Joint Condition

Discontunity orientation
- Type/shape/dip/surface/infill/op
Core Recovery
ening

Joint Space (cm/joint)

UCS (MPa)

RQD (%)
- Soft gauge 5 mm, continues
Groundwater
No. - Slicken side, gouge 5 mm, 1-5 RMR
mm opening Condition
- Rough surface, 1 mm opening,
weathering stage

1. 100 0.323 100 No No separation / joint Wet No 57

Depth 0.411 100 separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
5,5-10 0.662 100 joint joint
m Rating = Rating = Rating = 20 Rating = 0
0 20
2. 89 0.270 100 No No separation / joint Wet No 57
Depth 0.140 100 separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
10- Rating = Rating = joint joint
12,5 m 0 20 Rating = 20 Rating = 0
3. 100 0.140 100 No No separation / joint Wet No 57
Depth 0.140 100 separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
12,5- 0.216 100 joint joint
16 m Rating = Rating = Rating = 20 Rating = 0
0 20
4. 45 0.188 100 No No separation / joint Wet No 57
Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
16- 0 20 joint joint
17.5 m Rating = 20 Rating = 0
5. 100 0.188 100 No No separation / joint Wet No 57
Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
17,5- 0 20 joint joint
19 m Rating = 20 Rating = 0
6. 80 0.295 100 No No separation / joint Wet No 57
Depth 0.295 Rating = separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
19-28 0.733 20 joint joint
m 0.568 Rating = 20 Rating = 0
0.568
0.568
Rating =
0
7. 100 0.177 100 No No separation / joint Wet No 57
Depth Rating = separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
28-42 20 joint joint
m Rating = 20 Rating = 0

0.177 97 Not Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Joint 55

Rating = continuous = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = dipping 450,
20 Rating = 20 1), smooth (Rating = 1), infilling favourable.
gouge 5 mm (Rating = 2) dan Rating = -2
moderately weathered (Rating = 3).
Total = 13
Rating = -2 55
0.177 95 Not Rating Total = 13
Rating = continuous
20 Rating = 20
Joint 57
0.177 87 Not Rating Total = 13 dipping 700,
 Rating = continuous very
17 Rating = 20 favourable.
Rating = 0

No 54
0.177 87 No No separation / joint separation /
Rating = separation / Rating = 10 joint
17 joint Rating = 0
Rating = 20 No 54
0.354 100 No No separation / joint separation /
Rating = separation / Rating = 10 joint
20 joint Rating = 0
Rating = 20
Joint 57
0.757 85 Not Rating Total = 13 dipping 500,
Rating = continuous very
17 Rating = 20 favourable.
Rating = 0

No 54
0.757 85 No No separation / joint separation /
Rating = separation / Rating = 10 joint
17 joint Rating = 0
Rating = 20
No 54
0.757 85 No No separation / joint separation /
Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 10 joint
0 17 joint Rating = 0
Rating = 20 Average =
67,22
8. 87 0.757 85 No No separation / joint Wet No 54
Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
42-43 0 17 joint joint
m Rating = 20 Rating = 0
9. 100 1.445 97 Not Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 59
Depth Rating = continuous = 2), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 350,
43-62 20 Rating = 20 1), smooth (Rating = 1), no infilling favourable.
m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -2
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 13

1.445 95 Not Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Joint 60

Rating = continuous = 2), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = dipping 450,
20 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
(Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -5
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17

1.445 95 No No separation / joint No 58

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

1.445 45 Not Rating Total = 17 Joint 48

Rating = 8 continuous dipping 200,
Rating = 20 fair.
Rating = -5
 1.445 33 Not Rating Total = 13 Joint 44
Rating = 8 continuous dipping 100,
Rating = 20 fair.
Rating = -5

1.445 33 Not Rating Total = 17 Joint 48

Rating = 8 continuous dipping 200,
Rating = 20 fair.
Rating = -5

1.085 100 No No separation / joint No 58

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

1.085 100 No No separation / joint No 58

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

1.613 100 No No separation / joint No 58

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

1.613 100 No No separation / joint No 58

1.613 Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
Rating = 20 joint joint
1 Rating = 20 Rating = 0

0.617 100 No No separation / joint No 57

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

0.617 100 Not Rating Total = 17 Joint 59

Rating = Rating = continuous dipping 100,
0 20 Rating = 20 fair.
Rating = -5
Average =
60,38
10. 80 0.617 100 Not Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 63
Depth Rating = Rating = continuous = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 200,
62- 0 20 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
63,5 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -5
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 21
11. 100 0.617 85 Not Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 60
Depth Rating = Rating = continuous = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 410,
63,5- 0 17 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
65 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -5
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 21
12. 63 0.617 85 Not Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 60
Depth Rating = Rating = continuous = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 400,
65-66 0 17 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -5
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 21
13. 100 0.579 93 75 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 58
Depth Rating = Rating = 15 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 400,
66-72 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -5
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 21

0.579 93 No No separation / joint No 57

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

0.579 93 No No separation / joint No 57

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

0.579 93 No No separation / joint No 57

Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
0 20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0
Average =
50,25
14. 100 0.579 93 No No separation / joint Wet No 57
Depth Rating = separation / Rating = 10 Rating = 7 separation /
72-76 20 joint joint
m Rating = 20 Rating = 0

0.579 93 Separated Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating No 65

Rating = with coal = 6), separation 50 cm (Rating = 0), separation /
20 (50 cm) smooth (Rating = 1), soft filling joint
Rating = 15 (Rating = 0) dan moderately Rating = 0
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 10

0.579 93 No No separation / joint No 57

Rating = separation / Rating = 10 separation /
20 joint joint
Rating = 20 Rating = 0

0.579 93 Bedding Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Bedding 58

Rating = Rating = type = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = type
0 20 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling Rating = 0
(Rating = 6) dan moderately Average =
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17 68,25
15. 93 0.579 93 Bedding Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Bedding 58
Depth Rating = Rating = type = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 type
76-79 0 20 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling Rating = 0
m (Rating = 6) dan moderately
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
16. 100 0.579 93 Bedding Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Bedding 68
Depth Rating = Rating = type = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 type
79-81 0 20 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling Rating = 0
m (Rating = 6) dan moderately
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
17. 100 0.747 100 Bedding Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Bedding 64
Depth Rating = Rating = type = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 type
81 - 84 0 20 Rating = 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling Rating = 0
m (Rating = 6) dan moderately
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
18. 100 0.228 82 150 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 56
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 15 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 500,
884- 0 17 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling favourable.
100 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -2
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
19. 93 0.175 75 20 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 42
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 8 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 200,
8101- 0 17 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
103 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
20. 100 0.128 53 18 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 38
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 8 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 100,
8103- 0 13 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
109 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
21. 99 0.128 53 No No separation / joint Wet Joint 53
Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 20 Rating = 7 dipping 100,
8109- 0 13 joint fair.
112 m Rating = 20 Rating = -7

22. 100 0.128 97 18 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 45

Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 8 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 100,
8112- 0 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
113 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
23. 85 0.128 79 6 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 42
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 8 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 100,
8113- 0 17 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
115 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
24. 76 0.128 76 33 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 44
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 10 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 200,
8113- 0 17 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
115 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
25. 100 0.128 76 No No separation / joint Wet Joint 57
Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 20 Rating = 7 dipping 200,
8115- 0 17 joint fair.
119 m Rating = 20 Rating = -7

26. 92 0.189 100 33 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 47

Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 10 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 200,
8119- 0 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
121 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
27. 95 0.189 100 No No separation / joint Wet Joint 60
Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 20 Rating = 7 dipping 200,
8121- 0 20 joint fair.
123 m Rating = 20 Rating = -7

28. 96 0.189 100 No No separation / joint Wet Joint 60

 Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 20 Rating = 7 dipping 200,
8123- 0 20 joint fair.
124 m Rating = 20 Rating = -7

29. 95 0.189 100 No No separation / joint Wet -2 65

Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 20 Rating = 7
8124- 0 20 joint
126 m Rating = 20

30. 100 1.675 100 75 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 46

Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 8 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 200,
8126- 1 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
132 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
31. 97 0.201 82 125 cm 10 Wet Joint 43
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 15 Rating = 7 dipping 400,
8132- 0 17 fair.
134 m Rating = -7
32. 100 0.201 82 No No separation / joint Wet No 65
Depth Rating = Rating = separation / Rating = 20 Rating = 7 separation /
8134- 0 17 joint joint
136 m Rating = 20 Rating = 0

33. 90 0.445 87 75 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 50

Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 15 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 400,
8136- 0 17 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
138 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
34. 100 0.111 90 72 cm Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 53
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 15 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 300,
8138- 0 20 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
142 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
35. 100 0.770 81 71 Discontinuities length 5 mm(Rating Wet Joint 50
Depth Rating = Rating = Rating = 15 = 6), separation 1-5 mm (Rating = Rating = 7 dipping 300,
8142- 0 17 1), rough (Rating = 5), no infilling fair.
158 m (Rating = 6) dan moderately Rating = -7
` weathered (Rating = 3). Total = 17
Massa batuan dapat diklasifikasikan melalui geomekanik. Klasifikasi geomekanik dan
Bienniawsky menilai beberapa parameter dalam massa batuan yang kemudian diberi bobot
(Setiawan, 1990). Parameter yang diberi bobot adalah : kekuatan batuan, RQD, spasi
rekahan, kondisi rekahan, kondisi air tanah, orientasi strike (arah jurus perlapisan batuan).
Hasil pembobotan massa batuan (rock mass rating, RMR) ini dapat digunakan dalam
perencanaan terowongan, pondasi maupun pembobotan massa lereng (Romano, 1990)

Pada setiap perencanaan bagi perencanaan pengembangan wilayah dan

perencanaan fisik yang berwawasan lingkungan, misalnya peletakan infrastruktur
(bangunan), diperlukan pemantauan (monitoring) lingkungan juga pengelolaan
(manejemen) lingkungan. Manejemen lingkungan dilakukan sebagai antisipasi untuk
menanggulangi terjadinya dampak negatif (kelemahan geologi) dengan cara memperkecil
dampak negatif tersebut, sekaligus memperbesar dampak positif yang timbul (Zakaria dan
wisyanto, 2000).

Berdasarkan deduksi tinjauan pustaka diatas, muncul hipotesis sebagai berikut :

a. Struktur geologi dapat diidentifikasi dengan mengukur discontinuitas batuan berupa

kekar-kekar dan strike-dip lapisan batuan.
b. Penandaan atau penilaian kualitas batuan (rock quality designation) dapat didekati
dengan mengukur kerapatan kekar di lapangan.
c. Massa batuan dapat dinilai melalui pembobotan massa batuan (rock mass rating)
metoda/cara analisis geomekanik Bienieawsky.
d. Perencanaan terowongan, pondasi maupun pembobotan massa lereng dapat didekati
dengan melibatkan pembobotan massa batuan dan pembobotan massa lereng (slope
mass rating) dengan analisis geomekanik.
e. Monitoring dan manejemen lingkungan dapat diarahkan sebagai upaya memperkecil
dampak negatif dan memperbersar dampak positif pada daerah-daerah yang mempunyai
kelemahan geologi.

Data perhitungan nilai RMR yang diambil adalah berdasarkan nilai dari core recovery,
hal ini dimaksudkan untuk membagi kelompok litologi batuan berdasarkan data yang diambil
dari core sehingga memberikan penilaian tersendiri dalam setiap parameter penilaian
batuan (RQD, UCS dan RMR). Untuk bidang antar batuan, kekar yang terbentuk sampai
orientasi dari batuan sendiri memberikan parameter tersendiri dalam penilaian batuan yang
pada akhirnya menentukan nilai RMR dari masing-masing core recovery. Hal ini pun pada
akhirnya akan lebih cermat dalam memilah kualitas batuan yang padu, terlapukkan,
terkekarkan, maupun batuan yang memiliki perbedaan orientasi dengan lapisan batuan yang
sebelumnya.

Dengan kisaran nilai RMR yang meliputi 42-68, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa
kualitas dari batuan yang masuk dalam kelas III hingga II (Fair Rock - Good Rock). Dengan
demikian bisa diambil kesimpulan awal bahwa litologi batuan yang berada pada wilayah
tersebut lebih cocok untuk digunakan sebagai dasar fondasi bangunan yang sedang, dengan
kata lain tidak cocok untuk bangunan berat karena akan mempengaruhi pembobotan massa
batuan yang dapat mengganggu kestabilan bangunan yang berada diatasnya. Hal tersebut
diakibatkan oleh jenis litologi batuan yang menyusun wilayah, batuan tersebut didominasi
oleh material halus seperti pasir halus dan lempung dan sebagian adalah batubara yang
berselingan dengan batulempung dan batupasir.

Sebagai contoh, untuk yang memiliki nilai RMR 44 masuk dalam kategori kelas III atau
kelas sedang. Litologi batuan tersebut bisa dikategorikan tidak cocok apabila diatasnya
dibangun bangunan yang memiliki massa yang cukup siginifikan karena bisa menyebabkan
bangunan menjadi tidak seimbang, amblas, terlebih untuk batulempung dan batupasir
halus.

Data core tersebut menjadi sebuah data awal untuk menentukan proses yang akan
dilakukan selanjutnya dalam hal pemanfaatan lahan hingga pengambilan sumber daya
berupa batubara yang ditemukan dalam core. Kualitas dari batuan tersebut ternyata
bergantung dari jenis kekar, jarak atau bidang ketidakselarasan yang terekam dalam batuan
sehingga mempengaruhi nilai dari RMR. Beda orientasi pengendapan (bedding type) yang
muncul pada core pun pada akhirnya kembali membuat nilai RMR semakin berkurang.
Karena kekuatan dari tiap batuan yang berbeda, maka diperlukan data yang akurat guna
pemanfaatan lahan atau wilayah selanjutnya. Dan untuk data diatas, diperlukan kecermatan
ketika membangun gedung bertingkat hingga areal pertambangan mengingat kualitas dari
batuan itu sendiri yang memiliki kekurangan pada kedalaman tertentu sehingga diperlukan
kehati-hatian ketika memutuskan untuk menentukan posisi atau letak dari tiang pancang.

Selanjutnya adalah kaitan antara nilai UCS dan RMR, sebagai sampel adalah pada
lajur 7 yang memiliki nilai UCS = 0,177 dan RMR = 55. Setidaknya ada 2 parameter berbeda
yang saling terkait. Hal ini karena besarnya nilai UCS (Unconfined Compressive Strength)
atau nilai kuat tekan batuan akan mempengaruhi kualitas batuan (nilai RMR), dan kegunaan
dari litologi batuan berdasarkan nilai RMR tersebut akan menentukan jenis orientasi
kewilayahan atau bangunan yang akan didirikan diatasnya.