Assumption University Faculty of Engineering TE 3000 Principles of Communications Semester 2/2012 Assignment II Due 03/12/12

1. Digital communications is basically about transmitting 0 and 1. However, random noise and interference along the path may alter the signal and cause fault detections at the receiver (detected as 0 when 1 was sent, or detected as 1 when 0 was sent). Suppose the Bit Error Rate (BER), defined as the probability that the received bit is different from the transmitted bit, is equal to 0.1. If 0 is detected at the receiver, determine the probability that it is correct (i.e., 0 was sent) when: a. Probability of transmitting 0 is equal to Probability of transmitting 1 = 0.5 b. Probability of transmitting 0 = 0.1 Probability of transmitting 1 = 0.9

2. Referring to problem 1, to reduce the chance of error, we send 00000 instead of 0 and 11111 instead of 1, and the receiver of a message uses majority decoding (e.g., 10110 is decoded as 1). If the message 110 is sent as 11111 11111 00000, what is the probability that it will be correctly decoded by the receiver?
cxy 2 3. Given a joint probability density function; f ( x, y ) 0 a. Find the appropriate value of c. b. Find P(X<1,Y<1). c. Find P(1<Y<2.5). d. Find E[XY] 0 x3 0 y2 else

4. In an Electric Circuit class, the total score of students has normal distribution with mean equal to 60 and a standard deviation of 10. If the instructor wants only 5% of the class to get A, what is the lowest score for grade A? Note: Table of probability associated with Gaussian distribution can be found on the course website.