vi Contents

Direct systems gaseous fuels (primarily convective) 103 Direct systems electrical (primarily radiant) 107 Direct systems electrical (primarily convective) 111 Control of direct systems 112 Indirect systems liquid media 113 Indirect systems vapour media 114 Indirect systems gaseous media 115 Factors affecting choice 116 5 Electrical storage heating 120 Methods of storage 120 Capacity of the heat store 121 Capacity of room stores 123 Capacity of central stores 127 Equipment for room stores 128 Equipment for central stores 134 Electrical supply to storage equipment and installations 6 Indirect heating systems 144 Water systems characteristics 144 Water systems piping arrangements Steam systems characteristics 158 Steam systems piping arrangements Air systems characteristics 165 Pipework heat emission 168 External distribution systems 171 7 Heat emitting equipment 176 Principal criteria 176 Radiant heating 178 Combined radiant and convective heating Convective heating 194 8 Pumps and other auxiliary equipment 203 Pumps 203 System pressurisation 212 Non-storage calorifiers 216 Condensate handling equipment 220 Steam pressure reduction 223 Heat meters 224 Hours-run meters 227 Air venting, etc. 228 Air venting 228 Corrosion 229 9 Piping design for indirect heating systems 232 Water systems principles 232 Water systems applications 236 Water systems footnotes 247 Water systems gravity circulation 248

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