) curse arhi (adv.) quickly, soon arhu cow arnu crime, sin, guilt, punishment as physician aar (prep./conj) where aaridu (aaredu) first (class), foremost, prince aru place

aatu wife aum (conj.) because aum (prep.) because of, on account of, on behalf of, regarding, concerning atta you (m. sing.) atti you (f. sing.) attina you (f. pl.) attunu you (m. pl.) awatu (amatu) word, matter, affair, decision, news awilu (amelu) man, citizen aw (u/u) speak (mostly in Gt) B baaru (a-class) catch (fish/animals), hunt baau (a-class) come to shame babu gate bak (i/i) weep, cry balalu (a/u) mix balau (u/u) become well, be alive, live balu (prep.) without baniu builder, maker ban (i/i) (A) build, create, engender, (B) become pleasant, become beautiful, grow baqamu (a/u) pluck (hair or wool) baqaru (a/u) claim (legally) baraqu (i/i) flash (of lightning), strike with lightning barbaru wolf bar (i/i) look at, inspect, observe baalu (a/a) boil, roast, ripen baamu (i/i) form, design, build ba (i/i) be, exist, be present, be available bataqu (a/u) cut off, cut through, divide bu (a-class) go along, go through, go over baalu (i/i) cease beltu lady, mistress belu lord, master, owner blu (e-class) rule ber (e/e) become hungry, go hungry, starve beru mile, double-hour biltu burden, tribute, rent, yield, talent (weight) biri (or birit) (prep.) between, among birku leg, knee, lap, sexual parts birtu citadel, castle, fort biru divination biu possession bitu house, household, estate, temple, building bubutu hunger, famine, sustenance budu shoulder bukru son, child bulluu (D stem) heal, give life to bulu (collective) (herd of) cattle, sheep, horses bunu face, features, appearance buqlu malt burtu well, cistern buru calf buu (bu) valuables, goods, property bu (D and derived stems only) seek, search for, examine, wish D

dababu (u/u) speak, tell dabd (damd, dawd) defeat, massacre dadmu (pl.) inhabited world (settlements and inhabitants) dagalu (a/u) look (at) dayyanu judge dku (u-class) kill, defeat, mistreat dalahu (a/u) stir up, disturb, confuse dalalu (a/u) proclaim, glorify, praise daltu door damamu (u/u) mourn damaqu (i/i) prosper, flourish, have good fortune, be pleasing damu blood dananu (i/i) become strong, become powerful dannatu famine, distress, fortress danni (adv.) very, greatly, much dannu (adj.) strong, powerful, difficult, serious, severe dar (adj.) everlasting, perpetual, enduring dek (i/i) remove, mobilize, arouse, muster, summon diau (i-class) thresh dianu (i-class) judge, start a lawsuit dimtu tower, fortification dimtu tear, weeping dinu verdict, judgment, lawsuit, law, case diparu torch dipu honey dullu misery, forced labor, work, ritual duru (A) city-wall, (B) continuity, permanent status E ebebu (i/i) become (ritually) clean, become pure eberu (i/i) cross (over) eburu harvest, crop, summer edelu (i/i) lock edeu (i/i) become new eg (i/i) be careless, be negligent ekallu (f.; pl. ekallatu) palace ekdu (adj.) fierce ekelu (i/i) become dark ekemu (i/i) take away (by force) ekurru (f.; pl. ekurratu) temple elelu (i/i) become pure, become free eli (prep.) above, over, on, against, beyond elippu (f.; pl. elippetu) boat, ship el (adj.) high el (i/i) go up, become high emedu (i/i) lean against, impose (taxes, punishments, etc.) emu father-in-law, son-in-law emuqu strength enequ (i/i) suck eneu (i/i) become weak enu weak en (i/i) change (trans.) enu ruler, lord, high priest enzu she-goat, goat eperu (epru) dirt, dust epeu (e/u;u/u) make, do, act, perform epinnu (seeder) plow epitu work, act, deed, construction, ritual, magic eqlu field, area

erb (arbaum) four erebu (u/u) enter, go in erenu cedar ereu smell, scent, fragrance ereu (i/i) ask, request, desire ereu (i/i;u/u;a/u) cultivate, plow, seed eriqqu (f.) wagon, cart eritu wish, request, (object of) desire erpetu cloud erreu farmer, cultivator erretum curse, malediction eretu earth eru (f.) bed er copper eseru (i/i) (A) press for payment, collect, (B) enclose, confine eedu (i/i) harvest eemtu bone eenu (i/i) smell (trans.) eeru (i/i) draw, make a design eeru (i/i) go straight, prosper er (adj.) tenth er (eer) ten eu new e (i/i) confuse, trouble, become confused, become troubled etellu prince, lord etequ (i/i) pass by, pass through, go beyond, cross over eeru (i/i) (A) take away, save, (B) pay elu (young) man e (i/i) become dark, become dim ew (i/i) become, turn into, change (intrans.) ezebu (i/i) leave behind, abandon, divorce ezezu (i/i) become angry, become fierce ezzu (adj.) angry, fierce G gabbu entirety, all, every galatu (u/u) twitch, become nervous, become frightened gallabu barber gamalu (i/i) spare, save, perform a kind act gamaru (a/u) bring to an end, come to an end, finish, end gamru (adj.) whole, complete gaaru (i/i) become powerful gazazu (a/u) shear (sheep and goats) ger (i/i) become hostile, start a lawsuit gigun terrace-temple gimillu act of kindness, favor, mercy gimru totality, all, universe girru (m.) fire girru (m./f.) road, journey, caravan, military campaign giimmaru (m./f.) date palm ginugallu alabaster gitmalu (adj.) equal, noble, perfect gugallu water regulator, canal inspector gullubu (D stem) shave, shave off guuru log, beam H habalu (a/u) (A) oppress, wrong, ravage, (B) borrow

habatu (a/u) rob, take away (by force) had (u/u;i/i) rejoice, become glad halapu (u/u) cover, clothe halaqu (i/i) vanish, become lost, escape, flee, run away halu fortress, fortification, district hamau (a/u) burn, be inflamed hamau (u/u) hasten, be quick hamu (adj.) fifth hamu (hami) five harpu (adj.) early harranu road, trip, caravan, military expedition hasasu (a/u) think of, be mindful of, heed, become intelligent hasisu ear, hearing, intelligence, understanding hainu axe haahu (i/i;a/u) need, require, desire, like ha lungs hattu (f.) panic, fear hau scepter, staff, stick ha (i/i) make a mistake, neglect, sin hazannu mayor hegallu abundance hep (i/i) break her (i/i) dig hiau (i-class) watch over, examine, search, pay himetu ghee hitu fault, harm, negligence, sin hubullu debt, obligation, interest (on a debt) hulqu lost (object) hurau gold huranu (pl.) mountain (region) huahhu famine, scarcity, need I ibru friend, peer idu (m./f.) arm, side idu (pl.) hire, wages, rent id (i/i irreg.) know igaru wall ikkaru plowman, farmer, cultivator ikkibu crime, abomination ikletu darkness ilku feudal service (required goods or services provided in exchange for the use of land) illatu (f.) clan, confederates, army, caravan iltu goddess ilu god imbaru fog, mist imeru ass, homer (measure of capacity) imittu right (side or hand; m. = imnu) immeru sheep ina (prep.) in, into, from, out of, with, by means of inanna (adv.) now inbu fruit, fruit tree inu (f.) eye inu (conj.) when, at the time that inuma (conj.) when, after, while, as soon as ipru (barley) ration, food allowance irbu gifts (to god or king), income (of temple, etc.) irtu chest, breast isinnu festival

isqu lot, share, fortune iuru bird iu wood, tree iaru (adj.) straight, just, prosperous, favorable iatu fire idu (usually du.) foundation, base, bottom ikaru (m./f.) (assigned) work, work assignment, finished product iparu (uparu) weaver iiakku (city) ruler, (a type of) farmer itanu (iltanu) north iten one itenu (adj.) first itu (prep./conj.) from, out of, after, since i (u or i; irreg.) have itinnu (house) builder itti (prep.) (together) with, from ittu mark, sign, omen itt (i) (crude) bitumen it border, adjacent to, neighbor Y janu (there) is not, (there) are not ji to me, for me (dat.) jti me (acc.) K kabaru (i/i) become thick kabasu (a/u) step, tread (on) kabattu liver, heart, mind, humor kabatu (i/i) become heavy kabtu heavy, important, difficult kadru wild, fierce, raging kayyani (adv.) constantly kayyanu (adj.) lasting, enduring, perpetual kakkabu star kakku weapon, mace kalmu every kind, all kalbu dog kal totality, all, whole, entirety kal (a/a) hold back, retain, stop kamaru (a/u;i/i) pile up, amass kamasu (i/i) (A) gather together, (B) bow down, kneel kam (i/i) bind kanaku (a/u) seal kanau (u/u) humble oneself, submit, bow down knu (u-class) become firm, become true kapadu (u/u) plan, scheme, arrange kaparu (a/u) wipe off kappu wing karabu (a/u) bless, pray, dedicate, greet karanu wine karmu ruin, wasteland karpatu vessel, pot kar (i/i;u/u) become short karu quay, trading-post, warehouse, commercial center kaspu silver, money kas (u/u;i/i) bind

kasu cup, goblet ka$aru (a/u) knot, fasten, join (together) ka$ (i/i) become cold kaadu (a/u) reach, arrive, conquer katamu (a/u) clothe, cover ki (prep./conj.) like, as, so kiam (adv.) thus, so, as follows kibratu (pl.) quarters, world-regions kibru bank, shore, edge kidanu (adv.) outside, out kidinnu (type of) privilege, protection kilalla(n) (du. tantum) both kima (prep./conj.) like, as, when, as soon as, that kimtu family kimu in place of, as kini truly kinu (adj.) faithful, true, firm, permanent kir orchard, garden kiadu bank (of a river), neck, throat kipu sorcery, magic kiatu totality, world, universe kittu truth, permanence, faithfulness, justice kudurru boundary, boundary-stone kullu (D stem only) hold (firmly), hold back kullumu (D stem only) show kunau emmer (wheat) kunukku seal, sealed document kupru bitumen kurru kor (dry measure) kurummatu (daily) food (allowance), nourishment, per diem kuss chair, throne kuu cold, winter L la not labanu (i/i) (A) throw down, (B) make bricks labaru (i/i) become old labau (a/a;i/i) clothe (oneself), wear (clothes), put on (clothes) labbu (labu) lion labiru (adj.) old lama (prep./conj.) before (time) lamadu (a/a) learn, know, find out lamassu protective spirit, genie lapan (prep./conj.) before lapanu (i/i) become poor lapatu (a/u) touch, grasp, afflict lasamu (u.u) run, gallop law (i/i) surround, encircle, besiege lemenu (i/i) become bad, become evil lemnu (adj.) bad, evil leq (i/i) take, receive, accept letu cheek le (i/i) be able, win, overcome leu tablet libbatu rage, fury libbu heart, mind, inside, middle, midst libittu (mud) brick limmu (limu) (year) eponym limu thousand

lianu tongue, language lu be it, indeed, even if (precative, optative, or asseverative particle) lu lu either or M -ma (enclitic particle with verbs) and ma (particle introducing direct speech) maadu (i-class) become many, become numerous madadu (a/u) measure (grain) madattu tribute madu (adj.) many, numerous magaru (a/u) be in agreement, reach an agreement, agree, please, grant maharu (a/u) receive, face, oppose, confront maha$u (a/a) beat, strike mahazu cult-city, cult-place mahiru price, value, exchange rate mahru front, front side mahr (adj.) first, former, earliest, next mala (prep./conj.) as much as malahu (malahhu) sailor, boatman malaku (i/i) plan, take counsel malku prince, counsellor mal (a/a) become full mamman anyone (in neg., no one) mannu who (interrogative) man mina (unit of weight) man (u/u) count maqatu fall, happen, arrive marau (u/u) become ill, become sick, become difficult marru spade, shovel maru (f. marutum) (adj.) sick, difficult, painful martu liver, gall bladder martu daughter maru son, child, descendant, member (of a group) maahu (a/u) measure maku skin, hide, leather mamau exorcist ma (i/i) forget mati(ma) at any time, whenever matu (pl. matatu) country, land mtu (u-class) die ma (i/i) become small melammu brightness, splendor meretu cultivation, field mes (i/i) wash naaqu (i/i) kiss -mi (enclitic particle marking direct speech) migru favorite milku advice, plan, counsel, consideration, mood, intent milu flood, high water mimma anything (with neg. nothing), whatever mimma umu anything whatsoever, everything (lit. whatever its name) mimm property, goods minu what (interrogative) mintu (pl. mintu) mass, form miqittu fall miru boundary, border area, district milu half miaru justice

mithari (adv.) equally mitu (adj.) dead m (pl. tantum) water mud savant, one who knows, knower muhhu top (of the head), top part mutalu prudent muu night mutu husband mutu death N naadu (i-class) pay attention to, be careful, be pious nabalkutu cross over, transgress, revolt nabalu (a/u) destroy nab (i/i) call, name nadanu (i/i) give ndu (a-class) praise nad (i/i) throw, throw down, drop naggaru carpenter nagiru herald nag province, region nakadu (u/u) beat (of the heart), become disturbed nakaru (i/i) become different, become hostile, deny nakasu (i/i) cut (through), cut off, cut down nakru (pl. nakrutu) enemy, hostile, outsider namau (u/u) move, move on, start out namkuru property, possession namru (adj.) bright, shining napalsuhu prostate oneself napark cease, fail, stop (work) napahu (a/u) kindle, start a fire napau (u/u) become broad, spread (intrans.) napharu total napitu breath, life naplusu (N stem only) look at, look on (favor ably) nappahu smith naqaru (a/u) destroy, demolish naqbu spring, source naqidu herdsman, shepherd naq (i/i) pour out, make a libation, offer naramu beloved narkabtu chariot nar stele naru river, stream, canal nru (a- or e-class) kill nasahu (a/u) tear out, uproot, transfer, deduct nasaku (u/u) lay down, throw down nasaqu (a/u) select, choose naaru (a/u) guard, preserve, keep, watch (over) naaku (a/u) bite naaqu (i/i) kiss na (i/i) lift, bear, carry, raise nu (u-class) shake, quake naalu (a/u) look at, glance at, see nawaru (namaru) shine, be bright naw steppe, uncultivated land, nomadic encampment nemelu profit nemequ wisdom nertu murder

nes (adj.) distant, remote neu lion nidittu gift nikkassu account, settlement niknakku censer, incense-bowl niq sacrifice, libation, offering niru yoke, rule, niu (f.; pl. tantum) people niu life niu lifting, raising nuhatimmu baker nuhu abundance numatu household goods nunu fish nuru light P pad (i/i) save pagru body, corpse paharu (u/u) gather, assemble (intrans.) palahu (a/a) fear, be afraid of, respect, revere pal turn in office, reign panu front, front side panu face paqadu (i/i) entrust, turn over (to), take care of, administer parakku dais, sanctuary paraku (i/i) bar, forbid access parasu (a/u) cut, separate, divide, decide paru rite, ritual parzillu iron pauru table paa#u (i/i) erase, efface paau (a/u) anoint, rub with oil paahu (a/a;i/i) calm down, subside paaru (a/u) sell, redeem (property), release (from oath, curse, etc.) paaru (a/u) loosen, untie, solve, redeem (hostages), release (troops) paru knife, sword, dagger pau region, boundary peh (i/i) caulk, close pe (i/i) become white, become clean pet (e/e) open (trans.) pihatu province, obligation pilu limestone piqittu task piru seed, offspring pu mouth, entrance, (mostly in pl.) speech, words p straw, chaff puhallu (mature male) animal puhadu lamb puhru assembly puhu substitute pulhu (puluhtu) fear, awe, reverence, respect puridu leg puruss decision, oracle puqu difficulty, distress, need putu forehead, front Q

qablu middle, midst, battle, fight qab (i/i) speak, say, command, order qal (u/u;i/i) burn (trans.) qlu (u-class) be silent, be attentive qam (i/i) burn (trans.) qan reed qaqqadu head, capital, self qaqqaru (open) ground, earth, (empty) space qardu (adj.) warlike qarnu horn qarradu warrior, hero qatu bow qatnu (adj.) narrow, thin qat (i/i) come to an end qatu hand qeberu (i/i) bury, dig qerbu midst, interior qerebu (i/i;u/u) become near, approach qemu flour qiau (i-class) give, present qibitu command, order qinnu nest, family qipu official, agent qitu gift, present qitu end q thread quradu warrior, hero qutrinnu incense qu (D stem only) wait for, await (can be intrans.) R raamu (a-class) love rabau (i/i) lie down, lie in wait (for) rab (adj.) big, large, great rab (i/i) become big, become large, become great, grow up ragamu (u/u) cry (out), shout, claim, make a legal complaint rahau (i/i) flood, destroy rakabu (i/i) mount, ride (on) rakasu (a/u) bind, tie up ramaku (u/u) bathe, wash oneself ramanu self ram (i/i) throw rapau (i/i) become broad, become wide rapadu (u/u) roam, wander rapu (adj.) broad, wide, widespread, numerous ra (i/i) acquire, have, get reb (adj.) fourth red (e/e) lead, bring red (i/i) follow, drive, pursue, lead (animals, captives, etc.) rmu (e-class) pity, have mercy rqu (e-class) become distant reu helper, ally retu (adj.) first, elder, first-class reu head, chief, beginning, top, capital re (i/i) pasture, feed (animals) re shepherd retu shepherdship riabu (i-class) restore, replace

riaqu (i-class) become empty riau (i-class) rejoice ribitu square, market place \ rigmu noise, uproar, shout, fuss rihtu rest, remainder rikistu (contractual) agreement riksu joint, contract rimu wild ox, wild bull riqqu aromatic plant, aromatic essence, perfume rittu hand, wrist, palm (of the hand) rub (ruba u) prince, noble rugumm (legal) claim S sadaru (a/a;i/i) put in order, arrange sahapu (a/u) throw down saharu (a/u) turn (intrans.), return, seek sahl mustard sakapu (i/i) overthrow salahu (a/u) sprinkle salamu (i/i) become reconciled, be at peace with salatu kin, kindred saman (samane) eight samnu (adj.) eighth samu (adj.) red sanaqu (i/i) approach, test, set off (to) sapahu (a/u) disperse, ruin, destroy sapanu (a/u) level, cut down saphu (adj.) scattered sarratu (f. pl.) lies, deceit, deception sarru (A) false, lying, fraudulent, (B) liar, criminal sattukku regular offering, provisions seb (f. sebutu) (adj.) seventh seb (sebe) (f. sebettu) seven sekeru (i/i) dam, block (a river or canal) sihu revolt sikkatu peg sikkuru bolt, bar simmu wound, injury simtu (something) appropriate, fitting, suitable sinnitu woman siparru bronze sis horse sittu remainder, rest suluppu date sunqu need, want supp (D stem only) pray, implore suqu street sutu seah (measure of capacity) abatu (a/a) seize, hold, capture abu (collective) troops, workers alalu (a/a) lie asleep, fall asleep, remain inactive alamu (i/i) become black, become dark almu (adj.) black, dark almu statue, relief, figurine altu fight, quarrel

amadu (i/i) make ready, yoke, harness am (u/u) become thirsty arapu (a/u) (A) refine (metals), fire (bricks), burn, (B) dye red arpi (adv.) bitterly, loudly eheru (i/i) become small, be young ehru small, young elu rib, side enu (adj.) wicked enu (collective) sheep and goats, small cattle eru (A) back, top (of the back), (B) steppe, plain, (C) snake iahu (i-class) laugh, smile ibittu prison, imprisonment ibtu (f.) interest (on a loan) ibtu (m.) (A) seizure, attack, imprisonment, (B) (agricultural) holding ibtu need, want, request illu shade, shadow, protection iru (adj.) first-rank, outstanding, excellent, exalted itu rising (of the sun), emergence, expenditure ubatu garment ullulu (D stem only) roof (a building), provide shade a (indecl.) who, which, of, belonging to (rel. pron.) aalu (a-class) ask, question adadu (a/u) pull, drag, stretch out, measure (land) adalu (i/i) become wide ad mountain, east agau (akau) (i/i) kill, murder, mistreat ahau (a/u) shake off, tear loose ahau (i/i) leap (at or upon) ah pig akanu (a/u) place, set, put, establish, found akkanakku governor, governor-general aknu governor, appointee alalu (a/u) carry off (as booty), carry away, capture, plunder alamu (i/i) become whole, become sound, become well allatu booty alau (ala) three alu (adj.) third al (i/i) sink (intrans.) alutu one third amu sun amaammu probably flax (usually trans lated sesame ) ammu plant, grass, vegetation amnu oil am (pl. tantum) sky, heavens mu (a-class) buy ananu (a/u) rival, oppose an (adj.) other, another, second an (i/i) do again, do for a second time apaku (a/u) pour on, stack, pile up aparu (a/u) send, dispatch, write apl (adj.) lower aptu lip aqalu (a/u) weigh (out), measure, pay aq (i/i) water, give to drink aq (u/u) become high araku (a/u) give, present, bestow arapu (a/u) burn, light

araqu (i/i) steal arratu queen arraqu thief arru king arrutu kingship artu hair ar (adj.) rich, wealthy aru wind, direction as (i/i) cry (out), call (after) atammu clerk, accountant attu (f.; pl. anatu) year at (i/i) drink a#aru (a/u) write, inscribe eberu (i/i) break, break up eb (i/i) become satisfied em (e/e) hear, listen to, heed epu foot ertu offense, punishment eru morning eu (f. editu) six eu (f. edutu) sixth eu grain, barley e (i/i) seek i she, it iamu (i-class) fix, determine (fate) iaim to her, for her, to it, for it (f. sing. dat.) iati her, it (f. sing. acc.) ibbu belt ibu gray, old, elder, witness ibutum testimony iddu side, measurement ikaru beer imtu fate, destiny imu price, purchase ina they (f. pl.) ina (du. tantum) two inaim to them, for them (f. pl. dat.) inati them (f. pl. acc.) innu tooth ipatu (pl.) wool ipru work, activity, message, messenger iqlu shekel iranu muscle, sinew iriktu gift, present iru flesh, meat itta(n) (du. tantum) two thirds izbu milk u he, it uaim (im) to him, for him, to it, for it (m. sing. dat.; later also f.) uati (ti) him, it (m. sing. acc.; later also f.) ubtu dwelling, abode uknu bow down, prostrate oneself uklulu ( stem) finish, perfect, complete ulmanu gift ulmu welfare, well-being, health uluhhu ritual cleansing, hand washing, ritual umelu left (side or hand) umma if umruu (very) ill, (very) sick umu name, offspring, progeny

umu onion, leek, aliaceous plant unu they (m. pl.) unuim to them, for them (m. pl. dat.) unuti them (m. pl. acc.) uplu exchange up (adj.) highly esteemed, high uquru precious uru root urudu ( stem) establish (firmly), found urqu stolen (object) uttu (f.; pl. unatu) dream utu south T tabaku (a/u) pour out tabalu (a/a) take away, take for oneself tahazu battle takalu (a/a) confide (in), trust, entrust, give allegience to tamahu (a/u) grasp, take tamharu battle tamkaru merchant tam (a/a) swear tapp companion, friend, (business) associate tarau (a/u) stretch out, extend, point (a finger) taru extent, duration, time (a point in time or a period of time) tru (u-class) turn, return (intrans) tawirtu (tamirtu) meadow tazzimtu complaint teb (i/i) rise (up), revolt (intrans) tem(m)ennu foundation (of a building) trtu command, order, omen (report) tiamtu sea tibnu straw tillu ruin, hill, tell ti (adj.) ninth ti (tie) nine tukultu trust tupikku (or #upikku) basket (for carrying bricks) tuqumtu (or tuqmatu) battle abahu (a/u) slaughter abtu salt abu (adj.) good, sweet, pleasing aradu (a/u) send (animate objects), drive away atu gift, bribe eb (i/i) sink (intrans.) eh (e/e) approach, draw near, come near emu understanding, news, report, instruction iabu (i-class) become good, become sweet, become pleasant iddu clay uparru (or tuparru) scribe uppu (or tuppu) tablet U u and, or ubanu finger

ud (household) vessel ugaru field, meadow uiltu contract, report ul (ula) not ull that (over there), (the) other umma thus, as follows (introduces direct quotations) ummanu (f.; pl. ummanatu) army ummnu craftsman, master, expert ummu (f.; pl. ummatu) mother umu day, time, weather, storm unqu ring unutu vessel, (household) utensil, equipment uqn lapis lazuli urhu way, road uriu he-goat, goat urru light, day ur (male) horse uru roof usatu help, aid uurtu plan, drawing, design, outline uu (pl.) foundation utnennu (irreg. verb) pray utulu (irreg. verb) lie (down) uznu ear, feeling, understanding, intelligence uzuzzu (izuzzu) (irreg. verb) stand, serve, be available w wabalu (a/i) bring, carry waklu overseer waladu (a/i) give birth, bear, beget, fashion wap become visible, appear (mostly in stems) waqaru (i/i) become rare, become scarce, become costly waradu (a/i) go down, descend waraqu (i/i) become yellowish green, become green wardu slave warhu month warka (conj.) after warki (prep.) after wark (adj.) later, future warqu green, yellowish green war (u/u) lead, guide wru (a-class) go (off), (mostly in D stems) send, command, instruct wa (i/i) go out waabu (a/i) sit, dwell, be (located) wau (adj.) difficult, unpleasant watar (adv) further, excessively wataru (i/i) be excessive watru (adj.) extra, surpassing, superfluous wiu (adj.) (too) small, little, few wuuru (D stem only) release, let go, leave behind Z zabalu (i/i) carry, bear zairu hostile (used as noun enemy) zakaru (a/u) declare, name, invoke, mention zak (u/u) become clean, become free, become clear zamaru (u/u) sing

zananu (a/u) support, provide food for zananu (u/u) rain zaqapu (a/u) erect, point upward, plant, set up zzu (u-class) divide, share zeru seed zru (e-class) hate ziaqu (i-class) blow (of wind), storm (intrans.) zibbatu tail zikaru (zikru) man, male zikru name, command, utterance, oath ziqnu beard zittu part, share zumru body zunnu rain