Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Exercice 1.
Among the following statements, which ones are true, and which ones are false? Justify.
d) Subtraction in R is associative.
f) Addition is associative in N.
Exercice 2.
Let (R, +, •) be the ring of real numbers. We define two new operations ⊕ and ⊗ on R as follows:
∀(x, y) ∈ R2 , x ⊕ y = x + y and x ⊗ y = x · y − 2x − 2y + 6.
Exercice 3.
Let (A, +, •) be a unit ring. Let 0 and 1 be the neutral elements for + and • respectively. Let A be equipped
with two operations as follows :
a ⊕ b = a + b + 1 and a ⊗ b = a • b + a + b
b) Show that the mapping f : (A, +, •) −→ (A, ⊕, ⊗), defined as f (a) = a − 1 is a ring homomorphism.
Exercice 4.
Show that the following set of real sequences is a vector space over R.
Exercice 5.
Give a basis for the following vector spaces.
1. {(x, y, z) ∈ R3 , x + y = y + z = 0}.
1
ENSSMAL (2023/2024)
Mathematics III-FPSM2 Dr. D.Mokhbi-Soukane
Exercice 6.
Show that the sets F1 , F2 and F3 are not vector subspaces of R2 .
√
1. F1 = {(x, y) ∈ R2 |x + y = 2 a2 + b2 }.
2. F2 = {(x, y) ∈ R2 |x = 0 or y = 0}.
3. F3 = {(x, y) ∈ R2 |x ≥ 0 or y ≥ 0}.
Exercice 7.
1 6 9
a) Let u1 = 2 and v1 = 4 be two vectors over R3 . Show that w1 = 2 is a L-C of u1 and v1 .
−1 2 7
1 6 4
b) Let u2 = 2 and v2 = 4 be two vectors over R3 . Show that w2 = −1 is not a L-C of u2 and
−1 2 8
v2 .
Exercice 8.
Let E be a finite dimensional vector-space of dimension n, and let F and G be two vector subspaces of E such
that dim F + dim G > n. Show that F ∩ G 6= {0}.
Exercice 9.
Let E be an R−vector space of dimension 4 and let F and G be two 3−dimensional vector subspaces of E
such that F 6= G. Find the dimension of F ∩ G.
Exercice 10.
Prove, by using counterexamples, that vector subtraction is not commutative nor associative.
Exercice 11.
Assume that v and w are linear independent vectors.
Prove that v and (v + w) are linear independent vectors.
Exercice 12.
Find the coordinates of the vector (3, 2, 1) relative to the basis {(1, 0, 2), (2, 1, 0), (0, 3, 5)} in R3 .
Exercice 13.
Let f be a linear application defined as follows:
f : R3 −→ R3
(x, y, z) → (x + y + z, y + z, 2y + z)
Determine the kernel of f (ker(f )) and determine whether f is an isomorphism for R3 → R3
2
ENSSMAL (2023/2024)
Mathematics III-FPSM2 Dr. D.Mokhbi-Soukane
Exercice 14.
Let f be a linear application defined as follows:
f : R3 −→ R2
(x, y, z) → (x − z, x + y)
Exercice 15.
Let E be a vector space : E1 = {(x, y, z, t) ∈ R4 |x + y + z + t = 0, x − z − 2t = 0}.
Exercice 16.
Let R3 [X] the space of polynomials with real coefficients of degrees ≤ 3.
f : R2 → R2
(x, y) → (3x − y, x + 2y)