Math 232 Homework #1 (corrected)

1. Let V = {p(x) P3 | p(1) = p(2) = 0}. a. Prove that V is a subspace of P3 . b. Find the general form of an element of V by solving for the conditions on the coecients. 2. Consider V = C, the complex numbers with the usual addition. a. Show that V is a vector space over R. b. Is W = {z C | |z| = 1} a subspace of V ? 3. Let C (2) (R) be the vector space of functions f R R such that the second derivative f (x) exists and is continuous for all x. Let V = {f C (2) (R) | f + f = 0}. Show that V is a subspace of C (2) (R). 4. Let V = {A Mnn (R) | AT = A} be the set of symmetric n n matrices. Is V a subspace of Mnn (R)? What about W = {A Mnn (R) | det(A) = 0}? 5. Assume the basic property of prime numbers p, that if p divides a product ab of two integers, then p divides a or b. Show that the function f : Fp Fp given by f (x) = ax is one-to-one. Use this fact and the pigeonhole principle to deduce that every non-zero element of Fp has a multiplicative inverse. 6. In terms of suitable parameters, nd the general solution to the homogeneous system of linear equations represented by the matrix 1 0 4 1 0 1 0 2 A= . 1 8 4 2 1 2 4 5 7. Decide whether or not each sequence of vectors below is linear independent. a. [1, 2, 3, 4], [3, 3, 3, 4], [2, 1, 0, 4] in R4 . b. ex and e2x in C () (R). c. x2 , x2 1, x2 + 1 in P 2 . 8. Does the set of matrices A= 1 0 2 2 ,B= 1 0 1 0 ,C= 2 1 1 1 ,D= 0 1 1 1 span M22 (R)?

9. Is [1, 1, 1, 1] in the span of {[1, 0, 2, 3], [3, 0, 1, 2], [4, 5, 2, 5]}? 10. Use vector algebra to prove that diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.