Persidangan Jurutera Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia 2011 27 30 Mei 2011

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2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Pengenalan Kenapa perlunya OSHA 1994? Peraturan dibawah OSHA 1994 Liabiliti-Liabiliti OSHA 1994 General Duties of Employers, Self-Employed & Employees Penyakit Pekerjaan, Hazad, Risiko & Danger Jenis-Jenis Penyakit Pekerjaan Jenis-Jenis Hazad di Tempat Kerja Punca-Punca Hazad Langkah-Langkah Keselamatan & Kesihatan Kesimpulan
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

1890 1892 1908

1913 1932 1953 1967 1994

: The Perak Order In Council. : Selangor Boiler Enactment. : Negeri Melayu Bersekutu dikuatkuasa oleh Perak Order Council. : Machinery Enactment of 1913. : Machinery Enactment of 1932 dibawah Jabatan Mineral. : The Machinery Ordinance dikuatkuasa. : Akta Kilang & Jentera : Akta Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan (Occupational Safety & Health Act ) 1994.

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

AKTA KILANG & JENTERA (FMA), 1967 Peruntukan bagi mengawal kilang dari perkaraperkara yang berkiatan dengan keselamatan, kesihatan & kebajikan pekerja; Pendaftaran & pemeriksaan jentera serta segala kelengkapan yang berkaitan dengannya.
Aspek (FMA 1967): Orang yang kompeten; Penyenggaraan & pemeriksaan serta ujian Jentera dan Pepasangan; Kelulusan bagi Jentera berbahaya (berperakuan); Kelulusan bagi pemasangan Jentera.
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Bertujuan membuat peruntukan bagi: Memastikan KESELAMATAN, KESIHATAN & KEBAJIKAN pekerja, Melindungi keselamatan atau kesihatan orang lain selain daripada pekerja yang berada ditempat kerja; Mempromosikan persekitaran pekerjaan yang bersesuaian dengan kehendak fizikal & mental pekerja; Mewujudkan satu kaedah ke arah sistem perundangan berdasarkan peraturan dan tata-amalan industri.
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Merangkumi semua orang di tempat kerja:

Dalam semua aktiviti-aktiviti ekonomi termasuk

perkhidmatan awam dan pihak berkuasa

Dikecualikan bagi pasukan bersenjata (tentera)

dan diatas kapal

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

PART I - PRELIMINARY PART II - APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS PART III - NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH PART IV - GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS AND SELF-EMPLOYED PERSONS PART V - GENERAL DUTIES OF DESIGNERS, MANUFACTURAERS AND SUPPLIERS PART VI - GENERAL DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES PART VII- SAFETY AND HEALTH ORGANISATION PART VIII- NOTIFICATION OF ACCIDENTS, DANGEROUS OCCURRENCE OCCUPATIONAL POISONING AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AND INQUIRY PART IX - PROHIBITON AGAINST USE OF PLANT OR SUBSTANCE PART X - INDUSTRY CODES OF PRACTICE PART XI - ENFORCEMENT AND INVESTIGATION PART XII- LIABILITY FOR OFFENCES PART XIII- APEALS PART XIV- REGULATIONS PART XV- MISCELLANEOUS
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

1.

Polisi Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan

Seksyen 16 terpakai kepada tiap-tiap Majikan dan tiap-tiap orang

yang bekerja sendiri kecuali mereka yang menjalankan sesuatu perusahaan dengan tidak lebih daripada 5 orang pekerja. Komitmen, keperihatinan, pembangunan program, aktiviti/prosedur kerja dan proses membuat keputusan

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Jawatankuasa Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan

Mempunyai 40 orang atau lebih pekerja
<100 orang (Pengerusi, Setiausaha dgn minima 2 wakil pekerja & 2 wakil pengurusan) >100 orang (Pengerusi, Setiausaha dgn minima 4 wakil pekerja & 4 wakil pengurusan)

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Pengelasan, Pembungkusan & Pelabelan Bahan Kimia;

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

4. 5. 6.

Pengelasan, Pembungkusan & Pelabelan Bahan Kimia; Penggunaan & Standard Pendedahan Kimia Berbahaya; Laporan Kemalangan, Kejadian Bahaya & Penyakit Pekerjaan (NADOPOD)

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Constitutional Provisions Federal Provisions

Major Laws on Occupational Safety and Health Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994 (Act 514) Factories & Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139) Petroleum Act (Safety Measures) 1984 (Act 302)

Laws related to Occupational Safety and Health

Employment Act 1955 (Act 265) Labor Ordinance of Sarawak (Amendment) Act 2005 (Act A1237) Labor Ordinance of Sabah (Amendment) Act 2005 (Act A1238) Children and Young Persons (Employment) Act 1966 (Act 350) Employees Provident Fund Act 1991 (Act 452) Employees Social Security Act 1969 (Act 4) Workmens Compensation Act 1952 (Act 273) Workers Minimum Standards of Housing and Amenities Act 1990 (Act 446) Wages Council Act 1947 (Act 195) Human Resource Development Berhad Act 2001 (Act 612) Industrial Relations Act 1967 (Act 177) Employment Information Act 1953 (Act 159) Private Employment Agencies Act 1981 (Act 246) Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127) Atomic Energy Licensing Act 1984 (Act 304) Gas Supply Act 1993 (Act 501) Fire Services Act 1988 (Act 341) Uniform Building by Laws 1984 Electricity Supply Act 1990 (Act 447) Pesticides Act 1974 (Act 149)

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

First Aid Facilities in Workplace. 2. OSH in the Office 3. OSH in Tunnel Construction 4. Classification of Hazardous Chemicals. 5. Labeling of Hazardous Chemicals 6. Formulation of CSDS 7. Preparation of Chemical Register 8. Codes of Practice on Safe Working in Confined Space 9. Code of Practice on Prevention & Management of HIV/AIDS at Workplace 10. Code of Practice : Indoor Air Quality 11. Industrial Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality
1.
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Offences Failure to comply with improvement & prohibition notice Duty of employers/selfemployed Formulation of written OSH Policy Duty of designers/manufacturers/ supplies etc (plant/substance) Duty of employee Duty of employees (intereference or misuse)

Section 48

Penalties RM50,000 or 5 years jail or both

15 16 20 & 21

RM50,000 or 5 years jail or both RM50,000 or 5 years jail or both RM20,000 or 2 years jail or both

24 25

RM1,000 or 3 months jail or both RM20,000 or 2 years jail or both

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Offences

Section

Penalties

Discrimination against employee by employer or union

Medical surveillance Duty to employ competent Safety and Health Officer Duty to form Safety and Health Committee Disclosure of manufacturing or commercial secret Failure to comply with any other part of the act or any of the regulations made thereunder

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28 29 30 67 51

RM10,000 + damages + reinstatement or 1 year or both

RM5,000 or 6 months or both RM5,000 or 6 months or both RM5,000 or 6 months or both RM20 ,000 or 2 years jail or both RM10,000 or 1 year or both plus daily for continuing offence after conviction

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

So far as is practicable
Provide and maintain plant and safe system of work; Make arrangements for the safe use, operation,

handling, storage and transportation of substance and plant; Provide information, instruction, training and supervision; Provide and maintain place work and means of access to and egress from any place of work; Provide and maintain working environment that is safe and without health risk and with adequate welfare facilities.
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

1.

Formulate written statement of his policy on OSH; Conduct undertaking in such manner not to affect other persons not his employees; Provide information to other persons on ways his undertaking may effect them

2.

3.

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

1.

To take reasonable care to avoid injury to themselves or to others by their work activities.
To cooperate with employers and others in meeting statutory requirements. Not to interfere with or misuse anything provide to protect their safety, health or welfare in compliance with the act. Is protected from being discriminated or injured or has his position altered on his disadvantage.
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

2.

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OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE: any disease caused by or due to activities or environmental factors at the work place. HAZARD: a hazard is anything that can cause harm (e.g : chemicals, electricity, working at height etc) RISK: Risk is the chance or probability of harm actually being done DANGER: Is the relative exposure to the hazard. A hazard may be present but there may be a little danger because of control measures taken.

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Penyakit Paru-Paru Pekerjaan (Occupational Lung Diseases); Penyakit Kulit Pekerjaan (Occupational Skin Diseases); Penyakit Otot Rangka (Musculoskeletal Diseases); Penyakit Sistem Kardiovaskular (Cardiovascular System Diseases); Penyakit Sistem Pembiakan (Reproductive System Diseases); Penyakit Sistem Saraf Pusat (Central Nervous System Diseases); Penyakit Berkaitan Bangunan (Building Related Illness); Penyakit Hati (Liver Disease); Penyakit Ginjal (Renal Disease); Penyakit Psikiatri/Gangguan Kesihatan Mental (Psychiatrics Disease/Mental Health Disturbance); 11. Penyakit Kanser Pekerjaan (Occupational Cancers).
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Logam Gas Pelarut Racun Serangga/herba/roden/kulat Hilang Pendengaran Akibat Kebisingan Gegaran Suhu Radiasi Tekanan (Hiperbaric & Hipobaric) Agen Berpenyakit/Penyakit Pekerjaan Berjangkit
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Hazad Fizikal
Suhu Terlampau Mekanikal Gegaran Kebisingan

Chemical Hazard
Asid/Alkali Gas Anastasia

Pelarut
Bahan Disinfeksi Ubat Sitotoksik

Electrikal
Radiasi

Tekanan (Hipobaric/Hiperbaric) Pengcahayaan

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Hazad Biological
Virus Bakteria

Hazad Ergonomik
Pergerakan Berulang (Repetitive

Protozoa
Fungus Plasmodium

Motion) Tiada Pergerakan (Static Motion) Mengangkat Berat (Lifting Weight) Kecederaan otot rangka (Musculoskeletal Injury) Unit Paparan Visual (Visual Display Unit)

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Hazad Psikososial
Stress Pekerjaan

(Occupational Stress) Depresi, kerisauan (Depression, anxiety disorder) Ketagihan dadah/Ubat (Drugs & substance addiction) Penderaan Seksual (sexual harassment)

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Manusia
Machinery Materials

Unsafe act
Installation, layout and design of equipment Substances such as chemicals and gases use in the workplace

Method
Media

The way people carry out their work

Workplace condition i.e. air quality, ventilation, lighting, noise, vibration etc.
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

 Membentuk satu dasar (polisi) keselamatan dan kesihatan secara bertulis; Menubuhkan satu Jawatankuasa Keselamatan & Kesihatan Pekerjaan (JKKP) yang merangkumi wakil pengurusan (top management) dan wakil pekerja; Memberi latihan pekerja dalam aspek keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan secara berjadual; Menyediakan buku panduan keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan untuk semua kakitangan;
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

 Menyediakan prosedur kerja selamat bagi aktiviti yang berisiko tinggi;

Memeriksa dan memantau keadaan tempat kerja dengan menggunakan senarai semak (checklist) dari semasa ke semasa;
Mengadakan Pelan Tindakan Kecemasan (Emergency Response Plan ERP);

Menubuhkan dan melatih Pasukan Tindakan Kecemasan (Emergency Response Team ERT);
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

 Mempertingkatkan kekemasan (housekeeping) tempat kerja Susunatur kelengkapan pejabat dengan baik; Menyediakan peraturan keselamatan dan kesihatan serta penguatkuasaan; Menyediakan laluan yang mencukupi; Mengadakan peralatan (mekanikal) untuk mengangkat beban yang bersesuaian di tempat kerja;
Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

 Menyenggara peralatan dan mesin; Menghantar kakitangan untuk pemeriksaan kesihatan atau kaunseling; Memberi latihan dan induksi kepada kakitangan baru dan lama secara berterusan; dan

Mendapatkan komitmen yang sepenuhnya daripada majikan dan pekerja.

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

Pematuhan kepada Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan (OSHA) 1994 adalah tanggungjawab semua pihak samada majikan, pekerja atau sesiapa yang berada di tempat kerja didalam memastikan tahap KESELAMATAN dan KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN ditempat kerja adalah optimum.

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia

TERIMA KASIH

Engineering Services Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia