ANALOG MOS INTEGRATED CIRCUITS Desi Manag Aptos FOR SIGNAL PROCESSING ators: Robert A Johnson aad Gorge Scemirma Mechanical Filters in lctonis Reber 4 Joheon LC-Fiters: Design Testing, and Manufacturing rich Chron FOUBIK GREGORIAN sierra Semiconductor Analog MOS Integrated Circus for Signal Processing San Jose, Caiforia ‘Roubik Gregorian and Gabor C. Tomes GABOR ©. TEMES Department of Electical Engineering University of California, Los Angeles [A Wiley-intersclence Publication JOHN WILEY & SONS. NewYork Chichester Brisbane Toronto SingaporeCopy © 196 J Wie Sons. I A rene, Pied sma a Cana Repodon wat fay par his wk ‘ond tht permite y Secon oo Toke {Ste Unie! Sts Copa Ac tat te permis Sie cnet it Ref {Se Pemos Depart en Wey & So, Livery of Congr Cali iain Date “Rleg MOS mete ey fo spl penn SR Wey ners pbtiton~ pean feo Men one one Te To our wives, i Temes and Agnes Gregorian, in gratitude for ther patience and helpSERIES PREFACE ‘The primary chjctve ofthe Wiley Series Oa Filters ist bring together theory and Industral prasioe in series of volumes written for iter users a well 3s ‘hose involved in filler design and manufacturing. Alvhough thi isa iicul task, the authors in this eras are well qualified fr the job. Tey bring both sHrong academic credentials and many Yeas of industrial experience to thei books. They have all designed ter, have been involved in manufacturing, ind have had experince in interacting with the titer user ach ofthe hooks covers a wide range of subjects including filter specifi tions, design, theory, parts and materials, maraactoring. tuning, texting, specie applications, and help in using the fier in ccut, The books also provide @ broad view of each sujet based on the auth’ own work and frvolvement with filer experts from around the word "The most oustanding feature ofthis serie isthe broad audience of fier turers and users, which it addresses This includes fer research and development engincss, fer designers, and. material specialist, a well as industri, quality contol and sales engineers. On the ater use’ sd, the books are of help t0 the crcl designer, the system engineer, as well as applications reliability, and component Lest experts, and spastietons and Standards engineers Roose A. Jounsow Groner SersrisensPREFACE The purpose of this book sto describe the operating principles of analog MOS integrated circuits and to teach the reader how to dexgn and whe such crits, [Examples ofthese devices include svitched-cpacito ters, analog-to-igital and digitao-analog converters, amplifiers, modulators, osilators, and 9 9 ‘The main eraphais son the phsial operation and on the design proces. 1s hoped tht the hook wil be used as 8 senior: of gradutedeve txt i the lecical engineering curioolam of universities and also as taining asd feference material or india ict designers, To increase the useful of the book asa text fr classroom teaching, numerous problems ae isluded at the end ofeach chapter: these problems may be used for homework assign ‘ments To enhance its value ay + design reference, tables and numerical design examples are include to clay the step-by-step process involved. The Hest three chapters provide a cones, hasiclevel and (4s hope) clear description of the general properties of analog MOS integrated ieuts, and the required background in mathematics and Senjcondistor device physi. The remainder fof the book is devoted to the design of the seta creuts, the practical Problems encountered and thie solutions, and some examples of stem Spplications "This book evolved froma set of lecture notes written originally for shor. courses presented seve tines annually since 179 inthe United States nd in Western Europe both asa publi offering at UCLA, the Fedral lastiute of ‘Technology of Switerand, the Univers of Sig, and so on, and as 39 inchouse taining cours for high-technology semiconductor, communication, tnd computer companies, fered through the Coatinuing Eatin Insite ‘Low Angeles, Late, this material formed the isi of » graduate course tered om analog MOS integrated circuits at UCLA. The organization of the ‘material was therefore inftuenced by the need to make the presentation suitable for audiences of widely varying backgrounds. Hence, we tried t0 mabe the book reasonably selieontaned, and the presentation is atthe simplest lve alflorded by the topics discussed Only limited amount of preparation wae "assumed onthe part ofthe reader: mathematics oa the junior level, and ee to introductory level courses in letonics and semicondclor phys ae the ‘minimum requirements.“The origi of the book also influenced the dtl choice ofits subject snater. Since the original short couree Was intended to tn indus en tincers i the design ef aalog MOS stcuits, the theoretical topics dncused ‘kere restricted to the minimum needed for the prc design proces. Also in those situations where 4 number of design techniques wore avaible 10 accomplish 9 given task. we deseribed only the one that was most extensively tenn practical applications. Hence many ingenious and elective desig procedures were ignored oth authors have had considerable ndusral experienc and also extensive teaching background. We hope tht this experience is delectable in Our Approach tothe tresnient of our subject. "The hoch conti eight chapers. Chapter 1 gies a hase introduction to switchdheapictor Gcuts, compares tbe analog MOS ciicuis with ter Signal processce implementations, and describe (bt doesnot expain in any ‘et some typical applications. This material ean he covered im ome lecture {vorhour lectures are assumed ere and thoughout this preface. (Chapter 2 deserves the Laplae. Fourier, and =ransforms and introduces the important sto. transformations needed vo desi a sampled-data sstem from ao analog “model.” Depending onthe mathematical background othe stunts. this mateial may require to to tyes tworbour lectures. ‘Chapies 3 ves a brief deserption of the physics of MOS devices, diseusses the lmarized models of MOSFETs, and’ desehes MOS capacitors and ssvitches. The technology usd to fabricate MOS devies i also briefly de feribed. Once apn. depending on the askground ofthe audience S40 or ‘hee lctures should suffice to cover the contet of this chapter ‘Chapter 4 duces the cet design techniques fr teazing MOS oper- ational ampli. The most common sir coatguations a well a5 their ‘design and limitations, are included, and a devgn example is worked tn detail. Complete coverage of all topics inthis chapter requires about five itor; this time ean be duced by resting the discussions, faving out some specialized subjets sich as those scused in Sections 10, 4.11 and ‘113, and assigning the design example for reading. Chapter 5 dals with sultehed-apactor iter design and hence represents \he fecal point of the book. AS already mentioned. the desgh techniques tisussed fre esrced tothe “minsream” ones: thse that have been most thoroughly ested in practical applicaons. The design of the two commonly used confguations cascade and laler crisis discussed detail and ilustrated with a numerical design example Some special ecu, such 96 Switched-capacior Ncpath flrs and simblated-eistor active RC iter, ate also describe. A fll eeverage ofa topics i ths chapter needs about five Tectures: by omiting Sections 5.8 and 3.8, this rater can be reduced to three Chapter 6 deals with nonfitering applications of switched capacitor its Sueh important circuits as voltage amplifier, digitlLosanalog and analog - Signal cooverters, comparators, mesulators, and osilators are discussed on fan intrductory level complete coverage ofall opie my require fo prerece a ecu: an be presen in go Ist i he detailed desions of Sections 62 and 6s ae condensed cee tonaina deta dscson of the fondle ocung in oe pace crete This material of uumost ingatance to the SEEMS aigner af paces and Rene (in spite fs seemingly aa et man) should be covered Test bi enn an unde aaa eee snus soul be sant for + bit prea Chapter dices Some of the stems aspects of anilog MOS signal (rae shits he ws in Commerc incprated stems. The Ht ao ee dat wh the peice and pone esiemeatsof rea Af0S cca seule dessa nthe casroom. The remainder of aa ies aecach ons deve ee sme pete applictons ad an a se ening Hence the fate in this chapter mi) De tra ed intone of to ares depending on how the application examples te weated Spending on the depth ofthe psetaton, the fall overage ofl ral he book may rege many a 28 two hau eas a Fe as aan scons (cha a sho couse oa taining cv) the rose ee ea fay ben ore nf ay 9h i str ors pet da. mpi Moat a to ou eles Drs DUXEYa, S.C. Fan, B. Fathi B annie ses. Marin, T Catto and WE, Orchard, a wll sour cone, ner sents JN, Baber, F. Dunlap, T. Hos. Me, JB, Shyu and F.. Wang or dacusions review and rom, Nest Lite dime vine tsk was done BY Ms Loci Loberman. We are tu fr her ctl and pakeg help. The artwork was done (excel Ey Me Kayan Abana of he Deparmet of lec Engine wey GEL tase but ot las we would ke to expres our rade tot ‘Chester gas slonng neh daring the wnsing of his work Rovank Garaosas ‘Gavor ©. Tots on ange calor