1

1. (Report)

2. (Term Paper)

1
3. (Independent Study)

(Study Problem)

4. (Thesis or Dissertation)

(2)

3
1.
1.1 (Cover)

1.2 (Title Page)

1.3 (Approval Sheet

Acceptance Page)

1.4

(Sponsorship Acknowledgement
Page) ()

1.5

(Acknowledgement)

(Preface
Foreword)

1.6 (Thai Abstract)

4
1.7 (English Abstract)

1.8 (Table of Contents)

1.9 (List of Tables) ()

()

1.10 (List of Figures)

2.

2.1

2.2

2.2.1 (Quotation)
2.2.2 (Reference)

2.2.3 (Note) ()
2.2.4 (Table) ()

2.2.5 (Figure) ()
3.

3.1 (Half-title Page)

3.2 (Bibliography)

3.3 (Appendix) ()

3.4 (Glossary) ()

3.5 (Vitae)

11

1.

3.8

2.5 ( 95)

( 96

97)

6
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98 101

3.

4.

2538

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10.

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2.

2.1 (Quotation)

2 (Direct
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2.2

(Reference)

2.3

2.4

2.5

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Article

TITLE

............................

...........................
AUTHOR

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ADVISORS

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DEGREE

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...............................
UNIVERSITY

DATE ...........................

29
ABSTRAC

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2.

3. 112

1.

3.5

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2.

3.

30
2

116

4. 2

5.

6.

0.5 2
4

7.

E
PAGE

8.

0.5 0.5

9. 1

31
0.5
11

10.

11. 2
12. 1

CHAPTER PAGE
13.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

2
14.

APPENDIX

A B C

15.

122

16. 116

32
1.

2.

3. 124

125

1.

(Quantitative Research)
5

(Qualitative Research)

5-6

1
2.

3.5

3.

33
2

4. 1

5.

6. 2

7. 2

8.

1.5

9.

10.

10.1 1.5

34
10.2 2 0.5

11.

1. 4

.....
(.....)

2.

3 (...) 2

3.

35

4. 2

Anon

2515 : 309)

36

(.

(.

2532 : 309)

2513 : 1)

I never saw a wild thing

sorry for itself.

37
A small bird will drop frozen dead from a
bough

sorry for itself.

(Lawrence.

without ever having felt

1995 : 121)

wing of the Birds

Are clotted with ice.
I have but one storySummer is gone.

(Anon.

1995 : 57)
5. 4

The

38
2

1.5

0.5
0.5

(2535 :

56)

...

6.

39

2524.

43.
2

1969.

Flanklin S. Adams.

p. 131.
3

42.

.
The World of Man.

2520.

40
7.

1 2 3

1.

2.

3.

1.

2.

41
1
1

3.

1.5

4.

5. 1

6.

7.

1
8.

9.

10.

( / 2 )

42
1

/.// .// .//

11.

11.1 3

and others

11.2

12.

13.

... n.d.

14. //

..

// ..

43

p.

15.

unpaged

Abstract

78-80.
2

.
3

Personality.

Abraham H. Maslow.

1987.

Nishi Tishio.

p. 119.

2529.

2528.

22.

Motivation and

Unconditional Democracy :

Education and Politics in Occupied Japan, 1945-1952.

1982.

p. 214.

44
1

.
2

2518.

55.

, .

.
3

2538.

2527.

45.

30.

Harold W. Bernard and Daniel W. Fullmer.

Principles of Guidance.
5

1977.

p. 5-7.

Stephan F. Mayer and Karen Sutton.

an Integrative Approach.
1996.

p. 57.
6

Steel, R.G.D.

Principles and Procedures of

Approach.

1980.

p. 110.

and

J.H. Torrie.

Personality

Statistics : A Biometrical

45
1

.
2536.

15.

.. 2475-2528.
2528.

281-288.

Irma H. Gross, Elizabeth W. Crandall and

Marjorie M. Knoll.
1973.

p. 12-17.

Management for Modern Families.

3
1

: .
24.

. .

2526.

23-

2541.

37.

Edward S. Bradley and

others.

The Amercian Tradtion in Literature.

1961.

p. 72.

Jeffrey Stanton

Apple Software 1985.

and others.

The Book of

46
1984.

p. 431.

2526.

().
112.

().

2515.

70.

Samuel Langhorne Clements.

Abroad and Tom Sawyer

Detective.

by Mark Twain (Pseud).

2529.

Tom Sawyer

1965.

p. 18

30, 49, 88.

. .
2525.

3-7.

47
Nikolai Nosov.

Dunno's Adventures : How

Dunno Became an Artist.

Wettlin.

1983.

translated by Margaret

p. 5-7.

1.

2.

3.

()

1

17.
2

4-6.
3

11.

2529.

2524.

2525.

2531.

48

()

.., ..,
..

3/198.

.
608/8177 27 2445.
2

3.

.. 1206.

12.

. 030303/1462.

49
.
2515.

8 2539.

1.
2

3.

...

...

2530.

50

.//.
1

.//,// .//

3-5 ,
2528.
2

.
3

66.

2526.

11457-11458.

18.

2530.

,
.
4

Fred J. Tickner.

2526.

5-6.

Apprenticeship and Employee

Training, in The New Encyclopaedia Britannica,

Macropaedia.

Vol. 1.

1981.

p. 1120.

51
1

3 1.
2

2507.

Oliver Goldsmith.

Scene II.

1983.

p. 9.

41.

She Stoops to Conquer Act I

.//,/

.// () /://;//
/ .

,
.
2531.
2

30(1) : 55-82 ; -

68 : 40-42 ; 15
2530.

, .

52
3

.
8(402) : 17 ;

2531.
4

Norman Horrocks.

Brighton, Library Journal.

November, 1987.

Culture Shock at
112(19) :

48-52 ;

1.

.//,/

.//// .//
.
1

, .
9.

Ann Danaiya Usher.

Nation.

1988.

June 17,

17 2531.

Painful Images, The

p. 33.

2.

53
.///:/ ,/

.///
/ .//.
1

Beverly Hills.

Outlook People : First to

Take Thai Silk Fashion to France, Bangkok Post.

March 19, 1987.
2

p. 31.

, .
3.

17 2531.

3.

,/ .//// .//.

' , .

2531.

1, 15.

17

Siddhi, Thach Map out Options, Bangkok Post.

June 17, 1988.

p. 1, 3.

54
,/ .//././/

.//// .
1

( 2) .. 2527,

12 2527.

101.

144.

1-13.

()

.// .///

( ).//

.//.//.//.// .// ().

1

15 .
.
15.

.. 859.

...

1/1-

1 .
.

4.

55
3

.
1 12 .
...

.// ,/.//

.//// .//.

... .

. . .
.

26 2530.

().

.
25 2530.

6.00-7.00 .

9.00-10.00

56
1, .

9 .
19.22 .

10 2520.

18.25-

/ ,/

.../ ,/ ... () ... (

).

,/in an interview with

,/at ... ()

on ... ( , )
1

, 84

4
14 2530.

Robert Stueart, in an interview with Sujin

Butdisuwan, at Academic Resource Center, Mahasarakham

University on March 25, 1996.

57

(Film) (Slide)

(Filmstrip)

(Video Tape) (Tape Cassette Tape)

(Disc)

.//().// .

1
2
3

(CD-ROM)

.
.

( ).

.
4

().
2522.

().

The DNA Story.

...
...

(Video Tape).

Brass Instruments of the Symphony

n.d.

Orchestra.

(Slide).

1975.

How to Produce Master Materials.

ROM).

1989.

(CD-

58
.//.//().//

.
1

().
2

2529.

().
...

- .

Mozart's Greatest Hits.

().

...

(Cassette Tape).

n.d.

().

The Middle East.

(Map).

().

n.d.

2525.

59

1.

Ibid.

2. op.

cit.

3. loc.

cit.

21.

80.
4
5
6

.
.

80.

2528.
2529.

25.

78-

60
John Rex.

Theory.

1980.

Ibid.

Key Problems of Sociological

p. 1.

8
9

15.

10
11
12

30.
13

John Rex.

Ibid.

p. 99.

op. cit.

.
John Rex.

2525.

p. 85-86.

2524.

loc. cit.

(Primary Sources)

()

citing

61
1

.
.
30.)

2529.

44.

(
2482.

1.

2.
1

3.

4.

REFERENCES

5.

62

6.

2 .
31.

Billian Gray and Bora Reese.

Children to Read.
3

p. 9-10.

1967.

p. 3.

Lawrence E. Hafner.

Secondary Schools.
4

1957.

Ibid.

p. 130-131.

2509.

Teaching

Improving Reading in

63
5

7.

2529.

18.

.
.

Lawrence E. Hafner.

op. cit.

11(23) : 27-30 ; , 2519.

8
9

.
24.
10
11

2523.

p. 6.

2525.

13.

1.

64

...

2522 : 4)

... (2525 :

4) ...

2.

.../(.// /:/)/...

(
(

.
.

2527 : 11-19)
2527 : 22-26)

65
3.

... (
.
... (Kidd.

2525 : 42)

1987 : 15-16) ...

4.

(McCarthy.

1990 A : 27)

(McCarthy.

115)

A, B

1990 B :

5.

... (.

2530 : 3)

6. ...

n.d.
unpaged

66
7.

8.

12

13

...

(2512 : 17-18)

(Hilton.

1979 : 200-201)

...

9.

...

(Halpin.

1966 : 27-28)

Halpin (1966 : 27-28) ...

10.

67
(...)

...
1

659

(
2520)

11.

... .

( .

2525 : 57 ;
.

2529 : 59)

12.

(.)

... ( .

2529 : )

68
13.

citing

;
... ( .

2484 : 81)
(Kotler.

Stanton and Futrell.

2519 : 40 ;
1987 : 58 ; citing

1986 : 100)

14.

.. 2491

.. 2486 .. 2489 1 (
.

2491 : 360-391)

.. 2486-2489

..

69
2486

4474

4318

8792

335

148

2487

4534

4435

8969

352

163

2488

4747

4562

9309

272

216

2489

4982

4740

9722

282

150

15.

(2530 : 221)

70

16.
(.// :

( .

2530 : )

71
17.

1.5

2
3

72

1. 2

2.
3.

2 2

4. 1

5. 2

6.

73
Microsoft Word
135

7.

1
4

8.

9.

F4

A4

10.

74
11.

12.

127

13.

1.

2.

3.

75

4. 2

5.

6.

130

1.

...

2. 1

76
3. 87 91 93 131

1.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
2.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

3.

(Primary

Source)

77
(Secondary Source)

4.

5.

1.5

6.
6.1

78
. .. ...
Sir

Sr.(Senior) Jr.(Junior)

, ..

, ...

, .
, ..

,
,
Penn, Robert, Jr.

6.2

6.1

. .

Dr., Prof.

. . . . . Mr., Mrs.,

6.3

2 3

, .

79
Thomson, John M.

Thomas, Gordon and May Morgan.

Beverly Shower.

Joyce, Bruce, Marsha Weil and

6.4

Boonsong
Lekagul Sujin Butdisuwan

7.

8.

9.

9.1

80
9.2

9.3

9.4

10.

... S.l.
... s.n.
...

n.d.

11.

.//.// .///:/

,/ .

6 7

81

4 2
2
2

nd

ed. 4

2 (:)

: ,
2535.

2.

82
Steel, R.G.D.

and

J.H. Torrie.

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Approach.

Principles and

Statistics : A Biometrical

ed.

nd

Tokyo : McGraw-Hill, 1980.

3

1

.//.// .//

/:/ ,/ .
2

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.///:/ .

83

.//( ).//.//

.///:/ .

1.

.
2.

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Efficiency and Competitiveness.

York : Ellis Horwood, 1993.

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84

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(1981).

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Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey :

th

ed.

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2

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1.

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(2523).

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and 2 3

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, .
Microsoft Work
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, 2536.

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Saltveit, Jr.

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in Plant Biology.

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San Diego :

,

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2529.

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: The Network of Life.

:
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Biology

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3

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.

(2539).

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(1994).

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87
Diversity of Life on Earth.

New York : Harper

Collins.

4. 3

and others

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Hart, David and others.

London : Grange, 1991.

Trees : Benjamin Perkins.

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.

2521.

Albert, B.D. and others.

the Cell.

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ed.

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88
.

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to Genetic Analysis.
Freeman.

(1993).

New York :

An Introduction

5.

(pseud)

3 1

, ..
().

: , 2534.

Clemens, Samuel Langhorne.

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Mark Twain (pseud.).

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New York : Dell, 1965.

6.

3
1

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.

:
, 2535.

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7.

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, .
.

:
, 2535.

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and F. Leib.

2 ed.
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Translated by G. Peck

Moscow : Mir, 1979.

8.

... S.l
... n.d.

9.

unpaged

90
10.

1.5

().

, ...
.

().

: , 2515.

11.

...
A B C ...
A B C

91
.

, 2539

1.

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They Misunderstand, But They ll Pass,

The Science Teacher.

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.

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53(10) : 32-35 ;

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48(1) : 37-40 ; January, 1986 B.

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Master's
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92
4

..

, 2536.
.
..

: , 2544.

:
.

..

: , 2543.
.

..

, 2543.

93
.

2543.

..

: ,

Sujin Butdisuwan.

The Perceptions of Directors and

Librarians Toward Community Services of Academic

Libraries in Thailand.
Illinois State

Doctor's Thesis.

University, 1990.

Illinois :

13.

// , //. .//
.///:

/ ,/ .
.

273.

239-

, 2536.

3-5 ,
66.

17.

2528.

94
, 2530.

Boonsong Lekagul and Jefferey A. Marahall.

Gods, in The Encyclopedia of
Mind Magic

& Mysteries.

London : Darling Kindersley, 1991.

Spirit

p. 110-111.

22.

.
:

Steffe, L.

14615-14616.

, 2533.

Overview of the Action Group A 1 :

Early Childhood Years, in Transforming

Early

Steffe and T. Wood.

Hillsdale

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edited by L.

p. 80-83.

: Lawrence Erlbaum Press, 1990.

14.

95

().

()

20

2532.

1.
.//,/.//

()/://;/

/,/ .

, .
-, 2535.

Snyder, Ilana.

36(3) : 10-17 ;

Writing with Word Processors : A

Research Overview,

96

1993.

Educational Research.

35(1) : 49-68 ; Spring,

2.

,/ .//.//

.//./// .

.. 2529, .

139.

36-42.

103.

2529.

3.

.//,/
.//// .//
.

().
, .

12 2542.

22.

97
Ames, Paul.
Nation.

EC Urge China to Open Markets, The

May 1, 1993.

p. 35.

, .

2536.

1, 28.

. ,/.

,/
.

,
,
3

2544.

98

()

.. .. ..

.
.

1.

5 .59/3.

31

.. 109.

.
1206.

12.

2.

.
1077/2538
2538.

3.

..

24

99
3.

2539.

20

2539.

.
199108

4.

, ...

5.

2539.

100

Microfilm Microfiche
Peterson, Wendall Christian.

Analytical and Computer-

Aided Design Techniques for Bipolar

Transistor Amplifiers.

and Fet

(Microfilm) Doctor's Thesis.

New York : Cornell University, 1976.

1.

(CD-ROM)

CD-ROM

Greer, Michael.

How to Produce Master Materials,

Performance and Instruction.

ROM.

28(3) : 43-48 ; March, 1989.

No. EJ 392431)

(ERIC CD-

101
2.

(Internet)

10

1.World Wide Web Site

14

1.1
1.1.1 ()

1.1.2
(Title)

1.1.3

1.1.4

1.1.5 URL

1.1.6

1.2

. // ,/

.//
.//

<URL>//

102
1.2.1 (General Web Site)

Laux, Lila.

Designing Accessible Web Page and Web

Applications, Internetworking. (2) : AccessiblityDesigning.

March 6, 1999.

<http://www.sandia.gov/itg/newsletter/ mar99/
accessibility_lila.html>

May 1, 1999.

IconEdit Pro V6.02, IconEdit Pro V6.02 32Bit.

<http:// www.fh.sbg.ac. at/~hhhwiehof/

n.d.

english/icon32.htm> August 1, 1999.

The CDS-ISIS User Forum, CDS-ISIS User Forum

Home Page.

May 23, 1999.

<http://www.bib.wau.nl/isis/>

May 24, 1999.

1.2.2 (Personal Web Site)

103
Pellegrino, Joseph.

Homepage.

September 24, 1997.

<http://www.english.eku.edu/ pellegri/personal.htm>
November 7, 1997.

1.2.3 (Book)

WWW

URL

Darwin, Charles.

The Voyage of the Beagle.

: Project Gutenberg, 1845.

London

<ftp://uiarchive.cso.uiuc.edu/pub/etext/gutenberg/etext97/v
bgle10.txt>

1.2.4

October 10, 1997.

(Electronic Journal

E journal)

WWW

(Frame)

104
Browning, Tonya.

Embedded Visuals : Student Design

in Web Space, A Journal for Teachers of Writing

in Webbed Environments.

3(1) ; 1997.

<http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/2.1/
features/browning/index.html>

1.2.5

October 21, 1997.

(Electronic Magazine Ezine)

WWW

Myhvold, Nathan.
Slate.

Confession of a Cybershaman,

June 12, 1997. <http://www.slate.com/

criticalMass/97-06-12/criticalMass.asp>
1997.

Bush, George.

October 19,

Princicles of Ethical Conduct for

Government Officers and Employees, Executive

Order.

(12674) ; April 12, 1989.

<http://www.usoge.gov/exorders /eo12674.html>
October 30, 1997.

2. (Email Message)

105
2.1

15

2.1.1 ()

2.1.2 Email Address

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2.1.3 (Subject)
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Franke, Normane.

<franke1@llnl.gov>

Robinette, Danny.

<robinetted@ccmail.gate.eku.edu>

April 29, 1996.

Epiphany Project.

Forum Posting)

Soundapp 2.0.2.

April 30, 1996.

3. (Web Discussion
3.1
3.1.1 ()

3.1.2 Email Address

3.1.3 (Subject)

106
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3.1.5 (Reply)

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Laliberte, Daniel.

Instructions.

<liberte@ncsa.uiuc.edu>
May 23, 1996.

HyperNews

<http://unionncsa.uiuc.edu/HyperNews/get/hypernews/instr
uctions.html>

Saffran, Art.
Hard.

May 24, 1996.

<saffran@wisbar.org>

January 5, 1996.

Its Not That

reply to HyperNews

Instructions, by Daniel La Liberte.

<http://www.hypernews.

org/HyperNews/get/

hypernews/instructions.html>

May 24, 1996.

107
4. (Literary Message)

4.1

(Email Protocol)

4.1.1

4.1.1.1 ()

4.1.1.2 Email Address

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4.1.1.4

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108
Parente, Victor.

<vrparent@mailbox.syr.edu>

Expectations of Class Participation.

1996.

<philosed@sued.syr.edu>

4.3

On

May 27,

May 29, 1996.

WWW

WWW
via

Carbone, Nick.

<nickc@english.umass.edu>

NN 960126

: Followup to Donts Comments about Citing

URLs.
l>

January 26, 1996.

ttu.edu>

via

<acw- l@union.sca.

<http://www.ttu.edu/lists/acw-

February 17, 1996.

5. (Newsgroup Message)

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5.3
5.4
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(Subject)

5.6 (IP DNS)

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Slade, Robert.
Easy.

<res@maths.bath.ac.uk>

UNIX Made

March 26, 1996. <alt.books.reviews>

March 31, 1996.

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(Site)

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Discussion.

Words.

April 4, 1996.

<telnet://telnet.moo.du.

April 5, 1996.

Group

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Aquatic Conservation Network.

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telnet

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go can, press 1.

May 28, 1996.

login as guest,

California Department of Pesticide Regulation.

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Management Information, CSU Fresno ATI-NET.

n.d.

telnet

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May 28, 1996.

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May, 1993.

>

Immigrants and Family Values.

ftp

<heather.cs.ucdavis. edu/pub/

immigration/index.html>

U.S. Senate.
1997.
ftp

November 19, 1997.

Safe and Affordable Schools Act of

Congressional Record.

January 21, 1997.

<ftp.loc.gov/pub/thomas/c105/s1.is.txt>

20, 1997.

October

8.3 WWW

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113
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Fukuyama, Francis.

Immigrants and Family Values.

May, 1993. <ftp://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/pub/

immigration/index.html>

U.S. Senate.

November 19, 1997.

Safe and Affordable Schools Act of

1997 Congressional Record.

January 21, 1997.

<ftp://ftp.loc.gov/pub/thomas/c105/s1.is.txt>
20, 1997.

October

9. Gopher Site

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Association for Progressive Communications.

APC.

March, 1997.

<gopher.humanrights.org>

Gopher

About the

About IGC Networks,

Association for Progressive Communications, About

the APC.

December 11, 1997.

115

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National Extension Model of

Critical Parenting Practices.

1994.

<gopher://tinman.mes.umn.edu:4242/11/other/other/NEM
_Parent>

May 28, 1996.

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Page, n.d..

April 2, 1996.

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Personal

<http://www.csu.eku.edu/honors>

Teague, Jason Crawford.

Frames in Action, Lkd.

Kairos : A Journal for Teachers of Writing in

Webbed Environments.

At

Cover Web : Tenure

and Technology, March 11, 1997.

<http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/2.1>
1997.

November 19,

,
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, 1
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< http://

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118
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1.3 (Video Tape)

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119
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1.1
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2.1

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2.2.2

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2.2.4 ()

3.

3.1
3.2

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127
( )

(..)

. 13

2544

_____________________________________________________
______________________

DEVLOPMENT IN ARCHITECTURAL FORMS

AND BELIEFS

CONCERNING PAGODA CONSTRUCTION :

A CASE STUDY OF

SUWANNAPHUM DISTRICT ROI-ET

PROVINCE.

128

()

(..)

129

. 13

2544

_____________________________________________________
______________________

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2541

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1.

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6.
7.
8.
9.

10.

10

1.

2.

139
3.

4.

5.

6.

1. OPAC (Online Public

Access Catalog)
(Subject Heading)
(Subheading)

140
2. (Periodical Index)

3.

4.

5.
6.

7. (CD-ROM)

8.

9. (Articles)

141

10.

11. 3-5

1. (Heading)

(Subheading)

2.

3.

4.

142

10.2
12.8 10.2

20.8

1.

2.

3.

143

4.

5.

5.1
5.2

5.3

6.

6.1

6.2

6.3

6.3.1

6.3.2
6.3.3

144

6.3.4

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6.4

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, 2539.

159-162

145

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2.
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5.

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8.

9.
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146
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2542.

38

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43

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5.

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5.3

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2.1

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5.

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6.

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8.

1.

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5.

6.

7.

8. .. ..

.. ...
... .

156
9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

157
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16.

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18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

158
23.

24.

159

160

4.

, 2544.

, 2529.

, ..

.
4.

: , 2529.

161
.

, 2526.

: , 2530.

.
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162
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: , 2533.
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.

7.

, 2536.

163
.
2526.

: ,

2515.

: ,

Colwell, C. Carter and Jame H. Knok.

Term Paper.

The Complete

Reston, Virginia :

Lawrence, D.H.

Prentice-Hall, 1974.

A World of Poetry.

Selected by Michael Rosen.

Kingfisher, 1991.

London :

3 ed.
rd

Harnack, Meet Andrew and Meet Eugene Kleppinger.

Online.

n.d.

<htt://www.smpcoiiege.com/ online-

4styles~help/index.html> August 31, 1999.

Hungerford, Lynda.
Reports.

How to Write Term Papers &

Toronto : Coles, 1981.

Moddern Language Association of America.

Style.

1998.

September 7, 1998.

MLA

< htt://www.mla.org/main_st.htm> August 25,

164
Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association.

rd

ed.

Washington, DC :

American Psychological Association, 1983.

Turabian, Kate L.

A Manual for Writers of Term

Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.

Press, 1972.

Chicago : The University of Chicago

165

166

167

( )
2.5

3.8

(Proton crasslfolius Gelsel)

( 20 )

168

( 18 )

2543

ISBN 974-543-984-3
( 18 )

()
2.5

169

3.8

.. 2480-2541

( 20 )

( 18 )

170

()
2543

ISBN 974-647-123-6
( 18 )
( )
2.5

3.8

( 20 )

171

( 18 )

2543

ISBN 974-647-033-7
( 18

( )

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( 20 )

( 18 )

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()
2540

ISBN 974-541-450-6
( 18 )

()

( 20 )

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( 18 )

2543

ISBN 974-647-127-9
( 18 )

( )

( 20 )

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( 18 )

2543

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ISBN 974-543-704-2
( 18 )

( )

HEMINGWAY'S ART OF SURVIVAL

( 20 )

BY
KAMJORN JAIBOON

( 18 )

177

Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

the Master of Education degree in English
at Mahasarakham University
August 1995
All rights reserved by Mahasarakham University
ISBN 974-596-853-6
( 18 )

( )

( 20 )

178

( 18 )

671

2 2540
( 18 )

()

A PRODUCT OF SINGLE-CELL PROTEIN

FROM YEAST

( 20 )

179

VACHIRAPAN PONYAK
( 18 )

A report presented in partial fulfillment of the

requirements of the course : BI 591
Mahasarakham University

180

Second Semester Academic Year 1995

( 18 )

( )

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( )

This thesis was granted by "PROF.DR.SAROCH

BAOSRI" Scholarship.
Academic
Year

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( )
TITLE

Alternative Conceptions of Some

Biology Concepts : Cell,

Cell Division, and Transport of

Materials Through Cell Held

by Mathayomsuksa 4

Attending Schools with Different

AUTHOR

Students

Preparations for Teaching Biology

Pol. Sgt. Maj. Thawal

Juntarung

195
ADVISORS
and Pirun
DEGREE

Education

Wisuttipat

UNIVERSITY
2002

Assoc. Prof. Jeeraphan

M.Ed.

MAJOR

Mahasarakham University

Suksringarm

Science
DATE

ABSTRACT
It has been widely accepted that the

learner actively constructs his own new

knowledge by using his existing knowledge to interpret

new information in ways which

make sense to him. However the new knowledge

constructed usually calls an alternative

conception and sometimes classifies as a misconception

or misunderstanding after learning some abstract concepts.

This study aimed to investigate and compare alternative
conceptions of three biology concepts learned : cell,
cell division, and transport of materials through cell
held by 240 Mathayomsuksa 4 students and their

classifications according to sex and school preparation

for teaching biology in Kalasin province ; who were

196
randomly selected by a multi-stage stratified random

sampling technique. The researcher-made test on those

three mentioned concepts was used for collecting data.

The collected data subsequently were analyzed by means

of a percentage and a Chi-Square test.

The major findings of the study were as

follows :

1. Students as a whole and as classified

by sex and school preparation for

teaching biology showed the most instances of partial

understandings of cell (30.00 - 42.50percent),

followed

by specific misconceptions (23.75 - 29.17 percent).

showed the

They

most instances of specific misconceptions

of cell division (31.25 - 35.84 percent)

and transport

of materials through cells (29.17 - 32.50 percent),

followed by partial

understandings of these two concepts (22.50 - 31.67 and

22.50 - 27.08 percent, respectively). Except students

attending schools with a low level of preparation for

teaching biology showed the most instances of specific

misconceptions of cell (36.25 percent), followed by

197
partial understandings with specific misconceptions (26.25
percent); and male students and students attending

schools with a high level of preparation for teaching

biology showed the most instances of partial

understandings of transport of materials through cell

(28.33 - 33.75 percent),

followed by specific

misconceptions (25.00 - 27.50 percent).

2. Male students and female students

did not statistically indicate instances of alternative

conceptions of these three biology concepts differently

(p > 0.05).

3. Students attendings schools with

different levels of preparation for teaching biology did

not indicate instances of alternative conceptions of these

three biology concepts differently (p > 0.05).

The results of the study support the

constuctivist theory which claims that the

students can make misconceptions when learned some

abstract concepts. The teacher should use effective

teaching strategies in remediating these misconceptions

after the students learnedthose concepts.

198

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Homogeneity of

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..

209

()

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter
Page
1

INTRODUCTION

.............................................

1
1

3
........................................................
4
...........................................
4
Purpose of the
5
Research
................................................................................
6

Background

Researh
Research
Research
..

Significance of the

8
..................................................................
8
Hypothesis of the
11
..............................................................................
11
Scope of the

....................................................................................
13
15
19
19

210
Definition of

Terms

.........................................................................................

REVIEW OF

LITERATURE

Introduction of Information

Science
Use

..........................................................................

...................................................................
Needs of Information

.............................................................................

Occupation
Industrious

Information Use in Various

............................................................

Information and Personnel Development in

Section

.....

...............
InformationDissemination

........................................
Access

Barriers of Information

..................................

...................................................................

211
Related

Literature

....................................................................................

...
3

METHODOLOGY
......................
Group

Construction

Collection

Chapter

Population and Sample

.........................................................................

Collection

........

.....................................................................

Tools of Data

.............................................................................
Questionnaire

............................................................................

Data

...................................................................................

212

page

Analysis
Analysis
.

33

Data Treatment and Data

35
.....................................................................

Statistics for Data

39
..............................................................................
39
40

RESULTS OF THE

RESEARCH
.....
Analysis
Analysis
Research
..

40

.............................................................

Symbols for Data

93
93

93
............................................................................
93
Procedures of Data
94
.........................................................................
94
Results of the
95
.....................................................................
95
96

CONCLUSIONS DISCUSSION AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

..........................

99
107

213

Research
..

Research
Group

Purpose of the

.............................................................................
Hypothesis of the

....................................................................... ..
Sample

......................................................................

.................
Collection

Collection

Tools of Data

............................................................................
Data

..............................................................................

Analysis

..........
Research

Data

......................................................................................
Conclusions of the

.......................................................................
Discussion

........................................................

.............................................

Recommendations

.....................................................

..........................................

214

BIBLIOGRAPHY

......................................................................

...............................
APPENDIX

................................................................................

........................

Appendix A Questionnaires for the

Research

............................................................

1
Appendix B Discrimination and Standard Deviation of the
3
Questionnaire
..............................................................

.............................................

4
4

5
..........................................................................................
8
..................
VITA

(/ ) 10
13

17

20

35

27
35
37
38

215
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216

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439

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1.

1.1
1.2

1.3

1.4

2.
2.1

2.1.1

(Conceptual Framework)

2.1.2

(Accountability)

2.1.3 (Validity

and/or Reliability)

2.2

(Quantitative Research)

2.2.1 2

2.2.2

2.2.3 (Inferential Statistics)

240
2.2.4 2

2.2.5

Probabilistic Techniques

2.2.6

3.2.1-3.2.5

2.3

(Qualitative Research)

2.3.1

2.3.2

2.3.3

2.3.4

2.3.5 -

241
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3.1

3.2

3.3
3.4

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3.6
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4.1
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