Calcul Planseu Compus

Example: Composite floor slab
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Example: Composite floor slab EN 1994-1-1, EN 1993-1-3, EN 1992-1-1 & EN 1993-1-1 Jonas Gozzi Bernt Johansson
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This example shows the design of a composite floor slab for both construction stage and composite stage. The composite slab is checked at both ultimate limit state and serviceability limit state. In many markets there are benefits in avoiding propped construction but in this example props are used for pedagogical reasons. The slab considered is propped, as shown below
[mm]
P
Created on Thursday, June 16, 2011 This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
P 1800 1800 1800 1800
P 1800
1800
P are temporary props during casting of the concrete Sheeting data: The characteristic values for the chosen sheeting are as follows: Yield strength Thickness Effective steel area Second moment of area of steel core Plastic bending resistance Sagging bending resistance Hogging bending resistance Resistance to support reaction Resistance to horizontal shear fyp,k = 320 N/mm ts = 0,778 mm Ap = 955 mm2/m Ip = 33,0 104 mm4/m Mpa,Rk = 5,29 kNm/m
+ M a,Rk = 3,41 kNm/m M a,Rk = 2,86 kNm/m
2
From trade literature
Rw,k = 34,0 kN/m
u,Rk = 0,306 N/mm2
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Slab data: Slab depth Slab mean depth Slab depth above sheeting Effective depth Concrete C25/30 ht = 120 mm hred = 103,5 mm hc = 75 mm dp = 101 mm fck = 25 N/mm2 Ecm = 31000 N/mm2 Sheeting geometry and slab:
[mm]
dp
ht
19
10 45
30 50o 60 150 900
27
Partial safety factors: Loads: The slab is designed for both the construction stage and the composite stage. In the construction stage, the steel sheeting acts as shuttering and has to carry its own weight, the wet concrete and the construction loads. In the composite stage the slab has to carry its own weight, floor finishes and the live load. The following loads are considered in this example: G = 1,35 Q = 1,5 M0 = 1,0 M1 = 1,0 C = 1,5 VS = 1,25 (permanent loads) (variable loads) EN 1993-1-1 EN 1993-1-1 EN 1992-1-1 EN 1994-1-1 EN 1990
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Construction stage: Self weight of the sheeting Self weight of the wet concrete Distributed construction load Concentrated construction load Composite stage: Self weight of the slab Floor finishes Live load (hotel) g1 = 2,5 + 0,09 = 2,6 kN/m2 g2 = 1,2 kN/m2 q = 5,0 kN/m2 gp = 0,09 kN/m2 gc = 2,6 kN/m2 q1 = 0,75 kN/m2 q2 = 1,5 kN/m2
Verification of the sheeting as shuttering

The sheeting resistance needs to be verified in the construction stage in both ultimate and serviceability limit state according to EN 1993-1-3. Ultimate limit state: Maximum sagging bending moment:
+ + + M Ed = G M g + Q M q
+ + + M g = M gp + M gc = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1, 82 = 0,81 kNm/m

+ M q = 0, 094 1, 5 1, 82 = 0,46 kNm/m
+ M Ed = 1, 35 0, 81 + 1, 5 0, 46 = 1,78 kNm/m
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Maximum hogging bending moment:

q2 q1 gc gp
3000
M Ed = G M g + Q M q = 1, 35 1, 01 + 1, 5 0, 55 = 2,18 kNm/m
FEd = G FG + Q Fq = 1,35 5,75 + 1,5 3,15 = 12,5 kN/m

M g , M q , Fg and Fq are calculated by computer.
Design check: Positive bending

+ M Rd = + M Rk
M0
3,41 + = 3,41 kNm/m > M Ed =1,78 kNm/m OK 1,0
Negative bending M
Rd
M Rk
M0
2,86 = 2,86 kNm/m > M Ed = 2,18 kNm/m OK 1,0
Support reaction
RRd =
M1
RRk
34,0 = 34,0 kN/m > FEd= 12,5 kN/m 1,0
OK
Interaction, moment and support reaction

M Ed F + Ed 1,25 M Rd Rw,Rd
EN 1993-1-3 6.1.11 (6.28) OK
2,18 12, 5 + = 1,13 < 1, 25 2, 86 34, 0 All design checks are OK at the ultimate limit state.
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Serviceability limit state: The deflection, s, due to the wet concrete and the self weight of the sheeting should not, unless otherwise noted in the National Annex, exceed s,max = L/180. EN 1994-1-1 9.6 (2)
s =
( 2, 65 g p + 3, 4 g c ) L4 384 EI p
Check if the sheeting is fully effective, i.e. does Ip need to be recalculated due to local buckling? Maximum positive moment in serviceability limit state:
M sls = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1,82 = 0,81 kNm/m

Maximum compression stress in top flange:
com =
p = =
M sls 0, 81 106 z = ( 45 19) = 63,8 N/mm2 4 Ip 33, 0 10

fy
cr
235
b/t 28, 4 k 235 = 1,9 63, 8
EN 1993-1-5 4.4
com
with = 1, Table 4.1 gives k = 4
p =
30 / 0, 778 28, 4 1, 9 4, 0
EN 1993-1-5 Table 4.1
= 0,36
= 1, 0
Since the reduction factor, = 1, 0 , no reduction of the top flange is necessary, i.e. Ip is fully effective.
s =
( 2, 65 0, 09 + 3, 4 2, 6) 18004 = 3,6 mm 384 210000 33, 0 104

L 1800 =10 mm > 3,6 mm = s = 180 180
s,max =
OK EN 1994-1-1 9.3.2 (2)
The deflection, s, is less than 1/10 of the slab depth, therefore no ponding effects need to be taken into account. Hence, the serviceability limit state is also OK. The sheeting can work as shuttering in the construction stage.
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Verification of the composite slab:

Ultimate limit state: The continuous slab will be designed as a series of simply supported spans. EN 1994-1-1 9.4.2 (5)
q g1+g2
M Ed =
M Ed
[ G ( g1 + g 2 ) + Q q] L2 8
[1, 35 ( 2, 6 + 1, 2) + 1, 5 5, 0] 3, 62 = 20,5 kNm/m = 8
Design bending resistance: The sagging bending moment resistance should be calculated from the stress distribution in the figure below, if the neutral axis is above the sheeting.
0,85 fcd xpl dp + fyp,d
centroidal axis of the profiled steel sheeting
Nc,f z Np Mpl,Rd
EN 1994-1-1 Figure 9.5
xpl =
Ap f yp,d 0, 85 b f cd f yp,k
f yp,d =
M0
f ck
320 = 320 N/mm2 1, 0
f cd =
25 = 16,7 N/mm2 1, 5
pl =
955 320 = 21,6 mm 0,85 1000 16,7
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For full shear connection:

M pl,Rd = Ap f yd d p xpl / 2
M pl,Rd = 955 320 (101 21, 6 / 2 ) 103 = 27,5 kNm/m > 20,5 = MEd Longitudinal shear by partial connection method: Shear span required for full shear connection
N c = u,Rd b Lx N cf
EN 1994-1-1 9.7.3 (8)
The distance to the nearest support, Lx, required for full shear connection can be determined by
Lx =
Ap f yd N cf = b u,Rd b u,Rd
u,Rd =
Lx =
u,Rk 0, 306 = = 0,245 N/mm2 Vs 1, 25
955 320 = 1247 mm 1000 0,245
Hence, at a distance of 1247 mm from the support a full shear connection is fulfilled. Design check using the simplified partial interaction diagram: For any cross section along the span it has to be shown that the corresponding design bending moment, MEd, does not exceed the design bending resistance, MRd. In the figure x is the distance from the support.
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MRd, MEd [kNm/m]

30
Mpl,Rd MRd
20
10
M Ed =
[ G ( g1 + g 2 ) + Q q ] x 2
( L x)
Mpa
0
x [m]
0 0.4 0.8 1.2
Lx
1.6
M Ed M Rd for all cross sections Vertical shear: VEd =

VEd =
[ G ( g1 + g 2 ) + Q q ] L 2
[1, 35 ( 2, 6 + 1, 2) + 1, 5 5, 0] 3, 6 = 22,7 kN/m 2
Design vertical shear resistance: Vv,Rd = CRd,c k (100 I f ck )1 / 3 + k1 cp bw d p with a minimum of

Vv,Rd,min = ( vmin + k1 cp ) bw d p
EN 1992-1-1 6.2.2
CRd,c = k = 1+
0,18
0,18 = 0,12 1, 5
See Note in EN 1992-1-1 6.2.2
200 200 = 1+ = 2, 4 dp 101
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l =
Asl 0,02 bw d p
Asl is the area of the tension reinforcement in [mm], i.e Asl = Ap bw = 400 mm/m, i.e. the smallest width in [mm] of the section in the tension area.
l =
955 = 0,024 > 0,02 400 101
l = 0,02
cp =
N Ed = 0 , since NEd = 0, i.e. no axial forces or prestress. Ac
k1 = 0,15 Vv,Rd = 0,12 2, 4 (100 0, 02 25)1 / 3 + 0,15 0 400 101

See Note in EN 1992-1-1 6.2.2
Vv,Rd = 42,8 kN/m Minimum value

1/2 vmin = 0, 035 k 3 / 2 f ck = 0, 035 2, 43 / 2 251 / 2 = 0,65
Vv,Rd,min = ( 0, 65 + 0,15 0) 400 101 = 26,3 kN/m
Vv,Rd = 42,8 kN/m > 22,7 kNm/m = VEd
OK
All design checks of the composite slab in the ultimate limit state are OK. Serviceability limit state: Cracking of concrete: As the slab is designed as simply supported, only anti-crack reinforcement is EN 1994-1-1 needed. The cross-sectional area of the reinforcement above the ribs should be 9.8.1 (2) not less than 0,4% of the cross-sectional area of the concrete above the ribs. min As = 0, 004 b hc = 0, 004 1000 75 = 300 mm2/m 8 s160 mm will be enough for this purpose.
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Deflection: For the calculations of the deflections of the slab, the slab is considered to be continuous. The following approximations apply: the second moment of area may be taken as the average of the values for the cracked and un-cracked section; for concrete, an average value of the modular ratio, n, for both longand short-term effects may be used.
n= Ep E
' cm
EN1994-1-1 9.8.2 (5)
Ep E 1 Ecm + cm 2 3
210000 10 2 31000 3
Second moment of area for the cracked section

I bc =
3 b xc + Ap ( d p xc )2 + I p 3 n
xc =
Ai zi Ai
n Ap 2 b dp 1+ 1 b n Ap
xc =
10 955 2 1000 101 1+ 1 = 35,4 mm 1000 10 955
I bc =
1000 35, 43 + 955 (101 35, 4)2 + 33, 0 104 = 5, 92 106 mm4/m 3 10
Second moment of area for the un-cracked section

I bu b hc3 b hc = + 12 n n
2 3 hp hc b0 hp b0 hp xu + + ht xu + 2 12 n n 2 2
Ap ( d p xu )2 + I p
b xu =
h hc2 + b0 hp ht p + n Ap d p 2 2 b hc + b0 hp + n Ap
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1000 xu =
752 45 + 650 45 120 + 10 955 101 2 2 = 58,3 mm 1000 75 + 650 45 + 10 955

2
I bu
1000 753 1000 75 75 610 453 + = + 58, 3 + 12 10 10 2 12 10 610 45 45 120 58, 3 + 955 (101 58, 3)2 + 10 2 33, 0 104 = 13, 5 106 mm 4 /m
2
Average Ib of the cracked and un-cracked section
Ib =
I bc + I bu 5, 92 + 13, 5 = 106 = 9, 7 106 mm 4 /m 2 2
Deflections The total deflection under the worst load case should not exceed L/250. Weight of floor finishes: 0, 0068 g 2 L4 0, 0068 1, 2 36004 = = = 0,67 mm E Ib 210000 9, 7 106 EN1992-1-1 7.4.1(4)
c,g
Live load, worst case:
c,q =
0, 0099 1 q L4 0, 0099 0, 7 5, 0 36004 = = 2,86 mm E Ib 210000 9, 7 106
Removal of the props:

G 1' G 1' G 1'
G1 = g1
L 3, 6 = 4,68 kN/m = 2, 6 2 2
c,G =
1
0, 01146 G1 L3 0, 01146 4680 36003 = = 1,23 mm E Ib 210000 9, 7 106
x g
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Total deflection:
p
c = c,G + c,g + c,q = 1, 23 + 0, 67 + 2, 86 = 4,76 mm

1 2
y o
c = 4,76 mm <
L 3600 = = 14,4 mm 250 250
OK
s r h C T r h e i a s t e m d a t o e n r i T a l u i s
Example: Composite floor slab SX009a-EN-EU
Quality Record
RESOURCE TITLE Reference(s) ORIGINAL DOCUMENT Name Created by Technical content checked by Editorial content checked by Technical content endorsed by the following STEEL Partners: 1. UK 2. France 3. Sweden
Company SBI SBI
Date 10/03/2005 08/04/2005
Jonas Gozzi Bernt Johansson
G W Owens A Bureau A Olsson C Muller J Chica G W Owens
SCI CTICM SBI RWTH Labein SCI
7/7/05 17/8/05 8/8/05 10/8/05 12/8/05 06/7/06
4. Germany 5. Spain Resource approved by Technical Coordinator TRANSLATED DOCUMENT This Translation made and checked by: Translated resource approved by:

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Example: Composite floor slab

Document Ref: Title

Eurocode Ref Made by Checked by

March 2005 April 2005

Example: Composite floor slab

P 1800 1800 1800 1800

From trade literature

Rw,k = 34,0 kN/m

u,Rk = 0,306 N/mm2

Example: Composite floor slab

Document Ref: Title

Eurocode Ref Made by Checked by

March 2005 April 2005

30 50o 60 150 900

Example: Composite floor slab

Document Ref: Title

Eurocode Ref Made by Checked by

March 2005 April 2005

Verification of the sheeting as shuttering

+ + + M g = M gp + M gc = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1, 82 = 0,81 kNm/m

Example: Composite floor slab

Document Ref: Title

Eurocode Ref Made by Checked by

March 2005 April 2005

Maximum hogging bending moment:

FEd = G FG + Q Fq = 1,35 5,75 + 1,5 3,15 = 12,5 kN/m

M g , M q , Fg and Fq are calculated by computer.

Design check: Positive bending

3,41 + = 3,41 kNm/m > M Ed =1,78 kNm/m OK 1,0

2,86 = 2,86 kNm/m > M Ed = 2,18 kNm/m OK 1,0

34,0 = 34,0 kN/m > FEd= 12,5 kN/m 1,0

Interaction, moment and support reaction

EN 1993-1-3 6.1.11 (6.28) OK

Example: Composite floor slab

Document Ref: Title

Eurocode Ref Made by Checked by

March 2005 April 2005

M sls = 0, 078 0, 09 1, 82 + 0, 094 2, 6 1,82 = 0,81 kNm/m

Maximum compression stress in top flange:

M sls 0, 81 106 z = ( 45 19) = 63,8 N/mm2 4 Ip 33, 0 10

b/t 28, 4 k 235 = 1,9 63, 8

with = 1, Table 4.1 gives k = 4

EN 1993-1-5 Table 4.1

( 2, 65 0, 09 + 3, 4 2, 6) 18004 = 3,6 mm 384 210000 33, 0 104

OK EN 1994-1-1 9.3.2 (2)

Example: Composite floor slab

Document Ref: Title

Eurocode Ref Made by Checked by

March 2005 April 2005

Verification of the composite slab:

[1, 35 ( 2, 6 + 1, 2) + 1, 5 5, 0] 3, 62 = 20,5 kNm/m = 8

EN 1994-1-1 Figure 9.5

320 = 320 N/mm2 1, 0

955 320 = 21,6 mm 0,85 1000 16,7

Example: Composite floor slab

Document Ref: Title

Eurocode Ref Made by Checked by

March 2005 April 2005

For full shear connection:

EN 1994-1-1 9.7.3 (8)

u,Rk 0, 306 = = 0,245 N/mm2 Vs 1, 25

955 320 = 1247 mm 1000 0,245

Example: Composite floor slab