2

Introduction To Microprocessor and Microcomputers

Real-Addressed Mode software Architecture of the 80386DX Mic.
Assembly Language Programming
Real Mode 80386DX programming 1
Real Mode 80386DX programming 2
Protected-Mode Software Architecture of the 80386DX
The 80386DX Microprocessor and its Memory and I/O Interfaces
Memory Devices,Circuits, and subsystem Design
I/O Interface Circuits and LsI Peripheral Devices
Interrupt and Exception of the 80386 Microprocessor
The 80486 Microprocessor Family
The Pentium Processor Family

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References

THE 80386, 80486 AND PENTIUM

PROCESSORS
HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, AND
INTERFACING
WALTER A. TRIEBEL , PRENTICE
HALL ISBN: 0-13-533225-7

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 The 80x86 IBM PC and Compatible

Computers ( volume 2)
Muhammad Ali Mazidi Prentice-Hall,Inc
ISBN: 0-13-7584491-1
The intel Microprocessors
8088/8086,80186,80286,80386 &80486
Architecture, Programming and
Interfacing
Barry B.Brey
3

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 16 Bit and 32 Bit Microprocessor

Architecture, software and Hardware
Interfacing Techniques
Singh, Triebel
IBM PC Assembly Language and
Programming, Peter Abel

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%50
%50

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:1971 4004
4
12 ( 4KB )
45
)50 KIPS ( 750 KH
:1971 8008
8
14 ( 16KB )
48
)50 KIPS ( 750 KH
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4004

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 : 1973 8080
8
16 ( 64KB )
48
( )500 KIPS
8008
:1977 8080 ( 8085 )
8
16 ( 64KB )
246
( )769 KIPS
Z-80, TMS9900, 6800
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1978 8086 1979 8088

16 ( 8 ) 8088
20 ( 1MB )
20000
)5/2 MIPS( 750 KH

8( 6809)

1983 80286
16
24 ( 16MB )
20000
( )4 KIPS
16( 68000)

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32-bit Microprocessor
Intel 80386 and 80486
4G-byte memory in 386 and 4K cache in 486
Memory management unit (MMU)
Build-in math coprocessor in 486

Motorola 68020/68030/68040
4G-byte memory + 256 (68030)/8K (68040) cache
MMU in 68030/68040
Build-in math coprocessor in 68040

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32-bit Microprocessors
Intel Pentium, Pentium II ~ 4

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1,200,000

Parameters

4004
(1971)

70

50

60

33

40

16
10

20
10

Clock speed (MHz)

50

80

30

6,500

4,500

10,000

1,000

130,000

29,000

100,000

2,300
0.74

Number of transistors

Clock speed (MHz)

275000

Transistors
1,000,000

3,100,000
66

10,000,000

8080
(1974)

8085 8086/8088 80286

(1976) (1978) (1980)

80386
(1986)

80486 Pentium
(1988) (1993)

Evolution of the Intel microprocessors.

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 INT INTA

OP

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PC

ALU

SP

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 ALU

AND, OR, EX-OR

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D/A

I/o

RAM

ROM

CPU

A/D

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21

HALT

RESET

HALT
RESET
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23

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 8085

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 8088/8086

BIU

EU

IP

6 8086
4 8088
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ALU
IP

25

26

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 8088 8086
A19

A19

A8

A16
BHE

AD7
8
AD0
RD
WR
IO/M

8088

AD15
16
AD0

RD
WR
M/IO

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8086
6

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29

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Intel 80286

33

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80386SX Block Diagram

34

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Intel 80286 & 80386 pinout

35

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Intel 4004
2,250 transistors
10.0 microns

www.intel.com
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Intel Pentium II
7.5 million transistors
2Microprocesser0.3 microns

80286

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Why study assembly language (ASM)?

Translating Language
English: Display the sum of A times B plus C.

C++: cout << (A * B + C);

Intel Machine Language
A1 00000000
F7 25 00000004
03 05 00000008
E8 00500000

Intel Assembly
MOV
MUL
ADD
CALL
48

eax,A
B
eax,C
WriteInt
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Why study assembly language (ASM)?

High-Level Language

Level 5

Assembly Language

Level 4

Operating System

49

Level 3

Instruction Set
Architecture

Level 2

Microarchitecture

Level 1

Digital Logic

Level 0

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