Nerve Branches and Location Innervation Ebryo

Olfactory Pass through foramina of the Special visceral afferent

(CN I) cribriform plate

Optic (CN II) Travels through optic canal Vision, afferents for pupillary reflex.

Oculomotor Superior orbital fissure Motor to extraocular musc and levator

(CN III) palpebrae (not lateral rectus or sup oblique).
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers that
synapse at ciliary ganglion. From here post
ganglionics to sphincter pupillae (miosis),
and ciliary musc. (lense accommodation)
Trochlear Superior orbital fissure Superior oblique muscle
(CN IV)

Trigeminal Opthalmic V1 – superior orbital 1. nasociliary PHARYNGEAL ARCH 1

(CN V) fissure
Maxillary V2 – foramen rotundum
and inferior orbital fissure
2. frontal - musc of mastication
3. lacrimal – parasympathetic fibers from - mylohyoid
facial n. - ant belly of digastric
- tensor veli palatini
- tensor tympani
1. zygomaticofacial
2. zygomaticotemporal
3. infraorbital

Mandibular V3 – passes through 1. meningeal – enters via foramn spinosum.

the foramen ovale 2. motor to musc of mastication (temporalis,
massater, lateral and medial pterigoid
musc.)
3. buccal
4. auriculotemporal – formed by 2 roots that
encircle the middle meningeal a. Sensory
for TMJ, carries parasympathetic and
sympathetic fibers to parotid from otic
ganglion, sensory to auricle and temporal
region.
5. lingual – is joined by chorda tympani,
provides general sensory for the ant 2/3 of
tongue.
6. inf alveolar –
a) nerve to mylohyoid and ant belly of
digastric
b) inferior dental branch which
continues as mental n. once exits at mental
foramen.
Abducens Superior orbital fissure Lateral rectus
(CN VI)
Facial (CN VII) Pre-stylomastoid formen - 1. parasympathetic fibers to pterygopalatine PHARYNGEAL ARCH 2
ganglion via greater petrosal n. which joins - muscles of facial
the deep petrosal n. (sympathetic) to form expression
the Vidian n. - post belly of digastric
2. parasympathetic fibers to submandibular - stylohyoid
ganglion via chorda tympani. - stapedius
3. special sensory from ant 2/3 of tongue via
chorda tympani
4. motor to stapedius
Post-stylomastoid foramen – all are 1. temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular,
motor cervical branches. (musc of facial
expression)
2. posterior auricular to auricular musc and
occipitalis.
3. stylohyoid musc
4. post. belly of digastric musc.
Vestibulochoclear Enters bone at internal acoustic Cochlea (organ of corti)
(CN VIII) meatus Ampulla of smicirucular ducts, utricle,
saccule

Glossophryngeal Through jugular foramen Forms tympanic plexus with sympa from PHARYNGEAL ARCH 3
(CN IX) 1. tympanic n. carotid plexus and branch from facial n. -stylophryngeus
Provides sensory from tympanic cavity,
mastoid air cells and auditory tube.
Continues on as lesser petrosal n. to otic
ganglion.
2. pharyngeal branch Pharyngeal plexus with vagus and branches
from sympathetic trunk

3. carotid sinus branch Afferent limb of the carotid sinus. The

carotid body is innervated by the vagus.

4. stylopharyngeus branch Motor to stylopharyngeus

5. Lingual branch Sensory and taste from posterior 1/3 of the

tongue

Vagus (CN X) External laryngeal Cricothyroid and inf pharyngeal constrictor PHARYNGEAL ARCH 4
musc. - musc of soft palate (not
tensor veli palatine)
- musc of pharynx (except
stylophryngeus)
- cricopharyngeus
- cricothyroid musc
 Internal laryngeal - pierces
thyrohyoid membrane
Recurrent laryngeal – enters below
cricopharyngeus.
Auricular branch
Motor (pharyngeal)
Accessory Originates from 2 locations.
(CN XI) 1)cervical portion (this branch
enter cranium at foramen magnum)
and 2)cranial protion medulla.
They join to form the accessory n.
proper which exits at jugular
foramen and then splits.
Hypoglossal Through hypoglossal canal, travels
(CN XII) lateral to hyoglossus
Cervical Plexus Lesser Occicpital (C2) – ascends
(C1-4) parallel to SCM
Greater Auricular (C2-3) – crosses
the SCM superficially
Transverse cervical (C2-3) –
crosses SCM below greater
auricular
Supraclavicular (C3-4) – also
emerges posterior to the SCM.
Ansa cervicalis (C1-3) – joins the
hypoglossal n.
Sensory fibers from above the larynx above PHARYNGEAL ARCH 6
the vocal chords and taste from epiglottis. - intrinsic musc of larynx
(not cricothyroid
- upper musc of
esophagus
All intrinsic muscles of the larynx except
the cricothyroid; sensory fibers to the
laryngeal mucous membrane inferior to the
vocal folds
Joined by fibers from CN IX to innervate
the external acoustic meatus.
All musc of pharynx except sylopharyngeus
and all musc of the palate except tensor veli
palatini. Palatoglossus also.
1)cranial branch is somatic motor: striated
muscles of soft palate, larynx and pharynx
via fibers that join CN X; 2)spinal branch is
branchial motor, supplies
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius, and runs
superficial to the investing layer of the deep
cervical fascia
All intrinsic and extrinsic musc of the
tongue except palatoglossus (vagus).
Carries fibers from C1 to geniohyoid and
thyrohyoid.
Sensory to scalp behind auricle
Sensory to skin behind auricle and over the
parotid gland.
Sensory to anterior cervical triangle.
Sensory to skin over clavicle and shoulder.
Motor to all infrahyoid strap muscles except
thyrohyoid.
 Phrenic (C3-5) – ant surface of ant
scalene
Sympthetic trunk Superior cervical ganglion – origin
of the internal carotid plexus,
pharyngeal branches that join the
glossopharyngeal and vagus.
Middle cervical ganglion
Inferior cervical ganglion (fuses
with thoracic ganglion to form the
stellate ganglion)
Ciliary Ganglion -Receives preganglionic
parasympathetic fibers from
oculomotor
-Receives postganglionic sympa
fibers (from sup cervical G)
Ptarygopalatine -Receives preganglionc
Ganglion parasympathetic fibers from facial
n. (via greater petrosal and vidian)
-Receives post-G sympa fibers
from sup. cervica G
Otic Ganglion -Receives pre-G parasympathetic
fibers glossopharyngeal (via
tympanic plexus, lesser petrosal)
Submandibular -Recieves pre-G parasympa fibers
Ganglion from chorda tympani
Motor, sensory, sympathetic fibers to
diaphragm
Cell bodies of postganglionic fibers to head,
neck and heart.
heart
heart
-Sends postganglionics to sphincter pupillae
and ciliary musc via the short ciliary n.
-pass through ganglion to short ciliary n. or
bypass it via long ciliary n. to dilator
pupillae
-sends postganglionics to nasal, palatine,
and lacrimal glands.
-pass through ganglion and distribute with
parasympathetics
-send post-Gs to parotid gland via the
auriculotemporal n.
-sends post-Gs to submandibular and
sublingual glands