John W.

Gardner

October 8th 1912

– February 12th
2002

Leadership & Management are Different

Mr.Gardner’s “Leadership
papers” (1986 – 88)
were published in “On
Leadership”
(1990)

© mick yates 1996 page 1

 Tasks of
leadership

• Envisioning goals
• Affirming values
• Motivating
• Managing: priorities, organisation building,
systems, decisions, judgement
• Achieving workable unity: conflict resolution,
trust
• Explaining & teaching
• Serving as a symbol
• Representing the group
• Renewing
© mick yates 1996 page 2
Moral Aspects
(Goals) of
Leadership

• Release of human potential

• Mutual interdependence of individual and
group
• Maintain and renew values
• Foster individual initiative and responsibility

Winston Churchill

© mick yates 1996 page 3

Unacceptable
morality

• Cruelty
• Encourage wickedness
• Use followers' weakness', fears or
superstitions
• Diminish followers' independence
• End justifies the means

Adolf Hitler

© mick yates 1996 page 4

A lifelong process
of learning

• Training
• Early years at home
• Formal education
• Self-knowledge
• Communication
• Specific leadership training
• Extra-curricular

© mick yates 1996 page 5

 Leadership
development

• Role models & mentors

• On the job
• Cross-boundary experience
• Off-site experience
• Mid-career renewal

© mick yates 1996 page 6

 Leadership
development

• Personal value system

© mick yates 1996 page 7

 Renewing: The
Leader's Creative
Task

• The key is the release of human energy,

talent and potential

© mick yates 1996 page 8

Leadership: a
summary

• Leadership is the process of persuasion or

example by which an individual (or leadership
team) induces a group to pursue objectives
held by the leader and his or her followers
• Do not confuse leadership with:
• Status
• Power
• Authority
• Leadership must be institutionalised, and
generally requires a team, today

© mick yates 1996 page 9

Leadership: a
summary

• Leadership is dispersed in today's complex

society and organisations
• Leaders and followers should all participate
in action
• Group members must help lead the group to
meet its objectives:
• Share leadership
• Leaders must be held accountable

© mick yates 1996 page 10

Leadership: a
summary

• Leaders must deal with colliding and

conflicting systems
• Leaders must release human potential
• Leaders must share, renew and regenerate
values and beliefs

© mick yates 1996 page 11

Leadership: a
summary

• Leaders must motivate

• Leaders must renew, and make tangible the
future
• Leadership is a lifelong development process

© mick yates 1996 page 12