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Plant Layout PDF
Plant Layout PDF
INTRODUCTION
The step forward, in the sequence, after location and site decision. The floor plan, indicating the location of the various work centres, plant, associated offices and supporting facilities. Hence, The judicious selection of the location of the plants and machines should be in such a way, as to facilitate uninterrupted and quick movements of input material through pre-determined cycle of preoperations, till they are transformed as outputs, in the form of products and services, with minimum material handling and management, with maximum efficiency and quality of operation leading to minimum overall cost of the entire process/ operations.
IMPORTANCE OF LAYOUT
Facilitates: Manufacturing process. Facilitates quick movements by reduction of transportation & waiting time Minimises material movement & handling. Efficient utilisation of resources: Men, Materials, Machines. Achieves efficiency by effective planning. Improves quality of operations by proper selection of plant, machinery, operations & sequencing.
Types of Production Production System Scale of Production Type of machines Type of Building Facilities Availability of Total Floor Area Possibility of Future Expansion Arrangement of Material Handling Equipment
Product or Line layout Process or Functional layout Fixed Position or Project layout Combination layout (Mixed layout)
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Low cost material handling Smooth and uninterrupted operations Continuous flow of work Optimum use of floor space Shorter processing time Simple and effective inspection of work
2.PROCESS LAYOUT
Product A : Product B :
Lower initial capital investment The overhead cost are relatively low Supervision can be more effective and specialised Greater flexibility
Material handling costs are high due to backtracking More skilled labour is required More frequent inspection is needed
MANUFACTURING OF SHIP
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It saves time and cost involved on the movement of work from one work station to another The layout is flexible as change in job design and operation sequence can be easily incorporated It is more economical when several orders in different stages of progress are being executed simultaneously
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Production period being very long, capital investment is very heavy Very large space is required for storage of material and equipment near the product
4. COMBINATION LAYOUT
A
Lathe Drilling
painting
Press
C
inspection
Shaping
D
Milling
packaging
Cellular layout
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