MATB24 Linear Algebra II Assignment 1

Prof. T. Kielstra, Dept. of CMS, University of Toronto, Scarborough

Instructions:
ˆ This assignment is for self work and is worth 0 percent of you final grade.
ˆ These questions are to give you an opportunity to engage with the material of the course.
ˆ By looking at the course outline you can see when your TA will review this material in lab.
ˆ The TA will not review the entire assignment. They will specifically focus on questions that students seem to be
struggling with.
ˆ You should attempt the questions on this assignment before you go to the tutorial.
ˆ Questions that have (a.b.c) where a,b,c are numbers are questions from the textbook. Their solutions can be found
online....

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1. Show that the set of all complex numbers of the form x + y 2, where x and y are rational, is a subfield of C.
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2. (1.2.1) Show that the set of complex numbers x + y 2, where x and y are rational numbers form a field.

3. We are going to consider the structure that matrices form. Show that Real n × n matrices form a ring.
4. For each of the following, with the standard addition and multiplication operators
i. Determine if it is a field.
ii. Create a proper subset that is an ideal.
(a) Z8
(b) Z5

5. Show polynomials form

(a) Vector Space
(b) Ring
(c) Commutative Ring

6. (2.1.1) If F is a field, verify that F n is a vector space over the field F.

7. (2.1.2) If V is a vector space over the field F , verify that

(α1 + α2 ) + (α3 + α4 ) = [α2 + (α3 + α1 )] + α4

for all vectors α1 , α2 , α3 and α4 in V .

8. (2.1.3) If C is the field of complex numbers, which vectors is C 3 are a linear combination of (1, 0, −1)T , (0, 1, 1)T
and (1, 1, 1)T .
9. (2.1.4/2.1.7) Let V be the set of all pairs (x, y) of real numbers, and let F be the field of real numbers. For he
following two definitions, do they form a vector space?
(a)

(x, y) + (x1 , y1 ) = (x + x1 , y + y1 )
c(x, y) = (cx, y)

(b)

(x, y) + (x1 , y1 ) = (x + x1 , 0)
c(x, y) = (cx, 0)

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 (c)

(x, y) + (x1 , y1 ) = (x + x1 , y + y1 )
c(x, y) = (cx, cy)

10. (2.1.5) Consider Rn , define two operations

α⊕β =α−β
c ∗ α = −cα,

where the operators on the right are the standard operations. Show that we are not commutative or associative.
Show that the additive identity and additive inverse exist.
11. (2.2.1) Which of the following sets of vectors α = (a1 , ..., an ) ∈ Rn are subspaces of Rn (n ⩾ 3)?
(a) all α such that a1 > 0.
(b) all α such that a1 + 3a2 = 0.
(c) all α such that a2 = a21 .
(d) all α such that a1 a2 = 0.
(e) all α such that a1 is rational.
12. (2.2.2) Let V be the (real) vector space of all functions f from R onto R Which of the following set of functions
are subspaces of V ?
(a) all f such that f (x2 ) = f (x)2 .
(b) all f such that f (0) = f (1).
(c) all f such that f (3) = f (5) + 1.
(d) all f such that f (−1) = 0.
(e) all f such that f is a continuous function.
13. (2.2.3) Is the vector (3, −1, 0, −1) in the subspace of R4 spanned by the vectors (2, −1, 3, 2), (−1, 1, 1, −3) and
(1, 1, 9, −5)?
14. (2.3.2) Are the following vectors linearly independent in R4 ?

α1 = (1, 1, 2, 4)
α2 = (2, −1, −5, 2)
α3 = (1, −1, −4, 0)
α4 = (2, 1, 1, 6)

Do they form a basis?

15. (2.3.3) Find a basis for the subspace spanned by

α1 = (1, 1, 2, 4)
α2 = (2, −1, −5, 2)
α3 = (1, −1, −4, 0)
α4 = (2, 1, 1, 6).

16. (2.3.10) Let V be a vector space over a field F. Suppose there are a finite number of vectors α1 , ..., αn in V
which span V . Prove that V is finite-dimensional.
17. (2.3.12) Prove that the space of all m × n matrices over the field F has dimension mn, by exhibiting a basis
for this space.

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18. (6.6.1) Let V be a finite-dimensional vector space and let W1 be any subspace of V . Prove that there is a
subspace W2 of V such that V = W1 ⊕ W2 .
19. (6.6.2) Let V be a finite-dimensional vector space and let W1 , ..., Wk be subspaces of V such that

V = W1 + W2 + ... + Wk and dim(V ) = dim(W1 ) + dim(W2 ) + ... + dim(Wk ).

Prove that V = W1 ⊕ ... ⊕ Wk .

20. Consider the following set of vectors.
     
1 1 0
{ 1  ,  0  ,  1 }
0 1 1

Show that this forms a basis for R3 , but not for (Z2 )3 .