Mathimatika G Gymnasioy Theoria Askiseis

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;
;
R* ;

, .

R.
R* .
14.
;
;
,
.
2 + 3 = 5 2 3 = 5 .
,

.
2 + 3 = 1 2 3 = 1 .
, + .
2 3 = 6 ( 2 ) ( 3) = +6 = 6 .
,
-
.
2 ( 3 ) = 6 ( 2 ) 3 = 6 .
;
+ = +
+ ( + ) =
( ) = ( )
+0=
1 =
+ ( ) = 0
( + ) +
1
= 1, 0
0 = 0
( + ) = +
15.
;
;
,
.
= + ( ) .
..: 5 ( 3 ) = 5 + ( +3 ) = 5 + 3 = 2 .
, .
: =
1
= , 0 .
1
1
1 1
..: : 3 = = .
6
2
2 3

.
, ,
.
,
.
, ,
;
...
=
, 1
0 = 1
, = 0
, = 1
1
, 0
16.
+
=
, .
: =
, .
= ( )
, .
( ) =
, .
, .
, .

;
;
10 1 < 10 .

. 0,00000023
2,3 10 7 .
1700000000 = 1, 7 109 .
,
.
, :

17.
1.
.
-

+
-

-
2. *.
... = 1, 2,3,...
=
+
=
: =
0
=1
= ( )
1
=
0 = 1, 2,3,...
( ) =
* .
18.
:
1 4
1
. 4 + - + 2 + - 5
2 6
3
3 1 4 1
-- +- -+
2 4 5 10
. -225 : ( -5 ) + 4 ( -7 ) + ( 8 - 5 ) : 3
. 4 +
1 4
1
+ 2+ 5 = 4+ 25+
2 6
3
=
= 1+
3 4 2
3 4+ 2
+ = 1+
=
6 6 6
6
6 +1 7
=
6
6
30 + 5 16 2 17
=
20
20
3 1 4 1
+ + =
2 4 5 10
. 225 : ( 5 ) + 4 ( 7 ) + (8 5 ) : 3 = 225 : ( 5 ) + 4 ( 7 ) + 3 : 3 = 45 28 + 1 = 18
:
4
1
+53
12
A=
1 3
4 - + 7
2 8
-3
( -5 )
2
B=
6
144 : -
5
4
19.
4 5 1
4 5 1
4 5 1 16 + 60 1

+
+
3
1
12
3
1
12
5
1 12 =
12
A
=
=
=
1
1 14
43
4 1
4
+
7
+
4
+7
8
2 2
8
1 3
4 7
2 8
75
75
75
12 = 12 = 12 = 75 2 = 5 .
1
1 + 14 15 12 15 6
+7
2
2
2
3
60
4 ( 3 ) ( 5 )
4 ( 5 )
30
3
1
2
2
2
=
= = .
B=
=
=
144 5 120
12
4
6
5
144 :
144
6
5
6
() () .
2
. -2 .
. .
3
.
3 .
. 2,24 .
10
.
2
. (
10
= 5)
2
:
. 1, 2313542 ...
. 4, 212121 ...
:
. ( - ) = - ( )
. ( + + ) - ( - - ) = 2 ( + )
. ( ) ( )
20.
. .
( ) + = ( ) + = 0 = 0
. ( + + ) ( ) = + + + + =
+ + + + = 2 + 2 = 2 ( + )
:
2 + ( 5 + 2 + 4 ) ( 2 + 3 + 8 )
= 1 = 3 .
2 + ( 5 + 2 + 4 ) ( 2 + 3 + 8 ) = 2 5 + 2 + 4 + 2 3 8
= 2 5 3 + 2 + 2 + 4 8 = ( 2 5 3 ) + ( 2 + 2 ) 4
= 10 + 4 4 = 10 ( 1) + 4 ( 3 ) 4 = 10 12 4 = 6
-6 1. ;
: 2 (3 ) = 6 2 + 3 = 1 . 2 3.
:
. 2-4 2 3
. 43 : 44
. 2-2 3-2
252
52
. (102 )
. 4
3
-2
. 24 23 = 24 + 3 = 21 =
1 1
=
21 2
. 22 32 = ( 2 3 ) = 62 =
2
1
1
=
2
36
6
. 43 : 44 = 43 4 = 4 1 =
2
1 1
=
41 4
2
. 252 = 25 = 52 = 25
5
5
. (102 ) = 1023 = 106 = 1000000

3
4
.
3
21.
32
9
3
= = 2 =
4
16
4

:
2
3
. 8x yz
64x 3 z 2 3
1
. 2x 2 y 3 3xy 6 xy
6
-2
x2
2y
. 3 3
y x
. ( -3x 2 yz 3 )
-3
1
1
. 2x 2 y3 3xy 6 xy = 2 3 x 2 x x y3 y 6 y = x 4 y10
6
6
8x 2 yz3
8 x2
z3
1
=
3 = x 23 y z 3 2 1 3
y
3 2 3
3
2
64 x
64x z
z
8
=
1 1
1
1 yz
1 1
x y z 2 = y z 2 = 2
8 x
8
x
. ( 3x 2 yz3 ) = ( 3 ) ( x 2 ) y 2 ( z3 ) = 9x 4 y 2 z 6
2
x 2 2y
. 3 3
y x
3
3
2
3
6
9
1 y6 x 9 1
y3 x 3 = ( y ) ( x ) = y x
= 3 4 = y3 x 5
= 2
2
3
4
3
( x 2 ) ( 2y ) x 8y 8 y x 8
x 2y
2
-8
-3
2003 2003 2004

:
:

2004 2004 2003
-5
2003 2003 2004
2004 2004 2003

2003
=
2004
8 + 3
2003
=
2004
5
8 ( 3)
2003
2004
2003
2003 2003 2003
=

=
2004
2004 2004 2004
5 + 5
(x - 2 )
-1
+ x -2 - ( -1 ) + ( -x ) , x = 1 .
x
2003
=
=1.
2004
22.
(x 2)
+ x 2 ( 1) + ( x ) = ( 1 2 ) + ( 1) ( 1) + ( 1) =
x
= ( 3 ) + ( 1) ( 1) + 12 =
1
( 3 )
( 1)
( 1)
+1 =
1 1
1
1
1
1
+
+ 1 = + 1 ( 1) + 1 = + 1 + 1 + 1 = + 3
3
3
3
3 1 1
1 + 9 8
=
3
3
:
. 2 2x 2 = 25
. 3x 32x+3 = 27
1
1
. - x = -
2
2
. x : 5-3 = 56
. 3x 32x + 3 = 27
. 2 2x 2 = 25
2 2x 21 = 25
3x + 2x + 3 = 33
2 2x +1 = 25
x + 2x + 3 = 3
2x + 1 = 5
3x = 0
2x = 4
x=0
x=2
3
. 1 x = 1
2
2
5
1 1
x = :
2 2
1
x =
2
. x : 53 = 56
x = 56 53
53
x = 56 3
2
1
1
x = =
4
2
x = 53 = 125
.
. 4 (10-2 )
3
1
x = 8 109
2
10
. 0, 001x =
1
1010
23.
. 4 (102 )
3
1
x = 8 109
102
. 0, 001x =
1
1010
1
1
x = 10
1000
10
4 106 102 x = 8 109

x=
8 109
4 106 102
1
1
x = 10
3
10
10
x=
8 109
4 108
103 x = 1010
x=
8 109
4 108
x=
x = 2 109 (8) = 2 1017 .
1010
103
x = 1010 (3) = 107 .
1, 5 104 mm ,
8, 5 105 mm 3, 5 10 3 mm .
.
V = 1, 5 10 4 8, 5 105 3,5 103 mm 3
V = 1, 5 8,5 3,5 10 4 105 103 mm 3

V = 44, 625 10 4 + 5 + 3 mm 3
V = 44, 625 1012 mm 3
V = 4, 4625 1013 mm 3 .
:
3
1000
3
A = ( 3 ) 22 + ( 1) + 43 : ( 8 ) + ( 2 ) : 4
A = ( 3 ) 22 + ( 1)
1000
3
2
+ 43 : ( 8 ) + ( 2 ) : 4 = ( 3 ) 2 + (1 8 ) + ( 2 ) : 4
= ( 3 ) 22 + ( 7 ) + ( 2 ) : 4 = 27 4 + ( 7 ) + ( 8 ) : 4 = 27 4 + ( 7 ) 2
3
= 27 4 7 2 = 40.
24.
1. () () () ().
( + ) = +
+ ( ) = 0
0
=0
( )
( ) =
0 = 0
1 = 1
+
=
2. . .
3. :
25.
4. :
12 = ......
13 = ......
( 1)
13 = ......
5.
= ......
( 2 )
( 2 )
= ......
= ......
x = 2 , y = 1 = 1 :
. ( x + y )
. ( 2x y + )
. (3 x )
6. :
. 4 2 3 2
7.
2 3
3 2
. 44 1 : 204 2

1 5 3
15 1 2 0
12
:
1
( 3 )3 ( 2 )4 ( 3 )2 ( 2 )3
.
1
1 1
0
( 2 )
2
( 3 ) 2
8.
:
. 22x 2 x +1 =
. (52 )
3
9.

6
2
. 2
2 3 4
1
23
. ( 3 )
5x + 2
1
x =1
53
= 27
. 42 x 25 = 8
A = ( 2 ) 32 + ( 42 8 ) : ( 3 ) ( 1)
2004
10.
1 6
2
16 128 2.
4
26.
11. .
. 225000000 : 0, 00005
. 0, 000021: 3000000
12. () ().
. 1 1 .
.
.
. .
. .
. .
. 0 .
13.
. ( + )
. ( + )
( + ) .
. +
. ( + )
14. , , :
. ( )
. +
15.
3 3 = 0 , :
.
.
.
16.
. ( )
= ( 3 2 2 ) , = 2 5 = ( 2 3 ) ,
1
17.
2x y + y 2x +
.
18.
0 = 0 .
27.
1
. ;
. ;
. ;
. ;
2
. , ,
;
. ;
1
1
5
4

4
( 2 3 ) : ( 8 )
( 1)
2
4
3 2 2
3
2
4
3
:
. 22x 43x +1 =
1
64
. ( 3 )
4x + 2
= 243
;
;
0;

,
.
= x , , x 2 = ( x > 0).
9 = 3 32 = 9 .
:
,
( 4 )
42 = 4 = 4
0=0.
2 = .
= 4 2 = 4 = 4 .
= , 0 , 0 .
, 0 , > 0 .
. :
30.
) =(
2
( ) ( )
2
= , .
:
2
1 :
( )
( )
:
2
( )

( ) .
+ = + ; ( > 0
> 0 ).
= 36 = 64 :
+ = 36 + 64 = 6 + 8 = 14 .
+ = 36 + 64 = 100 = 10 .
+ + .
,

. ,
2
5
2 5
5 5
2 5
( 5)
4
4 2
4 2
4 2 4 2 2 2
2 5
=
=
=
=
=
.
2
3 2
6
3
5
3 2 3 2 2 3 2
( )
31.

;
,
, . > , , > 0 .
,
, .
< , , < 0
>
.
;
.
1. , .

> + > + .
:
+ + .
( + ) ( + ) +
+ .
( + ) ( + ) = + = > 0
> . + > + .
32.
2. , .

> > + > + .
:
:
( + ) ( + ) = + = ( ) + ( ) > 0 ,
. + > + .
3. , .

> > 0 > .
:
= ( ) > 0 , > 0 > 0 .
> .
4. , .

> < 0 < .

:
= ( ) < 0 , < 0 > > 0 .

< .
.
, .
.
33.
1. ,
.
2. :
i. 2 =
ii. = 0 , 0
iii.
0 , > 0
3. , .
> , , > 0 .
,
.
< , , < 0
4. :
i. > + > +
ii. > > + > +
iii. > > 0 >
iv. > < 0 <
34.
() ()
:
.
.
( 4 )
= 4
2 =
.
12 = 2 3
20 + 5 = 3 5
. ,
2 = .
. ,
( 4 )
= 16 = 4
( 4 )
= 4 = 4 .
. , 12 = 4 3 = 4 3 = 2 3 .
. ,
20 + 5 = 4 5 + 5 = 4 5 + 5 = 2 5 + 5 = 3 5 .
:
.
. 4 5 3 5
3+ 3
. 2 7 4 2 5 7 + 6 2
3+ 3 =2 3
. 4 5 3 5 = ( 4 3 ) 5 = 1 5 = 5
. 2 7 4 2 5 7 + 6 2 = 2 7 5 7 4 2 + 6 2 = ( 2 5 ) 7 + ( 4 + 6 ) 2
= 3 7 + 2 2 .
x
:
4x ( 3x + 5 ) 16 .

( ). :
-
35.
4x (3x + 5 ) 16 0 4x 3x 5 16 0 4x 3x 21 x 21
:
. A = 52
9
. B = 2 32 + 3 45 2 12 + 5 72
16
9
9
= 52 ( 7 + 2 12 7 ) 8
=
16
16
49 + 2 144 7 2 8
49 + 2 144 7 2 8
. A = 52
= 52 ( 7 + 24 7 ) 8
9
9
3
= 52 24 8
= 5 24 8 = 5 24 6 = 25.
16
16
4
. B = 2 32 + 3 45 2 12 + 5 72 = 2 16 2 + 3 9 5 2 4 3 + 5 36 2 =
= 2 16 2 + 3 9 5 2 4 3 + 5 36 2 = 2 4 2 + 3 3 5 2 2 3 + 5 6 2 =
= 8 2 + 9 5 4 3 + 30 2 = 38 2 4 3 + 9 5 .
:
.
2 3
. 3 + 2
2 3
. 3 + 2
)(
32
)(
32
= 3 2 3 3
= 6 3
= 3 3 23+ 2 3 2 2
= 3+ 2
362 2
= 6 3
:
.
4
5
2 3
4
3 7
36.
4 5
3 7
5 5
4 7
3 7 7
4 5
( 5)
4 5
5
4 7
3
( 7)
2 3
3 3
2 3 3
3 3
3
=
23
2
4 7 4 7
=
3 7
21
(4 x )
(4 x )
= 4 x . 4 x 0 x 4
4 x < 0 x > 4
(4 x )
(4 x )
= 4 x
= x4 .
A = 3+3 ,
B = 33 ,
= 3+ 3,
= 3 3
A = 3+ 3 = 6 ,
B = 3 3 = 9 = 3 ,
= 3+ 3 =2 3
= 3 3 = 32 = 3
= 90 .

.
= 6cm = 8cm
.
:
2
2
2
B 2 = 2 + 2 = 6 + 8
:
2 = 100 cm 2
E = B 2 = 100 cm 2 B = 100 = 10cm .
, , > 3 + 4
3 + 4 .
-
37.
> 3 > 3 (1) (

3 ).
(1) 4 :
3 + 4 > 3 + 4 . 3 + 4 3 + 4 .
() ()
:
. < 2 > 2 .
. 2 > 0 .
. < + < + .
1
0 .
. > > .
. > 1 >
. (), 2
2 < 0 .
. (), = 0 2 0.
. (), .
. (), > 1 >
1
.
. (), ,
.
2 + < 4 4 < 8 :
. > 2
. < 8
. > 0
. < 2
,
.
2 + + 4 < 4 + 8 6 < 12 < 2 .

.
38.
< 0 , ,
1
3 .
3
1
:
3
2
1
1
3 2
=
=
< 0 ( < 0 < 0 ). <
3
3
3
3
3
(1) . -
, 3 . ( 3) = 3 = 3 < 0 .
3 <
( 2 ) . (1) (2) : 3 < <
1
.
3
x > 3 ;
. x + 3 > 3 + 3
. x 3 > 3 3
. 3 x > 3 + 3
. 3x > 3 3
() , :
x > 3 1 . x < 3 . 3 : 3 x < 3 + 3 .
2 < x < 5 1 < y < 4
:
. x + 2
. y 1
. x
. x + y
. 2x y
. 2 < x < 5 . 2 : 2 + 2 < x + 2 < 5 + 2 4 < x + 2 < 7 .

. 1 < y < 4 . 1 : 1 1 < y 1 < 4 1 2 < y < 3 .
. 2 < x < 5 . 1 , :
2 ( 1) > 1x > 5 ( 1) , 2 > x > 5 5 < x < 2 .
. 2 < x < 5 1 < y < 4 :
2 + ( 1) < x + y < 5 + 4 1 < x + y < 9

. 2 < x < 5 2 : 2 2 < 2x < 2 5
4 < 2x < 10 (1) . 1 < y < 4 1 -
39.
: 1 ( 1) > 1y > 4 ( 1) 1 > y > 4 4 < y < 1 ( 2 ) .

(1) (2) :
4 4 < 2x y < 10 + 1 , 0 < 2x y < 11 .

:
.
2x + 2
x x3
+1
3
2
4
4x 1 1 2x 1 4 x
>
5
2
10
2
. 2x + 2 + 1 x x 3 ( 12 ( 2,3, 4 ) = 12 )
3
2
4
12
2x + 2
x
x3
+ 12 1 12 12
3
2
4
4 ( 2x + 2 ) + 12 6x 3 ( x 3)
8x + 8 + 12 6x 3x + 9 8x 6x + 3x 9 8 12 5x 11
x
5x
11
5
5
11
.
5
4x 1 1 2x 1 4 x
>
5
2
10
2
10
4x 1
1
2x 1
4x
10 > 10
10
5
2
10
2
2 ( 4x 1) 5 1 > 2x 1 5 ( 4 x ) 8x 2 5 > 2x 1 20 + 5x
8x 2x 5x > 1 20 + 2 + 5 1x > 14 x > 14 .
:
. 6x + 4 > 13 + 2 ( 3x 10 )
. 5 ( x 2 ) + 5 9x > 1 4x
. 5 ( x 2 ) + 5 9x > 1 4x
5x 9x + 4x > 1 + 10 5
5x 10 + 5 9x > 1 4x
0x > 4 . ,
40.
, 0x 0
4.
. 6x + 4 > 13 + 2 (3x 10 ) 6x + 4 > 13 + 6x 20 6x 6x > 13 20 4
0x > 11 .
x.
:
2 ( x 4 ) + 6x 8 3 ( 2x 4 ) + 10 2 ( x 1) + 3x 4 ( x 2 ) > 2x + 1
2 ( x 4 ) + 6x 8 3 ( 2x 4 ) + 10
2 ( x 1) + 3x 4 ( x 2 ) > 2x + 1
2x + 2 + 3x 4x + 8 > 2x + 1
2x + 3x 4x + 2x > 1 8 2
1x > 9
2x 8 + 6x 8 6x 12 + 10
2x + 6x 6x 12 + 10 + 8 + 8
2x 14
x7
1x 9
<
1 1
x<9
41.
1. :
x 2 4xy x = 2 1 y = 2 + 3
2. :
.
12 + 75
)(
48 27 = 21
108
125 8
6 11
.
12 + 20 32 + 24 = 2
3. () () ().
.
+ = +
9 2 = 3 0
( 2 )
2 =
= 2
4. :
. 4
3
. 1 + 2
5
2
3 5
5. :
. 5 3 :
6. = 7
3+3
3 +1
. 7 2 :
7
2 1
= 5 :
. ( + )
. 2 + 2 + 2
42.
7.
V = 64 cm 3
= 16cm . ;
8.
2 50
5
2 10
3x 7 3 = 0
: A = 2 + 71 100 +
9.
0 < < 2 : 0,
1, , 2 .
2
10. .
. < ...0
1
1
. < ...
2
2
. < 0 < ...
. < 0 > 0 ...0
11. :
. .......................... < 0 .
. .......................... .
. .......................... .
12.

2,5 < < 2,6 1,3 ,
;
13. :
.
14.
x 1 3x + 4 x + 2
>
2
6
4
x + 1 2 (x + 4)
<1
3
5
2 ( x 1) 4 ( x + 2 ) > x + 7
2 ( x + 3 ) + 2x 12 < x + 4 .
43.
1
;
;
2
;
;
1
i. x = 2 + 1 , x 2 2x + 3 :
. 1
. 4
2 +1
ii. x 4 3 = 3 x 2 .
2
2x y < 4 x + y < 8 :
. x > 4
. x < 4
. y > 0
. x + y + 1
3
: ( x y ) ( x 2 + 2 ) > 0
. x < y
. x = y
. x > y

4

5

6

-
;
;
()
.
, :
3x, 2 2 + x, 3y2 + 1
. ( ) ( )
.
: = 2
2 2 + 3 2 22 + 3 = 11 .
;

.

. .
48.
.
. .
;
.

.
: 3x 2 y + 5x 2 y x 2 y = ( 3 + 5 1) x 2 y = x 2 y
.

.
:
(2x y )(5y ) = 2 (5) x y y

2
= 10x 2 y5
.
.
: ( 4 2 ) : ( 8x ) = 4 2
=
1
=
8x
4 2 4 2 1 1
=
=
8x 8 x 2 x
;
;

.
2
2
: x + x + , x y + xy + 1

.
:
3 3 5 2 + 4 3 + 2 2 = 3 3 + 4 3 5 2 + 2 2 =
= (3 + 4 ) 3 + ( 5 + 1) 2 2 = 73 4 2 2 .
- -
49.
;

:
( + ) = +

.

2x 2 (3 x 3 + 4 ) = 2x 2 3 2x 2 x 3 + 2x 2 4 =
= 6x 2 2x 5 + 8x 2

:
( + )( + ) = + + +

(9x
+ 3xy + y 2 ) ( 2x y ) =
= 9x 2 2x 9x 2 y + 3xy 2x 3xy y + y 2 2x y 2 y =
= 18x 3 9x 2 y + 6x 2 y 3xy 2 + 2xy 2 y3 =

= 18x 3 3x 2 y xy 2 y3
1.
2.
3. .
4.
.
5.
.
- -
50.
() ()
.
.
4x 2 y
.
3
4x 2 y
.
3
4
. x 2 y .
3
6x 3 y 2
x3 y 2

.
5
5
. .
. H 3x 3 2y 3 + 9 3 + 1 .
4x 2 y
4
x 2 y
3
3

().
4 x2 y
4x 2 y

,
3
3
().
4
4 y
. x 2 y
,
3
3 x2
().
6
. x 3 y 2 x 3 y 2 ().
5
- -
51.
.
.. 3x 4 y 2 : 6xy3 = 3x 4 y 2
1
3 x 4 y2 1 x3
()
=
=
2 y
6xy3 6 xy3
. . ()
2xy x 2 y + 2xy 2 + 2003
. x = 10
y=0
. x = 0
y = 10
. x = 10
y = 10
. x = 0
y=0
. x = 10 y = 0
2 10 0 102 0 + 2 10 02 + 2003 = 2003

. x = 0 y = 10
2 0 10 02 10 + 2 0 102 + 2003 = 2003
. x = 10 y = 10
2 ( 10 ) 10 ( 10 ) 10 + 2 ( 10 ) 10 2 + 2003 = 200 1000 2000 + 2003 = 1197
2
. x = 0 y = 0
2 0 0 02 0 + 2 0 02 + 2003 = 2003

.

2
2
. 5x y + 5x y
2
1. 5x y
2
2
. 5x y 5x y
2. 1 4 y 2
9
. 5x 3 y 2 : xy
4 2
3. 25x y
1
1
. 2 y 2 y
3
3
4. 4xy
. 1 2 y 1 2 y
3
3
5. 0
. 4xy + 8xy
6. 2 2 y
3
- -
52.
. 5x 2 y + 5x 2 y = 0 . 5
2
2
4 2
. 5x y 5x y = 25x y . 3
. 5x 3 y 2 : xy = 5x 3 y 2
1
x 3 y2
= 5
= 5x 2 y . 1
xy
x y
1
1
2
1 1
. 2 y 2 y = 2 y = 2 y . 6
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1 1
. 2 y 2 y = 2 2 yy = 4 y 2 .
9
3
3
3 3
2
. 4xy + 8xy = ( 4 + 8) xy = 4xy . 4.
;
; ;
.
5 2
( x )
2
. 5 x 2 y 2
3
.
5x y 2
4
2 2
x
1
( x )
2
. 3 + 2 xy
. 3x 2 y 2
2 2
. x y
3
. x
4
5 2
.
.
5 2 .
5
5 2 2
x y x 2 y 2 .
3
3
. 3 + 2 xy 3 + 2
xy .
( x )
1
y = ( x ) y
2
2
, x .
- -
53.
2 2
, x,
x
.
. 3x 2 y 2 = 3
x2
y2
x, y .
.
5
5x 2 y 2 5 2 2
= x y
4
4
4
x 2 y2 .
1
( x )
2
, x .
. x 2 y 2 1 x 2 y 2 .

5 2 2 5 2 2
x y , x y , x 2 y 2 .
3
4
2
x 7 y 4
3
. .
x, y .
:
7 0 4 0 7 4 7 4 .
4, 5, 6, 7.
2
2
2
= 4 : x 7 4 y 4 4 = x 3 y 0 = x 3 .
3
3
3
2
2
2
= 5 : x 7 5 y5 4 = x 2 y1 = x 2 y .
3
3
3
= 6 : 2 x 7 6 y 6 4 = 2 x1 y 2 = 2 xy 2 .
3
3
3
2
2
2
= 7 : x 7 7 y 7 4 = x 0 y3 = y3 .
3
3
3
- -
54.
:
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
. 3x y x y + 8x y 12x y
4
1
. 2x 2 3x 3 y xy 2 x 2
3
8
. 4xy 3 2 : xy 2 2
2
. ( 3x 2 y + 5y 2 x + 4xy )( 2x 3 y 2 3 )
2
2
. ( xy + ) ( 2x y + 4xy 2xy )
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
. 3x y x y + 8x y 12x y = (3 1 + 8 12 ) x 2 y 2 = 2x 2 y 2 .
4
1
4 1
. 2x 2 3x 3 y xy2 x 2 = 2 3 x 2 x 3 xx 2 y y2 = x 8 y 2 3 .
3
8
3 8
4x 3 y3 2
1
1
= 8xy .
. ( 4xy3 2 ) : xy 2 2 = 4xy3 2
=
1
1
2
x 2 y 2 2
x 2 y 2 2
2
2
2
2
3 2 3
. ( 3x y + 5y x + 4xy )( 2x y ) =
= 3x 2 y ( 2x 3 y 2 3 ) + 5y 2 x ( 2x 3 y 2 3 ) + 4xy ( 2x 3 y 2 3 ) =
= 6x 5 y 3 3 10y 4 x 4 3 8x 4 y 3 3 .
2
2
. ( xy + ) ( 2x y + 4xy 2xy ) =
= xy ( 2x 2 y ) xy ( 4xy ) xy ( 2xy 2 ) + ( 2x 2 y ) + ( 4xy ) + ( 2xy 4 ) =

= 2x 3 y 2 4x 2 y 2 + 2x 2 y3 2x 2 y + 4xy 2xy 2 .
- -
55.
1. :
. ( + )(3 ) ( 4 )( 2 ) 2 ( 2 + )
. ( 2x + 3y )( x 4y ) ( x + 5y )( y x ) 3xy ( x y )
. ( x + 1)( y 2 ) (3y + 4 )( x 6 ) + 2 ( x 6y )
2
2
2
2
. ( 2x + 3y )(3x 2y ) 3 ( x y ) + 4 ( x xy + y )
. ( x + y )(3x y ) [xy x ( 2x y )]
. ( + )( + ) + ( + ) ( + ) + ( + )( + )
. (3 2 + 2 + 2 )( 2 2 + 3 2 )
. (1 2x 2 + 4x 3 )( 2 5x 2 + 4x )
. (12x 5 6x 4 3x 3 ) : ( 3x 3 )
. (12 +1 3 +1 6 +1 +1 ) : ( 2 1 )
2.
:
(4 7 + 8) = 28 49 + 56
* (3x + 8x 7 ) = 36x + * *
5 (* 9 + *) = 20 * +
. *
2 3
5 7
4 9
3.
:
. ( x 2 y 2xy 2 ) ( 2x y ) 2x 3 ( x + y ) ( x y ) ( 2y 3 ) x = 1, y = 2
. 2 + 2 [ 3 ( + ) ( 2 + 2 )] = 2, =
1
2
- -
56.
4.
= 2x 3 y , B = x 2 y 4 , = xy 3
5.
. A B
. B
. A B
. :
. :
. :
. :
. :
,
:
3 3 2 1 +1 4
x y x y
4
3
- -
57.
1
;
2
;
1
. : .... . .
. ( + 1) x 2 y +1 3x + 5 y 2 . ,
.
2
= 132004 , = 3 , = 1
:
= ( ) ( + + ) ( + )( + )
3
:
(x
y 2 + x 1 y 1 + x 2 y )( x 2 y 2 )
- -

;
.
:
1.
( + )
( )
= 2 + 2 + 2
= 2 2 + 2
. ( x + 2y ) = x 2 + 2x 2y + ( 2y )
2
( x + 2y )
= x 2 + 4xy + 4y 2
2
2

2 2
2
+
. x = ( x ) 2x
2
2 2
2 2
2
4
2
x
x
x
2
4
2.
( )( + ) = 2 2
(2 x y )(2 + x y ) = 2 ( x y )
2
= 4 x 4 y2
60.
3.
( + )
= 3 + 3 2 + 3 2 + 3
( )
= 3 3 2 + 3 2 3
. (3 + 2 ) = (3 ) + 3 (3 ) 2 + 3 (3 ) 22 + 23
3
(3 + 2 )
= 27 3 + 54 2 + 36 + 8
. ( 2y x 2 ) = ( 2y ) 3 ( 2y ) x 2 + 3 2y ( x 2 ) ( x 2 )
3
(2y x )
2 3
= 8y3 12y 2 x 2 + 6yx 4 x 6
4.
3 + 3 = ( + ) ( 2 + 2 )
3 3 = ( ) ( 2 + + 2 )
3
2
. x + 1 = ( x + 1) ( x x + 1)
6
2 3
3
2
2 2
2
2
. y 8 = ( y ) 2 = ( y 2 ) ( y ) + y 2 + 2
y 6 8 = ( y 2 2 )( y 4 + 2y 2 + 4 )
5.
( + + )
= 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
( 2 + 3 + )
((2 ) + (3 ) +
2
( 2 + 3 + )
+ 2 2 3 + 2 ( 2 ) + 2 (3 )
= 4 2 + 92 + 2 + 12 + 4 + 6
61.
6.
( x + )( x + ) = x 2 + ( + ) x +
( x + 2 )( x 3) = ( x + 2 ) ( x + ( 3 )) =
x 2 + ( 2 + ( 3 ) ) x + 2 ( 3 ) = x 2 x 6
1.
2. ( + )2 , ( )2
2
2
3. ( + ) 2 + 2 ( ) 2 2
4. +
5. ( + ) ( )
.
3
62.
() ()
.
. ( x 2 ) = x 2 + 4x + 4
. ( x + 2 ) = x 2 + 2x + 4
. ( x 2 ) = ( 2 + x )
. ( ) = ( + )
. ( + ) = ( )
. ( + ) = ( )
. ( x + y ) = x 2 + y 2
. ( x + 4 ) = x 2 + 16
. x 2 9 = ( x 9 )( x + 9 )
. 2 2 = ( )
. ( x 2 ) = x 2 2x 2 + 2 2 = x 2 4x + 4 . 2
.
. ( x + 2 ) = x 2 + 2 2x + 2 2 = x 2 + 4x + 4 .
2
.
. x 2 = 2 + x
(x 2)
= ( 2 + x ) . .
2
. ( ) = [ ( + )] = ( + ) .
2
.
. + = ( + ) = ( )
2
.
. ( + ) = [ ( )]2 = ( ) .
2
.
. ( x + y ) = x 2 + 2xy + y 2 . .
2
(x + 4)
= x 2 + 2 x 4 + 4 2 = x 2 + 8x + 16 .
63.
.
. x 2 9 = x 2 32 = ( x 3)( x + 3) .
.
. 2 2 = ( )( + ) . .

.

. ( 4x 1 )
2
2
1. 4x + 4xy + y
. ( 2x + y )
2
2
2. 4x 9y
. ( 2x + 3y )( 2x 3y )
3
2
3. x 3x + 3x 1
. ( x 1)
4. x 2 2x 15
. ( 2x + 1)
5. 16x2 8x + 1
. ( x + 3 )( x 5 )
6. 8x 3 + 12x + 6x 2 + 1
. ( 4x 1) = ( 4x ) 2 4x 1 + 12 = 16x 2 8x + 1 . 5.
2
. ( 2x + y ) = ( 2x ) + 2 2x y + y 2 = 4x 2 + 4xy + y 2 .
2
1.
. ( 2x + 3y )( 2x 3y ) = ( 2x ) (9y ) = 4x 2 9y 2 . 2.
2
. ( x 1) = x 3 3x 2 + 3x 1 . 3.
3
( 2x + 1)
= ( 2x ) + 3 ( 2x ) 1 + 3 2x 12 + 13 = 8x 3 + 12x 2 + 6x + 1 .
3
6.
2
. ( x + 3 )( x 5 ) = ( x + 3 ) ( x + ( 5 )) = x + [3 + ( 5 )]x + 3 ( 5 ) = x 2 2x 15 .
4.
:
. ( ... + ... ) = y 2 + 2y + ...
2
1
. x ... = ... xy + ...
2
. (... ...)2 = 9 2 ... + 16 2
. ... + 2x 2
= 9 + ... + ...
64.
. ( + ... )( ... ) = ... 25
. ( ... + 3x )( ... 3x ) = 16 2 ...
. ( ... + ... ) = 8 3 + 12 2 + ... + ...
. ( ... 2 ) = 27x 3 ... + .. ...
. ( x + 2 )( x + ... ) = ... + ... + 6
. ( x + 4 )( x + 3 ) = ... + ... + ...
. ( y + 1) = y 2 + 2y + 1
. (3 4 ) = 9 2 24 + 16 2
1 2
1
2
. x y = x xy + y
4
2
. (3 + 2x 2 ) = 9 + 12x 2 + 4x 4
. ( + 5)( 5) = 2 25
. ( 4 + 3x )( 4 3x ) = 16 2 9x 2
. ( 2 + 1) = 8 3 + 3 ( 2 ) 1 + 3 2 12 + 13 = 8 3 + 12 2 + 6 + 1
3
. (3x 2 ) = 27x 3 3 (3x ) 2 + 3 3x 2 + 23 = 27x 3 54x 2 + 18x + 8

3
. ( x + 2 )( x + 3) = x 2 + 5x + 6
. ( x + 4 )( x + 3) = x 2 + 7x + 12
. x 2 + 2y
x y
. +
3 2
. 2x
2
. 2x
x
. x 2 + 2y 2
2
. 3 +
3
. xy +
2
. xy +
x
. x 3 y 3
2
x y
. +
2 3
. ( x 2 + 2y ) = ( x 2 ) + 2x 2 2y + ( 2y ) = x 4 + 4x 2 y + 4y 2
2
x y y
x 2 xy y 2
x y x
+ =
+
+
. + = + 2
3 2 2
9
3
4
3 2 3
. ( x 2 + 2y 2 ) = ( x 2 ) + 2x 2 2y 2 + ( 2y 2 ) = x 4 + 4x 2 y 2 + 4y 4
2
1
1 1
1
2
2 2
. xy + = ( xy ) + 2xy + = x y + xy +
2
2
2
4
. ( x 3 y3 ) = [ ( x 3 + y3 )]2 = ( x 3 + y3 ) = ( x 3 ) + 2x 3 y3 + ( y3 ) = x 6 + 2x 3 y3 + y 6
2
y
y y2
y2
2
= 4x 2 2xy +
. 2x = ( 2x ) 2 2x +
2
2 4
4
65.
1
1 1
1
2
2
. 2x = ( 2x ) 2 2x + = 4x 4 + 2
x
x
x
x
2
2

2 + 9 2
. 3 + = 3 = 2 3 + (3 ) =
3 3
3
9
3
2
4 4
4
16
2
4
2 2
. xy + = xy = 2 xy + ( xy ) = 2 8y + x y
x x
x
x
x
2
y x x
y 2 yx x 2
x y y x y
+ =
+
. + = = 2
3 2 2
9
3
4
2 3 3 2 3
N :
2
2
. ( 2 x ) ( 2 + x )
. ( xy + 1) ( xy 1)
1 2 1 3 1 2 1 3
. + +
2 3
2
3
3
3
3
3
. ( x + y ) ( x y )
. ( 4xy 3 ) ( 4xy + 3 )
. ( 2x ) ( 2x )
. ( x + y + ) ( x + y )
. ( + 2 + 1) ( + 2 1)
. ( x + y + 3 ) ( x + y + 3 )
4
2
4
2
. ( x 2y + 1 ) ( x + 2y + 1 )
. ( xy + 1)( xy 1) = ( xy ) 12 = x 2 y 2 1
2
. ( 2 x 2 )( 2 + x 2 ) = 22 ( x 2 ) = 4 x 4
2
. ( x 3 + y3 )( x 3 y3 ) = ( x 3 ) ( y3 ) = x 6 y 6
2
1 2 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 2
. + + = + = =
2 3
2 2
3 2
3 2 3
3
1
1
= 6 4
4
9
. ( 4xy 3 )( 4xy + 3 ) = ( 4xy ) (3 ) = 16x 2 y 2 9 2 2

2
. ( 2x )( 2x ) = ( 2x + )( 2x ) = [( 2x ) 2 ] = 4x 2 + 2
2
. ( x + y + )( x + y ) = ( x + y ) 2 = x 2 + 2xy + y 2 2
2
. ( + 2 + 1)( + 2 1) = ( + 2 ) 12 = 2 + 22 + ( 2 ) 1 = 2 + 4 + 42 1
2
66.
. ( x + y + 3)( x + y + 3) = [( x + y ) + ( 3)][x + y ( 3)] =

= ( x + y ) ( 3) = x 2 + 2xy + y 2 2 + 6 9
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
4
2
. ( x 2y + 1)( x + 2y + 1) = ( x + 1 2y )( x + 1 + 2y )
= ( x 4 + 1) ( 2y 2 ) = ( x 4 ) + 2x 4 + 1 4y 4 = x 8 + 2x 4 + 1 4y 4
2
N :
. + 1
2
. ( + 3 )
. x y
2 1
. x
3
. ( x 2y )
2
. x +
x
. x + 2y 2
. x 2 + y 2
2 1
. x 2
x
x 1
.
. ( + 3) = 3 + 3 2 3 + 3 32 + 33 = 3 + 9 2 + 27 + 27
3
3 3
2 3

+3 +
+1
. + 1 = + 3 + 3 + 1 =
2
8
4
2
2 2
2
3
x2 1
2 1
1
2 3
2 2 1
2 1
6
4
. x = ( x ) 3 ( x ) + 3x = x x +
3
3
3 27
3 3
. ( x 2y ) = ( x + 2y ) = [x 3 + 3x 2 2y + 3x ( 2y ) + ( 2y ) ]
3
= x 3 6x 2 y 12xy 2 8y3
. ( x + 2y 2 ) = ( 2y 2 x ) = ( 2y 2 ) x 3 ( 2y ) x + 3 2y 2 x 2 x 3 =
3
= 8y 6 12y 4 x + 6y 2 x 2 x 3
. ( x 2 + y 2 ) = ( x 2 ) + 3 ( x 2 ) y 2 + 3x 2 ( y 2 ) + ( y 2 ) =
3
= x 6 + 3x 4 y 2 + 3x 2 y 4 + y 6
. ( x 2 y 2 ) = ( x 2 + y 2 )
3
()
= x
2
3x 4 y 2 3x 2 y 4 y 6
3
1
3 1
1 1
3
2 1
3
. x + = x + 3x + 3x + = x + 3x + + 3
x
x
x x
x x
67.
3
1
2 1
1
2 3
2 2 1
2 1
6
2
. x 2 = ( x ) 3 ( x ) 2 + 3x 2 2 = x 3x + 2 6
x
x
x
x
x x
1
x 1 ( x 1)
= ( x 3 3x 2 + 3x + 1)
.
=
3
27
3
3
3
N :
. ( 2 + ) 3 ( + ) ( 2 5 )
2
. 2 ( + )( ) ( 2 ) 3 ( )
. ( 2x + 3y )( 3y + 2x ) ( 2x + y )( y 2x ) . (1 + x )(1 x ) (1 2x )
)(
. ( 5 + ) 4 2 3 4 2 + 3 ( + 2 )
2
. ( 2 + ) 3 ( + ) ( 2 5 ) =
2
2
2
2
= ( 2 ) + 2 2 + 2 3 ( 2 + 2 + 2 ) ( 2 ) 2 2 5 + (5 ) =
2
2
= 4 2 + 4 + 2 3 2 6 3 2 4 2 + 20 25 2 = 24 + 18 6
. 2 ( + )( ) ( 2 ) 3 ( ) =
2
= 2 ( 2 2 ) ( 2 ) 2 2 + 2 3 2 + 3 =
= 2 2 2 2 4 2 + 4 2 3 2 + 3 = 6 2 2 2 + 7
. ( 2x + 3y )( 3y + 2x ) ( 2x + y )( y 2x ) = ( 2x ) (3y ) [y 2 ( 2x ) ] =
2
= 4x 2 9y 2 y 2 + 4x 2 = 8x 2 10y 2
. (1 + x )(1 x ) (1 2x ) = 1 x 2 1 2 2x + 4x 2 = 1 x 2 1 + 4x 4x 2 =
2
= 5x + 4x
2
)(
(16
)
9 ) (
. (5 + ) 4 2 3 4 2 + 3 ( + 2 ) =
2
= 25 2 + 10 + 2
+ 4 + 42 ) =
= 25 2 + 10 + 2 16 4 + 92 2 4 42 =
= 16 4 + 24 2 + 62 + 6
N :
)(
. 2 + 2 2 + 2 ( + 2 ) = 2 ( + )
2
. 2 + 2 = ( + ) 2
68.
)( x
. 2 + 2
1
1
. x + x = 4
x
x
. 3 + 3 = ( + ) 3 ( + )
+ y 2 = (x + y ) + (y x )
2
)(
2 2
2
2
2 2
. 2 + 2 2 + 2 ( + 2 ) = + 2 + 2 + 4 ( 4 + 4 ) =
= 2 2 + 2 2 + 2 2 + 4 2 2 + 4 4 = 2 2 + 2 2 + 4 =
= 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = ( + ) + ( + ) = 2 ( + )
2
. ( + ) 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 2 = 2 + 2
2
. ( + ) 3 ( + ) = 3 + 3 2 + 3 2 + 3 3 2 3 2 = 3 + 3
3
1
1
1 1
1 1
2
2
. x + x = x + 2x + 2 x + 2x 2 = 2 + 2 = 4
x
x
x x
x x
2
2
2
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
. ( + )( x + y ) = x + y + x + y (1)
(x + y ) + (y x )
2
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
= x + 2xy + y + y 2yx + x =
= 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 + 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 (2)
A (1) (2) :
+ 2 )( x 2 + y 2 ) = (x + y ) + (y x )
2
A = 7 + 3 B = 7 3 :
. A B
. A B =
AB =
. A 2 B 2
7+ 3
)(
7 3
( 7 ) ( 3)
. A 2 B2 =
A 2 B2 =
7+ 3
( 7)
) (
2
)
AB = 7 3 = 4
7 3
+2 7 3+
( 3 ) [( 7 )
2
2 7 3+
( 3) ]
A 2 B2 = 7 + 2 21 + 3 7 + 2 21 3 A 2 B2 = 4 21
69.
A x + y = 5 x y = 4 A = x 2 + y 2 .
: ( x + y ) = x 2 + 2xy + y 2
2
(x + y)
2xy = x 2 + y 2 x 2 + y 2 = 52 2 4
x 2 + y 2 = 17 .
1
1
= 2 A = x 2 + 2 .
x
x
x +
1
1 1
: x + = x 2 + 2x +
x
x x
1
1
2
x + = x +2+ 2
x
x
x 2 +
1
1
= x + 2 A = 22 2 A = 2 .
2
x
x
x = 2 2004 + 2 2004 y = 2 2004 22004

A = x2 y 2 .
A = x 2 y 2 A = ( x y )( x + y )
A = ( 2 2004 + 2 2004 2 2004 + 2 2004 )( 2 2004 + 22004 + 2 2004 22004 )
A = 21 2004 +1+ 2004 A = 2 2 = 4 .
A = 2 2 2004 2 2 2004
: ( + ) 4
2
( + )
4 2 + 2 + 2 4 2 + 2 + 2 4 0 2 2 + 2 0
( )
0 .
2 x 2 + y 2 = ( x + y ) x = y .
2
2 ( x 2 + y 2 ) = ( x + y ) 2x 2 + 2y 2 = x 2 + 2xy + y 2 2x 2 + 2y 2 x 2 y 2 2xy = 0
2
x 2 + y 2 2xy = 0
(x y)
=0 xy=0 x = y.
70.
1. :
. ( +
x
. ( x
2 1
. x +
3
3 2
.
2 3
+ 3 )
1 2
1
. xy
3
2
. ( x y )
2
x 1
x 3 y3
.
4 3
. ( + )
. ( )
2. N .
. ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 )( x 3 ) 2 ( 2x 3 )
2
. ( 2x + 1) (3x 2 ) ( 2x + 5 )(5 2x )
2
. 2 ( + 2 ) 3 ( + 3 ) ( 2 + 3 )(3 3 )
2
2
2
2
. ( 2x + x 1)( 2x x + 1) + ( x 3)( x + 1) 4 ( x 1)( x + 1) ( x + 1)
. ( x 1) 2 (3x + 2 ) x ( x + 2 )( x 2 )
3
. ( x + ) ( x )( x + ) + x ( x )
3
. ( x + 2 ) 3x ( x 1) + ( x 1)( x + 1)( x 2 )
3
)(
. x 2 + 9 y 2 + 4 ( xy + 6 )
( 2x y ) ( x 5)
2
+ ( x 2 y 2 ) ( 2x 4 + y 4 )
2
3. N
:
. x 2 + 2x +
2
. +
1
+
4
. 2 +
. 9x 2 + 4y 2 +
. 4 + 2 2 +
. 49 6 + 8 +
71.
. x 2 x +
. 4x 2 + 1
1 2
+ x+
25 5
4. :
. (... + ...) = 2 + 2 + ...
. (5y ...) = 40y + ... + ...
. ( x + ...) = x + ... + ...
. (... + 1) = 4xy + ... + ...
. (... + ...)(3x ...) = 9x 2 1
. (... + ...) = x 3 + ... + ... + y3
. ( x 1)( x 2 ) = ... ... + ...
. xy ... (... + ...) = 1 + ...

2
. ( x + 3)( x 5) = ... ... + ...
. (... 3)( x + ...) = x 2 9
5. :
. ( + ) + ( ) = 2 2 + 2
2
. ( x + y ) = 2 ( x + y )
2
+
.

=
2 2
. ( ) ( ) ( ) = 0
2
x ( x + 1) x ( x 1)
3

=x
.
2
2
2 + 2
+
+
=
.

2
2 2
. ( 2 + 3 )( 2 + 3 ) = ( 2 ) ( 3 )
2
6.
1
1
= 2 A = x 2 + 2 .
x
x
7. x + y = 7
x y =
5
2
2
A = x + y
2
B = ( x + 2 )( y + 2 ) .
8.
A = 31821 + 31821 B = 31821 31821

A 2 B2 .
9.
. 2 + 2 2
10.
2
. x + 1 x
2
`. +
1
2 > 0
= 11 5 = 11 + 5 :
. 2 + 2
. 2 2
72.
1
;
1
:
( )
= 3 3 2 + 3 2 3
2
:
( xy 1)( xy + 1) ( x 2 y 2 + 1)( x 4 y 4 + 1)
3
A = 4 3 5 B = 4 3 + 5 :
A 2 + B2
AB
;

.
;
.
,
.
+
.
+ = ( + ) .
.
, :

74.
2 2 = ( + )( )
.
. ( )

2 + 2 + 2 2 2 + 2 -

2 + 2 + 2 = ( + )
2 2 + 2 = ( )
.
f ( x ) = x 2 + x + , 0 2 .
= 1
x 2 + x + :
x + ,
x + :
( x + )( x + ) = x 2 + x + x + = x 2 + ( + ) x +
+ = = . x 2 + x +
.
1.
.
.
2. :
.
.
.
75.
3. :
.
.
.
76.
:
. 5x + 5y
. 4x + 4
. 16 8x
. x x y
. 6x 2 4x
. 3 2 xy 12 3 x 2 y
. xy 2 x 2 y
. 2 3 2 2
. 3
2x 6y
. 5x + 5y = 5 ( x + y )
. 4x + 4 = 4 ( x + 1)
. 16 8x = 8 ( 2 x )
. x 3 x 2 y = x 2 ( x y )
. 6x 2 4x = 2x (3x 2 )
. 3 2 xy 123 x 2 y = 3 2 xy (1 4x )
. xy 2 x 2 y = xy ( y x )
. 2 3 2 2 = 2 ( )
. 3 = ( + 3)
.
2x 6y = 2x 3 2y = 2x 2 3y = 2 x 3y
:
. 2x ( x y ) + 5y ( x y )
. 10 ( x + y ) + 2 ( x + y )
. ( x y ) x + y
. ( ) 2 ( )
. 4 ( + )
. 2x ( x 1) x + 1
. 5x ( 1 ) + ( 1)
3
. ( 1) (1 )
2
. ( 2x + 3 ) ( 3x 5 ) + ( 4x + 5 ) ( 5 3x )
. 2x ( x y ) + 5y ( x y ) = ( x y ) ( 2x + 5y )
. 10 ( x + y ) + 2 ( x + y ) = 2 ( x + y ) (5 + )

77.
. ( x y ) x + y = ( x y ) ( x y ) = ( x y ) ( 1)
. ( ) 2 ( ) = ( ) + 2 ( ) = ( ) ( + 2 )
. 4 ( + ) = 4 ( + ) ( + ) = ( + ) ( 4 1)
. 2x ( x 1) x + 1 = 2x ( x 1) ( x 1) = ( x 1) ( 2x 1)
. 5x ( 1) + ( 1) = ( 1) 5x ( 1) + 1
3
. ( 1) (1 ) = ( 1) + ( 1) = ( 1) ( 1) + 1
2
. ( 2x + 3) (3x 5 ) + ( 4x + 5 ) (5 3x ) = ( 2x + 3) (3x 5 ) ( 4x + 5 ) (3x 5 ) =
= (3x 5 )( 2x + 3 4x + 5 ) = (3x 5 ) ( 2x + 8 )
:
. x + x 2 x
. x + y x y
. 3x y 3x + y
. xy 2 + x y 2 z z
. 6x 2 4x 9x + 6
. 5x 8y + 5x 8y
. x 3 + x 2 y + xy 2 + y 3
. 3 + 15 + 5 2 + 3
. x 3 5x 2 + 2x 10
. x 3 + y 2 x + x 3 + y 2 x
. x + x 2 x = ( x ) + x ( x ) = ( x ) ( + x )
. x + y x y = x x + y y = x (1 ) + y (1 ) = (1 ) ( x + y )
. 3x y 3x + y = 3x 3x + y y = 3x ( ) y ( ) = ( ) (3x y )
2
2
2
2
2
. xy + x y z z = x ( y + ) z ( y + ) = ( y + ) ( x z )
. 6x 2 4x 9x + 6 = 2x (3x 2 ) 3 (3x 2 ) = (3x 2 ) ( 2x 3 )

. 5x 8y + 5x 8y = 5x + 5x 8y 8y = 5x ( + ) 8y ( + ) =
= ( + ) (5x 8y )
3
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
. x + x y + xy + y = x ( x + y ) + y ( x + y ) = ( x + y ) ( x + y )
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
. + 15 + 5 + 3 = + 3 + 15 + 5 = ( + 3) + 5 ( + 3) = ( + 3) ( + 5 )
3
2
2
2
. x 5x + 2x 10 = x ( x 5 ) + 2 ( x 5 ) = ( x 5 ) ( x + 2 )
78.
. x 3 + y 2 x + x 3 + y 2 x = x ( x 2 + y 2 ) + x ( x 2 + y 2 ) = x ( x 2 + y 2 ) ( + )
:
. y 2 2
2
. 25 1
. 2 16 2
. 1 4x 2
. 16 2 9 2
. 4x2 25
. 25 2 x 2 36 2 4
. 36 ( x + 4 )
. x 2 x 2
. 2 36 2 4
. y 2 2 = ( y ) ( y + )
. 25 2 1 = (5 ) 12 = (5 1) (5 + 1)
2
. 2 16 2 = 2 ( 4 ) = ( 4 ) ( + 4 )
2
. 1 4x 2 = 12 ( 2x ) = (1 2x ) (1 + 2x )
2
. 16 2 9 2 = ( 4 ) (3 ) = ( 4 3 ) ( 4 + 3 )
2
. 4x 2 25 = ( 2x ) 52 = ( 2x 5 ) ( 2x + 5 )
2
. 25 2 x 2 36 2 4 = (5x ) ( 6 2 ) = (5x 6 2 ) (5x + 6 2 )

2
. 36 ( x + 4 ) = 6 2 ( x + 4 ) = ( 6 + x + 4 ) ( 6 x 4 )
2
. x 2 x 2 = ( x ) ( x ) = ( x x ) ( x + x )
2
. 2 36 2 4 = 2 ( 6 2 ) = ( 6 2 ) ( + 6 2 )
2
:
. 2 10 + 25
2
. x + 8x + 16
. 9x 2 y 2 12xy + 4
. 9 4 6 2 2 + 4
. ( x + y ) 2 ( x + y ) + 1
2
2
. +
4
3
9
. ( x y ) + 8 ( x y ) + 16
. 16x 2 24xy + 9y 2
. x 2 + 2 2x + 2
4
2 2
4
. x 2x y + y
79.
. 2 10 + 25 = 2 2 5 + 52 = ( 5 )
2
2
2
. x + 8x + 16 = x + 2 4x + 4 = ( x + 4 )
. 9x 2 y 2 12xy + 4 = (3xy ) 2 3xy 2 + 2 2 = (3xy 2 )

2
. 9 4 6 2 2 + 4 = (3 2 ) 2 3 2 2 + ( 2 ) = (3 2 2 )
2
. ( x + y ) 2 ( x + y ) + 1 = ( x + y ) 2 ( x + y ) + 12 = ( x + y 1)
2
2 2

+
= 2 + =
4
3
9 2
2 3 3
2 3
. ( x y ) + 8 ( x y ) + 16 = ( x y ) + 2 4 ( x y ) + 4 2 = ( x y + 4 )
2
. 16x 2 24xy + 9y 2 = ( 4x ) 2 4x 3y + (3y ) = ( 4x 3y )

2
2
2
. x + 2 2x + 2 = x + 2 2x +
( 2 ) = (x + 2 )
2
. x 4 2x 2 y 2 + y 4 = ( x 2 ) 2x 2 y 2 + ( y 2 ) = ( x 2 y 2 )
2
:
. x 2 8x + 15
. x 2 2x 15
2
. x + 9x + 20
. x 2 + x 30
. 14 5x x 2
. x 2 8x + 15 = ( x 3 ) ( x 5 ) , ( 3 ) ( 5 ) = 15 3 + ( 5 ) = 8
. x 2 2x 15 = ( x + 3 ) ( x 5 ) , 3 ( 5 ) = 15 3 + ( 5 ) = 2
2
2
. 14 5x x = ( x + 5x 14 ) = ( x 2 ) ( x + 7 ) , 2 7 = 14 2 + 7 = 5
. x 2 + 9x + 20 = ( x + 5 ) ( x + 4 ) , 4 5 = 20 5 + 4 = 9
. x 2 + x 30 = ( x + 6 ) ( x 5 ) , 6 ( 5 ) = 30 6 + ( 5 ) = 1
:
. x 2 2x y 2 + 1
. x 2 6x + 9 y 2
. y 2 x 2 10y + 25
. 9x 2 36y 2 30x + 25
80.
. 2 x2 6x 9
. x 2 y 2 4x + 4
. x 2 y 2 4yz 4z 2
. x 2 + 6x 9y 2 + 9 2
. x 2 2x y 2 + 1 = x 2 2x + 1 y 2 = ( x 1) y 2 = ( x 1 + y ) ( x 1 y )
2
. x 2 6x + 9 y 2 = x 2 6x + 9 y 2 = ( x 3 ) y 2 = ( x 3 + y ) ( x 3 y )
2
. y 2 x 2 10y + 25 = y 2 10y + 25 x 2 = ( y 5 ) x 2 = ( y 5 + x ) ( y 5 x )
2
. 9x 2 36y 2 30x + 25 = 9x 2 30x + 25 36y 2 = (3x 5 ) ( 6y ) =

2
= (3x 5 + 6y ) (3x 5 6y )
. 2 x 2 6x 9 = 2 x 2 + 6x + 9 = 2 ( x + 3) = ( + x + 3) ( x 3)
2
. x 2 y 2 4x + 4 = x 2 4x + 4 y 2 = ( x 2 ) y 2 = ( x 2 + y ) ( x 2 y )
2
. x 2 y 2 4yz 4z 2 = x 2 y 2 + 4yz + 4z 2 = x 2 ( y + 2z ) =
2
= ( x + y + 2z ) ( x y 2z )
. x 2 + 6x 9y 2 + 9 2 = x 2 + 6x + 9 2 9y 2 = ( x + 3 ) (3y ) =
2
= ( x + 3 + 3y ) ( x + 3 3y )
81.
1. :
. x 3 16x
. x 4 9x 2
. 3x 2 27
. 64 2 4 ( 2 )
. 4x 3 36x
2
2. :
. ( x 2 + 4 ) 16x 2
2
. (17x 2 1) 64x 4
2
. (13x 2 5 2 ) (12x 2 + 4 2 )
2
. ( 4x 2 + 12x + 9 ) 1
2
. x 2 ( 4x + 7 ) (8x + 1)
3. :
. 8 ( 2 ) ( 2 + )
. ( x 6 ) ( x + 5 )
. 7 ( x + 11y ) ( x y )
. ( 4x + 3) (8x 9 )
4. :
. 4 4 + 2 ( 2 2 )
. x 2 4 3 (3x 2 ) ( x + 2 )
2
4
. ( x + 2x + 1) x
. ( x + ) 1 x ( x + + 1)
. 4 2 4 + 2 9 2 2
. x 7 x 5 x 3 + x
5. :
2
2
2
. x + 2
. 3 2 + 2 3
. x 2 2 + 4x + 4
. 2 + 9 x 2 + 4 ( x + 6 )
. x 4 22x 2 + 121
. x ( x + 2 ) ( + 2 )
6. :
. 4x ( x ) 6x ( x ) + 2x x 2 2
2
)(
82.
. 3x ( 2 + 3x ) ( 2 + 3x ) ( 4 9x 2 )
. 2 + 4 2 + 1 ( + 2 )
. ( x 2 9 ) ( x + 5 ) ( x 3 )
. ( x 2 + x ) 14 ( x 2 + x ) + 24
. 5x 2 2 10x + 5
2
2
2
2
. ( x + ) + x ( + )
)(
. 2 x + x + + 2
7. :
. 16 (3x 2 )
. 8x 2 32
. ( x + ) ( x + )
4
. x 3 x 2 + 4 4x
. ( x + ) ( x + ) ( x )
3
. 2 2 +
8. :
4
3
3
4
. x + x x
2 2
2 2
2 2
4
. x x +
. 4 + 6 2 2 + 8 4
. 3x 2 + 4x + 2
. ( x 2 4 ) ( x + 2 )
. x 7 x 3 + 8x 4 8
. 2 2 + 2
. ( x 2 + 1) + x ( 2 + 2 )
9. :
. ( x 2 ) ( 2x + 1) ( 2 x ) ( 2x 5 )
. x ( x 6 ) ( x + 4 ) + 9x + 36 .
. 9 ( 2x 1) 25 ( x 3 )
. (8x 6 ) ( 2x 4 ) ( 6x + 3) ( 4 2x )
. ( x 5 ) + x 2 25 + ( x 5 ) ( 2x + 1)
. ( 2 9 ) ( + 3 )
. (17x 2 10 2 ) ( 6 2 8x 2 )
. ( 2x + 5 ) ( 7 x ) + 4x 2 25
10. :
. 2 x 2 + 2 2 x + 2 2 ( + )
. ( x 2 ) 2 ( x 2 ) + 1
. x 2 ( + ) x +
1
. 3 2 + 2 + 2
3
83.
11. :
. ( x 4 ) + x 2 16 + ( x 4 ) ( 2x + 1)
2
. ( x + 2 ) ( 2x + 1) 16x 32
2
. 3 ( x 2 9 ) ( x + 1) 2 ( x + 3 ) ( x + 1)
. ( x 2 1) ( x + 2 ) ( x 2 4 ) ( x + 1)
. x 3 + 2x 2 x 2
. x 3 5x 2 + 4
. x 3 2x 2 x + 2
. x 2 x + 1
12. :
. 121x 3 49x
. 9x 2 6x + 2 25
. x 2 + 2 2 + 2x
. x 4 + x 2 x 2
. 9x 2 + 12x + 4 2 81x 2 2
. ( x 2 9 ) + 8 ( x 1) ( x + 3 )
2
13. :
. 2 2 + 2 2
. 2 + 2x x 2 1
. 2 2 + 2 +
. 2 + 2 + 2 x 2 + 4x 4
. ( 2 + 1) 4 2
. ( 2 + 2 2 ) 4 2 2
. x 4 + 5x 2 2 + 9 4
. 4 + 4 4 13 2 2
. x 4 + 4x 2 + 16
. 4 + 4 4
14. :
. x 2 3x + 2
. 9x 2 + 12x + 4
. 2x 2 4x + 2
. x 2 7x + 6
. x 2 + 6x + 5
. 3x 2 21x + 30
. 2x 2 x 1
. 2x 2 + 3x 5
. 3x 2 5x + 2
84.
1
:
. ( x 2 6x + 3) ( x 9 )
2
. ( x ) + x 2 2
2
2

. x 2 + x 6
. x 2 + x + 8
3

.

. ( x + y ) ( 2 ) 3 ( 2 )
1. ( 2 2 2 )
. ( x + y ) 3x 3y
2. ( 2 ) ( x + y 3 )
. 5x ( ) +
3. ( x + y ) ( 3 )
. 4 2 2 4
4. ( ) (5x 1)
. 4 4 2 2 + 4 4
5. 4 ( + 1) ( 1)
7
1
8
2
9

;
;
;
;
x =
, x
, 1 .
. x, y, , , t, s, ...
1
2
1 ,
( = )
.
, 5 x = 10 .
x :
10 :
10 :
5x :
5x :
2. 2x + 4 = 5x + 6
x :
2x, 5x :
98.
4, 6 :
5x + 6 :
2x + 4 :
; ; ;

, ( . )
.
,
.

,
.

5 x = 10 2, : 5 2 = 10 .
0 x = 4 , : 0 x = 0
0 x = 4 .
0 x = 0 , : 0 x = 0
x.
;

, .
: x =
x =
, 0
, = 0 0
, = 0 = 0
99.

:
1 : ( )
... , .
2 :
o

(+) (-) .
3 :

, .
4 :
x =
5 :
,
.
;
;

x +y =
, , ,
x, y.
x y,
x + y = , .

2x + 4y = 20
x y. (2, 4) (4, 3)
2x + 4y = 20 , :
2 2 + 4 4 = 20 2 4 + 4 3 = 20
100.
1.
, .
2. 0 x = 0 , .
0 x = , 0
x = , x =
0 .
3. x + y = ,
x y.
4. x + y = , .
5. x + y = ,
.
101.
:
. 3x 4 = 5 2x + 1
. 4x 1 = 4x + 3
. x 4 = x 6 + 2
. 4x + 1 = 2x + 1
. 3x 4 = 5 2x + 1
3x + 2x = 5 + 4 + 1
5x = 10
( )
( )
( )
5x 10
=
5
5
x=2
. 4x 1 = 4x + 3
( )
( )
4x 4x = 1 + 3
0 x = 4 , .
. x 4 = x 6 + 2
( )
( )
xx = 46+2
0 x = 0 , .
. 4x + 1 = 2x + 1
4x 2x = 1 + 1
2x = 0
( )
( )
( )
2x 0
=
2 2
x=0.
102.
:
. 2 ( x 3 ) ( x 1) = 4 x
. 3 ( x 1) 6 = 3 ( x 2 ) + 3
. 4x 15 = 5x + 3 ( x 1) ( 4x + 1)
. 3 ( x 1) 6 = 3 ( x 2 ) + 3
( )
3x 3 6 = 3x + 6 + 3
( )
3x + 3x = 3 + 6 + 6 + 3
( )
6x = 18
( )
6x 18
=
6
6
x=3
. 2 ( x 3) ( x 1) = 4 x
( )
2x 6 x + 1 = 4 x
( )
2x x + x = 6 1 + 4
( )
2x = 9
( )
2x 9
=
2 2
x=
9
2
. 4x 15 = 5x + 3 ( x 1) ( 4x + 1)
( )
4x 15 = (5x + 3x 3 4x 1)
( )
4x 15 = ( 4x 4 )
( )
4x 15 = 4x 4
( )
4x 4x = 15 4
( )
0 x = 14 , .
103.
:
. x 3 1 = 2x 3x 1
4
2 6
12
.
. 6 +
x2 3x
=
3
2
x3
2x
= 4+
4
6
. 10
2 (2 x )
3
x+3
4
. x 3 1 = 2x 3x 1
4
2
6
12
12
(/ .. 12)
x 3
1
2x
3x 1
12 = 12
12
4
2
6
12
()
3 ( x 3) 6 = 2 2x (3x 1)
( )
3x 9 6 = 4x 3x + 1
( )
3x 4x + 3x = 9 + 6 + 1
( )
2x = 16
( )
2x 16
=
2
2
x=8
. 6 +
x 3
2x
= 4+
4
6
12 6 + 12
(/ .. 12)
x3
2x
= 12 4 + 12
4
6
()
72 + 3 ( x 3 ) = 48 + 2 ( 2 x )
( )
72 + 3x 9 = 48 + 4 2x
( )
3x + 2x = 72 + 9 + 48 + 4
( )
5x = 11
( )
5x 11
=
5
5
x=-
11
5
1
104.
. .
x 2 3 x
=
3
2
()
2 ( x 2 ) = 3 (3 x )
( )
2x 4 = 9 3x
( )
2x + 3x = 9 + 4
( )
5x = 13
( )
5x 13
=
5
5
x=
13
.
5
. 10
2 (2 x )
3
12 10 12
x+3
4
2 (2 x )
3
= 12
(/ .. 12)
x+3
4
()
120 4 2 ( 2 x ) = 3 ( x + 3 )
120 8 ( 2 x ) = 3 ( x + 3 )
( )
120 16 + 8x = 3x + 9
( )
8x 3x = 120 + 16 + 9
( )
5x = 95
( )
5x 95
=
5
5
x = 19 .
, ( 2 - 1) x = 5
.
1 x = , = 0 0 .
105.
( 2 1) x = 5 = 2 - 1 = 5 .
, :
2 1 = 0
2 = 1
2 1
=
2 2
=
1
.
2
1
.
2
, 2x + = 2
.
1 x = , = 0 = 0 .
2x + = 2
.
2x + = 2
2x = 2 , :
{2 = 0
2 = 0}
{ = 0
= 2}
= 0 = 2 .
, 2x + 3 = + 13
3.
3, x 3 , :
2 3 + 3 = + 13
()
6 + 3 = + 13
( )
6 = 3 + 13
( )
5 = 10
( )
106.
5 10
=
= 2 , = 2 3.
5
5
2x - y = 4 .
. .
. .
. ;
. (4, 1) (6, 8) .
. .
. x = 0 : 2 0 y = 4 0 y = 4 y = 4
y = -4 .
y = -2 : 2 x ( 2 ) = 4 2x + 2 = 4 2x = 4 2 2x = 2
2x 2
=
x =1.
2 2
x = 3 : 2 3 y = 4 6 y = 4 y = 4 6 y = 2
y = 2.
y = 0 : 2 x 0 = 4 2x = 4
2x 4
x=2.
=
2 2
. :
A ( 0, 4 ) , B (1, 2 ) , ( 3, 2 ) , ( 2, 0 )
. , , , ,
.
. , x,y .
H 2x - y = 4 x = 4 y = 1
107.
2 4 1 = 4 8 1 = 4 7 = 4 , . (4, 1)
.
2x - y = 4 x = 6 y = 8 :
2 6 8 = 4 12 8 = 4 4 = 4 , (6, 8)
.
. y :
2x y = 4 y = 4 2x y = 4 + 2x y = 2x 4 .
( x, 2x - 4 ) x .
x :
2x y = 4 2x = y + 4
2x y + 4
y+4
=
x=
.
2
2
2
y+4
, y y .

2
.
27 . 3

1
.
3
1
.
3
x x + 3 x + 27 ,
:
x+3=
1
( x + 27 )
3
3 ( x + 3) = 3
( 3)
1
( x + 27 )
3
3 ( x + 3 ) = ( x + 27 )
( )
3x + 9 = x + 27
3x x = 27 9
2x = 18
( )
( )
( )
2x 18
1
=
x = 9 . 9
2
2
3
.
108.

10 .
x , x + 1 , 3x
2 ( x + 1) . :
3x = 2 ( x + 1) + 10
( )
( )
3x = 2x + 2 + 10
( )
3x 2x = 2 + 10
x = 12 x +1 = 13 , .
45 40% 55
20%. .

:
+
=
1 2
x .
1 : 45
40 1800
=
= 18
100 100
2 : 55
20 1100
=
= 11
100 100
55 + 45 = 100 : x = 18 + 11 = 29 .
: 29%
109.
1. :
. 5 ( x 2 ) = 8 4x
. 3 ( x + 2 ) = 4 (1 x )
. 2 ( x + 3 ) + 7 ( x 3) = 5x 5
. 3 ( x + 4 ) 2 (1 + x ) = x 2
. 9x 15 = 3 (3x 5 )
. 5x ( 4 + 5x ) + 8 = 0
2. :
. 2 x + (3x 1) 3 = 2 x 2 ( x + 1)
. 5y 3 ( y 2 ) = 26 3 1 3 (5 y ) + 2
. 8 5 = 3 3 ( 1) 6 7 (1 )
. 6 3 2 10 ( 1) = 6 9 ( 1)
3. .
.
.
.
12x + 26 10 2x + 6
=
2
6
3
. y + 3 + 2y 5 = 1
2
3
2 6x 3x 12
=
8
10
. 3p 4 =
3k 2
1 k
= 1+
9
6
2p 3 3p 4
+
3
3
2 13 6 2 3
+
=
3
12
4
4. :
.
2 ( x 1) 3 ( x + 1) 7
+
+ =0
3
2
6
3 ( 2y 1)
2
3 ( 2 7 ) 4 + 61 2 ( 8 ) 4 ( 1)
=
+
5
15
3
15
2y 3 5 y
=
4
2
110.
2 ( 7x 11)
15
2 ( 4 + 5x )
3
4x 3
5
5. :
. 3x = 3
. 3x = 0
. x = 1
. ( 4 ) x = 0 ( 3) x = 0
.
. 2x = x
. 2x = 4 x = 2
6. .
. x = 0 :
. = 1
. = 0
. ( 1) x = 1 :
. = 0
. = 2
. = 1
. 2x = 3x :
. 0
. 1
. 2
. 3
. 2x y = 1 :
. (2, 2)
. (1, 1)
. (0, 0)
. x y = 1 :
. ( x, x + 1)
7.
. ( x, x )
. ( y + 1, y )
. ( y, y )
x x x+3 3
+ =

3 6
3
2
x 3 5x 12 , A = k 2 + 2
+ =
3 4
12
= 3k .
8.
111.
3x =
x (12 + )
3
x = 2 .
9.
3y = 2y
.
10. 5x 2x = 3
.
11.
2x + y = 8
. :
.
. (10, 12 ) (5, 2 )
.
12.
3
30. .
13. 24cm, 2cm

, ;
14. : 7
15 4.
;
15. x :
112.
1

;
x = ;
;
;
2
x, y;
;
;
1
3 2x 1 = 4 + 3x
3
4
2
2x + 3y = 5
.
. .
3
,
( 2 1) x + = 2 .
2
;
;
;
x 2 + x + = 0 , 0
,
2 ,
2 .

,
x 2 + x + = 0 0 , , -
2 :
x 2 + x + = 0 , 0
, x ,
x2 .
,
.

:
= 0 = 0 = 0 .
.
114.
,
x 2 + x = 0 , 0 ,
= 0 0 .

x + x = 0
2
x 2 + x = 0
x ( x + ) = 0
( )
x = 0 x + = 0 ( = 0
= 0 = 0 )
x = 0 x =
( )
( -
x=0 x=
, 0 )
: 3x 2 4x = 0
3x 2 4x = 0 : x (3x 4 ) = 0 .
x = 0 3x 4 = 0
x = 0 3x = 4
x=0 x=
4
3
x 2 + x = 0 , 0
, .
,
x 2 + = 0 , 0 ,
= 0 0 ;
115.
x 2 + = 0

x 2 + = 0
x 2 =
( )
x2 =
( , 0 )
.
-
< 0 , .
> 0 , :
x1 = -
, x2 = -
1. 2x 2 + 5 = 0 :
2x 2 + 5 = 0
2x 2 = 5
x2 =
5
5
, < 0 .
2
2
2. 4x 2 - 1 = 0 :
4x 2 1 = 0
4x 2 = 1
x2 =
1
1
, > 0 :
4
4
x1 =
1 , x = 1
2
4
4
116.
x 2 + = 0 , 0
- , , ( 1)
- , , ( 2).
,
x 2 + x + = 0 ,, 0 ;
x 2 + x + = 0
x 2 + x + = 0
,, 0 , , :
x 2 + x + = 0 ,
0.
x2 +
x+ =0
[ 0 ]
x2 +
x=
x2 + 2
x=
2
[
2 x]
2
x2 + 2

x+ =
[
2
2
2
2

]
2
2

x+
=
2
[ ]
x+
= 2
2
[
]

2 4
x+
= 2 2
2
4
4
[ ]

2 4
(1) [ ]
x+
=
2
4 2
117.
4 2 > 0 :
- 2 - 4 > 0 , (1) :
x+
2 4
=
2
4 2
2 4
2 4
x=
2
2
4
2
2
:
x =
x1 =
- + 2 - 4
- - 2 - 4
, x2 =
2
2
2
- - 4 = 0 , (1) : x +
=0
2
x +
= 0 , x = .
2
2
2
- 2 - 4 < 0 , (1) : x +
< 0 , 2
2x 2 6x + 4 = 0 :
2x 6x + 4 = 0
= 2
= 6
= 4
x 2 3x + 2 = 0
[ = 2 ]
x 2 3x = 2
3
x 2 2 x = 2
2
[/ 2 -
= 2 2 ]
x]
2
3
3
3
x 2 2 x + = 2 [ 2
2
2
2
2
2
3
2 2
118.
3
9
x = 2
2
4
[ 1
]
3
9 8
3
1
x = x =
2
4
4
2
4
3
=
2
: x
1
4
3
1
=
2
4
3 1
=
2 2
3
1
=
2
2
x=
3 1
+ =2
2 2
x=
3 1
=1
2 2
2 - 4 x 2 + x + = 0 0 .
1. x 2 + x + = 0 2 0 .
2. x 2 + x + = 0
0 , = 2 - 4 .
:
- > 0 , :
x1 =
- +
, x 2 = - -
2
2
- = 0 ,
: x =
-
2
- < 0 , ,
.
3. , 0,
.
119.
:
2
. x + 2 = 0
. x 2 = 2
. 4x3 x = 0
. ( 2x + 1) ( 4x + 3 ) = 0
. x4 25 = 0
. x 2 4x = 0
. 4x 2 = 12x
. 2x 2 = 5x ( x 3 )
. x 2 = 9
2
. x 2 = 2
. x 2 + 2 = 0
. x 2 = 9
x= 9 x= 9
x = 3 x = 3
x= 2 x= 2
x 2 = 2
. 4x 3 x = 0
x ( 4x 2 1) = 0
x = 0 4x 2 1 = 0
x = 0 4x = 1
4x 2 1 = 0
x = 0 x2 =
1
4
( 2x 1)( 2x + 1) = 0 [ ]
x=0 x=
1
1
x=
4
4
2x 1 = 0 2x + 1 = 0
2x = 1 2x = 1
x=0 x=
1
1
x=
2
2
x=
1 x =1
2
2
. ( 2x + 1) ( 4x + 3 ) = 0
2
( 2x + 1 + 4x + 3)( 2x + 1 4x 3) = 0
[ ]
120.
(6x + 4 )( 2x 2 ) = 0
[]
6x + 4 = 0 2x 2 = 0
6x = 4 2x = 2
x=
2
4
2
x=
x = x = 1 []
3
6
2
. x 4 25 = 0
(x ) 5 = 0
( x 5)( x + 5) = 0
2 2
[ ]
x2 5 = 0
x2 + 5 = 0
x2 = 5
x 2 = 5 [ x 2 = 5 , ]
x= 5 x= 5
. x 2 4x = 0
x (x 4) = 0
[ ]
x =0 x4=0
x=0 x=4
. 4x 2 = 12x
4x 2 12x = 0
[ 1 ]
4x ( x 3) = 0
[ ]
4x = 0 x 3 = 0
x=0 x=3
. 2x 2 = 5x ( x 3 )
2x 2 = 5x 2 15x
[ ]
2x 5x + 15x = 0
[ 1 ]
3x + 15x = 0
[]
3x ( x 5 ) = 0
[ ]
3x = 0 x 5 = 0
x=0 x=5
121.
:
. x 2 4x + 3 = 0
. 2x2 10x + 12 = 0
. x 2 x 1 = 0
. 2x2 4x + 2 = 0
. x 2 4x + 3 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -4 , = 3 = 2 4 = ( 4 ) 4 1 3 = 16 12 = 4 .
2
= 4 > 0 :
4+2 6
= =3
2
2
4 4 4 2
=
=
=
x=
4
2
2
2
2 1
2
x2 =
= =1
2
2
x1 =
x = 3 x = 1 .
. 2x 2 10x + 12 = 0
2 ( x 2 5x + 6 ) = 0
[ , ]
x 5x + 6 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -5 , = 6 .
2
= 2 4 = ( 5 ) 4 1 6 = 25 24 = 1 .
2
= 1 > 0 :
5 +1
=3
5 1 5 1
2
=
=
=
x=
5 1
2
2 1
2
x2 =
=2
2
x1 =
x = 3 x = 2 .
. x 2 x 1 = 0
( x 2 + x + 1) = 0
x 2 + x + 1 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = 1 , = 1 .
= 2 4 = 12 4 1 1 = 1 4 = 3 .
= -3 < 0 ,
. 2x 2 4x + 2 = 0
122.
2 ( x 2 2x + 1) = 0
[ ]
x 2x + 1 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -2 , = 1 .
2
= 2 4 = ( 2 ) 4 1 1 = 4 4 = 0
2
= 0 :
x=
2
2
=
= = 1.
2 2 1 2
:
. ( x 2 ) + x 2 = 2
2
. 2x 2 5x = x 2 9 + x
. x 2 + 1 4x 2 = 0
. ( x 1) 4 ( x 1) + 3 = 0
. ( x 2 7x + 12 ) ( x 2 + x + 1 ) ( x 1) = 0
2x 2 + 1 2x
2x
= 1
2
3
6
. 2x 2 5x = x 2 9 + x
2x 2 5x x 2 + 9 x = 0
[ 1 ]
x 6x + 9 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -6 , = 9 .
2
: = 2 4 = ( 6 ) 4 1 9 = 36 36 = 0
2
= 0 :
x=
6
6
=
= = 3 , x = 3 .
2 2 1 2
. ( x 2 ) + x 2 = 2
2
x 2 4x + 4 + x 2 = 2
[]
x 4x + 4 + x + 2 = 0
[ 1 ]
2x 2 4x + 6 = 0
[]
2 ( x 2 2x + 3 ) = 0
[ ]
x 2 2x + 3 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -2 , = 3 .
: = 2 4 = ( 2 ) 4 1 3 = 4 12 = 8 .
2
< 0
123.
. ( x 2 + 1) 4x 2 = 0
2
x 4 + 2x 2 + 1 4x 2 = 0
[]
[]
x 4 2x 2 + 1 = 0
.
x 4 + x 2 + = 0 , , , 0 .
x 2 = 0 .
: ( x 2 = , x 4 = 2 ) .
2 2 + 1 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -2 , = 1 .
: = 2 4 = ( 2 ) 4 1 1 = 4 4 = 0 .
2
= 0 : =
2
2
=
= = 1.
2 2 1 2
x= 1 x= 1
: x 2 = 1 ,
x = 1 x = 1
. ( x 1) 4 ( x 1) + 3 = 0
2
x - 1 = :
2 4 + 3 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -4 , = 3 .
: = 2 4 = ( 4 ) 4 1 3 = 16 12 = 4 .
2
= 4 > 0 :
4 4 4 2
=
=
=
2
2 1
2
4+2 6
= =3
2
2
42 2
2 =
= =1
2
2
1 =
= 3
x 1 = 3
x = 1+ 3
x=4
=1
,
x 1 = 1 ,
x = 1 + 1 ,

x=2
2
2
. ( x 7x + 12 ) ( x + x + 1) ( x 1) = 0
2
x 2 7x + 12 = 0 x + x + 1 = 0 x 1 = 0 .
124.
:
x 2 7x + 12 = 0 , = 1 , = -7 , = 12
= 2 4 = ( 7 ) 4 1 12 = 49 48 = 1
2
7 +1
=
7 1 7 1
2
=
=
=
x=
7 1
2
2 1
2
=
2
8
=4
2
6
=3
2
x = 4 x = 3
x2 + x + 1 = 0 , = 1 , = 1 , = 1
= 2 4 = 12 4 1 1 = 1 4 = 3 < 0
< 0
x 1 = 0 , x = 1
x = 4 , x = 3 , x = 1 .
2
. 2x + 1 2x = 1 2 x
2
3
6
2x 2 + 1
2x
2 x
6
= 6 1 6
2
3
6
[/ E.K. = 6 ]
3 ( 2x 2 + 1) 2 2x = 6 ( 2 x )
[]
6x 2 + 3 4x = 6 2 + x
[ ]
6x + 3 4x 6 + 2 x = 0
[ 1 ]
6x 5x 1 = 0 , = 6 , = -5 , = -1 []
2
= 2 4 = ( 5 ) 4 6 ( 1) = 25 + 24 = 49 ,
2
5 + 7 12
=
=1
12
12
5 49 5 7
=
=
=
x=
5 7 2
1
2
26
12
x2 =
=
=
12
12
6
x1 =
x = 1 x = -
1
6
x 2 - 2x + 3 = 0
.
125.
.
.
x 2 2x + 3 = 0 2 = 1 , = 2 , = 3 .
= 2 4 = ( 2 ) 4 1 3 = 4 12 .
2
. > 0 , :
4 12 > 0 4 > 12
<
4
1
> < .
12
3
1
.
3
. = 0 , :
4 12 = 0 4 = 12
4
1
= = .
12
3
1
.
3
. < 0 , :
4 12 < 0 4 < 12
>
1
4
< > .
3
12
1
.
3
, x 2 - ( + 1) x - 15 = 0 -3 .
.
x 2 - ( + 1) x - 15 = 0 -3 , -3
x .
: ( 3 ) ( + 1) ( 3 ) 15 = 0 ( x = -3 )
2
9 + 3 + 3 15 = 0
3 15 = 9 3
12 = 12
=
12
=1
12
()
( )
()
( )
126.
= 1 -3 .
= 1 x 2 ( + 1) x 15 = 0 :
x 2 2x 15 = 0 , 2 = 1 , = -2 , = -15 .
= 2 4 = ( 2 ) 4 1 ( 15 ) = 4 + 60 = 64 . :
2
2 + 8 10
=
=5
2 64 2 8
2
2
=
=
=
x=
2 8 6
2
2 1
2
x2 =
=
= 3
2
2
x1 =
x = 5 , x = -3 .
5.
7 12.
x , 7 - x ,
7. x 7 x 12, :
x ( 7 x ) = 12 7x x 2 = 12 x 2 + 7x 12 = 0 ( x 2 7x + 12 ) = 0 ,
x 2 7x + 12 = 0 , = 1 , = 7 , = 12 .
= 2 4 = ( 7 ) 4 1 12 = 49 48 = 1
2
7 1 7 1
=
=
=
x=
2
2 1
2
7 +1 8
= =4
2
2
7 1 6
x2 =
= =3
2
2
x1 =
x = 4 x = 3
x = 4 , 7 x = 7 4 = 3
x = 3 , 7 x = 7 3 = 4
4 3.
13 264.
x , x + 13 , 13.
x x + 13 264, : x ( x + 13) = 264
x 2 + 13x = 264 , 2 = 1 , = 13 , = 264 .
127.
= 2 4 = 132 4 1 ( 264 ) = 169 + 1056 = 1225 ,

13 + 35 22
=
= 11
13 1225 13 35
2
2
=
=
=
x=
13 35 48
2
2 1
2
x2 =
=
= 24
2
2
x1 =
x = 11 , x + 13 = 11 + 13 = 24
x = 24 , x + 13 = 24 + 13 = 11
: 11 24 -11 -24
,
2. .
x ( ) x + 2 ,
2 , :
(x + 2)
= x2 + x2
x 2 + 4x + 4 = x 2 + x 2
x 2 + 4x + 4 x 2 x 2 = 0
x 2 + 4x + 4 = 0
( x 2 4x 4 ) = 0 x 2 4x 4 = 0 , = 1 , = 4 ,
= 4 .
= 2 4 = ( 4 ) 4 1 ( 4 ) = 16 + 16 = 32
2
x=
4 32 4 16 2 4 4 2
=
=
=
=
2
2 1
2
2
x1 =
4 + 4 2 4 1+ 2
=
= 2 1+ 2 = 2 + 2 2
2
2
x2 =
4 4 2 4 1 2
=
= 2 1 2 < 0
2
2
( x > 0 )
x = 2 + 2 2 , x + 2 = 2 + 2 2 + 2 = 4 + 2 2 ,
.
128.
1. :
. x 2 + 5x = 0
. 2y 2 16y = 0
5
. 2 + = 0
4
. k 2 = 4k
. 2 = 4 2 +
4
= 2
3
2. :
. x 2 = 1
. y 2 = 4
. 2 9 = 0
. k 2 + 1 = 0
. 4 2 16 = 9
. 4 2 = 36
3. :
2
. x 7x + 12 = 0
. y 2 6y + 9 = 0
. 32 2 + 1 = 0
. 4k 2 3k = 3k 2 k + 3
. 4 + 1 = 4 2
. 4 2 + 7 = 10
4. :
. 2 ( x 1) = x ( x 1) + 2 ( x + 1)
. ( 2y + 1) ( 2y + 3 ) 2 = 0
. ( 1)2 = 2 ( + 1) + 3
. 2k ( k 2 ) 2 ( k 2 ) = ( k 1) ( k + 1)
. ( 2 ) ( + 2 ) + 2 ( 1) = ( 2 )
. 4 ( 1) + 4 + ( 2 ) ( 3 ) = 10 (3 + 2 )
2
5. :
2
. y 3 = y 1 2y + 3
2
3
6
2
. x + x = 15
4 3 12
2
(6 1) 6 14
. 2 + 1 7 =
5
10
4
2
2
( 2k 3) (3k 2 )
. 2k 2k + 8 5 =
3
6
9
129.
6. :
. x ( x 1) ( x 3) = 0
. ( 2x 1) ( x 2 4 ) = 0
2
. ( 4 8x ) ( x + 8x ) = 0
2
2
. ( 4x + 4x + 1) ( x 2x + 1) = 0
3
2
. ( x x ) ( x 6x + 8 ) = 0
. ( 4x 2 4x + 1) ( x 2 3x + 2 ) = 0
. ( 2x 5 ) ( x 9 ) = 0
. x 3 ( x + 2 ) ( x 1) = 0
7. :
. 4x 4 + 8 = 5x 2
. ( y 9 ) 49 = 0
. ( x 2 4 ) + 12 ( x 2 4 ) + 36 = 0
. ( x 3 ) = 5 ( x 3 )
. ( x 2 + 1) = ( x 2 + 1) + 2
. x 7 x + 12 = 0
8.
:
. x 2 2x + 5 = 0
. x 2 13x + 36 = 0
9.
. x 2 4x + 4 = 0
:
. x 2
2 1 x 2 = 0
2
. k
. x 2 2x = 2 x
. 2 + 3 =
10.
. y 2 3 2 2 y + 4 3 2 = 0
6+ 3
3
k+ 2 =0
3 +1
2x 2 + 6x + 8 2 = 0 .
11. ( x )2 + 5 ( x ) + 6 = 0 5,
.
12.
x 2 2x +
=0.
4
130.
. .
. ) .
13.
x 2 4x + + 1 = 0
14. = (5 3x ) ( x + 4 ) + (3x 5 ) ( x 3) B = 9x 2 25 , :
. A = 0
. B = 0
15. 61.
16. 74.
17. ,
.
18.
30 m
2
56 m . .
19. 10 cm, 2 cm. .
20. , . x.
131.
1
;
2
kx 2 3x + 2 = 0 2 ;
3
2 2 ;
4
x 2 + x + = 0 , 0 , 2 = 4 ;
1
:
2 x 2 + x + = 0 0 ............................... ...............................
......................, ...................... x1 = ...............
x 2 = ...............
......................, ...................... x = ...............
......................, ......................
2
. 3x 2 = x 5 2 = 3 , = 1 = 5 ;
. .
3
2 3 x 2 = 5x 6 ;

, .

:
1.
.
.
2.
... .
3.
...
4. .
-
134.
( ).
5. .

1 2
.
6. , 1. , .
1. , (
), ( ).
2. , .
3. ,
.
135.
4
+5 = x+3
x2
.
: x 2 0 x 2 .
4
+5= x+3
x2
(x 2)
4
+ ( x 2 ) 5 = ( x 2 ) ( x + 3 ) [/ E.K.. = x 2 ]
x2
4 + ( x 2 ) 5 = ( x 2 ) ( x + 3)
[ ]
4 + 5x 10 = x 2 + 3x 2x 6
[]
x 2 3x + 2x + 6 + 4 + 5x 10 = 0
[ 1 ]
x 2 + 4x = 0
[ -x ]
x ( x 4) = 0
x = 0 x 4 = 0 x = 0 x = 4
, .
2.
.
x x 0 , .

1 3
1
. 3 =
x x
x
3
2 :
x
136.
x=
3
2
x
xx = x
[/ E.K.. = x ]
3
x2
x
x 2 = 3 2x
[ ]
x 2 + 2x 3 = 0
[ 1 ]
2 = 1 , = 2 , = 3
= 2 4 = 22 4 1 ( 3) = 4 + 12 = 16 .
2 16 2 4
x =
=
=
=
2
2 1
2
2 + 4 2
= =1
2
2
2 4 6
x2 =
=
= 3
2
2
x1 =
1 3
1
1
.
3
1 2-x
=
x x +1
. : x 0 x + 1 0 x 1
: x 0 x -1 .
.
1 2x
=
x + 1 = x (2 x )
x x +1
[]
x + 1 = 2x x 2
x 2 2x + x + 1 = 0
[ 1 ]
x x +1 = 0
[]
2 = 1 , = -1 , = 1
= 2 4 = ( 1) 4 1 1 = 1 4 = 3
2
< 0 , .
137.
x
2
x 2 - 4x + 2
+
= 2
x - 1 2 - x x - 3x + 2

: x 1 0 , x 1
2 x 0 , 2 x
x 2 3x + 2 0
( x 2 )( x 1) 0 , x 2
x 1.
x
2
x 2 4x + 2
x
2
x 2 4x + 2
=
+
=
x 1 x 2
( x 2 ) ( x 1)
x 1 2 x ( x 2 ) ( x 1)
E.K.. = ( x 2 )( x 1) :
( x 2 ) ( x 1)
x
2
x 2 4x + 2
( x 2 ) ( x 1)
= ( x 2 ) ( x 1)
x 1
x2
( x 2 ) ( x 1)
x ( x 2 ) ( x 1) 2 = ( x 2 4x + 2 )
[]
x 2 2x 2x + 2 = x 2 4x + 2
[]
x 2x 2x + 2 x + 4x 2 = 0
0 x = 0 ,
[ 1 ]
x x = 2 x = 1
( )
:
1
2
x-6
+
=
x x 2 - x x 2 - 4x + 3
: x 0
x 2 x 0 , x ( x 1) 0 , . x 0 x 1
x 2 4x + 3 0 ( x 1)( x 3) 0 . x 3 x 1 .
/
E.K.. = x ( x - 1 )( x - 3 ) .
x ( x 1)( x 3 )
1
2
x6
+ x ( x 1)( x 3 )
= x ( x 1)( x 3 )
x
x ( x 1)
( x 1)( x 3 )
( x 1)( x 3) + ( x 3) 2 = x ( x 6 )
[]
138.
x 2 3x x + 3 + 2x 6 = x 2 6x
[ ]
x 3x x + 3 + 2x 6 x + 6x = 0
[ 1 ]
3
4
, .
4x 3 = 0 , 4x = 3 , x =
2
4
1
=
x - 2 x2 - 4 x + 2

: x 2 0 , x 2
x + 2 0 , x 2
2
x 2 4 0 , x 4 , x 2 x 2
2
4
1
=
x 2 x2 4 x + 2
( x + 2 )( x 2 )
[/ E.K.. = ( x + 2 )( x - 2 ) ]
2
4
1
( x + 2 )( x 2 )
= ( x + 2 )( x 2 )
+
+2
x2
x
2
x
2
x
(
)(
)
(x + 2) 2 4 = x 2
[ ]
2x + 4 4 = x 2
2x = x 2
2x x = 2
x = 2
[]
[]
[ ]
[]
( x 2 x -2 ).
.

450 . 5 ,
50 . , 0,3 . .
x .
450 ,
450
.
x
139.
x 50 450 ,
450
x 50
. 0,3
3
.
10
450
450 3
=
x 50
x
10

: x 50 x 0 , x > 0 .
/ E.K.. = 10x ( x - 50 ) :
10x ( x 50 )
450
450
3
10x ( x 50 )
= 10x ( x 50 )
x 50
x
10
10x 450 10 ( x 50 ) 450 = x ( x 50 ) 3
[]
4500x 4500x + 225000 = 3x 2 150x
[]
3x 2 + 150x + 4500x 4500x + 225000 = 0
[ 1 ]
3x + 150x + 225000 = 0
[ -3 ]
x 2 50x 75000 = 0
2 = 1 , = 50 , = 75000 .
= 2 4 = ( 50 ) 4 1 ( 75000 ) = 2500 + 300000 = 302500
2
50 + 550
x1 =
= 300
50 302500 50 550
2
=
=
=
x=
50 550
2
2 1
2
x2 =
= 250
2
x = 300 x = 250 ( x
). 300 .

, 40 Km. .
10 Km/h , . (
).
x Km/h , -
140.
( x 10 ) Km / h .
: = (S = t )

:
40
h , x
40
1
h . h x 10
4
40
40
1
=
.
x x 10 4
: x 0 x 10 , x > 0 x
/ E.K.. = 4x ( x - 10 ) :
4x ( x 10 )
40
40
1
= 4x ( x 10 )
4x ( x 10 )
x
x 10
4
4 ( x 10 ) 40 = 4x 40 x ( x 10 )
[]
160x 1600 = 160x x 2 + 10x
[ ]
160x 1600 160x + x 10x = 0
[ 1 ]
x 2 10x 1600 = 0
[]
2 = 1 , = 10 , = 1600
= 2 4 = ( 10 ) 4 1 ( 1600 ) = 100 + 6400 = 6500
2
10 6500 10 80, 6
x =
=
=
=
2
2 1
2
10 + 80, 6
= 45,3
2
10 80, 6
= 35,3
2
x = 45,3Km / h x = 35,3Km / h ( x > 0 )

45,3 Km/h 35,3 Km/h.
141.
1. :
.
5
1
=
x +8 x 8
8 + 5y
5y
=
y
y2
3
3 + 2
=
+2
2. :
.
y
2
+
+y=0
y4 y4
1
2
+
=0
t 3 1 t
. 2x 2 + 3x 1 = 2 8
x+2 x2 x 4
y
3
y 2 + 25
+
=0
5 y y + 5 25 y 2
6
7
48
=
4 + 4 2 16
t
6
+
=4
t 1 t2 1
12
8
2 33
=0
3 2 3 + 2 4 9 2
2
3
+
=3
x x+2
. 1 + 1 = 7
1 12
3. :
4. :
. x 2 + 4 = 2 8
x
x 2 x 2x
. + 2 = + 3 2 4
+ 4 + 4
2y
2
= 1
y +1
y2 + y
. 3 = 2 + 2t 4
t + 2 t t + 2t
.
5. :
.
2 ( x 1)
x2
x
3
=
+4
x 3 x 2 5x + 6
y 1
y
y +1
=
+ 2
y 2 y +1 y y 2
142.
. 2 + 1 + 1 1 = 7 7
3 1
2 4 + 3
.
t
2
t
+
=
t 2 7t + 12 t 4 t 3
1
+1
1
=
+
2 + 3 + 2 2 + 4 + 1
4y
14
5 =
2
y4
( y 4)
6. :
.
3x
6
= 4+
2
x+6
(x + 6)
2
. 2 3 2 = 2 6 5 3
3
2
7. :
.
x +1
2
2x 1
=
x x 2 x 2 2x + 2
3
2 + 5
4
= 3
+ 2
2
3 4 + 2 + 4
1
3y
1
+ 2
+ 2
=0
y 4 y + y 2 y 3y + 2
2
x 2 2x 15
4x 12
B =
, B A = 0 .
x2 9
x 6x + 9
8.
9.
x 2 1 = 2x
10.
1
1
1+
= 0
x 1
x +1
A
2
2
= 1 , A = ( x 3 ) ( x + 3 ) B = 3x 2 2x , B
x.
11. :
2
x +1
x +1
.
+3= 0
4
x 1
x 1
3
3
. y = 2 + y
y
y
143.
12. , 1

7
.
12
13.
x 2 2x + 2 = 0 . E 5
, .
2
14. .
,
18 , 27 ,
, .
15. - . 14 Km / h,
1/2 . ,
- 210 Km.
144.
1
;
2
. ;
. ;
1
1
12
+
= 2
( x + 3) + ( x 3) = 12
x+3 x3 x 9
2
:
x 1
1
x
=
x 2 x 2 5x + 6 x 3
3
:
2
2 1
3
= 2
y + 1 y y ( y + 1)2
10

11
y = x y = x +
12
y = x 2 , y = x 2 + x + , y =
10
T ;

x
y.
y = f ( x ) . f ( x )
. x y
.
:
1. y =
1
.
x
1
1
y = .
x
x
2.
f ( x ) =
f ( x ) = x 2 .
;

x
, x f ( ) .
.. f ( x ) = 3x 2 2 . x = 4
f ( 4 ) = 342 2 = 316 2 = 46 .
148.
T ;
x f ( x ) .

( x, f ( x )) .
( 4, 46 ) f.
.

.
.

.
:
f ( x ) = 2x 3 . .
x
y=f(x)
54
16
16
54
(0, 0)
(1, 2)
(2, 16)
(3, 54)
(x, f(x)) (3, 54) (2, 16) (1, 2)
(2,16)
(1,2)
(-1,-2)
(0,0)
(-2,-16)
A ( x0 , y 0 )
f;
x0
f (x0 ) .

149.
f ( x 0 ) = y0 f.
f ( x 0 ) y0 f.
.. ( 2,1) f ( x ) = x 2 2x , f ( 2 ) = 22 22 = 0 1 .

f yy;
y
(0, f(0))
0,
f (0 ) . (0, f (0 )) .
.. f ( x ) = x 2 + 5x + 4
yy (0, f (0 ) = 4 ) .
x = 0 yy.

y
A(x
, f(x
))
f xx;
(x
3, f
2 , f(
x2 )) (x3 ))
B(x

xx , ,
0. f ( x1 ) = 0 f ( x 2 ) = 0
f ( x3 ) = 0 .
0.
f ( x ) = 0 .
f ( x ) = ( x + 1)( x 1)( x 2 ) xx yy.
150.
f ( 0 ) = 1( 1)( 2 ) = 2 . yy
(0, 2) .
f ( x ) = 0
( x + 1)( x 1)( x 2 ) = 0
x +1 = 0 x 1 = 0 x = 2 = 0
x = 1 x = 1 x = 2 .
A ( 1, 0 ) , B (1, 0 ) , ( 2, 0 ) .

y = f ( x ) y = g ( x ) ;
A ( , y ) -
f(x)
f y = f ( ) .
A(, y)
g ,
g(x)
y = g ( ) . f ( ) = g ( ) .

f ( x ) = g ( x )
.
f ( x ) = x 2 g ( x ) = x
f ( x ) = g ( x )
x2 x = 0
x ( x 1) = 0
0
x
y
x = 0 x =1.
f (0 ) = g (0 ) = 0 f (1) = g (1) = 1 . (0, 0 ) (1,1) .
f ( x ) =
151.
x3 - 8
. x = 0, x = 1 x = 2 .
x +1
f 0 f (0 ) =
08
= 8 .
0 +1
f 1 f (1) =
13 8
7
= .
1+1
2
f 2 f ( 2 ) =
23 8 0
= =0.
2 +1 3
S ( t ) =
1 2
t . t = 3 .
2
S (3 ) =

t.
1 2 9
3 =
2
2
f (h ) = 3x 2 + 2h - 10 , f (5 ) .
f (5 ) = 3x 2 + 25 10 f (5) = 3x 2
f ( x ) = 2x 2 - 5 y = 195 ;
: y = f ( x )
195 = 2x 2 5

h. x
.
152.
2x 2 = 200
y = f ( x )
x 2 = 100
x = 10
x f y.
195 x = 10 x = 10 .
f (10 ) = 195 f ( 10 ) = 195 .
f ( x ) =
3x - 1
. x f;
x-4
x 4 x = 4 . f
x 4.
x g ( x ) = 5 - x ;
0 . x
.
5 x 0 x 5 . g x 5.
A (1, 8 ) B (1,10 ) ;
x = 1 8 10.
f ( x ) = 3x5 + x
A (1, 7 ) .
A (1, 7 ) : f (1) = 7
315 + 1 = 7
=4
153.
.
.
.
.
.
20
. h . (h)
.
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

12
(Km)
20
40
A
50
54
60
70
74
80
:
. 10km;
. ;
. ;
. ;
. ;
. ;
154.
xx yy .
. xx 10 yy 50.
10Km 50. h (10 ) = 50 .
.
. xx h = 90 .
yy h (90 ) = 74 .
. .
. 0
xx. h = 2, h = 57, h = 112 .
. 0 18Km
y = 54 .
. xx
.
h : 2 < h < 45 57 < h < 110 .
. x
. x
.
E = 25 3 .
B

2
x.
: E =
x. ( = 90 ) .
:
2
x
2 =
+ 2 x 2 = + A2
2
2
0
2 = x 2
A =
x2
4
2 =
4x 2 x 2
4
2 =
3x 2
4
3x 2
3x 2
3 x2
3
=
=
=
x,
4
2
4
4
y
x.
(x > 0)
155.
1. f ( x ) = 3x 2 + 1 .
. .
. .
y
2. f.
4
. f ( x ) = 0
. ;
. 4.
. 2.
2 4
3. f ( x ) = 2x 3 x A ( 1,5) .
4. f ( x ) = 3x 2 2x 1
. yy.
. xx.
5.
6.
y = x 2 y = 2 x .
A (1, 2 ) B (1, 3)
;
156.
7.
x, K ( x ) = x 3 4x
. K (1) , K ( 2 ) , K (3) . ;
157.
1
:
. f ( x ) = 3x 8 f ( 2 ) = 2
. f ( x ) = x 3 5x + 2003 f yy
(0, 2003) .
.
A (3, 7 ) , B ( 3, 7 )
.
(1,5) , (1, 0 ) .
. f ( x ) = x ( x 1)( x 2 )( x 3) xx 4 .
2
. f ( x ) = x 8 + 31x 7 + 42x + 1821x .
. yy .
. f ( x ) g ( x ) x
.
. f ( x ) 3 f ( x ) = 2 .
1

f.
.
f (0 ) , f ( 1) , f ( 2 ) , f (5)
. .
3
2
4 5
158.
. x f .
2
f ( x ) x 2 4x + 3
. yy.
. xx.
. f ( 1) = f (5 ) .
3
f ( x ) = x 3 x 2 + 2x 1
A ( 1,10 ) .
11
y=x y = x +
y = x .
y = x
(0, 0 ) .
y = x ,
. ( )
(0, 0 ) , .
y
(0, y)
M(x, y)
K
(x, 0)
y = x x 0 ,
y
= .
x
y
.
x
y, x .

xx .
y
=
=
x
=
y
=
x
y = x
> 0 .
< 0 .
= 0 y = 0x y = 0 .
y = 0 0
x xx.
160.
y = x + .
y=
O
x
y=

y = x .

.
yy
y = 0 + = . (0, )
(O, )
xx y = 0 .
x + = 0 . x =

xx , 0 .

= 0 y = x + y = 0 +
y=
y = , xx
(0, ) .
y=
3
1
y=3
y = 2
y=1

xx;

y = x y = x + ...
x = 3 y.
y = x y = x +
161.
(
xx).
x + y = 0 0 .
0 x + y = :
y = x +
x +
y=
y= x+
y = x +
.
= 0 x + y = x =
x=
( ) xx

, 0 .

1. y = x + (1 )
y = x +
( 2 )
= .
* = =
(1 ) , ( 2 ) .
2. y = , y = .
3. x = k (1 ) , x = ( 2 ) .
4. y = x + . ( x,
)
.

xx.
y = x y = x +
162.
(1 ) y =
x
2
( 4 ) y = 3
(7 ) 2y - 6x + 7 = 0
( 2 ) y = 3x + 1
(5 ) x - 2y + 7 = 0
( 8 ) x = 1
( 3 ) y = 1
( 6 ) x = 8
(9 ) y = 4x + 1
( 3 ) // ( 4 ) xx.
( 6 ) // (8 ) yy.
( 5 ) :
(1 ) y =
( 7 )
2y = x + 7 y =
x+7
1
7
y= x+
2
2
2
1
x . ( 5 ) // (1 ) .
2
2y = 6x 7 y =
6x 7
7
y = 3x
2 2
2
( 7 ) ( 2 ) y = 3x + 1 .
y = -5x + 4
A ( 3, 8 ) .
y = x + .
y = 5x + 4 = 5 . y = 5x + .
(3,8) :
y = x y = x +
163.
8 = 5 3 + = 8 + 15 = 23
y = 5x + 23 .
( 2, 5 ) , (4,11) .
y = x + . ( 2,5) 5 = 2 + (1)
( 4,11) 11 = 4 + (2)
(1), (2). (1) (2) :
5 11 = 2 4 6 = 2 = 3
(1) = 3 5 = 23 + = 1 . y = 3x 1 .
( 2, 5 ) , (4,11) , (0, -1) , (-2, -6 ) .
, .
(3)
y = 3x 1 . ( 0, -1)
B(4, 11)
5
. x = 0 y = 1 :
1 = 30 1 1 = 1

.

( 2, 6 )
A(2, 5)
(0, 1)
(6, 7)
6 = 3 ( 2 ) 1 6 = 1
. , , .
3 , , .
2
.
.
2
y = ( - 5 ) x + 3
(1 ) y = -6x + - 2
:
5 1 3
2 5 = 6 2 5 + 6 = 0 =
=
2
2
y = x y = x +
( 2 )
164.
1. .
(1 ) y =
x
4
( 4 ) y = 3
( 7 ) 3y 9x = 0
( 2 ) y = 3x + 10
(5 ) 4x 8y 3 = 0
(8 ) x = 7
(3 ) y = 5
( 6 ) x = 1960
(9 ) y = 4x 43
2.
y = 5x + 4
A (3,8 ) .
3. ( 2,5) , ( 4,11) .
4. (1, 0 ) , ( 2,1) , ( 4,3), (1, 7 )
5.
y = ( 2 4 ) x +10 (1 ) y = 3x + 7 1
y = x y = x +
( 2 )
165.
1
;
2
;
1
3x 6y = 4
A ( 1,3) .
2
A (1, 4 ) , B (1, 3) .
3
:
y = ( 2 + 3 ) x 6
y = 4x + 2 1 .
y = x y = x +
12
y = x2 ,
y = x2+x+, y =
x
f ( x ) = x 2 , 0 .

.
> 0
x = 0 f (0 ) = 0
y
y = x2
xx.
O (0, 0 ) .
x = 0 ( yy).
< 0
x = 0 f (0 ) = 0
xx.
O (0, 0 ) .
x = 0 ( yy).

f ( x ) = x 2 + x + 0 .
y = x 2 .
.

, f = . 2
2
4
168.

.
> 0
x =
:
2

y = f =
.
2
4
> 0 .
<0
>0
=0
O
O
. 1
. 2
. 3
< 0
x 0 =

. y = f =
2
4
< 0 .
=0
>0
<0
O
O
. 4
. 5
. 6
169.
. . 1 . 4 > 0 .
xx .
. . 2 . 5 = 0 .
xx .
. . 3 . 6 < 0 .
xx.
y = x 2 + x +
x
B
A
.
2
, ,
x =
B
A
x =
O
,

2
4

.
2
f ( x ) = x 2 + x + yy
( 0, f ( 0 ) = ) .
= 2 4
xx
() f ( x ) = 0 .
= 2 4 = 0
>0
xx x =
o
y
f ( x ) =
.
2
y= ;
x
x
x, y .
y
<0
x
o
y
xx yy .
xx yy .

x
.
y =
170.
y = x 2 + x + 1 .
7
3
-3 -2 -1
1 2
. = 2 4
= 12 4 1 1 = 3
,
4
2
1 ( 3 ) 1
,
= ,
4 2
2
3
.
4
1
O 1
3

,

2 4
= 1 .
x =
1
. = 3 < 0
2
xx. x = 0
y = 1.
171.
:
2. y = 3x 2 4
3. y = x 2 5x
4. y = 5x 2
1. y = x 2 + 3x 1
, , , .
5
A ,
2
3
, B ( 0, 4 ) , 2 ,
, ( 0, 0 ) .
3 13
5 25
1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ,
, ( 0, 4 ) , 2 , 4 .
2 4
= 16m .
y =
1 2
x . , 4
xx.
16
, ( 8, y ) B (8, y ) .
2

A = =
1
1
2
( 8 ) = 64 = 16 .
4
4
16m .
y=

. A ( 2, 1) , B (1, 1) ,
1
, 1 .
2
y = x 2
(0, 0).
: 1 = 22 =
1
.
4
y =
1 2
x .
4
172.
y = x 2 y = 4x 2 , :
2
1
1 = = 4
2

20m,
.. AZ = x x. . x
.
45o
E
45o
. : E = A
= = = x , :
45o
45o
= = 20 x . E = E ( x ) = x ( 20 x ) .
. E ( x ) = x ( 20 x ) = 20x x 2 = x 2 + 20x .
20
=
= 10 .
2
2 ( 1)
= 10 = 20 10 = 10
.
= 1 x =
f ( x ) =
g (x ) =
1
.
x
f (x)
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
3
g (x)
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
3
173.
y=
1
, x < 1 (1)
x
y = x , 0 x 1
y = x , 1 x 0
(3)
y=
1
, 1 x
x
(2)
(4)
(1) y =
1
x
(-1, 1)
x 1 .

. (2) y = x
x
: 1 x < 0 .
1
-1
. y = x
0 x < 1
(1, 1)
0 1
y =
1

x
x x 1 .
y
(1, 1)
1
174.
:
y=
1
, x < 1
x
y = x ,
y = x , 0 x <1
y=
1
,
x
:
1
x ,
x ,
f (x ) =
x ,
1
,
x
x < 1
1 x < 0
0 x <1
x >1
1 x < 0
x >1
175.
1.
y = 3x + 10 .
2. A ( 2, 1) 2x 5y = 4 .
3. (1, 2), B (3, 1) .

4.
y = ( 2 + 2 ) x 3 y = 3x 5
5. f f ( x ) = x 2 + 4x 3 .
6. f f ( x ) = 10 .
x
7. .
y
0
-2
x
(1)
(1, -1)
(1, 1)
x
176.
8. f f ( x ) = x 2 2x + 11 . f (1 + ) = f (1 ) .
9.
y=
1
y = x .
x
10. f.
. f;
. f;
. f ( x ) > 0 ;
1
8 .
, , .
1. y 8 = 0
3. y =
7
, x0
x
2. 3x 2 5x = y
4. 3x 5y + 1 = 0
5. x 2 + y + 4 = 0
6. xy = 12 , x 0
7. x 2 + y 2 = 100
8. x 3 2x + 1 = y
1
:
f ( x ) = x 2 5x + 6
177.
g (x ) = x2 + 4
h ( x ) = 3 ( x 1) + 5
2
2
. () (2, 3)
y = 2x .
.
() Ox, Oy.
3
5.000 . 1.000 20 .
t
t .
:
. (t).
. .
. (t).
.
.
13

-
-

14

15

13

-
-

,
.
1.
.

.
2. .

.

.
, . .
182.

, ,
.
(n) .
;

.
;
. :
. ..
.
.. .
n ;

( )
n
x x1 ,..., x n ,
x x =
x1 + x 2 + ...x n
.
n
10
: 13, 15, 18, 13, 14, 15, 16, 15, 16, 15.
- - - - -
183.
:
x=
13 + 15 + 18... + 15
= 15
10
x1 + x 2 + ... + x n
x.
x=
x
n
n ;
n

n
n .
.
. 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 5, 7
. 3, 4, 0, 1, 2, 5, 7, 1
. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
n = 7 .
= 3.
. 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7
n = 8 .
. =
2+3
= 2,5 .
2
50% 50% .
- - - - -
184.
n
;

,

.

.

.

.
. ( 2).
- - - - -
800
.
. .
. .
.
. ;
185.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
. x = 0 128 . 128
. (f)
128
= 0,16 16%.
800

.
x = 0 f =
128
184
248
160
48
24
8
()

.
x

x = 0,1,...,6 .

0 f 1

1
- - - - -
186.
() (F) x,
x.

vx
n
, . x
x,
x.
x=
. :
v x = 0 128 + 1 148 + ... + 6 8 = 1520

x=
v x 1520
=
= 1,9
n
800
400 401 . -
2+2
= 2.
2
.
90% .
: 100% 90% = 10% .
2. =

.
.
. . .
.
.
. .
.
.
156 < 162

162 < 168
168 < 174
174 < 180
180 < 186
186 < 192
2
8
12
11
5
2
40
- - - - -
187.
156 < 162

162 < 168
168 < 174
174 < 180
180 < 186
186 < 192
. . v x
x
v
f%
. N . . F%
159
165
171
177
183
189
2
8
12
11
5
2
40
5
20
30
27,5
12,5
5
2
10
22
33
38
40
5
25
55
82,5
95
100
318
1320
2052
1947
915
378
6930
100

.

.

.
- - - - -
188.
.
F%

.

.
. x,
v x = 2 159 + ... + 2 189 = 6930
6930
= 173, 25cm .
40

50%. ( ) 172 .
n = 40 x =
9 205 cm.
. 216.
;
. 208 cm
;
. x =
(
9
= 9 205 = 1845cm .
9
1845 + 216 = 2061 .
). 205 =
2061
= 206,1 .
10
. x,
10 x ' =
x=
1845 + x , 208 = 1845 + x x = 235cm .

10
10
- - - - -
1. 50 -
189.
.
. ,
.
. .
.
.
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
2. 40
, .
. .
. .
. .
0x<2
3
2
5
3
7
9
7
7
5
2
50
2x<4
4x<6
6x<8
8 x < 10
8
12
10
6
4
40
3. 30 60 kg. 16
65 kg. .
4. H 10. 5,
12, 15 .
- - - - -
190.
5. 500
.
. .
f%
. .
0x<3
3 x <6
6 x < 12
12 x < 24
24 x < 36
25
27
28
12
8
100
.
. .
.
6. 400 .

400 x < 500

500 x < 600
600 x < 700
700 x < 800
800 x < 900
900 x < 1000
1000 x < 1100
1100 x < 1200
15
45
60
75
70
60
50
25
. , .
. .
7. 30 165 cm. :
. 175 cm
. 168 cm
. 175 cm 168 cm.
- - - - -
191.
1
. ;
. ;
. ;
2
. n ;
. ;
1
, , :
12, 17, 10, 11, 16, 15, 13, 8, 18, 13.
. :
i. 17
ii. 12,7
iii. 13,3
iv. 15,1
. :
i. 12,5
ii. 13
iii. 13,5
iv. 15
2

.
. ;
.
(f%).
.
.
3
To 70 170 cm.
30 185 cm.
;
- - - - -
14
,
.
: 1 10
15
20
29
: 10 14
15
16
20
x = 15 .

.
. .
n ;

.
29 1 = 28
20 10 = 10 .
n ;
(x x )

n
.
.
194.
:
( x x ) = (1 15 ) + (10 15 ) + (15 15 ) +
2
+ ( 20 15 ) + ( 29 15 ) = 196 + 25 + 0 + 25 + 196 = 442

2
442
= 88, 4 9, 4
5
:
=
( x x ) = (10 15 ) + (14 15 ) + (15 15 )

2
+ (16 15 ) + ( 20 15 ) = 25 + 1 + 0 + 1 + 25 = 52
2
52
= 10, 4 3, 2
5
> ,

.
=

.
.
:
,

x = =
x = x .
68%
x x + , 95%
x 2
x + 2 99,7% x 3 x + 3 .
195.

.
.
(
)
75
10
117
90
55
18
365
.
x .
x=
vx 824
2, 26
=
n
365
v ( x x )
757, 794
1, 44 .
365
196.

.
.
4x<6
6x<8
8 x < 10
10 x < 12
12 x < 14
5
10
15
12
8
50
4x<6
6x<8
8 x < 10
10 x < 12
12 x < 14
5
7
9
11
13
x=
vx
(x - x )
v (x - x )
5
10
15
12
8
25
70
135
132
104
18,6624
5,3824
0,1024
2,8224
13,5424
93,132
53,824
1,536
33,8688
108,3392
50
466
290,88
v x 466
=
= 9,32
n
50
290,88
= 5,8176 2, 412
50

60 , 5.
.
. 55
. 60
. 50 65
. :
197.
x =
, x = x .
x 5 = 60 5 = 55 x = 60 34% (68/2).
0 60 50% . 0 55
50% 34% = 16% . 55 16% .
x =
. 60 50% 50% .

95
. 50 60
% 47,5%,

2
50% 68

34%.
60 65
%
2

50 65 81,5%.
198.
1.

x.
.
40 x < 48
7
48(.:
x <x 56
= 58,8 , 7,14 )
5
56 x < 64
64 x < 72
2. 7, 11, 10, 13, 15, 3, 12, 11, 4

14. , ,
.
3.
.
.
12
12
14
13
23
16
30
22
36
32
4. ,
95%
: ( x , x + )
: ( x 2, x + )
: ( x 2, x + 2 )
: ( x 3, x + 3 )
5.
10 2 .

.
. 8
. 6 12
199.
1
; .
2
.
;
:
. x 2, x + 2
. x 3, x + 3
. x , x +
1
n = 50 : x = 560 (x x) 2 = 1800
x .
2
10 :7, 5, 14, 6, 12, 6, 7, 11, 13, 10.
:
. x
.
.
.
;
3
30 oC
4 C, 2 C
.
32 C,
4 oC.
( 30 , .)
15
1: .
: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

P ( 2 ) =
1
, .. 2.
6
1
.
6
2: .
: () ().

1

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

(1), ( 2 ), ... ( 6 )

.

(0 2 4).
2
: , . ( ) ,
( )
1
.
2
1
1
P ( K ) = P ( ) = .
2
2
:
P (K ) + P ( ) =
1 1
+ = 1.
2 2
2
.
.
. .
10
20
..
.
100
..
.
200
7
13
..
.
46
..
.
99
0,7
0,65
..
.
0,46
..
.
0,495
202.
,
0,5. *
P ( K ) = 0,5 . ,

*.
.
P ( A ) .: 0 P ( A ) 1
1: () : ( ) =
3 1
= 6 2
3 6.

.. 7. 0.
1.
..
x 1 x 6 ( ) = 1 .
203.

: . ..
.
P ( A ) + P ( B ) = 1
204.
2 , 5 3 .
. , .
10. 5 + 3 = 8 . P =
8
= 0,8 .
10
x . :
. P ( x 4 )
. P ( x 4 )
x 4 x 4 ;
. 3
6. P ( x 4 ) =
3 1
= .
6 2
. 4.
P (x 4) =
4 2
= .
6 3
P (x 4) + P (x 4) =
1 2 7
+ = >1.
2 3 6
(*)
4
.

(*).
2, 3, 4, 5 6
. :
.
. 5
. 20.000
. 6.
205.
. .
5.
3 5. 2
2
= 0, 4 .
5
. 5 0 5. -
1
= 0, 2 .
5
. 5
1 q =
20.000. r =
5
=1
5
( ).
. 1
S=
1
= 0, 2 .
5
50 . .
50 .
:
:
: 3
: 3
: 2 4 .
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
14
13
9
5
3
6
= 0,12 .
50
1, 2 3 .
P ( A ) =
14 13 9 36
+
+
=
= 0, 72 .
50 50 50 50
4 5
P (B) =
5
3
8
+
=
= 0,16
50 50 50
0,1 5
P ( ) =
P ( ) =
6 14 3 23
+
+
=
= 0, 46 .
50 50 50 50

206.
1. 52
.
:
: 10
.
2. 10 12 , 18 10 . .
:
.
.
. ,
3.
= {12,13,14,...25} . .
, :
. 5
. 7
. 3
4. P ( A ) = 2 P ( B ) , P ( A ) P ( B ) .
5. 1500
250 .
. . 1000 .
207.
6.
.
50
50
20 %
15 %
8%
12 %
15 %
10 %
.

:
: 50
: .
5%
15 %
208.
1
.
. ,
;
. ;
2
. ;
. ;
. ;
. ;
1
2 . .
2
t
3, p : 22 2 + 1 > 0, , q
2 < 0, .
: (2t 12)9 + p12 t2(25q 27)
3
T .
. P(A) 1 P() 0.
. P(A)/P(B) = 3/5 P(A) P(B).
16

17

18

19

16
.

, .

.
;
:
.
. < + , < + , < +
. 180 .
+
+ = 180 .
212.
:
1 :
.
.
= '

= ' =
=
'
2 :
. .
=

= '
=
= '
213.
3 :
. -
=

. = ' =
= '
:
.
.
.
.
214.
B .
.
,
= :
i E
i = ( )
i = ( )
= : =
=

. .
= :
i = ( / )
i = ( / )
i = ( )
. = .
:
. =
. =
. = :
. <
+
2
215.
i = ()
i = ( )
=
( )
i
1
. = = (1)
. : < +
= 2
(1) :
2 +
+
<
<
2
2
2
(//) , . :
. .
. =
. =
// , //
/ = (1)
= (2)
. = :
i
i = ( (1))
i = ( . )
. = ( . ) = (3).
. : + + =
+ + =
(2) (3) : 2 = =
( = )
= . = .
216.
=

2
2
= 2, 2.
1
1
= :
i = ( )
i = ()
=
i
1
= = .
, ( = ) .
=

= :
i
i = ()
=
i
= = .
, , , ,
= = . .
= :
i = ( )
i = ()
= 60
=
i
= = (1)
= :
i = ( )
i = ()
= 60
i =
= = (2)
(1) (2) : = = .

217.
1.
A ( = )
2. , ,
. , = .
3. ,
, . ,
.
4.
A ( = ) . , ,
, , .
5.
. ,
.
6.
. , = . = .
7.
A B , , .
= . = .
8.
A ( = ) . ,
9. , , , , , :
+ + < + + .
10. .
.
218.
11. A ( = ) .
.
.
12.
= . : . = 30
.
. =
. Ox, Oy , ,
13. xOy
OA = O O = O . = .
14.
A ( = ) .
, .
15.
AB .
+ + >
+ + .
2
16. . , , ,
= = = .
.
17. A ( = ) .
= . , ,
.
18.
=
.
,
= .
19. . , = , = . ,
.
219.
1
;
;
2
. .
. .
1
:
. =
=

.
:
. = = =
. .
3
: =
17

.

:
1 // 2 // 3
=
AB = B

;

, .
:

// B
222.
.
.. 5
5
x 5 .
= = = = ()
, , ,
.
.
= = = =

;

.
:
// =

2
:
.
:

= 90

=
2
:

// (

). .
, = , . =
.
2
223.

,
.
:
n1 // n 2 // n 3 ,
AB
=
=

( ).

;
.
:
2 //

=
=

1 //

=
=

// , .
. :

=
=

224.
, , , ,
/.

(1)

//

(2)

//

(1) (2)
.
.
.
, .
// (1)

// (2)

225.
(1) (2) : // (3)

// (4)

// (5)

(4) (5) : // (6)
(3) (6) .
= 20cm .
x , , .
,
, , = = .
.
,
.
.

//

//
226.

//
= 12cm :
4
1
7
AB , AB , AB .
5
5
5
x.
Ax
AK = K = = = = = . .
4
7
1
AB = , AB = , AB =
5
5
5
, .
.
, , :
(1)
2
(2)
(1) (2) =
.
227.
x . .
.
// (
x 5
) =
= 2x = 15
,
3 2

x = 7, 5
.
// . :
3 x
M
= 6x = 12 x = 2 .
=
6
4
M
.
B = 12 = 8 = 4
// . :
x 8
= 4x = 16 x = 4
2 4
.
// (
) . . :
,
x 9

= 3x = 18 x = 6
=
2 3

228.
.
// . :

x 9
=
= x 2 = 36 x = 6
4 x

////. = 9cm AE = 3cm , BZ = 9cm .

x.
= = 9 3 = 6
//// . :
AE
3 9
= 3x = 54 x = 18cm
=
E
6 x
x, y // .
. // . :
x
y
1 y
=
=
4y = 16 y = 4
4x 16
4 16
. . :
x
6
A
= 8x = 6 ( x + 4 )
=
.
x+4 8

8x = 6x + 24 8x 6x = 24 2x = 24 x = 12
229.
. B =

( )
=
.
1
2
.
// .

=
(1)

1
2
=
( )
=

1
1
1
2 = ( )
= (2) .
(1) (2) .
:
.
1
= , ////. :
4
. AB

1
=
=

4
1
1
1
=
=
1 =
4
1
5
= 1+
=
4
4

4 1
=
=
= 1 =

5 5
5
=
= =5
1
230.
.
, , .
.

=

(1)
=

=
// .

// .
=
(1) .
. = .
231.
1. .
2. .
3. , , , . , ,
= = .
4. A B ( = 90 ) = 30 .
.
2
5. , .
.

. .
6. . , , , ,
.
7. , .

,
, , , .
2
8.
// =
1
. 4
1
.
4
9. .
=
.
4
232.
10.
( = ) .
, , , . .
11. ,
. , ,
.
12. x // .
13. x // .
14. x
// .
15.
233.
= 90o
A
) AB = 6cm A = 8cm . ,
, .
.
.
16.
(//) , , ////.
= x , A = 2x 1 , = 1 , = x x.
17.
x, y, Oz , x.
y, , .
, z
, . //.
18. . .
= .
19. , .
, , . = .
20. . ,
, , , .
. :

,
,

. : 2 =
21. (//) , , . ,
, . .
22. , , , .

: . = ,
=

. //
234.
1
;
2
;
1
x :
.
2
= = 90 .
B
.
3
(//). , ,
// // .
18
;
.

.
.
.
A B , A B
.

:
= A,

=
= ,
= ,
= ,
=
=
=
=

236.

.
;
( )
1.

.
2. .

.

.
= ,
= , =
A B
:
= ,
= , = , ,

, ,
, , , , .

.
=
=

237.
.
.
.
= 90
= = = 90

.
, .
= 90
= 90
=
=

:
12 3
=
=
8 2
6 3
= =
3
4 2
=
=
=
=
12 3
2
=
=
8 2
6 3
= =
4 2

.
-
238.
.
18
=
= 2
. .
o
6 3

= =
4 2
2
.
5
40 cm .
1 , 2 , . ,

=
2
2
= 5 = 2
=
=
=
= .
5
5
2
2
2
2
. = , = , = A .
5
5
5
5
2
2
2
2
+ + +
1 + + + 5
5
5
5
=
=
=
2 + + +
+ + +
2
( + + + ) 2
5
= .
+ + +
5

1 2
2
=
1 = 51 = 80 1 = 16 cm .
40 5
2 5
8 - 8cm, 3cm . .
= A
,
=
, ...,
A
E
= = = = = = =

= = = = = = =
239.
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

8- .
, (. ),
8
8
= . = .
3
3
/ :
+
= 180 . .
= 180
+
/

+
= 180 . + = + =

( ).
=
+
= 180
+
+

=
=

+
= 180
. /
=

=
=

. .
-
240.
. ,
, / :
, .
=
=
( /) EOZ
)
(
+ = 180
1
=
.
+ =
+

1
1
= 180
+
.
=

// , , : = =

// , , : = =

,
=
=
=

, .
A B ,
.
=
( )
E A B :
= ( )

.
=
=

A B ,
.
=
( )
E :
=
= 900
A

.
=
=

-
241.
= 90 . :

. , .
. , .
. ,

.
=
( )

. E :
=
= 900 , = = .
A
1

=B
( )
B
. E :
=
2 = 900 , B = = .
A

= 90
. :
(1)
=

1
= 90
:
E :
i 1 = 2 = 900
( (1)) , = = .
=
i
1

15 m. 1,85m 1,5m. 18,5 m. ;
,
= ( )
= ( ' ) . O
.

=
=

15
x
=
,
1,5 1,85
1,5x = 15 1,85
1,5x = 27, 75
x = 18,5 .
-
B 1,5 E
242.
, . ,
:
=
( )
i

=
=

0

i = = 90
, , . = .
:
=
= 900
= ( / )

=
=

= .
=

243.
1. .
:
. = 20cm , = 5cm , = 8cm , = 2cm
. = 24cm , = 100cm , = 12cm , = 40cm
2. / , . ,
( ) :
. = 4cm , = 8cm , = 16cm , = 32cm
=
= 68
. = 6cm , = 5cm , = 12cm , = 10cm
=
= 105
3.
( // , // ,
=
=
=
= 90 ) . 2
= 4 cm , = 6cm , = 12cm :
.
.
4. / , , , ,
, , , / .
5. , 50
.
6. 12 cm 20 cm
. .
244.
7. ,
4
. 7
60 cm .
8.
1
.
4
225 cm 2 . .
9.
E
.
10. , , , , .
,
. ;
11.

3
, . ,
4
, .
,

= 4cm ;
12.
= 90
A B
) .
, , . :
. , A B
. ,

.
245.
13. x :
.
14. .
.
.
y
A
x, y, z
15.
= 90
A B
) . ,
, .
. , A B
. =
16. ,
= .
246.
17. (0,) , (
). :
. ,
. =
18.
= 90
A B
) .
2
2 = = .
19. , .
: = .
20. / .
. = .
21. (//) :
. =
. =
247.
1
. ;
. ;
2
. ;
. ; ( ).
1
.
9cm ( ).
2
, . AB = 4cm , B = 3cm
3
.
10
40
40
1
.
2
19
;
.

;
.
1 , 2 :
E1
= 2 .
E2

;

.
V1 , V2 :
V1
= 3 .
V2
250.
1
.
2
36cm 2 . .
E1 , E 2 , :
E1
= 2
2
1
1
E2
1 1
= 1 = 1 = 41 = 36 1 = 9 cm 2
2 4 36 4
1 2 2
=
2
, , , , .
, .
, , , : =
( 2 ) , =
2
2
(1), (2), (3) :
=
(1) ,
(3 ) .

=
=
= 2 = 2

= 2 E
E
E
= 22 = 4
E
E
=2
= 90 = 1cm , A = 3cm .
.
.
-
251.
= 10

= 10 2 = 10 = 10 (1).

: 2 = 2 + 2 2 = 12 + 32 2 = 10
= 10 (2).
= ( (1), (2))
= 10 = 10 10 = 10cm
10

2
. .
3
V1
= 3
3
V
8
V2
V1 2
8
= 1 =
27V1 = 8V2 V1 =
V2
V
27
V
3
2

27
2
2
=
3
5cm , 10cm .
V1 = 320 cm 3 .
V1 1
V1 1
=
= V2 = 8V1 V2 = 8 320 V2 = 2560 cm 3

1
5 1 V2 2
V2 8
=
=
=
2 10 2
V1
= 3
V2
25
. .
16
:
E1 25
=
E 2 16 2 25
5
=
=
E1
16
4
= 2
E2
-
252.
V1
V 5
V 125
= 3 1 = 1 =
V2
V2 4
V2
64
20% .
% :
.
.
, = + 0, 2 = 1, 2
.
= 1, 2 . = 1, 2
2
= (1, 2 ) 1 = 1, 44 1 = 1, 44 2
2
2
. 1 = 2 + 0, 44 2 . 1 44% 2 .
V1
V
3
= (1, 2 ) 1 = 1, 728 V1 = 1, 728 V2 V1 = V2 + 0, 728 V2
V2
V2
. V2 V1 72,8%
8 .
27
2
100 cm .
V1 V2 :
V1
8
=
3
V2 27 3 8
2
2
3
=
=
=
V1
27
3
3

= 3
V2
: 1
= 2
2
1 4 100 4
2
1 2
=
=
=
9
2 9
2

2
2
=
3
4 2 = 900 2 =
900
2 = 225cm 2
4
-
1.
253.
= 8cm = 12 cm .
x,y .
x, y.
2.
49

25
7 cm. .
3. . 30%
4.
(//) .
AB = 6cm = 12cm ,
5.
400 cm 2 .
.

. 2700 cm 3 .
V = 1 3 .
3
O
K
P
= 12 cm
6.
8 cm
254.
7. O
64
.
27
8.
8 cm .
125 .
9.
4
.
5
2350 cm 3 .
255.
1
;
2
;
1
. 20%
.
2
100 cm 2 . .
3
O 3 .
4
.
20

21

20
B =
, ,

, ,
.
=
260.
,
, , .

.
M (x,y)
M (x,y)
xOy
(x, y). x
;
0 360. = .
:
y
O
90.
.
: 35 55
35 + 55 = 90 40 50
40 + 50 = 90 .
xOy,
(x, y)
x, , .
M (x,y)
;
35 55, 28 68, 40 50 ;
x
M (x,y)
90
270 ).
(
261.
;
: = 2,3;
= > x > y
:
1 1
1 1
2,3 2,3 > 1.

,

. :
M (x,y)
1 x > 0 y > 0
x > 0, y > 0
M (x,y)
=
x
y
x
y
< 0 , = < 0 = > 0 .
4 x > 0 y < 0
x < 0, y < 0
y
y
x
y
> 0 , = < 0 = < 0 .
3 x < 0 y < 0
y
y
x
> 0 , = > 0 = > 0 .
x
2 x < 0 y > 0
x < 0, y > 0
M (x,y)
;
= O

: 280, 35, 87 300.
y
x
y
< 0 , = > 0 = < 0 .
x
M (x,y)
x > 0, y < 0
-
262.
. .
280 < 0 , 35 > 0 , 87 > 0 , 300 , > 0

0, 90, 180, 270

0, 90, 180, 270.
= 0o :

0 =
y 0
x x
y 0
= = 0 , 0 = = = 1 , 0 = = = 0
x x
x

= 90o :

y
M (0,y)

x
O
90 =
y y
x 0
= = 1 , 90 = = = 0
y
y
90 =
y
, x = 0 .
x
x=0,y>0,= y
= 180o :

y
M (-x,0)
O
180 =
y 0
x x
= 1
= = 0 , 180 = =
180 =
y
0
=
=0
x x
x<0,y=0,=x

= 270o :
270 =
O
x
M (0,-y)
x=0,y<0,=y
y y
x 0
=
= 1 , 270 = = = 0
y
y
270 =
y
x = 0 .
x
263.
;
: 120 60, 30
130 70 110 ;

180 . .
, :
120 60 120o + 60o = 180o
70 110 70o + 110o = 180o

;
,
180 :
o
y
M(x, y)
M(x, y)
(180 ) =
y
=
x
x
= =
(180 ) =
y
y
= =
(180 ) =
x
x
.
3
120 = (180 60) = 60 =
0,87
..
2
264.
1.
:
2. :
(90 ) = (90 ) = .
0 = (x,y), :
3. =
=
x
y
y
, = , = (. )
4.
:
(180 - ) =
(180 - ) = -
(180 - ) = -
5. : 1 1 1 1 .
y
M(x, y)
M(x, y)
265.
:
.
4cm
3cm
5cm
Z
9cm
15cm
12cm
. :
=
4cm
=
=
= 0,8
5cm
3cm
=
=
= 0, 6
5cm

4cm
=
=
= 1,33
3cm
:
=
3cm
4cm
3cm
=
= 0, 6 , =
=
= 0,8 , =
=
= 0, 75
5cm
5cm
4cm
. . :
=
9cm
12cm
9cm
=
= 0, 6 , =
=
= 0,8 , =
=
= 0, 75
15cm
15cm
12cm
12cm
9cm
12cm
=
= 0,8 , =
=
= 0, 6 , =
1,33
=
15cm
15cm
9cm
266.
: = (90 ) = = 0, 6
= (90 ) = = 0,8
:
.
4cm
5cm
8cm
2cm
. ,
. :
=
4cm
=
= 0,5 . 8cm
() 0,5 30.
= 30o .
180.
A + + = 180 , 90 + 30 + = 180 = 180 120 = 60 .
.
. : =
2cm
=
= 0, 4 .
5cm
0,4 66 . = 66o + + = 180o
90 + 66 + = 180 , = 180o 156 = 24 .

:
, .
.
267.
x y :
.
60
30o
Z
o
5cm
2cm
.
.
x. : =
, 30 = 2cm .
x
30 = 0,5 . 0,5 =
2cm
2cm
, x =
= 4cm .
x
0,5
. ) :
5cm
, 60 =
.
60 = 0,5 . 0,5 =
5cm
5cm
y =
= 10cm .
0,5
y
2x ( 90 x ) = x , x.
(90 x ) = x . :
2x (90 x ) = 2x x = x .
268.
x
55o
B
1,1m
= 55 :
55 =
x
x
, 0,819 =
. x = 0,819 10m = 81,9 m .
10m
10m
1,1 m. 81,9m + 1,1m = 83m .

: 180 360 90 270 .
: 90 = +1 , 180 = 1 , 270 = 1 , 360 = 1 .

: 180 360 90 270 = ( 1) ( +1) ( +1) ( 1) = +1
.
. = 2x + 1
. B = 2x + x
. 1 x 1
2:
2 ( 1) 2x 2 1
2 2x 2
1
2 + 1 < 2x + 1 2 + 1
1 2x + 1 3
1 +3 .
. 1 x 1
2 ( 1) 2x 2 1
2 2x 2 1 x 1
:
2 + ( 1) 2x + x 2 + 1
3 2x + x 3
3 +3 .
-
269.
:
. 120 , 120 , 120
. 70
, 70 , 70
. 120 2
.
.
. 70
. 70 > 0 , 70 > 0 , 70 > 0 .
130.
130.

K ( 3, 21, 3,83 )
K = 5 , :
y
3,83
130 =
=
= 0, 766
O
5
130 =
130 =
-3,21
x
3, 215
=
= 0, 643
O
5
y
3,83
130o
O
y 3,83
=
1,19
x 3, 21
90o x 180o 3x = 0, 9 x.
3x = 0,9 . x =
0,9
= 0,3 .
3
o
o
o
x = 0,3 18 (180 18 ) = 162 . 90o x 180o
x = 162 .
270.
0o x 270 x + 0, 8 = 0, 3 x.
x + 0,8 = 0, 3 . x = 0,3 0,8 = 0, 5 .

x = 0, 5 60 .
120o
0,5 :
180 60 = 120
180 + 60 = 240
60
-0,5
240
271.
1. .
2.
, , ,
, .
B
A
60o
H 1m E
40o
8m
10m
30o
50o
2m
3. .
A
4km
60o
272.
4. x .
.
5. .
0,8m
60o
2m
o
40
6. :
. x (90 x ) = 0
. x + 2 (90 x ) = 3x
. 2x + 3 (90 x ) = 5x
7.
xOy
:
. 200
. 310
. 140
. 80
8. :
. 360 270 180 90 180
. ( 180 1) ( 270 1)
. (1 + 90 ) (1 + 0 )
. 2003 + (1 + 180 )
9. :
. = 2x + 3
. B = 4x 1
. = 3x + 2x
. = 4x 3x . = 2x 8x
273.
10. :
. 130
. 160
. 170
. 140
. 150
. 145
. 110
. 178
11.
0 x 180o 2x = 0,16 x.
12.
0 x 180o 3x = 0,12 x.
13.
0 x 180o 4x + 0,12 = 0 x.
14.
0 x 180o 3x = 0, 21 x.
15.
2
0 x 180o x = 0, 25 x.
16.
0 x 180o 2x = 20 x.
17.
0 x 180o x = 1 x.
18.

,
.
30cm
19. :
= 2110 + 3120 4130
B = 10 60 10120 + 360
= 4163 + 4158 2136
= 3113 4168 + 3113
20. .
21
1. =
, 0 , . 90 270.
2. 2 + 2 = 1
;
,
.
:
=
=

;
:
2 = 2 + 2 2
2 = 2 + 2 2
2 = 2 + 2 2
276.
1. , :
=
2.
2 + 2 = 1 .
=
=
( ).

3. :
2 = 2 + 2 2
2 = 2 + 2 2
2 = 2 + 2 2
( ).
- -
277.
x : x = x .
x =
x
x
x
= x
= x
: x : x = x :
x
x
x
x 0 x 90o x 3x = 0 .
x 3x = 0 x = 3x
x
x
= x . x = 3 .
= 3 .
x
x
x = 3
72. x = 72o .
2 1200 + 2 60 = 1 .
60 = (180 60 ) = 120 .
2 1200 + 2 60 = 2 1200 + 2 120 = 1 , 2 x + 2 x = 1
x.
5 2 + 5 2 = 5 .
: 5 2 + 5 2 =
: 5 ( 2 + 2 ) = 5 1 = 5
- -
278.
= 3x = 3x :
( + )
= 9 ( 2x x + 1 )
( + )
= (3x + 3x ) = (3x ) + 2 3x 3x + (3x ) =

2
= 9 2 x + 18x x + 9 2 x = 9 ( 2 x + 2 x ) + 18x x =
= 9 + 18x x = 9 (1 + 2x x ) = 9 ( 2x x + 1)
= 0, 5 90 180
.
2 + 2 = 1 :
(0, 5 )
1
+ = 1 + 2 = 1
2
2 =
1
+ 2 = 1
4
2 = 1
1
4
3
3
3
. = +
=
.
4
4
4
90 180
: =
0,5
0,87 . =
=
= 0,57 .
4
0,87
x .
x
10 cm
x
10 cm
=
=
20
30

10cm
:
20 = 0,342
30 = 0,5 .
x
x
10 cm
= 20 cm . =
0,342
0,342
0,5
20
30o
x = 20cm 0,342 = 6,84cm .
- -
279.
12 cm 10 cm
=
80
A
12cm
10 cm
12 cm 10 cm
=
12,18cm =
0,985
=
10 cm
= 0,821 . 55 .
12,18cm
80o
10 cm
, + + 80 = 180 = 180 (55 + 80 ) = 45

x.
,
:
x 2 = 2 + 2 2 70
x 2 = ( 4 cm ) + (14 cm ) 2 4 cm 14 cm 0,342
2
x 2 = 16 cm 2 + 196 cm 2 38,3cm 2
x 2 = 173, 7 cm 2 .
4cm
B
70o
14
x = 173, 7 cm 2 13,18cm
.
, : 2 = 2 + 2 2
6cm
36 cm 2 = 144 cm 2 + 64 cm 2 192 cm 2
8cm
36 cm 2 = 208 cm 2 192 cm 2
36 cm 208 cm = 192 cm
2
172 cm 2 = 192 =
12cm
172 cm 2
= 0,895
192 cm 2
27
- -
280.
1. :
2
1
. x x = x
1
. x x = x
. 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x = x
2. x :
. 2x = 3x
. 4x 8x = 0
. 10x 4x = 0
. 2x x = 3x 5x
3. :
= 2 x 2 x 2 x
= ( x + x ) 2 2 x x
2
2 x 2 x
2 x
= x 2 x x 3 x x
4. :
. 2 100 + 2 80 = 1
. 2 50 + 2 130 = 1
. 2 133 + 2 47 = 1
. 2 178 + 2 2 = 1
5.
90 x 180o :
. x =
2
6
. x =
5
20
6. x,
, 180 x 270o :
- -
281.
. x = 0,8
. x = 6
7. x,
, 270 x 360o :
. x = 0, 6
. x = 0,86
8. :
. ( x ) + ( x ) = 2
2
2
( + ) , 2x 2 = 1
2
. 2 x + 2 x =
. 18 2 + 18 2 = 18
9. :
=
10.
2 2 x + 2 2 x
2
4 x 4 x
x + x
1
2
2
x = 4 y = 4 : x + y + 16x y = 16 (1 + )
11. :
.
12. = 60 , = 40
= 12 .
- -
282.
13. :
.
14. = 2 .
15.

. .
16.
1 // 2 .
- -
283.
17. x.
18. :
. = 40cm , = 50 cm = 60cm
= 60 , = 10 cm = 20cm
.
19.
24cm = 8 cm , = 6 cm .
.
20. 120 = 10 cm ,
= 6 cm .
- -
22

22

, ; .
x + y =

x + y =
( )
, ,
, x, y ,
.
2x + 5 = 1
:
6x + 2 = 1
;

(x, y)
.
; .

(x, y)
.
, :
2x + = 5
3x + 2 = 8
(2, 1) , x = 2 , y = 1 .
288.
;
.
;
.
,
( ).
:
.
( ) , .
. ( )

.
.
( )
.
.
1
:
x + = 1
2x + = 2
(2)
y
(1)
2
x
(1)
(2 )
( 1 ) ,
1
1
y
(2 )
(1) (2).
(1, 0),
x = 1 , = 0 .
: 1 + 0 = 1 2 1 + 0 = 2 .
289.
2

2x + = 1
6x + 3 = 6
. .
y
2
x
1
0
y
= 2x + 1 3 = 6x + 6 = 2x + 2 .
x.
y = 2x
yy .

;
1. .
2. .
;
x + 2y = 5

3x + 5y = 13
x + 2y = 5
x = 5 2y

3x + 5y = 13 3 (5 2y ) + 5y = 13
[

x]
x
2 ]
290.
x = 5 2y
x = 5 2y
x = 5 2 2

15 6y + 5y = 13
y = 13 15
y = 2
x = 1
. (1, 2).
y = 2
;

2x + 5y = 7
3x + 8y = 13

, .
2x + 5y = 7 1 3
6x + 15y = 21
2 2
+
=
3x
8y
13
6x 16y = 26
: y = 5 y = 5.
y = 5
( )
:
2x + 5 5 = 7 2x = 18 x = 9
( 9,5 ) .

...
.

.
291.
,
;
x -1 y - 2 1
+
=
3
6
2
x + y = 2

( ) .

.
2
x 1 y 2 1
x 1
y2 3 1
+
= 6
+6
= 6
3
6
2
2
3
6
2 ( x 1) + y 2 = 3 2x 2 + y 2 = 3 2x + y = 7
2x + y = 7 (1)

x + y = 2 ( 2 )
((1) (2)) , : x = 5
:
5 + y = 2 y = 3.
2 ,
; ()
, .
,
2 1;
x 2 + y = 10
2
2 ,
2x - y = 5
292.
. .
2x y = 5 y = 2x 5
:
x 2 + 2x 5 = 10 x 2 + 2x 15 = 0 .
= 4 + 60 = 64 > 0 :
x1,2 =
2 8
2
< xx == 35
1
x = 5 (2) y = 15.
x = 3 (2) y = 1.
( 5, 15 ) , (3,1) .
1. x
(x, )
.
2.
x + y =
x + y =
3. ,
( )
.
4.
x + = 2
.. x + = 1
5. ,
x + = 5
..
2x + 2 = 10
6.
.
-
293.
x + = 2
:
x =
(1 )
( 2 )
(1)
2
x
(2)
A(1,1)
( 1 ) ( 2 )
x
(1, 1). (1, 1)

. :
1 + 1 = 2 1 = 1.
;
x + = 2
3x + 3 = 5
( 1 )
x - = 1
2x - 2 = 2
2x + 5 = 7
y = x
( 3 )
( 4 )
4x + 10 = 14
y = x + 2
( 2 )
( 1 ) ( 4 ) . ( 2 ) ( 3 )
.
x
. x + =
3
2x - = 1
. 2x + = 7
x - = -4
. : 3x =
x
+ 1 9x = x + 3 8x = 3 x = 3/8.
3
294.
3
1
2x - y = 1, : 2 - y = 1 y =
4
8
(3 / 8, 1/ 4 ) .
. 2x + = 7 2x + = 7 3x = 3
x = 1
x = 1
x = 4 x = 4 x = 4 = x + 4 = 5
(1, 5).
3x 2 - 2y x = 1
:
y = x
3x 2 2y x = 1
3x 2 2x x = 1

y = x
y = x
3x 2 2x 2 = 1 x 2 = 1 x = 1 x = 1

= x
= x
= x
x = 1 = 1 x = 1 = 1 .
(1, 1) ( 1,1) .
7cm
6cm2 . .
x :
x + = 7
x = 7 x = 7
x = 7

x
2
x
=
12
( 7 ) = 12
2 = 6
7 = 12
(2 )
(1)
(1). 2 + 7 12 = 0 = 1 , = 7 ,
= 12 , :
1,2
7 1
=
=
=
2
2
<
6
=3
2
8
2 =
=4
2
1 =
= 3 (2) x = 4 = 4 (2)
x = 3.
295.
A (1, 3 ) B ( 2, -1) . .
= x + () .
.
x = 1 = 3
3 = +
x = 2 = 1 1 = 2 +
+ = 3

. = 4
2 + = 1
= 7 . () = 4x + 7 .
3cm 2 , 25cm 2 . .
, :
x
(5 ) = 6
x = 6
2 =3

x + = 5
x = 5
( x + )2 = 25
2
5 2 = 6 + 5 6 = 0 (1)
(2)
x = 5
x = 5
(1) = 25 24 = 1 > 0 , :
1,2 =
5 1 1 = 3
=
2
2 = 2
= 3 (2) x = 5 3 = 2
= 2 (2) x = 5 2 = 3
(x, ) = (2, 3) (x, ) = (3, 2).
296.
2.
18. .
x
x = 2
x = 2
=2

2
2 = 18
2 = 18
x = 18
x = 2
x = 6

2
= 3 = 3
= 9
= 3 , > 0 .
3.
2 4,
. .
x .
( x 10 + )
x + 2 + 4
( ( x + 2 ) 10 + + 4 )
:
x + = 3 (1) ( x + 2 ) 10 + + 4 = 3 ( x 10 + ) (2)
(2) :
10x + 20 + + 4 = 30x + 3 24 = 20x + 2 12 = 10x +
(3 )
(1), (3).
x + = 3
x + = 3
x = 1

10x + = 12
10x = 12
= 2 . 12.
1, 2 .
5cm , 15cm 2 .
1, 2 . (1 > 2 ) .
:
1 + 2 = 5
1 + 2 = 5
1 + 2 = 5
1 + 2 = 5

2
2
2
2
1 2 = 15
(1 2 ) = 15
(1 + 2 ) (1 2 ) = 15 5 (1 2 ) = 15
-
297.
5 + 3/
5 + 3/
1 + 2 = 5
1 + 2 = 5
1 + 2 = 5
=
1 =
1
2

2
15
3
3
2
5
=
=
+
1
2
1
2
1
2 = 5 1
= 5 5 + 3 /
5
2
2
5 + 3/
5 + 3/
1 =
1 =
2
2

10
5
3
/
5
3/
=
=
2
2
2
2
x + ( x + ) = 11
:
x + = 5
x + ( x + ) = 11
x + 5 = 11
x = 6

x
+
=
5
x
+
=
5
x = 5
(5 ) = 6
x = 5
2 + 5 6 = 0
= 2 = 3

x = 5
x = 5
(x , ) = (3, 2) (x , ) = (2, 3)
298.
1. :
4x y 1
= 1
+
. 5
3
x = y
2x + y = 7
.
5x y = 12
2x + y = 5
.
2y + x = 7
x +1 y 2
+
=
6
. 3
x 1 + y = 1
4
3 3
1
2
2. :
x 2 + y = 1
.
x y = 0
x 2 + y 2 = 34
.
x + y = 8
3. :
1 1 5
+ =
. x y 6
x y = 6
1 1 1
x + y = 2
2
3
1
+ =
x y 5
4. 4
10.
5.
A (1, 2 )
B ( 0, 3 ) .
299.
6. 5cm 6 cm 2 .
7.
7,

, .
8.
A (1, 2 ) .
9.
30 cm 2 11.
.
10. . 20
56. .
11. . 5 .
60 . .
300.
() .
.
(), .
II

;
y
x + y x + y
, , , 0 0
x y
II

I.

I.

.
. x + y = .
. , (0, 0)
.

(0, 0)
.

.
.
, .
, x + y = (0, 0),

, (0, 0).
301.
: x + y > x + y <
.
.
;
. .
;

x + y , x, y , .
302.
3x + y 2 .
3x + y = 2 y = 3x + 2 () .
()
2
x
0
-1
() (0, 0)
.
x = 0 , y = 0 3 0 + 0 = 0 2 ,
(0, 0)
. .
: ()
< .
x + y 2
:
y x
( A1 )
(A2 )
(1)
2
x + y = 2 y = x + 2 ( 1 ) y = x ( 2 )
(2)
2
y
303.
(2 )
( 1 )
(0, 2) (2, 0)
(0, 0) (2, 2)
(0, 0), x = 0
(0, 2) x = 0
y = 0 -
y = 2 ( A 2 )
( A1 )
.
.
.
(1 ) : x + y = 2
(1)
2
0
x = 0 , y = 0 (
(0, 0)) : 0 + 0 2 0 2 ().

2
(0, 0)
, (0, 0) . (0, 0)
x + y 2 .
304.
12.
7.
;
13. :
. x y 2
. 2x + 3y > 7
. x 7
. x + 2y 5
. x < 3
. y > 7
14. :
x > 2
. y < 1
x + y > 4
2x + y 7
.
x y < 3
x y
.
x + y 4
x y
.
x + y 2
15. ; ()
y
y=
16. .
(1)
(1 ) : y = 3x + 2
(2 ) : y = x
(2)
2
1
x
-1
y
305.
1
2 2 . , ;
2x + y = 5
.
4x + 3y = 13
2
. x + y = 0
x + y = 5
2
,
.
2x + y = 3
. 4
2
3 x + 3 y = 2
x2 + y = 0
.
2
x y = 500
1
2 1
x + y =1
:
4 5 = 3
x y
2
x, y :
(x + y + 2) + (x y )
2
=0
3
x, y , 3 5 .
16 2 0.
x, y.
-
23
23
;
, , , ,
.
;
; ;
AB ;
, , ,
, .
1, 2, 3

AB .
, .

.

AB , .

AB :
i. ,
.

,

,
ii. ,
.
iii. ,
AB .
310.

; .

, .

A, B AB, ,

BA,
; ;
,
, .

.
: , : .
1.
.
2.
,
.
3. , .
4. ,
.
5.
.
6.
.
7. .
- - -
311.
. :
. ,
.

. AB = //, =

. AB , B , ,
.

.

, .

, .
xy (4,2) (1,3).

= .
3
A
2
1
-1 O
- - -
312.
.
:

i. .

ii. .

iii. AB .

iv. B .

i. B , .

iii. .

ii. .

iv. .
. ;
. ;

. , .

. , .
- - -
313.
1. .
2. ;
3.
()
() .
i. .
ii. .
iii. .
iv. .
4.

AB ;
- - -
314.
;

.
B
A
x

4, 2 4, 1
x
, x y
y

. :
x
xx y yy.

4 xx
2 yy.
4 xx 1
yy ,
1 1.

3
3
OA = = .
0
3
x
= ;
y
0
4
= = ;
3
4
- - -
315.
;
;
x
=
y

= = x 2 + y 2

, :
= x 2 + y2

2

2
= 42 + 32 = 25 = 5 , = 0 + ( 4 ) = 16 = 4
0
, = .
0

, 0 .
x2
x1
= =
y1
y2
{x1 = x 2
y1 = y 2 }
x2
x1
= =
y1
y2
;
:
2 2
= , = ,
4
4
2
= ,
4
2
=
4
, : x2 = x1, y2 = y1.

A .

, ;
- - -
316.
1
3
= = .
5
8
;

, ,

(. ).
x
x1
x + x2
= = 2 , + = 1
.
y1
y1 + y 2
y2
:
3 1 2
+ =
=
5 + 8 13

,

0 .
0
0= .
0

;

;

x1

=
y1
x2

2
= ; =
y2
3
1
= .
0

,

.
- - -
317.

, ,

= + ( )

,
,

.
x x2
= 1
y1 y 2
2 1 2 1 1
= =
=
3 0 3 0 3

;

x
= , , R ;
y

= 0, 0 ;

= 1, 1 ;

3
= , 3 ;
8

, > 0

, < 0

.
- - -
318.
x x

= = 0 = 0 , .
y y
3 9

1 = , . 3 = 3 =
8 24
1. A = x y y

= x 2 + y2 .
2.
.
3.
, .
4.
. .
5. 0 .
6. .
7. ,
.
8.
,
.
= 1 , = 2
y1
y2
x1 + x 2
y1 + y 2
+ =
x x2
= 1
y1 y 2
x
= 1
y1
x
= 1
y1
0
0 = = 0
0
- - -
319.
xy :
3 2
2
OA = , OB = , O =
3
4
1
xy ( 1, 3 ) :
4 4 4 4
= , = , = , AE =
5
5
5
5
- - -
320.
7
x 1

=
= 2 . x, y = .

y 2
x 1 = 7
x = 7 + 1
x = 8
:

y 2 = 2
y = 2 + 2
y = 4
2 4
, R =
, =

3
+
2 6
.
= 2
= 2
2 = 4
:

3
2
6
+
=
3
2
6
+
=
+
(
)
= 1

x
= , x R . x = 5 .
3

: = x 2 + 32

=5
x2 + 9 = 5
x2 + 9
= 52
x 2 + 9 = 25 x 2 = 16 x = 4 .
. :
7
Z

2
OA = OA = 22 + 32 = 13
3
5
4
2
BH =
3

2
2
BH = ( 2) + ( 3) = 13
3
A =
4
2
1
H
-4
-3
-2 -1 O
- - -
321.

3

= 32 + 4 2 = 25 = 5 . = =
4
2

= =
3

, .
( 2 )
( 3 ) + ( 4 )
2
= 25 = 5
+ 32 = 13

+ + .

+ =

+ + = + = = 0

. + +
. + + +

. + + = + =
( )
. + + + = + = = 0

, , , ,

+ , , + , .
2 1 1 2
= , = , = , =
1
2
1
2
2 1 3
+ = + =
1 2 1
2 1 1
1 2 3
= = , + = + = ,
1 2 3
1 2 1
- - -
322.
1 2 1
= =
1 2 3

+
. : =
.
2

= +

= +
:

2 = + + +

2 = + +

2 = +

+
.
=
2

x .

x + + = x + + = +

x = +
+ =

1 2
= , = . = .
3
6
1 2 1 2 1
= =
=
3 6 3 + 6 3
1
3
= =
0
0

.
- - -
323.
3 1 3 ( 1) 4

= =
= =
0
0 0 0 0

= 4 2 + 0 2 = 4 2 = 4 .
xy ( 2, 4 ) , ( 1, 3 ) , ( 3, 8 ) .

.
4
= .
5

=
( 4 ) + ( 5 )
2
= 16 + 25 = 41 .
3
5
= =
1
2

= 2 4 .
5
3 10 12 10 12 2

= 2 4 = =
= .
2

1 4 4 4 4 0

2
= ( 2 ) + 0 2 = 4 + 0 = 2 .
1 2
= , v = .
3
1

u = ( x, y ) .

. u = + v
. u + = v
. u + 2v = 3
1 2 1 + 2 1
. u = + v = + =
=
3 1 3 1 2
- - -
324.

2 1 2 + 1 1
. u + = v u = v = + =
=
1 3 3 1 4

1
2

1 1
. u + 2v = 3 u = = [ + 2v ] = + 2 =
3
3
3
1
=
1 1 4 1 1 + 4 1 3 1
+ =
= =
3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 1/ 3

2 2
x, y R : = x + y = , = ,
1
6
3
= .
1
2
2
3
2 2x 3y
= x + y = +
6
1
1

6 x y
2x + 3 ( 6 + x ) = 2
2 2x + 3y
2x + 3y = 2
=

y = 6 + x
6 x + y
x + y = 6
2x + 18 + 3x = 2
5x = 20
x = 4

y = 6 + x
y = 6 + x
y = 6 4 = 2

2 4
= , v = . x :
3
1

. x + 3 = v
. 2 x = 3v
. 2x = x + v
4 2 4 6 4 6 10

. x = v 3 = 3 = =
=
3 1 3 3 3 ( 3 ) 6
2 4 4 12 16

. x = 2 3v = 2 3 =
=
1 3 2 9 7

1
. 2x + x = + v 3x = + v x = ( + v )
3
1 2 4 1 2 2 3
x = + = =
3 1 3 3 2 2 3
- - -
325.
5. x, y R
1
2x 3
=
= .
y 1
4
6. x, y R
2x 3
x 1
=
=

2y
y + 2
7. :
2
. =
0
3
. =
4
1/ 2
. =
3 / 2
8. (10, 1) ( 2, 7 ) .

.
1 1 2
, = 4 , = 1 . :

2

. v = 3 2 + 4
. = 2 + 3
. = + 2
9. =
10. ( 2, 5 ) AB = 8 . .

11.

2
1

OA = OB = . : AB OM ,
3
2
12. , :

: K = K = ...
1
K = .
2
- - -
326.
1
= = = .
3

1 1
: y = 2 + , x = + 2 .
3
3

: x = + B = ... y = + = ...
13.
14. =
x

. x = 10 .
6

15.
2
6
x 5x
=
= . x
2
2
3x + x

=.
16.
2

x 2x
= 2
. x R = 0 .
x 3x + 2
17.
.

x , y , .
.
1 1
2

, = = 6 . = .

3
3

= .
18. =
19.

x
- - -
327.
20. x xx y yy :
10

5x + 3y = , =
9
21.
1
0

i = j = 2 3 = i j
0
1

= 3i + 4 j . 2 3 .
3
= . ,
8
2
3

: + = .
22. = 2 , = 1
23.
:

. + + = ...

. + + ... =

. + ... = + ...
24. ( 1, 2 ) ( 2, 3) .
.
- - -
328.
1
x
= ;
y
;
;
2
;
;
;
1
, , . :

+ + = 0 .
2
3 2 1
= , = , = .
2
1
0

u = 2 + 3 .
3
2

x 7x + 12
= 2
. x // xx 0 .
x 4x
- - -
10
24
-
24
; ;
( 360)
.
.
.
.

= 4 2

V=
4
3
3
;

.
;

,
332.
.
.
;
.
.
;

.
,
.
;

.
, (
) .
;

,
. Greenwich ( ) .
.
;
333.
(N)
(W)
A
(E)
K
(S)
24

24

38
38.

.

-
(Greenwich) . AOK
( ) .

AK
0 180. 0.
()

(W) . . TOK
0 90.
,
() (S).
;

.
334.
D = 10cm . ( = 3,14 ).
R = 5cm . E = 4 R 2
E = 4 3,14 25 = 314 cm 2 V =
4
4
R 3 = 3,14 53 = 523,3cm 3 .
3
3
( m 3 ) ( m 2 ). .
V = 4 R 3
3
E = 4 R 2 . V = 2E
4
R 3 = 3 4 R 2 , R = 9 (R ).
3
18m.
R = 5cm .
OK = 3 .
.
= 90o ). OKA ( K
:
AK 2 = OA 2 OK 2
AK 2 = 52 32
AK 2 = 25 9
AK = 4cm
K
O
335.
. L = 2
L = 25,12 cm E = ( ) = 3,14 16 cm 2 =
2
= 50, 24 cm 2
R ,
= 8cm . OK = 6cm .
.
= 90o ). ( K
:
OA 2 = OK 2 + AK 2
OA 2 = 36 cm 2 + 64 cm 2
OA = 100 cm OA = 10cm . 2
E = 4 3,14 100 cm 2 = 1256 cm 2 .

. 3cm
50,24cm2. .
E = 2 .
50, 24 = 3,14 2 2 =
50, 24
3,14
2 = 16 = 4 cm .
: OA 2 = OK 2 + AK 2
OA 2 = 32 + 4 2 OA 2 = 25 cm 2 OA = 5 cm .
R .
E = 4 R 2 = 4 3,14 52 cm 2 .
E = 314 cm 2 .
.
4m.
1,5 .
R = 2m
2
2
E = 4 R 2 . E = 4 3,14 4m = 50, 24 m . -
50, 24 1,5 = 75,36 .

-
336.
1.
D = 8cm . -
2. ( m3 )
( m 2 ). .
3.
R = 4cm .
OK = 2 .
.
4. R ,
= 10cm . OK = 15cm .
.
5.
. 3cm
140 cm2. .
6. .
10m.
2 .
337.
1
;
2
; ;
1
R = 4cm .
OK = 1cm . .
2
R ,
= 3cm . OK = 9 cm .
.
3

. 2cm
64 cm2. .
339.
341.
6. . 4, . 4. ( + ) = 2 + 2 + 2
2
7. . 2cm
1
:
8. . = 2 2
1. . , . , . , . , . , . , . , .
2. . 1 , . 2 , . 3 , . 4
9. 2 < 0 <
<1
2
4. . 1, 1, 4, 8, 1, 1
10. . < , . > , . > , . <
5. . 0, . 216 , . 1
11. . , . , . -
6 2
1 23
, .
6. . 5
5 6
12. 3, 25 < < 3,38

7. . 192 , .
13. . x >
8. . x = 4 / 3 , . x = 1/ 5 , . x = 125 ,
14. 22 < x < 17 / 3
20
, . x > 34
9
. x = 4
9. A = 14
10. 234
3
:
11. . 4,5 10 , . 7 1012

12
12. . , . , . , . , . , .
13.
14.
15.
16. 33
17. 2x y + y 2x +
0.
1. . 5 2 9 + 3 2 ,
. 3x 2 + xy 7y 2 3x 2 y + 3xy 2 ,
. 2xy + 7y + 22 , . 7x 2 + xy + y 2 , . 5x 2 y 2 ,
. 2 2 + 2 + 2 ,
2x y + + y 2x + = 0
. 6 4 + 53 + 2 2 + 3 4 ,
+ = 0 ,
. 2 9x 2 + 4x + 26x 4 20x 5 , . 4x 2 + 2x + 1 ,
18. 0
3 2
2
. 6 3
2
2
:
3
2. . 7, . 12x , 96x 4 , 84x 3 , . 43 4 ,
1. . 11 10 2 4 6 + 4 3
2. .
5. . 5, . 2 2
1 2 6
3. . 5x 2 y 2 + 4xy3 2x 4 2y 4 x = 1
3. . , . , . , .
4 3
2 5
4. .
, .
, .
3
15
45 25 ,
5 + 10
5
y = 2 86
. 2 + 2 2 + 2 + 3 = 2 =
9
8
1
2
342.
4. . 2x 5 y5 , . x 3 y7 , . 2x 6 y8 , .
2x
,
y3
5. = 6 , = 1
7. 49 + 5
4
1. . + 2 + ,
. x
2 ( x 1)
+ 6x
2y
9 2
4
,
2 +
+ 9 , .
4
9
x 1
2
2
2
2
8.
2 2
. 4 x 2 2 2 x 2 y + 4 y 2 ,
9. . 2 + 2 2 , . ( x 1) 0 ,
2
. ( 1) 0
2
. 1 2 2 1 xy 2 + 1 x 2 y 4 ,
9
3
4
.
2
2
2 + 2
, . ( 2 ) ( 3 )
2
6. 2 4
4
:
x y
1 2 2
x y , . x 2 2x 15 , . x 2 9
4
5. . 2 ( 2 + 2 ) , . 2 ( x + y ) , . 0, . ,
1
1 y3
2x 2
, . xy , .
, .
2
xy
2 x
y
2x
. 1 +
10. . AB = 6 , . A 2 + B2 = 32 ,
x 6 x 3 y3 y 6
, . 1 1 x 2 + x 4 x 6 ,
+
27 3
16 2 3
9
. A 2 B2 = 2 55
. 3 3 2 + 3 2 2 33 ,
5
:
. 33 3 2 2 32 2 33
1. . x ( x + 4 )( x 4 ) , . x 2 ( x 3)( x + 3) ,
2. . 19, . x 2 + 16x 28 ,
. 4x ( x 3)( x + 3) , . 3 ( x + 3)( x 3) ,
. 5 2 26 10 2 , . 0,
. 2 2 2 (32 2 1)
. 54x 3 111x 2 65x 16 ,
2. . ( x 4 + 4 + 4x )( x 2 + 4 4x ) ,
. 2x 3 + 4xy 2 + 2y3 , . x 3 + 10x 2 + 8x + 6 ,
. (5x 1)(5x + 1)(3x 1)(3x + 1) ,
. 4x + 9y 12xy ,
. 4 ( x 2 + 3x + 4 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3) ,
. x 4 + 5x 2 10x 4xy 2x 2 y 2
. (5x y )(5x + y )( x 3y )( x + 3y ) ,
2
2
1
3. . ( x + 1) , . , . (3x + 2y ) ,
2
2
2
1
. + , . ( 2 + 1) , . (73 + 2 ) ,
2
1
2
2
. ( x 1) , . ( 2x 1) , . x +
5
2
2
4. . + 2 + , . 40y + 25y 2 + 162 ,
1
. x + 2 + x 2 , . 4xy + 1 + 4x 2 y 2 , . 9x 2 1 ,
4
. x 3 + 3x 2 y + 3xy 2 + y3 , . x 2 3x + 2 ,
. x (7 4x ) x ( 2x + 7 )
3. . 8 ( 2 )( 2 + ) ,
2
. ( x + 5 ) ( x 4 ) ( x 6 ) ,
. (11y x )(5x 7y ) , . ( 4x + 3)(8x 9 )

4. . ( 2 2 ) ( + ) ,
2
. ( x + 1) ( 9x 2 9x + 10 ) ,
. ( x + 1 x 2 )( x + 1 + x 2 ) ,
. ( x + y + 1)(1 y ) ( x + 1) ,
. ( 2 + 3 )( 2 3 ) ,
343.
2
3
. x ( x 1) ( x + 1)
12. . x (11x 7 )(11x + 7 ) ,
5. . ( x )( x + ) , . ( ) ( 2 + 2 ) ,
2
. ( x + 2 y )( x + 2 + y ) , . ( 2 3x ) ,
(3x + y 5)(3x + y + 5) ,
. ( x + y )( x + + y ) , . ( x 2 ) ( x 2 + ) ,
. (3x + 2y 9xy )(3x + 2y + 9xy )
. ( x 2 11) , . ( x y )( x + y + 2 )
2
2
6. . 4x ( y x ) , . ( 2 + 3x ) ( 9x 2 + 15x 5 ) ,
. ( x 3)2 ( x 2 + 5x 4 ) ,
13. . ( )( + ) ,
. ( y x + 1)( y x 1) , . ( )( 1) ,
. ( + x + z )( + + x z ) ,
. ( x 2 + x 2 )( x 2 + x 12 ) , . 5 ( xy 1) ,
2
. ( 1)2 ( + 1)2 ,
. ( + )(x + y )
. ( + )( )( + )( + + ) ,
7. . 8 ( x 2 )( x + 2 ) ,
. ( x 2 + 3y 2 xy )( x 2 + 3y 2 + xy ) ,
. ( 4 3x + 2y )( 4 + 3x 2y ) .
. ( 2 2 2 3 )( 2 2 2 + 3 ) ,
. ( x + y ) ( x + y 1)( x + y + 1) ,
2
. ( x 2 + 4 2x )( x 2 + 4 + 2x ) ,
. ( x 1)( x 2 )( x + 2 ) , . ( x + y ) x
. ( 2 + 2 2 2 )( 2 + 2 2 + 2 )
. ( )( + + 1)
2
2
14. . ( x 1)( x 2 ) , . 2 ( x 1) , . (3x + 2 ) ,
8. . ( x y )( x + y ) ( x 2 + y 2 + xy ) ,
. ( x 6 ) ( x 1) , . ( x + 1) ( x + 5 ) ,
. ( x )( x + ) ( y + )( y ) ,
. 3 ( x 2 ) ( x 5 ) , . 2 ( x 1) x + ,
2
. ( 2 + 2 )( 2 + 4 ) , . ( x + y )(3x + y ) ,
2
. ( x + 2 ) ( x 3) ( x 1) ,
5
2
. 3 ( x 1) x + , . 2 ( x 1) x +
2
. ( x 1)( x + 1) ( x 2 + 1) ( x + 2 ) ( x 2 + 2x + 4 ) ,
. ( 1) ( 2 + ) , . (x + )(x + )
2
2
9. . ( x 2 ) ( 4x + 6 ) , . ( x + 4 ) ( x 3) ,
6
:
. (11x 18 ) ( x + 12 ) , . ( 2x 4 ) (14x 9 ) ,
1. . x 1 , . x 7 , . x = 3 , . x 3 ,
2
. ( x 5 ) ( 4x 1) , . ( + 3) ( 4 )( 2 ) ,
. x 5
. (8x 6y )( 2y 2x ) , . ( 2x + 5 ) ( x 2 )
2. .
10. . (x + y )(x + y + + ) ,
1
. ( x 2y 1) , . ( x ) ( x ) , . 3 +
3
11. . ( x 4 )( 4x + 1) , . ( x + 2 ) ( 2x 15 ) ,
3x y
x2
x 1
, .
, .
, .
,
x+3
3x + y
3 ( 5 )
x 8
(x
. ( x + 3) ( x + 1) (3x 11) , . ( x + 2 )( x + 1) ,
. ( x 1)( x + 1)( x + 2 ) , . ( x 1) ( x 2 4x 4 ) ,
. ( x 1)( x + 1)( x 2 ) , . ( y 1) (1 x )
x2
x2
x
x 1
, .
, .
, .
,
x 1
x 3
x4
2
3. .
2 )( x 2 1)
x ( x 12 )
x 3
2
, .
, . 1, .
x+3
x +1
( x + 1) ,
5
344.
x+4
, . x 2 x , . x ,
2 ( x + 3)
2 ( x 2 )( x + 3)
( x 3)( x + 2 )
4. .
2
yx
, .
, .
x2
xy
x ( x + 1)
6
18y
, .
x +1
16
, .
, .
x 1
( x + 1) x
5 7x
,
x
( 2 )( x + 2 )
3y
x 1
4x 2 3x + 9
, .
, .
, . 2 ,
x +1
2x + 3y
3x ( x + 1)
3
( + )
5
1. . 2, . 2 , .
. , . ,
2
7
.
2. . 1 , . 56 , . = 5 , . 4
10
11
5
116
3. . 2 , . 1, .
, . , . 25 , . 22
4
84
4
9
53
13
4. . 12 , .
, . , .
48
12
13
5. . , . , . , . , . , .
6. . , . , . , . , .
7. A = 450 , B = 51
2
5. . 5x + 1 , . ( x + 2 ) , . 5 3x ,
x 1
x+2
. ( x + xy + y
2
)( x
( 2 )( x y ) ,
2
+y
),
x ( )
2
11. . (10, 12), . ( x, 8 2x )

12. 9
= 40o , = 30
= 110o , B
15. x = 20 , A
+ ,
2 ( )
, . 2 2 , .
7 ( )
2
x 3
4x + 6
, . x 2x 4 , .
,
2
x+3
x3
x 4
3
2
. + + + 1 , .
( + 1)( 2 + 1)
3
7
:
5
2
14. 33
7
4
7. . x , . x + 2 , . 2
, . 8x ,
x (x 2)
1 x8
x
10.
13. 5cm , 7cm
( x 3)( x 2 + 5x 4 )
(x + 4)
6. .
9. 2
3
8. 14
8
:
1. . x = 0 x = 5 , . y = 0 y = 8 , . = 0
=
=
5
, . k = 0 k = 4 , . = 0
4
1
4
, . = 0 =
4
3
2. . x = 1 , . , . = 3 , . , . =
5
, . = 3
2
3. . x = 4 x = 3 , . y = 3 , . ,
. k = 3 k = 1 , . =
4. . x = 0
y=
1
, .
2
x = 5 , . y =
2 3
,
2
2 + 3
2
= 2 + 2
345.
= 2 2 , . , . 1 =
2 =
1 17
, .
2
5. . x1 =
3
,
2
1 =
37 + 1945
12
18. 8 m 7 m
19. x = 6 x + 2 = 8
1
x =0 x =8,
2
x = 2 x = 4 , . x =
1
x =1
2
5
, . x = 0 x = 2
2
7. . , . y = 16 y = 2 , . ,
. x = 3 x = 2 , . x = 1 x = 1 , .
x = 16 x = 9
y = 1 2 , . x = 2 x = 1 , . x = 2
10. <
7
4
11. = 7 = 8
12. . = 4 , . x = 1
4
, . y1 = 1 , y 2 = 2 , .
3
3
, . t = 5
7
6
, x 2 = 1 , . y = 20 , . ,
5
5
. t1 = 2 , t 2 =
, . = 2
6
4. . x = 2 , . y = 3 y = 0 ., . , .
3. . x1 =
t = 6 , . = 3 , = 1
6. . x = 5 3 3 , . y = 12 5 2 ,
. = 3
8. . x = 9 x = 4 , . , . x = 2
x = 1 , . = 3 = 1
2. . x1 = 1 , x 2 =
4
3
5. . x = 7 , . , . = 2 , . t = 1 ,
x =1
9. . x = 2 x = 1 , . y = 2 2
1. . 12, . y = 8 , . 1 = 1 , 2 =
1 = 4 , 2 =
1
x = 1 , . x = 0 x = 1 x = 1
2
x = 2 , . x = 9 x =
20. x = 2
9
:
1
6. . x = 0 x = 1 x = 3 , . x = x = 2
2
. x =
5
5
5
, . x = x =
3
3
3
17. ( 1,0,1) , (1, 2,3 ) , ( 3, 2, 1)
37 1945
2 =
12
x = 2 , . x =
14. . x =
16. ( 5, 7 ) , (5,7 )
45 90 2
45 + 90 2
2 =
,
2
4
k=
13. < 3
15. (5,6 ) , ( 5, 6 )
5
x 2 = 3 , . ,
3
. 1 =
1 + 17
2
7. . x1 = 0 , x 2 =
7
1
, . y1 = 1 ., y 2 = ,
2
3
. 1 = 2 , 2 =
8
3
8. x1 = 9 , x 2 = 3 , x 3 = 3
9. x1,2 = 1 2
10. x1 = 0 , x 2 =
10
3
346.
11. . x = 2 , . y1 = 3 , y2 = 1 , y3,4 =
1 13
2
7. y = 2, y = x , y = x
8.
4 3
12. . (3, 4 ) , ,
7 7
1
13. 1 = 2 , 2 =
2
14. 27, 54
9. (1,1) ( 1, 1)
15. 70 Km/h
13
:
10. . 1, . 1 , . x < 0
1. . x = 11,72 , = 12 , . 26%
2. . x = 4,3 , = 4
10
:
1. . -26,-11,-2,-1,0,-1,-2,-11,-26.
. (-3,-26),(-2,-11),(-1,-2),(0,1),(1,-2),
(2,-11),(3,-26).
2. . - 4,0,4 , . - 3, . , . 4 .
3. . 54,28 kg
4. . 8,10
5. . 4,5
7. . x 164,6cm , . x 165,1cm ,
. x 164,77cm
3. = - 2/5.
4. . (0,-1) . (1,0) (-1/3,0).
5. (1,0) (- 2,0).
14
:
6. , .
1. x 58,8 , = 7,134
7. -3 ,0 ,15.
2. x = 10 , = 11 , : 12, 3,87
11
:
1. 4 // 3 , 8 // 6 , 2 // 7
2. y = 5x + 23
3. y = 3x 1
4. ,
3. = 24 > = 20 ,
9,165 > 7,376

4.
5. . 16%, . 81,5%
15
:
5. = 1, = 3
1. . P ( A ) =
12
:
2. . P = 0, 2 , . q = 0,56 , . r = 0, 44
1. y = 3x
3. . =
2. y + 1 =
2
(x + 2)
5
48 12
4
1
=
, P (B ) =
, .
=
52 13
52 13
3
2 1
5
= , . r =
, . q =
14
14 7
14
4. P ( A ) =
1
2
, P (B) =
3
3
3. 3x + 2y = 7
5. 0,025
4. = 1, = 3
6. P ( A ) = 0, 4 , P ( B ) = 0,52 , P ( ) = 0,55
347.
2. = 5,77m , B = 6,712m , = 14,3m ,
= 15,588m
3. x = 4,62km
17
:
4. . x = 8,66m , . x =
12. x = 4 , x = 4 , x = 8
13. x =
5
, x = 7,5
3
5. 1,8m
8. . 0, . 4, . 4, . 2003
14. x = 5 , x = 7
15. . 10, . 5
19. . 10, . 5
16. 1
1
2
3. = 3cm
7. 105
10.
1
2
8.
15
11.
3
4
14. x = 80 , y = 4 , z =
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
x = 180o 5o = 175o
O 11
O 11
O 11
O 11
O 11
O 11
19. A = 7,05 , B = 1 , = 0,608 , = 13, 284

20. 69,8m
80
2
21
:
19
:
2. . x 57 o , . x 27 o , . x 22o , . x 76o
1. x = 16 , y = 24
5. . x = 0,86, x = 0,58 ,
3. 69%
. x = 0,966, x = 3,732
1
4.
4
5. 6400cm
1
6.
, 100
27
4 16
7. ,
3 9
8. 40 cm
. 3 7 , . 10 10
10. . 0,766, . 0,985 , . 0,5, . 2,748 ,
18. = 30 1 = 30cm
200
13. . x =
, . x = 5
13
2. 5cm
9. . 1 A 6 , . 5 B 3 , . 5 5 ,
. 0,364 , . 0,643, . 0,819 , . 0,999
18
:
2. =
8
0,643
9. 1504cm
6. . x = 0,58, x = 1, 42
. x = 0,99, x = 0,15
7. . x = 0,51, x = 0,59
. x = 0,80, x = 0,75
2
9. = , = x x
7
20
:
1. AB 6cm , A 7,6cm , = 11,6cm ,
= 22, 2cm
11. . A = 16,3, = 10,9

. = 15,04, = 10, 24
12. = 80
= 72 , = 13, 4cm
13. = 28 ,
348.

9. = 10
14. B = 5,95
15. + = 17,01km
16. AB = 5,12
17. 4,8
18. . B 56o , . 17,3
= 53o , B
= 37o , = 90 , = 32 ..
19. A
20. = 8,7
1 13 5
10. = , v = , =
6
10
11
11. B ( 7, 13 )

3/ 2
12. AB = 26 , OM =
1/ 2
15. x = 8
16. x = 2
17. x = 2
22
:
1. . x = y =
20
19
11
, . x =
, y=
, . x = 1 ,
17
7
7
y = 3 , . x = y = 1
2. . (0, 1), ( 1 , 0) , (1, 0), . (3, 5), (5, 3)

3. . (2, 3), (3, 2),
4. (1, 3), (3, 1)
5. y = 5x 3
6. (4,3)
7. 25
8. y = 2x
10. (8, 12)
9. (5, 6), (6, 5)
12. 25
13. y = 2x
15. (8, 12)
11. (9, 14)
14. (5, 6), (6, 5)

16. (9, 14)
1
x =+ ,
2

y = 2

19. = 2 10

20. x = +
18.

y = + , .
2 0
21. x = , y =
3
0

11
22. 2 3 =
2 3 = 317
14
23. = 2 , = 1

24. . , . , . ,

25. = (3, 1) , = 10
10
23
:
2.

3.
24
:
4. i. , ii. , iii. , iv.

5. E
1. E = 64 , V =
6. x = 2 , y = 5
7. ( x, y ) = , 2
3

8. . = 2 , . = 5 , . = 1

x = 3 ,
256
3
2. R = 6
3. 5 = 2 12 , E = 12
4. R = 325 , E = 1300
140
5. E = 4
+ 9
6. 628

Mathimatika G Gymnasioy Theoria Askiseis

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. (102 ) = 1023 = 106 = 1000000

2003 2003 2004

2004 2004 2003

2003 2003 2004

2004 2004 2003

4 106 102 x = 8 109

x = 2 109 (8) = 2 1017 .

x = 1010 (3) = 107 .

V = 1, 5 10 4 8, 5 105 3,5 103 mm 3

V = 1, 5 8,5 3,5 10 4 105 103 mm 3

> < 0 < .

= ( ) < 0 , < 0 > > 0 .

E = B 2 = 100 cm 2 B = 100 = 10cm .

> 3 > 3 (1) (

2 + + 4 < 4 + 8 6 < 12 < 2 .

( 2 ) . (1) (2) : 3 < <

. 2 < x < 5 . 2 : 2 + 2 < x + 2 < 5 + 2 4 < x + 2 < 7 .

. 2 < x < 5 1 < y < 4 :

2 + ( 1) < x + y < 5 + 4 1 < x + y < 9

: 1 ( 1) > 1y > 4 ( 1) 1 > y > 4 4 < y < 1 ( 2 ) .

4 4 < 2x y < 10 + 1 , 0 < 2x y < 11 .

(2x y )(5y ) = 2 (5) x y y

= 18x 3 9x 2 y + 6x 2 y 3xy 2 + 2xy 2 y3 =

2 10 0 102 0 + 2 10 02 + 2003 = 2003

= xy ( 2x 2 y ) xy ( 4xy ) xy ( 2xy 2 ) + ( 2x 2 y ) + ( 4xy ) + ( 2xy 4 ) =

= 8y3 12y 2 x 2 + 6yx 4 x 6

. (... ...)2 = 9 2 ... + 16 2

. ( ... + 3x )( ... 3x ) = 16 2 ...

. ( ... + ... ) = 8 3 + 12 2 + ... + ...

. ( ... 2 ) = 27x 3 ... + .. ...

. ( x + 2 )( x + ... ) = ... + ... + 6

. ( x + 4 )( x + 3 ) = ... + ... + ...

. (3x 2 ) = 27x 3 3 (3x ) 2 + 3 3x 2 + 23 = 27x 3 54x 2 + 18x + 8

. ( 4xy 3 )( 4xy + 3 ) = ( 4xy ) (3 ) = 16x 2 y 2 9 2 2

. ( x + y + 3)( x + y + 3) = [( x + y ) + ( 3)][x + y ( 3)] =

x = 2 2004 + 2 2004 y = 2 2004 22004

A = 21 2004 +1+ 2004 A = 2 2 = 4 .

. (5y ...) = 40y + ... + ...

. ( x + ...) = x + ... + ...

. (... + 1) = 4xy + ... + ...

. (... + ...)(3x ...) = 9x 2 1

. (... + ...) = x 3 + ... + ... + y3

. ( x 1)( x 2 ) = ... ... + ...

. xy ... (... + ...) = 1 + ...

. ( x + 3)( x 5) = ... ... + ...

. (... 3)( x + ...) = x 2 9

A = 31821 + 31821 B = 31821 31821

. ( 2x + 3) (3x 5 ) + ( 4x + 5 ) (5 3x ) = ( 2x + 3) (3x 5 ) ( 4x + 5 ) (3x 5 ) =

. 6x 2 4x 9x + 6 = 2x (3x 2 ) 3 (3x 2 ) = (3x 2 ) ( 2x 3 )

. 25 2 x 2 36 2 4 = (5x ) ( 6 2 ) = (5x 6 2 ) (5x + 6 2 )

. 9x 2 y 2 12xy + 4 = (3xy ) 2 3xy 2 + 2 2 = (3xy 2 )

. 16x 2 24xy + 9y 2 = ( 4x ) 2 4x 3y + (3y ) = ( 4x 3y )

. 9x 2 36y 2 30x + 25 = 9x 2 30x + 25 36y 2 = (3x 5 ) ( 6y ) =

13. 24cm, 2cm

x 2 + 13x = 264 , 2 = 1 , = 13 , = 264 .

= 2 4 = 132 4 1 ( 264 ) = 169 + 1056 = 1225 ,

19. 10 cm, 2 cm. .

10x 450 10 ( x 50 ) 450 = x ( x 50 ) 3

4500x 4500x + 225000 = 3x 2 150x

3x 2 + 150x + 4500x 4500x + 225000 = 0

160x 1600 = 160x x 2 + 10x

160x 1600 160x + x 10x = 0

x = 45,3Km / h x = 35,3Km / h ( x > 0 )