RIO Unit 06- Biology
Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology
1. Why is the presence of DNA
important for cellular metabolic
activities? (Evaluating)
A Because DNA directs the
production of enzymes
B Because DNA is a structural
component of cell walls
C Because DNA directly increases
the solubility of nutrients
D Because DNA is the major
component of cytoplasm
2. Which nitrogenous bases make up
DNA nucleotides? (Knowing)
A Adenine, thymine, guanine, and
cytosine
B Adenine, uracil, guanine and
cytosine
C Adenine, thymine, uracil, and
cytosine
D Adenine, thymine, guanine, and
uracil
3. Which of the following is a nucleotide
found in DNA? (Analyzing)
A Ribose + phosphate group + thymine
B Ribose + phosphate group + uracil
C Deoxyribose + phosphate group +
uracil
D Deoxyribose + phosphate group +
cytosine
4. What does DNA contain that RNA
does not? (Knowing)
A Uracil
B Thymine
C Cytosine
D Guanine
5. Which type(s) of RNA is/are involved
in protein synthesis? (Organizing)
A Transfer RNA only
B Messenger RNA only
C Ribosomal RNA and Transfer RNA
only
D Ribosomal RNA, Transfer RNA and
Messenger RNA
6. How could the RNA molecule formed
during transcription be described?
(Analyzing)
 A It is complementary to both strands B rRNA
of DNA
C mRNA
B It is complimentary to neither strand
of DNA D RNA polymerase

C It is double-stranded

D It is formed inside of the nucleus

10. What is the process in which DNA is

copied? (Knowing)
7. How many codons are needed to
specify three amino acids? (Applying) A Replication

A3 B Translation

B6 C Transcription

C9 D Transformation

D 12

11. Which best describes eukaryotic

DNA? (Analyzing)
8. Which of the following terms is
LEAST closely related to the others? A It floats freely
(Evaluating)
B It is located in the nucleus
A Transcription
C It is locate at the ribosomes
B tRNA
D It is circular
C Polypeptide

D Anticodon

12. What is produced during

9. Which type of RNA functions as a transcription? (Generating)
blueprint of the genetic code?
A RNA molecules
A tRNA
 B DNA molecules B Inversion

C RNA polymerase C Point mutation

D Proteins D Translocation

13. What happens during the process of
translation? (Analyzing)
A Messenger RNA is made from DNA
B The cell uses information from
messenger RNA to produce proteins
C Transfer RNA is made from
messenger RNA
D Copies of DNA molecules are made
16. What does analyzing DNA by gel
electrophoresis allow scientists to do?
(Integrating)
A Identify similarities in the genomes
of different kinds of organisms
B Determine whether a particular
allele of a gene is dominant or recessive
C Compare the phenotypes of different
organisms

D Cut DNA with restriction enzymes

14. What is the ultimate source of

genetic variability? (Analyzing)

A Inbreeding

B Plasmids

C Mutations

D Hybridization

15. What is a mutation that involves a

single nucleotide? (Knowing)

A Chromosomal mutation
17. What is the molecule pictured
above? (Applying)
A A nucleic acid

B A protein

C An amino acid

D Uracil

18. What is a clone? (Analyzing)

A An organism with recombinant DNA
B A genetically identical organism
C An organism produced in a
laboratory
20. What is represented by the dotted
lines in the diagram above? (Knowing)
A Covalent bonds
B Ionic bonds

D An organism with a genetic C Vander Waals interactions

deformity
D Hydrogen bonds

21. Which of the following can be used

19. Which technique is utilized by
scientists to reproduce large quantities of
a sequence of DNA in a relatively short
amount of time? (Evaluating)
A Gel Electrophoresis
to produce organisms with desirable
traits? (Evaluating)
I. Inbreeding
II. Genetic engineering
III. Inducing mutations

B Restriction Enzyme Analysis A I only

C Polymerase Chain Reaction B II only

D Southern Blotting C I and III only

D I, II, and III

 II They contain recombinant
DNA
22. Which of the following III They contain a human gene
characteristics does NOT apply to
plasmids? (Evaluating) A I only
A Made of DNA
B II only
B In bacterial cells
C II and III only
C In animal cells
D I, II and III
D Circular

24. Which of the following would

indicate that the bacteria contain the
human gene? (Generating)
I They are resistant to ampicillin
II They produce the human
protein encoded by the human gene
III They produce ampicillin

A I only

B II only

C II and III only

D I, II and III only

25. What has the ability to cut DNA into

The following reading should be used shorter segments? (Analyzing)
for questions 23-24. A Plasmids
A researcher chooses a plasmid with a
gene that confers resistance to the B Restriction enzymes
antibiotic ampicillin. She isolates and
tries to insert a human gene that encodes C Mutagens
for a protein into the plasmid. Next, she
transforms bacteria using the plasmid. D Clones
She then cultures the bacteria on a
nutrient medium containing ampicillin.
26. During DNA replication, which
23. What can the researcher conclude sequence of nucleotides would bond
about the bacteria containing the human with the DNA sequence TATGA?
gene? (Integrating) (Generating)
I They are resistant to ampicillin A TATGA
 B UAUGA B Samples #1 and #3

C ATACT C Sample #3 only

D ATACA D Sample #1, #2 and #3

27. Which of the following nucleotide(s)
bond(s) with adenine? (Organizing)
A Thymine only
B Uracil only
30. If the scientist had analyzed mRNA
rather that DNA, what percentage of
uracil would you expect to find in
sample #1? (Generating)
A 15%

C Cytosine and guanine B 25%

D Thymine and uracil C 35%

D 40%
28. Which of the following molecules
includes anticodons in its structure?
(Organizing)
A DNA

B Messenger RNA

C Transfer RNA
D Ribosomal RNA
Use the following information to
answer questions 29-30.
A scientist analyzed several DNA
samples to determine the relative
proportions of purine and pyrimidine
bases. Her data are summarized in the
table below:
31. What is an expressed gene?
(Applying)
A One that functions as a promoter
B One that is transcribed into RNA
C One that codes for only one amino
acid
D One that is made of mRNA

Percentages of Bases in Three Samples

Sample G C A T
#1 35% 35% 15% 15%
#2 40% 10% 40% 10%
#3 25% 25% 25% 25%

29. Which sample(s) support(s) the base-

pairing rules? (Applying))
A Sample #1 only
32. What are changes in the DNA 33. How many amino acids can be
sequence that affect genetic information? produced from a single translation of an
(Knowing) mRNA strand that is 30 nucleotides
A Replications long? (Applying)
A 30
B Mutations
B 10
C Transformations
C3
D Prokaryotes
D 60

Use the Codon Chart above to answer questions 34-36.

34. Which of the following codons would encode for the alanine amino acid? (Analyzing)
A GAU

B GCU
 C CGC

D GUU

35. What is the amino acid sequence formed by the sequence of RNA nucleotides AUG-
UGG-CUA? (Evaluating)
A Methionine-Stop

B Tyrosine- Threonine- Aspartate

C Methionine- Tryptophan- Leucine

D Valine- Glycine- Threonine

36. What is the amino acid sequence formed by the sequence of DNA nucleotides TAC-
AAA-CGT? (Integrating)
A Methionine- Phenylalanine- Alanine

B Methionine- Leucine- Alanine

C Tyrosine- Lysine- Arginine

D Leucine- Phenylalanine- Serine