TRIGONOMETRIC

FUNCTIONS

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 Ø The study of trigonometry
HISTORY helps us to understand
the relationships
between the corners &
sides of triangles.
Ø It is used in field like
aviation, surveying,
engineering &
construction.
Ø Ancient mathematicians
used trigonometry to
find precise
measurements of
lengths & angles of
27-02-2010
buildings & structures.
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS – CHAPTER 5 2
5.1 POSITIVE AND
NEGATIVE ANGLES
 5.1.1 Angles greater than 360° or 2∏
radians.
 5.1.1 (a) Concept of an angle
Ø It is convenient to let the vertex of the angle (
Ø) coincide with the origin 0 of the
Cartesian plane.
Ø One ray of the angle remains fixed on the
positive x-axis.
Ø The other ray ( rotating ray ) is then rotated
to generate an angle.
 y
 Vertex


 Ø
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Ø
Ø The angle is positive Ø The angle is a
angle if it is created negative angle if the
by turning the rotation is in the
rotating ray in an clockwise direction.
anticlockwise
direction about the
origin.

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5.1.1 (b) Positive angles that are greater
than 360° or 2∏ radians.
Ø Each time the rotating ray has moved
through a complete circle, it has made a
revolution.
Ø An angle formed by one revolution in the
clockwise direction is 360° (or 2∏
radians).
Ø And given an angle Ø, its reference angle,
Ar, is the acute angle formed between
the rotating ray of the angle Ø and the x-
axis.

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7
A Cartesian plane and the 4
quadrant.

ØExample 1
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 5.1.1 (c) Negative angles that are
greater than 360° or 2∏ radians.
Ø Negative angles that are greater than 360°
or 2∏ radians are obtained by moving the
rotating ray in a clockwise direction
through more than a complete circle or a
revolution.

ØExample 2
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 Exercise 5.1
Ø Question 1
 ( Positive angle )


Ø Question 2
 ( Negative
angle )


Ø Online tutorial on
definition and
properties of
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CHAPTER 5 10