Code No: RR320801 Set No.

1
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Write about the construction of enthalpy - concentration diagram for a binary
liquid mixture
(b) Give the characteristics of an enthalpy-concentration diagram
(c) Explain, how the enthalpy-concentration diagram and x-y diagram are related.
[4+8+4]
2. (a) Define reflux and reflux ratio
(b) Explain the importance of reflux in a distillation column.
(c) How will you calculate the optimum reflux ratio? [4+6+6]
3. Explain the different types of azeotropic mixture. How will you separate an azeotropic
mixture? Also write short notes on any separation process used for the separation
of azeohipic mixture. [16]
4. Write about the system of three liquids - two pairs partially soluble with the help
of an equilibrium diagram. Give examples. Also discuss the effect of temperature
on the above system. [16]
5. If 8000 kg/h of an acetic acid (C)-water (A) solution, containing 30 % acid, is to
be counter currently extracted with isopropyl ether (B) to reduce the acid concen-
tration to 2 % in the solvent free raffinate product, Determine:
(a) The minimum amount of solvent which can be used and
(b) The number of theoretical stages if 20,000 kg/h of solvent is used.
The equilibrium data are given below.
Water layer, wt % Isopropyl ether layer wt%
Wt% acetic acid 100x Water Isopropylehter Acetic acid 100y* Water Isopropylehter
0.69 98.1 1.2 0.18 0.5 99.3
1.41 97.1 1.5 0.37 0.7 98.9
2.89 95.5 1.6 0.79 0.8 98.4
6.42 91.7 1.9 1.93 1.0 97.1
13.30 84.4 2.3 4.82 1.9 93.3
25.50 71.1 3.4 11.40 3.9 84.7
36.70 58.9 4.4 21.60 6.9 71.5
44.30 45.1 10.6 31.10 10.8 58.1
46.40 37.1 16.5 36.20 15.1 48.7
[16]

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Code No: RR320801 Set No. 1
6. Explain Continuous-Countercurrent Decantation (CCD).

(a) with simple flow sheet

(b) flow sheet with intermediate agitation and filtration of washed solids.
[8+8]

7. Adsorption on 6×10mesh activate carbon is being considered to recover methyl

ethyl ketone from an air stream at 25deg C and 1 atm. The air flow is 12000m3 /
min. an the air has 0.40 kg MEK / 1000m3 .If the superficial velocity is 0.5m/s and
an absorption cycle of at least 8hr is desired. About what bed dimensions should
be used assume the bulk density of the carbon is 30Kg /m3 . [16]

8. (a) Derive the rate of adsorption in fixed beds?

(b) What are the factors determining rate of ion exchange? [10+6]

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Code No: RR320801 Set No. 2
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) A liquid mixture of

i. 50 mole% n-heptane
ii. and 50 mole% n-octane
were subjected to differential distillation at atmospheric pressure with 70
mole% of the liquid distilled. Compute the composition of the composite
distillate and the residue.
“x” 1.00 0.50 0.46 0.42 0.38 0.34 0.32 0.00
“y” 1.00 0.689 0.648 0.608 0.567 0.523 0.497 0.00

(b) What is relative volatility? How is it computed? [12+4]

2. Derive the relationship for the intersection of the operating lines corresponding
to the rectifying and stripping sections of distillation column for various thermal
conditions of the feed. [16]

3. An equimolar binary mixture of completely miscible components is to be separated

in a packed distillation column operated at atmospheric pressure. The relative
volatility is 1.2. The distillate product to be obtained should contain 95 mole%
of the more volatile component bottom product contains 5 mole % of the mole
volatile component. Compute for this case, the number of transfer units required
if the column is operated at total reflux. [16]

4. Write about the use of rectangular coordinates to describe the concentrations in

ternary systems. Also show how they can be used on solvent-free basis for two
partly miscible liquid pairs. [16]

5. (a) Describe the rotating disk contactor with a neat sketch.

(b) Discuss packed extraction tower with a neat sketch. [8+8]

6. Oil is to be extracted from meal by means of benzene using a continuous counter-

current extractor. The unit is to treat 1000 kg of meal (based on completely
exhausted solid) per hour. The untreated meal contains 365 kg of oil and 30 kg of
benzene. The fresh solvent mixture contains 14 kg of oil and 590 kg of benzene.
The exhausted solids are to contain 55 kg of unextracted oil. Experiments carried
out under conditions identical with those of the projected battery, show that the

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Code No: RR320801 Set No. 2
solution retained depends on the concentration of the solutions as follows.

Concentration 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

Kg oil / kg solution
Solution retained 0.500 0.505 0.515 0.530 0.550 0.571 0.595 0.620
Kg / kg solid.

Find the number of stages required. [16]

7. (a) Prove that for cross current two stage treatment of liquid solutions by contact
filtration, when the adsorption isotherm is linear, the least total adsorbent
results if the amount used in this stages are equal. Explain.
(b) Discuss about the effect of temperature and pressure on adsorption. [10+6]

8. Determine the required amount of activated carbon,

the depth of adsorbent bed and
the dia of the batch adsorber
for absorbing petrol vapor from its mixture with air. The rate of flow of vapor and
air mixture is 3450 m3 /hr.The initial concentration of petrol is C0 = .0.02 kg / m3
.The velocity of the vapor and air mixture is 0.23m /s. reduced to the total cross
section of the apparatus, the dynamic activity of the carbon relative to petrol is
7%(mass). The bulk density of the carbon is 500kg / m3 . The duration of the
desorption, drying and cooling of the adsorbent is 1.45hr. [16]

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Code No: RR320801 Set No. 3
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Generate X-Y and T-X-Y diagrams for an ideal solution of methanol-ethanol
system from the data given below:

Vapour pressure in mm Hg. 200 400 760 1520

T emperature0 C for ethanol 48.4 62.5 78.4 97.5
T emperature0 C for methanol 34.8 49.9 64.7 84

(b) Calculate and report the mean relative volatility for the above system.
[12+4]

2. Write short notes on

(a) Feed Tray location

(b) Optimum reflux ratio
(c) Stripping section in the distillation column
(d) Simple distillation. [4×4]

3. Discuss the use of OPEN STEAM in seperation processes and write the material
and enthalpy balances pertinent to the use of open steam. Assume Mecabe Thiole
method in valid. [16]

4. (a) What is plait point ? Estimate the number of degrees of freedom of the system
at the plait point?
(b) What is the effect of temperature on ternary equalibria? Explain with neat
sketch. [6+10]

5. Discuss continuous countercurrent multistage extraction and explain how it is

shown on a triangular chart. Indicate how the quantities and compositions of ex-
tract and raffinate are computed. For a given separation indicate how the number
of equilibrium stages required is found. [16]

6. Vegetable oil seeds containing 100 gm insoluble solid and 10 gm oil are contacted
with 200 gm of organic solvent in a single stage leaching operation. The solvent
used is fresh. Determine the amount of oil left in the oil seeds after the leaching.
The equilibrium data can be expressed as:

N = −4y + 8

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Code No: RR320801 Set No. 3
Where,

N = gm insoluble/(gm solvent + gm oil)

y = gm oil/(gm solvent + gm oil) in the seedphase
x = gm oil/(gm solvent + gm oil) in the solventphase.
The tie line data are:
y 0.26 0.28 0.31 0.34
x 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
[16]

7. (a) Explain the method of calculation for multistage counter current extraction
and use of Freundlich equation.
(b) Write briefly on single stage batch treatment of liquids in adsorption operation.
[10+6]

8. (a) Draw and explain the working principle involved in a Adsorber for solvent
vapor at high pressures ?
(b) Explain the term LUB? How do you calculate? [12+4]

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Code No: RR320801 Set No. 4
III B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What is distillation? Explain how it is different from other unit operations
used in chemical process industry.
(b) Write the Rayleighs equation for simple distillation.
(c) What are the assumptions made in deriving the above equation? [8+4+4]

2. (a) Define reflux and reflux ratio

(b) Explain the importance of reflux in a distillation column.
(c) How will you calculate the optimum reflux ratio? [4+6+6]

3. Discuss the use of OPEN STEAM in seperation processes and write the material
and enthalpy balances pertinent to the use of open steam. Assume Mecabe Thiole
method in valid. [16]

4. A feed solution containing 4000 kg of water and 20 kg of acetic acid is to be extracted

with benzene solvent to recover 80% acetic acid by weight. The equilibrium data
is :
gm acetic acid per kg water 0.920 1.140 1.525 2.04 3.29 5.23
gm acetic acid per kg benzene 1.020 1.620 2.910 5.35 20.10 36.0

Calculate:

(a) the number of cross-current stages required, if 1000 kg of benzene per stage is
used and
(b) the concentration of acetic acid in the combined extract. [16]

5. Phenol is extracted from phenol-water mixture containing water 8.0% w/w by pure
iso-amyl acetate as a solvent. The purified water must not contain phenol more
than 0.5 wt%. The extraction is to be carried out in continuous counter current
method.

(a) Find the minimum solvent to feed ratio.

(b) If 1.5 times the minimum ratio is used, find the number of stages required.

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Code No: RR320801 Set No. 4
Equilibrium data:

Phase I Phase II
Weight fraction Weight fraction
Phenol Acetate Phenol Acetate
0 0.994 0 0.0022
0.088 0.900 0.0025 0.0020
0.168 0.810 0.0050 0.0018
0.230 0.743 0.0085 0.0016
0.320 0.643 0.0165 0.0013
0.415 0.540 0.0252 0.0009
0.490 0.455 0.0308 0.0008
0.565 0.365 0.0425 0.0005
0.660 0.230 0.0570 0.0004
0.680 0.188 0.0595 0.0003
0.718 0.095 0.0685 0.0002
0.696 0 0.0880 0

[16]

6. (a) Explain different types of agitated vessels with neat sketches.

(b) With a neat sketch explain the working of Pachuca tank. [7+9]

7. Discuss the applications of Freundlich equation in

(a) Single stage operation

(b) Multistage cross current operation
(c) Multistage counter current operation [6+6+4]

8. (a) State the principles of ion exchange.

(b) Derive the equation to calculate the length of used bed. [6+10]

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