Tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 4516 : 1988 Nhm H

Hon thin mt bng xy dng -Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu
Finished building alans Codes for construction, check and acceptance
1. Quy nh chung 1.1 Quy nh chung p dng trong thi cng v nghim thu cng tc hon thin mt bng khu t xy dng cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip. 1.2 Vic hon thin mt bng xy dng phi thc hin ng thit k, tun theo yu cu ca quy phm ny v cc quy phm hin hnh c lin quan. 1.3 Cc cng trnh |c xy dng v hon thin trn mt bng xy dng bao gm: sn chi, |ng i, hng ro, cy xanh v cc h thng k thut h tng phi |c hon thin ng b tr|c khi |a cng trnh vo s dng. 1.4 t p nn phi ph hp vi thit k. Cho php dng cc loi t ct, t pha ct, t st, cc loi x, hn hp tro x, cc loi t thi khng ln hu c. 1.5 Ti cc khu vc trng cy, trng c phi c lp t mu d thot n|c. 1.6 Khi hon thin mt bng xy dng, sai lch so vi thit k khng |c v|t qu nhng tr s sau y: - Sai lch cao ca lp t hu c v lp ph mt l + 5 cm; - Sai lch chiu dy ca lp t hu c l + 20%; - Sai lch chiu dy ca lp chng thm, lp lc v lp ph mt l + 10% nh|ng khng |c ln hn 2cm; - Khi kim tra b mt bng th|c 3m th khe h cho php gia th|c vi mt nn l 1,5cm i vi lp ph mt bng t, dm, si, x v 0,5cm i vi lp ph mt bng b tng t phan, b tng; - Sai lch chiu rng lp ph mt bng b tng l 5cm; i vi tt c cc loi vt liu khc l 10cm. 1.7 Vic thi cng mt |ng dm, mt |ng b tng t phan phi tun theo quy phm hin hnh v thi cng |ng. 2. Chun b mt bng 2.1. Vic chun b mt bng xy dng bao gm gii phng mt bng v lm cc cng tc chun b. 2.2. Tr|c khi gii phng mt bng cn phi: - Xc nh mng l|i cc mc ta v cao ca khu t xy dng; - Xc nh cc cng trnh v cy xanh hin c cn |c gi li. 2.3. Cng tc gii phng mt bng phi lm ton b hoc tng phn trn khu t xy dng theo thit k t chc xy dng bao gm: cht cy, ph d cng trnh c, di chuyn cc h thng k thut (in, n|c, thng tin). 2.4. Cng tc chun b mt bng thi cng gm san, p mt bng, xy dng cc cng trnh phc v thi cng: kho, x|ng, bi, |ng i, in, n|c Cng c chun b mt bng thi cng phi ph hp vi thit k t chc thi cng.

Tiu chun vit nam

2.5.

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Nu c iu kin hp l, c th xy dng tr|c mt phn h thng |ng i, in, cp thot n|c chnh thc ca cng trnh phc v thi cng. 2.6. Nhng cm cy xanh |c gi li phi ro bo v. Khi o t xung quanh nhng cy |c gi li th phi cha li vng t c |ng knh ln hn 0,5 |ng knh tn cy v khng |c o su qu 30cm. 2.7. Cc cng trnh (nh| nh, h thng k thut ) hin c trn mt bng xy dng cn |c tn dng trit trong qu trnh thi cng. 2.8. Khi ph d nh, h thng k thut c, phi c bin php bo m an ton. i vi nh hai tng tr ln v cc cng trnh c kt cu phc tp cn phi c thit k ph d. 2.9. Nhng vt liu, cu kin, thit b cn tn dng |c, phi la chn ra, |a v ni quy nh bo qun v s dng. 2.10. Tr|c khi gii phng mt bng phi ct in, n|c v cc h thng k thut khc sau khi c s tha thun ca c quan qun l cc h thng . i vi h thng k thut ngm phc tp c bit, |ng dy in cao th, |ng dy thng tin th phi c thit k ph d. 2.11. Khi nghim thu mt bng phi tin hnh theo cc yu cu sau: - Sau khi ph d nhng cng trnh v h thng k thut ngm phi san phng v m nn cht cc ho v h o theo cht yu cu; - H thng thot n|c tm thi phi bo m thot n|c tt mt bng khng b n|c ng; - Nhng cm cy xanh gi li trong khu vc thi cng phi |c bo v, trnh b h| hi trong qu trnh thi cng; - Nhng cy cht: gc cy, r cy, cc bi cy phi |c thu dn; - Cng tc san, lp phi |c hon thnh ng thit k, bo m cht v cao thit k. 3. |ng i 3.1. Khi xy dng h thng sn bi, |ng ni b trong khu nh, va h phi tun theo cc quy nh trong quy phm hin hnh v xy dng |ng t v quy phm ny. 3.2. Mt |ng i, va h v sn bi phi bo m thot n|c, khng ly li (khi m|a), khng bi (khi thi tit kh ro). 3.3. |ng i, va h, sn bi trong khu nh phi xy b va. Ch t b va sau khi thi cng xong mt |ng. 3.4. i vi lp m v lp trung gian ca |ng i cho php dng loi c kch th|c t 2,5 n 12cm; i vi lp vt liu chn ph mt: t 2 n 4cm; t 1 n 2cm v t 0,5 n 1cm. 3.5. Lng |ng cn |c bo v sch, n nh v an ton b va. Khi b va cn theo ng thit k v cc quy nh sau: - Chiu rng ca b va khng tnh vo chiu rng mt |ng; - C th b va bng , bng b tng hoc xy gch. Tr|ng hp dng o, x theo kch th|c thit k; - Mt trn ca b va phi bng, cc mi ni |c chn y va xi mng v bo m chc chn; - Lp m phi bo m n nh v lin kt tt vi b va bng va xi mng.

Tiu chun vit nam

3.6.

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b va phi t trn nn t |c nn cht n h s khng nh hn 0,9 hoc trn nn b tng, mch gia cc vin khng |c ln hn 1cm v |c chn bng va xi mng mc khng nh hn 50. Mt |ng x i vi mt |ng x than ch th chiu dy ln nht ca lp x nn ( trng thi nn cht) khng |c v|t qu 15cm. Tr|c khi ri x ln nn t phi t|i n|c (30 lt/m3 x ri). Khu lu ln phi dng lu nh bnh nhn tr|c v khng t|i n|c, sau mi dng lu nng lu ln v t|i n|c (60lt/m3 x ri). Sau khi lu ln xong mt |ng phi |c t|i n|c bo d|ng trong khong t 10 n 12 ngy (2,5 lt/m3) x ri. Mt |ng b tng

3.7.

3.8.

3.9. Mt |ng b tng phi t trn nn ct m cht n h s khng nh hn 0,95. 3.10. Chiu rng ca lp ph mt |ng bng b tng khng c ct thp khng |c ln hn 4,5m, nu chiu rng ln hn phi lm khe co, dn. Khong cch gia cc khe co khng |c ln hn 6m; khong cch gia cc khe dn khng |c ln hn 36m. 3.11. B tng mt |ng khi xong phi |c bo d|ng ngay sau 4 gi. C th ph ln b mt b tng lp ct m c chiu dy 10cm gi m trong thi gian 2 tun. Ch bo d|ng b tng phi tun theo TCVN 4453-87. 3.12. Tr|ng hp phi ct mt |ng lm khe co, dn phi dng my ct b tng chuyn dng. Khe co, dn phi c su khng nh hn 1/4 chiu dy ca lp b tng. 3.13. Cc khe co, dn phi |c dn sch v lm kh lp b tng d|i y khe v |c nht y nha |ng nng c t l 80% bi - tum v v 20% ct liu ct. Nhit ca nha |ng trong thi gian vo khe phi t ti t 160 n 180oC 3.14. Khi xy dng mt |ng b tng phi kim tra: - cht v bng phng ca nn |ng; - Kch th|c, v tr v cao ca vn khun; - Chiu dy ca lp b tng mt; - Ch bo d|ng b tng; - bng phng ca mt |ng. 3.15. Mt |ng i, va h, sn bi |c lt bng cc tm b tng c sn phi t trn nn ct m cht c dc t 1 n 2%. Cc tm t xong phi nm kht vi mt nn, khng |c knh, rp rnh khi c ti trng. Chnh lch cao gia mp hai tm cnh nhau khng |c v|t qu 5 mm. Cc mch ni |c chn va theo yu cu thit k. 4. Hng ro 4.1. Khi xy dng hng ro phi tun theo cc yu cu sau: - Hng ro (bao gm c cng ra, vo cng trnh) phi |c thi cng theo ng thit k, mt trn hng ro phi bo m cao yu cu; - Vt liu lm hng ro phi tun theo cc tiu chun Vit nam hin hnh;

Tiu chun vit nam

-

tcvn 4516 : 1988

4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5.

Nu hng ro l cy xanh th phi gieo ht hoc trng cy thnh dy trong rnh c chiu rng 50cm; c mi dy trng tip theo th chiu rng ca rnh phi tng ln 20cm. Vic trng cy xanh lm hng ro |c quy nh trong ch|ng 6 ca tiu chun ny. Phi ro hng ro ngay sau khi chn cc. i vi loi cc phi b tng chn chn cc th tin hnh ro sau 2 tun k t khi b tng chn. Cc g lm hng ro phi c |ng knh khng nh hn 14 cm, chiu di khng nh hn 2,3m. Phn cc chn trong t phi |c quet bi tum. Cc b tng khng |c c phi chn h c |ng knh khng nh hn 30 cm v phi lp v m cht tng lp mt. chn ct phi p t cao hn mt t 5 cm. Ch tin hnh b tng chn chn cc sau khi iu chnh cc v ng v tr thit k. Hng ro dy thp Hng ro dy thp phi |c ro theo a hnh ca khu t, cc si dy nn song song vi mt t v cch nhau khng qu 25 cm. Hng dy cui cng phi cao hn mt t 20 cm. Khi cng dy thp ro phi bt u t hng dy cui cng. Dy phi cng, khng b vng. Tr|ng hp c dy thp t theo chiu thng ng th phi buc tt c cc ch giao nhau ca dy thp. Khi ro l|i thp phi ch : - Cc tm l|i thp phi |c lin kt cht vi cc. Cc hng ro |c chn tr|c hoc chn ng thi vi vic t l|i thp. Hng ro b tng ct thp lp ghp

4.6.

4.7.

4.8.

4.9.

Khi lp ghp hng ro bng cc tm b tng c sn phi co sch t, va b tng rnh lp ghp hai bn cc. 4.10. Cc b tng ct thp lp ghp |c b tng chn chn cc v gi n nh tm thi trong mt tun. B tng chn chn cc c mc khng d|i 200. 4.11. i vi nh|ng ni a hnh dc, phi gi khong hng ro v tr nm ngang, chnh lch cao gia cc on khoang hng ro khng |c ln hn 1/4 chiu cao ca khoang. 4.12. Khi nghim thu hng ro phi kim tra: - thng ng v thng hng. - Sai lch so vi thit k khng |c ln hn 2 cm. - bn ca hng ro; - Khng c nhng ch h| hng lm mt v thm m ca hng ro; - Hng ro l|i thp phi |c kp gi chc chn; - Cc hng ro phi vng chc, khng b lay ng; - i vi cc cu kin lp ghp phi kim tra kn kht chc chn; - Nhng cu kin thp, nhng ch hn ni phi |c sn chng r v sn bo v.

Tiu chun vit nam

tcvn 4516 : 1988

5. Sn chi 5.1. Khi xy dng sn chi trong nh phi thc hin theo trnh t sau: - Xc nh tm mc v gii hn sn; - Lm h thng rnh thot n|c b mt; - Ri lp lt bng vt liu d thot n|c; - Xy dng lp ph mt sn; - Vch cc |ng du mc v t thit b th thao. 5.2. Lp lt |c san bng v lu ln tng lp mt, phi c chiu dy khng |c qu 30cm i vi t dnh v t ct c m un ln nh hn 2; 20cm i vi t ct c m un ln hn 2. 5.3. Lp lc phi sch, khng |c ln rc, ln xp d|i nh xp trn, kch th|c nh nht ca lp lc khng |c nh hn 7cm. 5.4. Khi xy dng sn chi trong khu nh , cn phi tun theo cc quy nh sau: a. Lp tip gip vi t nn khng |c nh hn 50cm v dng vt liu l dm, si, x, gch vn c kch th|c t 40mm n 70mm. Cho php dng vt liu c kch th|c nh hn 40mm v ln hn 70mm vi khi l|ng khng |c ln hn 1/2 khi l|ng ca lp vt liu theo thit k. b. Lp trung gian khng |c nh hn 30mm v dng vt liu l dm x c kch th|c t 15 n 20mm. c. Lp b mt phi dng dm, si, x c kch th|c t 5 n 15mm. Cho php dng vt liu c kch th|c nh hn 5mm (nh|ng khng nh hn 3mm) vi khi l|ng khng |c ln hn 1/3 khi l|ng ca lp vt liu theo thit k. 5.5. i vi sn chi trng c th lp lt phi dng loi t c thnh phn c ht gn nh| t st |c trn ln vi ct theo t l 1:1, c m un c ln nh hn 2. Chiu dy ca lp lt ln cht khng |c nh hn 8cm. 5.6. Lp t hu c ca sn chi trng c phi c thnh phn c ht gn nh| t st, c phn ng axt yu (nng pH bng 6,5) v phi khng |c nh hn 8cm. 5.7. Khi thi cng lp ph mt sn chi phi lm tr|c cc b chn; chn b va lm b b tng, b t, khng |c ri v m nn vt liu khi khng c cc b chn. 5.8. Vic trng c trn sn phi phi tun theo cc quy nh hin hnh c lin quan. 5.9. Nhng gh , bn ct, tn che nng ch ngh ngi phi lm theo ng thit k v cc yu cu sau: - Nu bng g th phi dung g nhm 3, |c bo nhn v sn bo v chng mc. - Nu bng b tng v b tng ct thp th mt phi nhn v c mc khng thp hn 200; - Cc cu kin bng thp phi |c lin kt chc chn; - Nhng cu kin trng ti ng nh|: u treo, u quay vng, cu thang.v.vphi |c kim tra vng chc v bn. 5.10. Ct trong bn ct cho tr em chi ch |c dung ct mn v khng |c ln vi , t st 6. Trng cy xanh

Tiu chun vit nam

6.1.

tcvn 4516 : 1988

6.2. 6.3. 6.4.

6.5. 6.6.

6.7. 6.8. 6.9. 6.10.

6.11.

6.12.

6.13. 6.14.

6.15.

Cy |c trng theo thit k sn v|n ca thit k cng trnh hoc ca n v chuyn mn v cy xanh. Nn chn nhng cy kho, c kh nng pht trin, khng b su bnh. Vic trng cy xanh ch tin hnh sau khi ri xong lp t hu c, lm xong |ng i, va h sn bi, hng ro v thu dn sch rc v ph liu xy dng. t hu c trng cy xanh phi |c chun b theo ng yu cu k thut canh tc, ph hp vi iu kin kh hu ca tng vng. i vi cy trng c vng t th cn o h su t 65 n 90 cm tu theo loi v kch th|c ca cy. |ng knh h o phi rng hn |ng knh vng t khong 0,5m. i vi cc cy leo, h o phi c chiu su v |ng knh 50cm. H trng cy hoa phi c chiu su v |ng knh 40cm. Khi cy trng c |ng knh thn d|i 5cm, cao 130cm th vng t c |ng knh khng |c nh hn 50cm. Khi |ng knh thn cy tng ln 1cm th |ng knh ca vng t phi tng ln 10cm. Chiu cao vng t nn trong khong t 50 n 60cm. Vng t phi |c b cht li ngay sau khi nh ln trong v|n |m. Nhng ch vng t b nt v phi p thm t hu c. i vi cy trng khng c vng t phi |c ph rm, r m hay che bt trong khi vn chuyn n ni trng. Thi gian trng cy thun li nht trong nm ph thuc vo iu kin kh hu v loi cy, tham kho theo ph lc 1. Cy tr|c khi trng phi |c ct i nhng nhnh, v r b h| hng, nhng ch ct nhnh cy phi lm sch v bi vi. Nhng cy |c nh vng nh|ng ch|a kp trng ngay th phi |c tp trung bo v ni kn gi. Khi trng cy ni t ct phi mt lp t st c chiu dy 15cm xung y h. Khi trng cy ni t chua, mn th phi lm lp thot n|c bng dm, si.v.v d|i y h (c chiu dy khng nh hn 10cm). Khi trng cy trong ma hanh, kh phi thc hin theo ng yu cu sau: - Cy trng c vng t b trong khung cng. Ch |c php b bng l, giy, khi o cy ni t st cht; - Khng |c lm v vng t khi o cy cng nh| khi vn chuyn v trng cy; - Ngn cy trong khi vn chuyn phi |c buc li v che y cho khi b kh ho; - Sau khi trng cy xong phi ct bt 30% l, phi che nng v t|i n|c cho cy mt tun hai ln v trong thi gian 1 thng. Nn trng cy trong ma xun. Ma ng khi nhit ngoi tri thp hn 10oC th khng nn trng cy. Phi dng t hu c lp cc h cy. Lp t hu c tr|c khi gieo ht c phi |c xi ti, nhng loi ht b hn 1mm khi gieo ht cn trn ln vi ct kh t l 1:1 theo th tch, nhng loi ht ln hn 1mm khi gieo trng khng cn trn ln vi ct kh. Tiu chun t|i n|c trong ngy cho cy mi trng |c quy nh: - 20 lt/mt cy trng c |ng knh vng t t 0,7 n 1m;

Tiu chun vit nam

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tcvn 4516 : 1988

50 lt/mt cy c |ng knh vng t ti 1m; - 100 lt/mt cy c |ng knh vng t ln hn 1m; - 10 lt/mt khm cy hay mt cy leo; - 10lt/m2 din tch trng hoa hay trng c; - 5 lt/mt cy hoa lu nm. 6.16. Vic nghim thu cy sau khi trng phi bo m cc yu cu sau: - Chiu dy lp t hu c ch trng cy khng |c nh hn 10cm, kim tra bng cch c 1.000m2 din tch trng th o mt h thm c kch th|c 30x30cm, nh|ng khng t hn mt ci trn mt din tch bt k; - t hu c phi mu m, khi t ngho phi bn phn; - Cy trng phi ng theo thit k quy nh, nu phi thay th bng nhm cy khc, cn tham kho ph lc 2. 6.17. T chc nhn thu phi chu trch nhim v cht l|ng trng cy xanh theo quy nh hin hnh. Ph lc 1 (Tham kho) Thi gian trng cy thun li nht
Bi cy v cy c im vng kh hu Kh hu nhit i gi ma (nng v m) Trng vo ma xun Thng 2 v 3 Trng vo ma thu Thng 8 C v hoa Bt u trng Thng 2 Kt thc trng Thng 11

Ph lc 2 (Tham kho) Nhm cy c th thay th cho nhau (Da vo gi tr s dng ca cy) Bng 1 - Cy bng mt
Cy bng Cy bng mt hoa mt hoa p thm 1 Vng Ph|ng Lim, xt Ban Kn Sa Go 2 B|i Ho Ba Ngc Lan Hong Lan Lan tua Mung vng Cy bng mt n qu 3 Mt Mum Da B|i Hng xim V sa Hng b nhi n Mt rng Gi ta Sn Liu B Cy bng mt th|ng 4 5 Thng nha Thng ui nga Bch tn u ma Bi bi nht Gi trng Chiu liu

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Chanh Du da Xoan Tru i Su Nhn Vi Kh Th Me Hng Xoi Du da xoan Gioi Nht Trm Di nga Dc N Lc vng Xoan Du n|c Ch nu Ch ch Long no Vng tm Bng Trm Lt hoa Kim giao Ging h|ng Mung ng|ng a lng Si a bp Phi lao

tcvn 4516 : 1988

Sung hoa Nha dui

Bng 2 - Cy trang tr
Cau, da Cy Cy Cy cnh Cy cnh Cy cnh cnh hng dng p hoa p leo p qu p ro Ph dung o Mn Lu M Mc Pht b Na Mu n Tr M o i vng Mn i Trc o Gng ng tiu Qut Cam Angtigon Cy vin bn

Tre, trc Trc ch

Cy hoa Hoa sen Hoa x Hoa mo g Cc ng sc

Cau bi Cam Cam chanh Chui

Cau Trc bng pht Trc i C xanh g Trc so C x Trc cn Cau cu bng Trc ho Mc long C su Trc

Dm bt X|ng rng tu Bm bm Dui l Thanh n to Chm t r Bng n X|ng Ti Dy bng rng tu t|ng xanh

Da cn Ta t ng tin Hoa n cnh

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vung Tre l ng Da D h|ng Trc vng Dm bt Bch hi Mng b trng o Dui

tcvn 4516 : 1988

Chn chim Mng Loa kn rng Bng n Du Hoa hu M|i gi Mng leo Mm si X|ng Hoa nhi Thin l rng Th|c d|c Tc tin Cc gm dy Cc trng Cc i Hoa giy o Cc kim tin Cc mng rng Cc vng to Cc bch nht Hong kim thp Cc tm Cc thi Vn th cao Tc tin

Trng nguyn Tre lung ng Vn tu nh Vn tu Vu Liu i Thin Na Ng ng tu cnh Giang Tng B|ng Mai Chui qut Huyt d d

Tre vng Sc Da Tre gai lng Ngu Mng b trng inh lng i Trc o vng