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com
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...
Blaise Pascal

Pascal Machine

1623
(Wilhelm Schikard) ,

11 6 .
, ,
(Blaise Pascal)1642
,
. 50

.
17-
(Gottfried Leibniz)
.

Gottfried Leibniz

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Punchcard

19-
(Joseph-Marie Jacquard)

.
30
.
.

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(Charles
Babbage) 1820-
(Difference Engine)
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.

(Analytical Engine)
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20-

UNIVAC

1890-
1936
1930-
-

(John

Universal
Automatic
(Alan Turing)

(John

von

Neumann)
(Herman
Mauchly)

--
Hollerith)

1945
Electronic

,
Numerical

Integrator
, and
Computer
(UNIVAC)

Computer

(ENIAC)

-I

1951

1945

1946

Electronic

3-4

Discrete

.
Variable

Automatic

Computer

1957

46

(EDVAC)

--

167

1924
27

18

.
.

(IBM

Inc.)

2000

6
ENIAC .
.

.
IBM PC

.




,
.

.

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1948 (Bell Telephone Laboratories)-

3 .

.

,
.

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(Brattain, Walter Houser )

1902-1987, .
.

, (John Bardeen) 1908-1991, -

,
,

(Shockley,
William Bradford) 1910-1989,
,

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1960-

.


.
40

.

1971 4 Intel 4004

Intel

9

. Pentium-IV
.