GROUP ASSIGNMENT 1:

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF AN ENGINEER RELATED TO

SAFETY AND HEALTH IN THE REAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT

SEMESTER 1
SESSION 2019/2020

COURSE CODE BDA 31302

COURSE NAME OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH (OSH)

FACULTY OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING

FACULTY ENGINEERING (FKMP)
MUHAMMAD ASHRAF BIN ZAIDIN (CD180107)
SYAZWAN HAZIQ BIN ZULKURNAIN (CD160115)
FAIZ RAFFIUDDIN BIN REDZUAN (CD170125)
STUDENT’S NAME & SITI SYAHIDA BINTI ZAINAL AZIM (CD160017)
MATRIC NUMBER WONG XIN YI (AD170226)
MUHAMMAD FAIRUZFIRDAUS BIN YUSOF (CD180148)

SECTION 3

LECTURER’S NAME PROF. MADYA DR. MUSTAFFA BIN HAJI IBRAHIM

DATE OF SUBMIT 30 NOVEMBER 2019

 TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT PAGE

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

2.0 ROLES OF AN ENGINEER IN THE FIELD OF

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH RELATED TO:

2.1 SAFETY AND HEALTH ISSUES AND COUNTERMEASURES 2

USING HIRARC METHOD

2.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT 3

2.3 PUBLIC INTEREST AND SOCIETAL IMPACT 4

2.4 ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR 5

2.5 SOCIO CULTURE 6

2.6 IDENTIFYING THE MORAL ISSUES 6

3.0 DISCUSSION AND SUGGESTIONS 8-9

4.0 CONCLUSION 10

5.0 REFERENCES 11

6.0 APPENDICES i-xxix

2
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Rapid economic growth via industrialization has given not only a significant impact in
terms of income distributions and quality of life, but it also effected in increasing number of
accidents at workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in Malaysia has evolved
from the prescribed Factories and Machinery Act (FMA) 1967 to the Self-regulated
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) 1994 and the Environmental Quality Act (1974).
As well as legal ramifications, if a workplace lacks of management control of Occupational
safety and health (OSH) rules, it can lead the accidents to occur at the workplace. The purpose
of this study is to identify different stakeholder groups who have a wide range of needs for
safety and health, to determine ethical behaviour and accountability to society, and to
investigate ethical issues and environmental aspect.
For this project, we choose Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad as research to investigate the
roles and the responsibilities of engineering graduates related to safety and health in the real
working environment that are relevant Occupational Safety and Health Act (1994) and
Environmental Quality Act (1974). The phase of the project involves interviewing where we
have interviewed Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim, from Occupational Safety, Health and
Environment (OSHE) Department Officer of the company. The company was founded in 1972
as a timber trading and veneer manufacturing company and it is headquartered in Batu Pahat,
Malaysia. Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad produces and sells engineered wood-based products
in the United States, Africa, Europe, the Far East Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and South
East Asia. The company offers medium density fiberboards (MDF) for use in various
applications, including furniture, speaker boxes, and doors; and particleboards for use in veneer,
high or low pressure laminates, melamine, and paper overlays, as well as used as a principal
material in the construction of homes and office furniture, shelving and kitchen cabinets, and
commercial and institutional fixtures. It also provides furniture products and a range of value-
added products, such as engineered flush doors, melamine laminated boards, paper/PVC
overlay MDFs, direct print boards, coated/embossed MDFs, knock down furniture products,
HDF molded door skins, and veneered laminated boards. Furthermore, it operates as a planter,
cultivator, and buyer of rubber and various kind of produce of the soil, provides warehouse and
logistics services, trades in and manages plantation, wholesales and trades in furniture products,
distributes household products made of rubber wood, and deals in sawn-logs, as well as
cultivates rubber trees. Evergreen's comprehensive range of upstream & downstream products
has set the trend around the world.

1
2.0 ROLES OF AN ENGINEER IN THE FIELD OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND
HEALTH RELATED TO:
2.1 Safety and Health Issues and Countermeasures Using HIRARC Method

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) have become
fundamental to the practice of planning, management and the operation of a business as a basic
of risk management. HIRARC is the basis method used in OSH to practice in the working place.
HIRARC is a compound word consisting of three consecutive runs of activities. These
activities include hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control. Hazard identification
(HI) is the identification of adverse events leading to hazardous substances and the possible
mechanisms by which these adverse events may occur. Risk assessment (RA) is the process of
assessing the hazard to safety and health risks at work. Risk Control (RC) is a method for
reducing inherent risks or managing risks. HIRARC is an integrated tool for identifying,
assessing or measuring and controlling the hazards and risks of any workplace and its activities.
The implementation of HIRARC will help reduce and control the likelihood of accidents in the
industry. This practice is carried out by the organization and aims to continuously improve the
occupational safety and health management system. The flowchart of HIRARC process
consists 4 simple steps which included classify work activities, identify the hazard, conduct a
risk assessment that analyse and estimate risk by calculating or estimating using likelihood of
occurrence and severity of hazard as well as decide if the risk is tolerable and apply control
measures if necessary.

In this project, we choose Evergreen Fibreboard Bhd as our selected industry to study
the occupational safety and health of an industry. Thus, the possibility of risks and dangers in
the industry are higher due to the use of machines. Based on the interview session, Mr. Mohd
Isa Bin Ibrahim had mentioned a few hazards occur in the industry. The source of hazard must
be identified in order to prevent accidents happen. Hazards can be classified into physical
hazards, chemical hazards, ergonomic hazards, psychosocial hazards and biological hazards.
The hazard mainly occurs in the factory is physicals hazards. One of the hazards is rotating
machine parts without guarding for MDF Refiner which will let exposed chain and sprockets
may draw in body parts during maintenance. Therefore, risk analysis is conducted which is
taking off the Fixed Guarding. The recommended control such as installing Fixed Guarding,
train every affected worker on the awareness of the existing hazard and write a warning
signboard.

2
2.2 Environmental Aspect

Everything that is around can be considered as the environment whether it be living or

non-living things. All living things are constantly interacting while also adapting themselves
to the conditions of their environment. Through the advancement of technologies and
machining which improves the living accessibility and lifestyle of human being, the one
element that should never be forgotten is definitely the environment. Hence, the environmental
aspect is an element of an organisation's activities, products, and services that related to the
environment. The environment impact will cause more pollution if companies do not concern
themselves with the proper ways to dispose of their unwanted waste. That is why laws and acts
such as the Environmental Quality Act 1974 was erected in order to prevent the pollution of
the environment reaches a dire level of irreversible effect. The Environmental Quality Act 1974
is an act that is related to prevent, abate, control of pollution and also the enhancement of the
environment and any connected purposes it upholds. The environment affects the health status
directly while playing a major role in quality of life, years of healthy living and disparities.
Proper waste management especially by companies related to manufacturing and production
will help in keeping a proper environment for younger generations.

According to Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim, the aspect of environment and budget has
always been on a standstill since the beginning as high allocation of budget is required in order
to properly maintain a better environment surrounding the factory. From the year of 2002, the
handling of the company in regards to environment was very weak as it was reported to have a
thick layer of shredded wood dust on the road surrounding the factory. However as of now, a
routine shift of handling the shredded wood are properly managed and thus overcoming the
said problem. Furthermore, the removal of fumes was handled in close observation where the
time allocated for the removal of fumes are of only 15 minutes and are supervised by the
Department of Environment using systematic program. In addition, the location of the factory
was not in accordance to the law where it must be at least 500 metres away from unrelated
establishments. This problem was raised from the later erecting of the said establishment where
they did not follow the act related to this matter. Furthermore, while working with woods, the
environment are exposed to noise pollution. The highest level of the chipper is 101db but the
exposure limit is 90db. In order to overcome said problem, the machinery of the chipper are
enclosed and thus managed to be reduce to the range of 85db to 96db.

3
2.3 Public Interest and Societal Impact

For the aspect of public interest, all the engineer involved and Occupational Safety,
Health and Environment Department (OSHE) play a vital and imperative role such as ensure
the safety and health of the work place and free risks issuing from work activities and
environment as well by creating continuous, comprehensive and integrated awareness among
employees. In this case, it is to ensure that all the workers are prevented from injury or health
hazards due to work activities being carried out in industry by ensuring the quality of working
time and the employer’s survival in industrial activities. They functioned as a platform to voice
out the public comment regarding current law or standard which gazette by the government or
certain body of government such as ministry. OSHE functioned to collect feedback or comment
in written and verbal form which involved the society as there are huge population of people
which involved themselves in industry field whereby the rapid developments in industrial
sector. Basically, OSHE functioned to propose the feedback and comment which collected
from the public and administrating, managing and discuss the matters with the legislation body
involved. Meanwhile, the engineers are required to enhance and improvise the Standard
Operation Procedure (SOP) to reduce industrial accidents and at the same time prevent
occupational diseases based on public feedback in the same time the safety and health factor
are included as well. For the instance, the OSHE officer of Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad will
make a report after received public feedback subsequently deals with the engineer in order to
take further action by installing the filter devices in the chimneys part. Thus, it is vital for the
company provides a working environment which is conducive to the employees, to develop
their management system for business functions, ranging from quality and environment to
safety, information security and social responsibility among the local community.

In the aspect of societal impact, the company, OSHE and engineer have a responsibility
in terms of social in order always to consider whether the activities undergo are bringing
advantages to the society or not excluding the profit in business aspect. Thus, a positive
relationship in between the company with the society will be created in the same time for the
company continue to develop their business. For example, the engineer in Evergreen
Fibreboard Berhad can design and determine some product which useful to the society even
with the small benefit from business aspect in order to provide good societal impact.

4
2.4 Ethical Behaviour

Ethical behaviour is the application of ethical principles in specific situations. It means

acting in accordance with the ethical standards set by the society in which we live. Ethical
behaviour can be identified in personal relationships and work relationships. This concept can
also be applied as an entity to a company. It assesses the moral implications of the actions taken
in each of the aforementioned environments. Ethical behaviour is essential to the proper
functioning of society. Individuals who act unethically often lose the confidence of others and
their unethical behaviour should also be punished by law.

Besides, ethical behaviour is one of the elements contribute to a good safety culture. A
society or an environment where the people are behaving discipline, moral and integral, it could
help society better as all of them are interacting with each other under harmonic and blame-
free environment. As an employer or senior engineer, we must treat employees equally because
it has a large impact on the mood and way of thinking of employees. A right action of the
employer could make the working environment better as it could make the employees feel
comfortable and relieve stress. For the employees, they should obey the rules and regulations
enforced by the management. Discipline and good behaviour are critical to a safe environment.
If there is no good relationship between employees and with employers, there will be stress,
blame, selfishness and inefficiency.

In addition, Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim mentioned that Occupational Safety and Health
is very important. One of the issues that happen recently is the worker had a serious cut on her
hand during the process of ‘cut to size’. This is due to the wrong direction of cutting toward
the product by the worker and the fact that the worker cannot start the process herself without
her partner. The accident was also caused by her late partner who came to work. After that, the
workers were analysed and appropriate actions were taken. Workers need to wait for the
instruction from the supervisor before doing anything. Besides, workers do not maintain the
personal protection equipment while doing any works. It is not supposed to be done by the
workers as there is more exposure to the risk.

5
2.5 Socio Culture

Socio culture is defined as the involvement of 2 aspects that are social and cultural. It
involves customs or lifestyles that characterize a certain society or even group. The cultural
aspects revolved around the concepts of education, law, technology or social organization
whereas social aspects revolving around the concept of family, role and status in society and
many more. The socio culture of a certain community is mainly influenced by the mind-set of
the leader in charge of that community.

For this case, the socio culture of the company, Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad, it is
mainly influenced by the management board of the company. The management board or the
administration of the company are able to influence the system of how the company run.
According to the Occupational Safety, Health and Environment Department Officer of
Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad, Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim, in the manufacturing department,
the company focuses mainly on the safety of the workers where many unwanted accidents may
happen. That is why they instil strongly within the workers the importance and knowledge of
safety precautions. The workers are to follow a series of safety procedures before begin
handling the machinery they are assigned to.

6
2.6 Identifying the Moral Issues

Moral are known as a principles or practice with respect to correct or wrong behavior.
It is defined on how the things should undergo based on certain individuals’ ideas and
principles. Moral are based on how someone was being raised by their parents and it is difficult
to alter and give some impact on someone’s moral. In the perspective of workplace, there might
be some moral issues happened among the employees subsequently possible to lead to risks.

According to the Occupational Safety, Health and Environment Department Officer of

Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad, Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim, the moral issues happened in their
industry is some of the operators are not aware their personal safety. The operators are not
practice or not obeying the rules and regulations that had been set by the management level
whereby all the operator must well equip the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and ensure
both hands are free of accessories such as ring and watches. Also, the neckless are not allowed
as well in order to prevent the accessories being pulled by the cutting machine during operation
process and consequently will cause the permanent defect of the body part such as broken
finger. Therefore, the role of engineers in ethical countermeasures is to address occupational
safety and health training or seminars by providing comprehensive and complete information
about the purpose of personal protective equipment in the workstation. This training can
directly increase the level of awareness of the employees about their safety by putting their
safety and health as a priority at first on the spot.

Besides, the moral issue that also might occurred in the manufacturing sector is there
are some of the machine operators are not paying serious attention and concentration on their
working. Some of the high risks job scope which involving machining such as cutting process
will cause the operator in hazards if the operators are not paying fully concentration. Therefore,
the role of an engineer is to solve the moral issues whereby the rules and regulations of the
company should be highly enforced. So, the operator who oppose the provisions shall be guilty
of an offence and shall on conviction, be liable to a fine else sack from employment.

It is obviously shown that the moral issues in industrial sector might exposed the
workers to the risks or hazards. Thus, the engineers play an imperative role in identifying the
moral issues that might happened in factory which subsequently might bring risks to the
workers involved. At the same time, all the engineers should come out with countermeasure in
order to settle the moral issues so that all the employees able to work in safe and healthy
working environment.

7
3.0 DISCUSSION AND SUGGESTION

In manufacturing environment, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is important in

order to solve problem is closely related and faced by manufacturing industry as the workers
need to handle many types of machine and production equipment. Manufacturing industries
like Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad emphases on converting raw material into a product.
Accident could occur along the process of manufacturing the product. In a manufacturing
industry where plant productivity is important, a lost time accident is the most thing need to be
avoided. It becomes an OSHA recordable incident and may add blemish to the safety record of
a company. It also may lead to unplanned downtime. The number of hours Evergreen
Fibreboard Berhad plant has been working without a lost time accident is 411,800 hours.
During the investigation of an accident, production loss and cost of lost time accident can
increase quickly between the times off. The best previous record is 1,235,000 hours which
indicate that lost time accident can be prevented if all the safety standards are followed by all
employee.

Occupational Health and Safety do focus on two major aspects which include health
that associated free from disease and safety that associated free accident. Safety culture has
been the factor determining an association’s wellbeing execution safety performance (Ali,
Yusof, & Adam, 2017). It is necessary for an individual to possess a good attitude in order to
exhibit safety behaviour. Safety culture provides direction for workers to understand the
importance of a safe working environment.

The Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) is responsible to provide

legislation, standards, enforcement and promotion in creating a safe and healthy work culture.
The statistics from the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) shows that the
manufacturing sector recorded the highest number of reported accidents every year as
compared to other industries in Malaysia. The number of accidents keeps increasing from the
year 2012 to the year 2017. Manufacturing is one of major contributor to economy of Malaysia
(Amirah, 2013). Thus, the awareness of the industry towards safety and health should be in line
with the development of manufacturing sector. From the statistics above, it can be deduced that
occupational safety is still yet to be incorporated as a culture amongst Malaysian Manufactures.
According to DOSH, levels of safety culture are influenced by individual, managers and policy
commitment. Other than behavioural aspects of employees, every organization has its own
health and safety policy to be fulfilled. As for Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad, they committed

8
towards ensuring Health and Safety at the workplace and embedded the policy into daily
operations practices. However, workplace has high risk and potential to the occurrence of
hazard. Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) help to systematically
reduce the possibility of illness, injury, accident or fatality in workplace by ensuring the
hazards are eliminated or controlled in a systematic manner.

Furthermore, the possibility for any accident to happen cannot be predicted, thus actions
needs to be taken by all parties. As suggestion, employees need to know the information and
basic of accident prevention. Safe working environment need to be practiced at the workplace.
To assist all the employee, management team need to play their role of providing the
information and platform for them to educate the employees about the importance of safety
and health. Other than that, complete personal protection equipment (PPE) needs to be provided
for all the workers to use as it is necessary especially for manufacturing industries. Training is
needed for the management team to assist employees to use the protection equipment correctly
and properly.

In addition, improper way of using personal protection equipment may lead to injury
or fatal in workplace. Based on the research made by Mendeloff (2005), it stated that
Occupational Safety and Health Administration inspection is important in order to reduce the
possibility of accident to occur. OSHA inspections often induce the managers to pay more
attention to safety issues in a manner that is not limited to those related to OSHA standards.
Thus, OSHA inspection needs to be done regularly. Next, the health of employee needed to be
taken care of, thus it is suggested for employer to provide occupational health facilities.
Employers often consider that they have meet the legal requirement by having policy and a
health and safety officer. Employees have the right to get protection in workplace.
Occupational health services include the employee wellness, pre-placement testing,
occupational therapy and medicine.

9
4.0 CONCLUSION

At the end of the interview session with Occupational Safety and Health Officer from
Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad, Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim, we had learnt about the importance
of OSHA in a workplace. If there is not existing of OSHA in a workplace, employees might be
exposed to the risk or hazard around the working environment. Incidents may occur
instantaneously and if there is without any compensation from the incidents that occur may
lead to loss of privilege of the workers as well as loss of the incident. Therefore, OSHA is an
act that must be implemented in every industry to ensure safety and health of the employees as
well as increasing the productivity of the company.

Meanwhile, we are also managed to investigate the duties mentioned in Occupational

Safety and Health Act 1994. the objective of Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 is to
secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work regardless employee or employers. We
understand the importance of the roles of an engineer in the real working environment related
to safety and health to ensure the workers work in a safe and healthy environment. For the top
management, the OSHA officer are responsible to enforce the rules and regulations, as well as
conducting periodic inspection to ensure the safety and health of the workplace. However, for
the employee side, the workers must cooperate and obeys the rules and regulations that has
been set by the top management in order to prevent from risks. The risk of an issue involving
safety and health in a company can be known by identifying the likelihood of the issue to occur
and the severity of the issue. HIRARC method is importantly especially in manufacturing
industries field to identify the hazards and countermeasure the safety and health problems.
Besides that, the Environmental Quality Act 1974 is an act that is related to prevent, abate,
control of pollution and also the enhancement of the environment and any connected purposes
it upholds. The environment affects the health status directly while playing a major role in
quality of life, years of healthy living and disparities.

In addition, engineers also have similar job specifications as safety and health officer.
Both play important roles to ensure that people under their supervision are working in a safe
environment. Their job involves identifying any potential safety issues and determining how
to change procedures or environment so that they can reduce the probability of accident
happens that can hurt the employees. This is because at the end of the day, engineers are also
act as people that will take a responsibility for developing and maintaining a safe working place.

10
5.0 REFERENCES

Ali, D., Yusof, Y., & Adam, A. (2017). Safety Culture and Issues in the Malaysian
Manufacturing Sector. MATEC Web of Conference. ICME'17. Retrieved from
https://www.matec-
conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2017/49/matecconf_icme2017_00031.pdf

Amirah, N. (2013). Safety Culture in Combating Occupational Safety and Health Problems in
the Malaysian Manufacturing Sectors. Asian Social Science. Retrieved from
http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n3p182

Department of Occupational Safety and Health. (2016). Occupational Accidents Statistics by

Sector Until December 2016. Retrieved from
http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/archive-statistics/2016/1846-occupational-
accidents-statistics-by-sector-until-december-2016

Guidelines for Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC).
Department of Occupational Safety and Health Ministry of Human Resources
Malaysia.(2008). Retrieved from
http://www.dosh.gov.my/index.php/en/legislation/guidelines/hirarc-2/1846-01-
guidelines-for-hazard-identification-risk-assessment-and-risk-control-hirarc-2008/file

Mendeloff, J. (2005). How do OSHA Inspections Lead to Reductions in Workplace Injuries?

Law and Policy. Retrieved from
https://www.academia.edu/19324692/Inside_the_Black_Box_How_do_OSHA_Inspe
ctions_Lead_to_Reductions_in_Workplace_Injuries_

Rahman, M., Ahmad, S., Mohammad, M. and Azmir, N. (2019). BDA31302 Occupational
Safety and Health. Batu Pahat, Johor: UTHM Publisher.

Saedi, A.M., Thambirajah, J.J., Pariatamby, A. (2014). A HIRARC Model for Safety and Risk
Evaluation at A Hydroelectric Power Generation Plant. Retrieved from
https://umexpert.um.edu.my/file/publication/00004264_134857.pdf

11
6.0 APPENDICES

Figures 6.1: Group photo visiting to Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad.

i
Figure 6.2: Group members having interview session with Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim.

Figure 6.3: Group photo with Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim.

ii
Figure 6.4: Health and Safety Policy in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

iii
 Figure 6.5: Organization chart in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

Figure 6.6: Sample of HIRARC form in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

iv
v
Table 6.1: HIRARC Form of Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad consists of hazards and its
countermeasures

vi
Figure 6.7: Evacuation flow chart of Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

vii
Figure 6.8: Assembly point areas allocation in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

viii
Figure 6.9: Evacuation Drill report of Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

ix
Figure 6.10: Fire drill activities in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

x
Figure 6.11: Morning briefing in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

xi
Figure 6.12: Example accident report in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

xii
Figure 6.13: Sample of accident report

xiii
 JKKP 9
MAKLUMAT BERKAITAN KEMALANGAN
PERATURAN-PERATURAN KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN (PEMBERITAHUAN MENGENAI KEMALANGAN,

KEJADIAN BERBAHAYA, KERACUNAN PEKERJAAN DAN PENYAKIT PEKERJAAN) 2004

DATA KEMALANGAN

1. No. Pendaftaran JKKP 2. No. Rujukan Organisasi

3. Nama Organisasi

4. Alamat Organisasi

5. Poskod 6. Saiz Industri ( Rujuk Jadual 1)

7. No. R.O.C. 8. Tarikh Hantar JKKP 6

9. Klasifikasi Industri ( Rujuk Jadual 3)

10. Nama dan Alamat

Tempat Kejadian

11. Tarikh Kemalangan 12. Masa Kejadian

13. Tempat Kemalangan ( Rujuk Jadual 4) 14. Jumlah Mangsa

15. Jumlah 16. Jumlah Hilang 17. Jumlah Tanpa

Maut Upaya Kekal Hilang Upaya Kekal

18. Laporan Ringkas Kemalangan

19. Orang yang Bertanggungjawab (Tapak Bina Sahaja) ( Rujuk Jadual 5)

20. Jika Bekerja Sendiri, Adakah Mangsa Ahli Keluarga Ya Tidak

21. Nama Pemberitahu

22. Jawatan

23. No. Telefon

24. Jenis Laporan Kemalangan Kejadian Berbahaya

25. Jika Kejadian Berbahaya, Masukkan Kod ( Rujuk Jadual 6)

Figure 6.14: Sample of accident data

xiv
 JKKP 9
MAKLUMAT BERKAITAN KEMALANGAN

MAKLUMAT MANGSA

1. Nama Mangsa

2. No. K/P / No. Paspot

3. Alamat Mangsa

4. Umur 5. Jantina Lelaki Perempuan

6. Status Pekerjaan ( Rujuk Jadual 7) 7. Tarikh Mula Bekerja

8. Jenis Pekerjaan ( Rujuk Jadual 8) 9. Bangsa

10. Warganegara

11. Bilangan kursus Keselamatan dan Kesihatan yang dihadiri

12. Jenis Kemalangan ( Rujuk Jadual 9 )

13. Jenis Kecederaan ( Rujuk Jadual 10 )

14. Agen Kemalangan ( Rujuk Jadual 11 )

15. Lokasi Kecederaan ( Rujuk Jadual 12 )

16. Bilangan Hari Mangsa Melakukan Tugas Yang Sama Sebelum Kemalangan

Hilang Upaya Tanpa Hilang Upaya

17. Akibat Kemalangan Maut Kekal Kekal

18. Bil. Hari Tak Bekerja

Figure 6.15: Sample of information form of accident victim

xv
 JKKP 9
MAKLUMAT BERKAITAN KEMALANGAN

[Mukasurat ini untuk kegunaan JKKP sahaja]

MAKLUMAT PENYIASATAN

1. Penyiasat (1)

2. Penyiasat (2)

3. Tindakan NOP NOI PLS PL Sita Arahan Kompaun Mahkamah

4. Tarikh Kemalangan Dilaporkan

5. Tarikh Siasatan 6. Tarikh Siasatan Lanjut

7. Tarikh Laporan

8. Ulasan Penyiasat Termasuk Punca Utama dan Penyebab Langsung Kemalangan

9. Ulasan Ketua Unit

10. Ulasan Pengarah

Figure 6.16: Sample of investigation form

xvi
Figure 6.17: Record of time without accident

xvii
Figure 6.18: UTHM Official letter for industrial visit

xviii
 Gantt Chart

TASK WEEK

5 6 7 8 9 10 11
(6/10- (13/10- (20/10- (3/11- (10/11- (17/11- (24/11-
12/10) 19/10) 26/10) 9/11) 16/11) 23/11) 30/11)
Project briefing and
forming group

Identify issue and

research title

Choosing case study

Send permission letter for

site visit

Develop questions for

interview session

Interview session

Collect findings

Analyze findings

Work Distribution

Preparing final report

Preparing video
presentation

xix
Interview Protocol

Interview session with Mr. Mohd Isa Bin Ibrahim (officer of the Occupational Safety, Health
and Environment Department Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad).

Date: 15th November 2019 (Friday)

Time: 09.00 a.m.-10.40 a.m.

Venue: Meeting Room in Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad

1. Role and responsibilities of engineers related to safety and health in real working
environment.

i. As an OSHA officer, what do Sir understand about OSHA? Do you think that
OSHA is an important matter?
Answer:
OSHA is an act that is related to safety and health and it is important. As OSHA
officers, we act as the advisor for the management in relation of safety and health.
We help management to investigate and analyze accidents. We inspect the whole
place and highlight arising matter to the management. It depends on the employer
to applied or take seriously of the safety and health to the worker. It is a good
employer if the factory can manage the production equally between of their profit
with the safety of the worker.

ii. What are the roles or responsibility of employer and employee in terms of OSHA?
Answer:
Here we have Safety and Health Committee members. To maintain the
organization, each of them need to do their part as. We need to focus on safety and
health in term of regulation. Committee members will help us to inspect the
machine. There are 38 committee members. The committee will help the safety
officer to advice the worker about the safety at the workplace.

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 iii. What are the roles and responsibilities of engineering graduates related to OSHA
in real working environment which expected by employer?
Answer:
Experience is important in real working environment. Graduates need to know
how to work. Safety and health are important for the engineering sector. You
need to know what you are doing and need to understand technology.

iv. Is it this company provide safety induction to the new worker or to the worker?
Answer:
We provide safety induction to the new worker. In addition, we also provide
weekly safety induction and monthly safety induction to the worker where we will
invite the competent person to give the safety induction. Provide briefing every
morning about the safety or machinery awareness.

v. What are the company policy?

Answer:
Our policy is everything that stated in the section 15 in the OSHA act where to
make sure the worker safety and health, have the organizational that take care and
give the proper training to the worker, provide safe work environment and safe
work environmental. Besides that, we also providing information, training and
monitoring to the operator that handle machinery.

2. Safety and health issues & how to solve problems using HIRARC method.

i. What is the example of safe and health issue (risk) that have occurred? And what
action or solution has been taken?
Answer:
The exposure of chain and sprockets may draw in body parts during online
cleaning or maintenance causing severe injuries. So, the solution has been taken
is by installing Fixed Guarding and train every affected worker on the awareness
of existing hazard. Besides, a warning signboard was written “Expose Rotating
Chain and Sprockets” is also appropriate as an initial action.

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 ii. What are the risks being both employer and employee facing?
Answer:
700 workers would face the physical hazard as we worked with a lot of machine.

iii. What are the special injuries or accident cases that happened before?
Answer:
Majority happens comes from physical hazard such as stuck in between or gone in
the machine. There is an accident where the employee injured his finger into
machine when investigation was conducted by committee, they result showed that
the employee does the work in rushing condition where he loading the wood into
the machine that not follow the procedure that company had provide. Another proof
is the employee are not the competent one to conduct the machine because the
actual worker on the position on leave.

iv. What are the strategies of Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad company to overcome the
risks?
Answer:
First, safety officer needs to work with the committee because duty of safety officer
is to advice the employee how to practice safety when they are working. To make
sure the worker follows the procedure where person in charge supervise the worker.
If the worker didn’t follow the procedure, person in charge have rights to act on
the worker. Here we have SOP. Every time the worker wants to start their work,
they need to fill the job hazard analysis (JHA) and give to the person in charge
(PIC). At all-time the employees need to maintain the personal protection
equipment. We need to eliminate the hazard by engineering control. We substitute
dangerous chemical with the non-harmful one. Isolate the dangerous area from
workers. The danger and risk of hazard can be reduced.

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3. Environment, public interest and societal impact.

i. What is the role and precaution of the factory in terms of environmental aspect?
Answer:
We also have our environmental officer here. We take about the environmental
issues seriously. We have the best local exhaust ventilation system to vacuum wood
dust, so this company need the proper factory lay out.in hence we put engineer
control at here to control and make the new house system and redesign the house
system that suitable with factory environment. Then, for operator we give personal
protective equipment such as for operator that work in dust area, we give 3M N95
mask to control the gas we give respiratory mask. Our aim to provide the best local
exhaust ventilation system so that the wood dust is not be the factor of the air
pollution. Besides that, we also install four set of sound silencer panel to reduce
the sound of machinery.

ii. What kinds of impacts can be created towards the society?

Answer:
If we talk about environment factor, it is not only giving impact the workers but
also to the society. Our work area is at the back and exposed. We invest so much
in the environmental aspect to control it and to improve the environmental we make
the precaution such as we install the best local exhaust ventilation to make sure the
dust is not release freely.

4. Ethical behavior and sense of responsibilities towards society.

i. Give some unethical behavior happen before in organization.

Answer:
Workers do not maintain the personal protection equipment while doing any
works. It is not supposed to be done by the workers as there is more exposure to
the risk. Workers need to fill the job hazard analysis and wait for the instruction
form the supervisor before doing anything.

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5. Societal, health, safety and cultural issues.

i. What are the OSHA problems in manufacturing sector?

Answer:
The process undergoes by the wood here is very noisy. The sanding process also
exposed to high level of noise. Hazard could occur during the process of cutting
the woods. Dust is everywhere as the process involve woods.

ii. What is the safety culture in combating OSHA problem in manufacturing sector?
Answer:
In manufacturing sector, we need to avoid breakdown. That’s why it is important
to apply preventive maintenance (PM) to the machinery for avoid breakdown. So,
service must be done regularly to avoid breakdown. Everything else will be
affected by it if it happens. Safety during the service process need to be planned
properly. The safety regulation must be count.

iii. What is the effect of socio-culture practice to the company?

Answer:
It is mainly influenced by the management board of the company. The management
board or the administration of the company can influence the system of how the
company run.

iv. What are the suggestions to those fresh graduated students, so that they can adapt
to the society?
Answer:
If you are into design department, safety is very important. Design machine that is
safe. Safe in the sense of easy to access, easy to use, functional safety features and
easy to service. Besides that, in future you will be work as an engineer in the
industry and you need to act as an advisor to the employer to provide a safety
workplace to the worker.

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6. What are the moral issues in factory and how to solve ethically?

Answer:
The moral issue that will happen in the industry is there are some employees improper
dispose the cigarettes in the break area which highly possibilities causing a fire hazard. In
this case, this issue should be brought to the attention of management level and this hazard
or unwanted event can be avoided if the level of awareness to the surrounding among the
workers can be increase. The workers will be subjects to the disciplinary action.

7. How much will company spend for occupational safety and health?

Answer:

The point of view here depending on company turn over. We cannot compare the issue to
tough company as oil and gas. We have different environment and different turn over. Is
easy for them to produce millions ringgit of profit. So, it is incomparable to other mall
company. But, evergreen still on the right track to reach there and never stop progressing.
A lot of approach has been done.

8. How to control total of 700 workers? How many safety officer involve?
Answer:
Usually any company only have 1 safety officer only. The most important is committee
members. SHO will convey the important information to the committee members at every
departments and they are responsible to distribute all info reach to each person in the
department through all of networking and system.

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9. As an experience SHO, can you explain how to tackle problem involving incident?.
Answer：
First thing to identify is, identify any machinery on the location. Secondly identify also
any substances such as acid. Determined how those substances been placed, been labelled
to control it. Then, evaluate the work place as example the path to workplace. Is it safe? Is
it wide enough? After that, it is the environment. Is it dark? Noisy? Hot? Too vibrate?
When you spot a hazard, what the action to control. Think about elimination. Can it be
eliminated? If cannot. Think about the substitution. And then go to the isolation. Means,
if it cannot be substitute to less hazard material, go for better placing, better container and
also better labelled. Lastly to control it, definitely comes to PPE (personal protective
equipment) such as helmets, goggles, ear plug and so on.

10. What is the most exciting on being at OSH field?

Answer:
Unlimited society involved. That’s mean you are not only learn from your mistake but also
learn from others mistake. It is a big opportunity to sharing others experience. Teaches us
to be open minded because as a person we must adapt and embrace all of situation at work.
As example technology. There much different for nowadays technology compare to
previous 10 years. That’s why we must always become an open minded person and make
sure put away ego from working society.

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 Minute of Meeting 1
Date: 11 October 2019 (Friday)
Time: 10.00a.m. - 11.00a.m.
Venue: 1st floor, 24 Hours Reading Room, Library, UTHM
Purpose: Group discussion to discuss the workplace to visit and interview.
Member involves: 1. MUHAMMAD ASHRAF BIN ZAIDIN
2. SYAZWAN HAZIQ BIN ZULKARNAIN
3. FAIZ RAFFIUDDIN BIN REDZUAN
4. SITI SYAHIDA BINTI ZAINAL AZIM
5. WONG XIN YI
6. MUHAMMAD FAIRUZFIRDAUS BIN YUSOF

Content of meeting:

1. Discuss where to be our workplace to visit:

 We have suggested a few industries nearby UTHM area.
 List of industries suggestion:
i. Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad
ii. Fujitsu (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd.
iii. Industri Makanan Snek Ku Sdn. Bhd.
 Our group member, Wong Xin Yi volunteered to contact the industries
above to ask for permission to interview their company.
 Our group members, Faiz Raffiuddin Bin Redzuan and Muhammad
Fairuzfirdaus Bin Yusof have suggested to visit UTHM laboratory for
our interview section.
2. The task has been discussed and distributed to every member.
The meeting was dismissed at 11.00 pm. Attendance of all the members is appreciated.

Prepared by,
Faiz Raffiuddin Bin Redzuan
(Secretary)

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 Minute of Meeting 2
Date: 22 October 2019 (Tuesday)
Time: 12.00p.m. - 12.30p.m.
Venue: Library, UTHM
Purpose: Decision of workplace to visit and interview.

Member involves: 1. MUHAMMAD ASHRAF BIN ZAIDIN

2. SYAZWAN HAZIQ BIN ZULKARNAIN
3. FAIZ RAFFIUDDIN BIN REDZUAN
4. SITI SYAHIDA BINTI ZAINAL AZIM
5. WONG XIN YI
6. MUHAMMAD FAIRUZFIRDAUS BIN YUSOF

Content of meeting:

1. After we have contact all the industries for interview section about OSH,
we decided to choose Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad as our interview
workplace.
2. Our leader, Muhammad Ashraf Bin Zaidin sent the application form to our
lecturer, Prof. Madya Dr. Mustaffa Bin Haji Ibrahim and wait for the
approval from the faculty to visit the workplace.
The meeting was dismissed around 12.30p.m. Attendance of all the members is appreciated.

Prepared by,
Faiz Raffiuddin Bin Redzuan
(Secretary)

xxviii
 Minute of Meeting 3
Date: 14 November 2019 (Thursday)
Time: 8.00p.m. – 9.00p.m.
Venue: Library, UTHM
Purpose: Discuss and prepare interview questions to be ask to the industry.

Members Involves: 1. MUHAMMAD ASHRAF BIN ZAIDIN

2. SYAZWAN HAZIQ BIN ZULKARNAIN
3. FAIZ RAFFIUDDIN BIN REDZUAN
4. SITI SYAHIDA BINTI ZAINAL AZIM
5. WONG XIN YI
6. MUHAMMAD FAIRUZFIRDAUS BIN YUSOF

Content of meeting:

1. All of our group members are available to attend the visit to Evergreen
Fibreboard Berhad at 9.00a.m. on 15 November 2019.
2. We have discussed and prepared a set of interview questions to ask the
Occupational Safety, Health and Environment Department Officer of
Evergreen Fibreboard Berhad.
The meeting was dismissed around 9.00p.m. Attendance of all the members is appreciated.

Prepared by,
Faiz Raffiuddin Bin Redzuan
(Secretary)

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