REAL ACADEMY

Std.: IX (English) Science And Technology 2

Date: 21 OCT 22
Chapter: cha 16
Q.1 Fill in the blank and rewrite the completed statements 13
1 Person suffering from down syndrome has ................ chromosomes.

2 Diseases or disorders occurring due to abnormalities in ............... and mutations in genes are called
genetic disorders.

3 Transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring is called ............... .

4 The branch of biology which studies the transfer of characteristics of organisms from one generation to
the next, and genes in particular, is called ‘. .............. ’.

5 ‘. ............. ’ which contain the information about hereditary characteristics in coded form are located on
chromosomes.

6 Mitochondrial DNA may become defective due to ................ in genes.

7 The RNA molecule which, according to the message of the mRNA carries the amino acid up to the
ribosomes is called ................ RNA.

8 Genetic name of the pea plant is ............... .

9 In chromosomal condition becomes ............... , in Klinefelter syndrome.

10 Chromosomes are mainly made up of ................ as genetic component.

11 The bond formed by sharing of electron is called ‘. ..............’bond.

12 The structure in the nucleus of cells that carries the hereditary characteristics is called the ............... .

13 Each strand in the molecule of DNA is made up of many small molecules known as ‘. .............. ’.

Q.2 Find the odd one out 5

1 Mutation in a single gene.
Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, Albinism, Klinefelter syndrome .

2 Dominant and recessive trait in a pea plant.

Inflated pod, Yellow pod, Tall plant, Round seed.

3 Genetic material.
tRNA, mRNA, rRNA, DNA

4 Dominant and recessive trait in a pea plant.

Green seed, purple flower, Terminal flower, dwarf plant.

Q.3 Find co-related terms 11

1 Somatic cells : autosomes :: Gametes : ?

2 Column 'A' Column 'B' Column 'C'

1. Turner syndrome a. 45 + X i. Women are sterile
2. Klinefelter syndrome b. 45 + XXY ii. Men are sterile
c. 44 + XX iii. Men are fertile
d. 44 + XXY iv. Women are fertile
 3 One pair of contrasting characters : Monohybrid cross ::
Two pairs of contrasting characters : ?

4 Column 'A' Column 'B' Column 'C'

1. Leber hereditary optic a. Turner syndrome i. Effect on blood-glucose level
neuropathy
2. Diabetes b. Mitochondrial ii. Men are sterile
disorder
c. Monogenic disorder iii. white hairs
d. Polygenic disorder iv. This disorder arises during development of
zygote.
5 Column 'A' Column 'B' Column 'C'
1. Albinism a. Trisomy of 21st i. Pale skin, white hairs
Chromosome
2. Down b. Monosomy of X ii. Women are sterile
syndrome chromosome
c. Monogenic disorder iii. 21st pair in every cell of their body.
d. Polygenic disorder iv. This disorder arises during development of
zygote.
6 Similar chromosomes : Homologous :: Dissimilar chromosomes : ?

7 Single gene mutation : Monogenic disorders ::

Multiple gene mutation : ?

8 Women : Turner syndrome : : Men : ?

9 P : Parental generation :: F : ?

10 Klinefelter syndrome : 44+XXY :: Turner syndrome : ?

11 3:1 Monohybrid: : 9:3:3:1 : ?

Q.4 State True or False 14

1 Organisms produced by asexual reproduction show major variations.

2 In humans, Information necessary for protein synthesis in the cell is stored in DNA.

3 Down syndrome is a disorder arising due to single gene mutation.

4 The centromere is exactly at the mid-point in Telocentric chromosome.

5 Chromosomes in women are represented as 44+XY and in men as 44+XX.

6 Polygenic disorders arise from a complex interaction between defects in several genes.

7 The quantity of growth hormones produced by a plant depends upon the efficiency of the concerned
enzyme.

8 Klinefelter syndrome arises in women due to abnormalities in sex chromosomes.

9 Consumption of tobacco in any form can cause cancer.

10 Information about lipids synthesis is stored in the genes.

11 Chromosomal abnormalities include either increase or decrease in numbers and deletion or

translocation of any part of the chromosome.

12 Normal haemoglobin has valine.

13 Genetic material is transferred in unequal quantity from parents to progeny.

Q.5 Name the following 9
1 Two purines present in DNA.

2 Any two Disorders due to mutations in multiple genes.

3 Any two monogenic disorders.

4 Two nucleic acids present in the cells.

5 Two pyrimidines present in DNA.

6 Any two types of chromosomes.

7 Any two blood related physiological genetic diseases.

8 Any two Disorders due to chromosomal abnormalities.

9 Two types of Mendelian crosses.

Q.6 Multiple Choice Questions (Activity) 11

1 Adenine always pairs with ................ in RNA.
a. uracil
b. cytosine
c. thymine
d. guanine

2 Except the allosomes, all other chromosomes are called ‘. ............. ’.

a. sex-autosomes
b. allosomes
c. heterologous chromosomes
d. homologous chromosomes

3 Consumption of tobacco in any form can cause ............... .

a. Albinism
b. Mitochondrial disorder
c. Cancer
d. Diabetes

4 Which of the following are called ‘Master Molecules’?

a. Chromosomes
b. nucleotide
c. mRNA
d. DNA

5 Which type of chromosome is the following?

a. Sub-Metacentric
b. Metacentric
c. Acrocentric
d. Telocentric

6 The segment of DNA which contains all the information for synthesis of a particular protein is called a
‘. ............. ’ for that protein.
a. gene
b. trait
c. chromosome
d. DNA protein

7 If one end of the DNA strand is sugar molecule the other end will have
a. RNA
b. anti-sugar molecule
 c. nitrogenous base
d. phosphoric acid

8 Following fig shows which of the following?

a. types of ribosomes
b. structure of DNA possible
c. types of RNA
d. structure of RNA

9 During fertilization, mitochondria are contributed by ...............

a. female gamete
b. male gamete
c. endosperm
d. male cytoplasm

10 Arrangement of DNA is in the form of

a. linear
b. spiral
c. single helix
d. double helix

11 Chromosomes in men are represented as ............... .

a. 45+XY
b. 44+XY
c. 44+XXY
d. 44+XX

Q.7 Multiple Choice Questions (Experiment) 9

1 Harmful effects of smoking are due to the .................present in tobacco.
a. biotin
b. smoke
c. carbon
d. nicotine

2 Each rung of the ladder is a pair of nitrogenous bases joined by ................ bonds.
a. oxygen
b. nitrogen
c. hydrogen
d. phosphoric

3 This chromosome look like the English letter ‘i’. Which of the following is this?
a. Metacentric
b. Telocentric
c. Acrocentric
d. Sub-Metacentric

4 What is chromosome mainly made of ?

a. DNA and RNA
 b. protein and rRNA
c. protein and mRNA
d. protein and DNA

5 In sickle cell anemia, the ................ which are normally biconcave become sickle-shaped.
a. plama cells
b. Platelets
c. WBCs
d. RBCs

6 Diseases or disorders occurring due to abnormalities in ................ and mutations in genes are called
genetic disorders.
a. RNA
b. Chromosomes
c. Ribosomes
d. mRNA

7 Which of the following has only one arm?

a. Telocentric
b. Metacentric
c. Acrocentric
d. Sub-Metacentric

8 23rd pair of chromosome in humans is known as ............... .

a. allosome
b. autosome
c. chromosome
d. centromere

9 Principles of heredity were given by ............... .

a. Francis Crick
b. Watson
c. Mendel
d. Mischer

Q.8 Write Short Notes 24

1 Genetic disorders.

2 Chromosome.

3 Dihybrid cross

4 Polygenic disorders.

5 Monogenic disorders.

6 Sickle cell anaemia: symptoms and treatment.

7 Heredity.

8 Monohybrid cross.

9 Monogenic disorders.

10 Albinism

11 Chromosome
 12 Down syndrome

Q.9 Give scientific reasons 6

1 Organisms produced by asexual reproduction show minor variations.

2 When green seeds crossed with yellow seeds, all seeds in F 1 generation were found to be yellow.

3 It is necessary for people to have their blood examined before marriage.

Q.10 Give examples 8

1 Nitrogen bases in RNA.

2 Polygenic disorders

3 Single gene disorders.

4 Nitrogen bases in DNA