CONSEQUENCES OF CORRUPTION ON

AFRICAN PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM

- BACH. BIOMED. SCIENCES-UNIV. OF KINSHASA

- BACH. COMMUNITY HEALTH – UCU

28th November 2009

AFRICA’S POTENTIALITIES
1. HUMAN RESOURCES

KOFFI ANAN OBAMA MANDELA

FROM AFRICA AND THEY IMPACT THE WORLD

 2. NATURAL RESOURCES

COLTAN FOREST ( 2nd / WOLD) DIAMOND

-NILE RIVER : LONGEST OF THE WORLD 6 695 km

-CONGO RIVER : 2nd powerful river/world, Rate flow 43000m3/s
- Lakes, Oil, Copper, Gold ….
PROBLEMS IN AFRICA : WAR, REFUGIES,
POVERTY, HUNGRY, DESEASES, WATER…
-Giving or obtaining advantage through
means which are illegitimate, immoral,
and/or inconsistent with one's duty or the
rights of others

- Complex social, political and economic

phenomenon that affects all countries
CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS INDEX (CPI) - WOLD
 PURCHASING POWER
CPI score PARITY (PPP) PER CAPITA

 Most corrupt country Ten Poorest Countries

Somalia: 1.4  Sierra Leone ... $550
Myanmar: 1.4  Malawi ... $630
Iraq: 1.5  Burundi ... $660
Haiti: 1.6
 Tanzania ... $670
 Democratic Republic of
Uzbekistan: 1.7 Congo ... $680
Tonga: 1.7  Guinea-Bissau ... $690
Sudan: 1.8  Republic of Congo ... $740
Chad: 1.8  Ethiopia ... $750
Afghanistan: 1.8  Niger ... $780
Laos: 1.9  Republic of Yemen ... $810
 DR Congo
Based on 2004 PPP GNP per
January 6, 2009 capita in international$
 CORRUPTION

UNDER- POLITICAL
DEVELOPMENT INSTABILITY
 CORRUPTION

CORRUPT POLICY
POVERTY & HEALT
ADMINISTRATION

PROSTITUTION
ALCOHOL-SEX TRANSNATIONAL
IGNORANCE ORGANIZED CRIME

FAKE/COUNTERFEIT
AIDS MEDECINES
AIDS
 Estimated number of people living with HIV and adult HIV
prevalence
Global HIV epidemic, 1990–2007; and, HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa,
1990–2007

HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1990–

Global HIV epidemic, 1990–2007
2007
Number of people % HIV prevalence, Number of people % HIV prevalence,
living with HIV (millions) adult (15–49) living with HIV (millions) adult (15–49)
40 4.0 30 15.0

25 12.0
30 3.0
20
9.0
20 2.0 15
6.0
10
10 1.0
5 3.0

0 0 0 0
1990‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98‘99 2000‘01‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 2007 1990‘91 ‘92 ‘93 ‘94 ‘95 ‘96 ‘97 ‘98‘99 2000‘01‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 2007

NOTE: Even though the HIV prevalence

Number of people living with HIV stabilized in Sub-Saharan Africa, the actual
number of people infected continues to grow
% HIV prevalence, adult (15–49)
UNAIDS
because of ongoing new infections and
increasing access to antiretroviral therapy.
These bars indicate the range around the estimate

2.3
HIV prevalence (%) in adults (15–49) in Africa, 2007

UNAIDS
2.8
 HIV prevalence (%) among 15–24 years old, by
sex, selected countries, 2005–2007
Swaziland
South Africa
Zimbabwe
Central African Republic
Uganda
Female
Chad
Côte d'Ivoire Male
Sierra Leone
Rwanda
Haiti
Guinea
Ethiopia
Benin
Mali
DR Congo
Niger
Dominican Republic
Senegal
Cambodia
India
0 5 10 15 20 25
% HIV prevalence
2.10 Source: Demographic and Health Surveys and other national population-based surveys with HIV testing.
Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV,
2007
Western & Eastern Europe
Central Europe & Central Asia
North America 730 000 1.5 million
[1.1 – 1.9 million] East Asia
1.2 million [580 000 – 1.0 million]
[760 000 – 2.0 million] 740 000
Middle East & North [480 000 – 1.1 million]
Caribbean Africa
230 000 380 000 South & South-East
[210 000 – 270 000] [280 000 – 510 000] Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa 4.2 million
Latin America 22.0 million [3.5 – 5.3 million]
Oceania
1.7 million [20.5 – 23.6 million]
74 000
[1.5 – 2.1 million]
[66 000 – 93 000]

Total: 33 million (30 – 36 million)

July 2008 e
 Estimated adult and child deaths from AIDS, 2007

Western & Eastern Europe

Central Europe & Central Asia
North America 8000 58 000
[41 000 – 88 000] East Asia
23 000 [4800 – 17 000]
[9100 – 55 000] 40 000
Middle East & North [24 000 – 63 000]
Caribbean Africa
14 000 27 000 South & South-East
[11 000 – 16 000] [20 000 – 35 000] Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa 340 000
Latin America 1.5 million [230 000 – 450 000]
Oceania
63 000 [1.3 – 1.7 million]
1000
[49 000 – 98 000]
[<1000 – 1400]

Total: 2.0 million (1.8 – 2.3 million)

July 2008 e
FAKE/COUNTERFEIT
MEDECINES
 UNODC (UNITED NATIONS OFFICE OF
DRUGS AND CRIME) July 2009
50-60 per cent of anti-
infective medicines tested in
Africa are
COUNTERFEIT
MEDICINES
Have insufficient amounts
of the active ingredients
Antibiotics, Antiretroviral
Anti-malaria, Anti-
tuberculosis, Analgesic,…
Medicines with low levels of
active ingredients pose a
greater hazard than those
with none, because
substandard antibiotics and
anti-malarial drugs can
promote the development of
drug resistant strains, or
"super bugs" that can spread
beyond the region.
CORRUPTION FAKE
POVERTY MEDECINES

SUPER BUGS
HIV, TBC,
Plasmodium
PROSTITUTION
ALCOHOL-SEX KILLING PEOPLE
IGNORANCE
GENUINE
MEDECINES
USELESS

AIDS PEOPLE
SUFFERING

CORRUPTION
The UNODC report shows that
revenue gained from 45 million
counterfeit anti-malarial medicines
(worth $438 million), for instance,
is greater than the gross domestic
product of Guinea Bissau. It has
been estimated that in 2010 this
illegal market will raise about 75
billion dollars.
"Everyone has a role to play, not only
Governments, but also parliamentarians,
businesses, civil society, the media and
the average citizen. Corruption hurts us
all, therefore fighting it is a shared
responsibility"
SORRY FOR MY BROKEN ENGLISH
 THANKS A LOT
MERCI BEAUCOUP
WEBALE NYO
WEBALE MUNONGA
AKSANTI SANA