Tit 17&18: n tp chng I

I. L thuyt

1. Cac h thc :
a) Canh huyn, canh goc vung va hnh chiu cua no trn canh huyn : p2 = p.q ; r2 = r.q b) Cac canh 1 1 1 goc 2 vung va2 ng 2 r h p cao:
c) ng cao va hnh chiu cua cac
P q

r
r h p Q p

2. Vit cac cng thc:

a) Tnh t s lng goc : giac cua c b = sin = ; tg a a
c b

b cos = c

; cotg

c = b

b) T s lng giac goc va t s cua cua lng giac goc :

sin = cos ; tg =cotg cos = sin ; cotg =tg

3. Vit cac cng thc:

a)Tnh cac canh goc c vung theo canh huyn va t s lng giac cac goc va : c = a.sin ;b = a.sin c = a.cos ;b = a.cos b) Tnh mi canh c = b.tg goc vung theo c = b.cotg canh goc vung kia va t s lng
b

; b = c. tg ; b = c.cotg

4. giai mt tam giac vung cn co t nht my goc va canh? Co lu y g v s canh?

Tra li: giai mt tam giac vung cn bit t nht hai canh hoc mt canh va mt goc nhon.

II.KIN THC CN GHI NH

Tom tt cac kin thc cn nh

1) Cac h thc v canh va ng cao trong tam giac vung : *b2 = ab ; c2 = ac *h = bc 1 1 1 *ha=bc Cho tam giac ABC vung tai A:
C

a
b H

h
A c B

h
*

b2
=

c
+

Tom tt cac kin thc cn nh

2) nh ngha cac t s lng giac cua goc nhon: Canh sin = i cos = k Canh
Canh huyn Canh

tg
cotg

huyn Canh = i Canh k Canh = k Canh i

C a n h k

Canh huyn

Canh i

Tom tt cac kin thc cn nh

3) Mt s tnh cht cua cac t s lng giac: Cho va phu nhau nn sin = cos ; cos = sin tg = cotg ;cotg =tg Cho ta goc nhon co: cos sin 0< sin <1 ; 0< cos <1 sin 2 =1 sin2 +cos cos
B

A C

Tom tt cac kin thc cn nh

4) Cac h thc v canh va goc trong tam giac vung: Tam giac ABC vung taiA: b = sinB.a ; c = sinC.a b = cosC.a ; c = cosB.a b = tgB.c ; c = tgC.b b = cotgC.c ; c = cotgB.b
B

III. LUYN TP

Bai 33 (SGK/93) Chon kt qua ung trong cac kt qua di y : a) Trong hnh 41, sin bng :
A)

5 3 5 B) 4 3 C) 5 3 D) 4

Hnh 41

Bai 33 (SGK/93) Chon kt qua ung trong cac kt qua di y : b) Trong hnh 42, sin Q bng :
P

A)

PR RS PR B) QR PS C) SR SR D) QR

Hnh 42

Bai 33 (SGK/93) Chon kt qua ung trong cac kt qua di y : c) Trong hnh 43, Cos 300 bng :
A)

B)

2a 3 a 3 3 2

2a a

300

C)
D)

3a
2

2 3a

Hnh 43

Bai 34 (SGK/93&94) a) Trong hnh 44, h thc nao trong cac h thc sau la ung :
A)

B)
C) D)

b Sin c b cotg c a tg c a cotg c

Hnh 44

Bai 34 (SGK/93&94) b) Trong hnh 45, h thc nao trong cac h thc sau khng ung :
A)

sin cos 1
2 2

B)

sin cos
cos sin (90 - )
0

C) D)

Hnh 45

sin tg cos

Bai 36 (SGK/94)
: Cho tam giac co mt goc bng 450. ng cao chia mt canh k vi goc o thanh hai phn 20cm va 21cm. Tnh canh ln trong hai canh con lai. (co hai trng hp nh hnh 46 va hnh 47)

450 20

21

Hnh 46

450 21

Hnh 47

20

Bai giai:
ABC, = 900 , AH BC ; Ta co hai trng hp nh sau : 1) Nu HB = 20 va HC = 21 V AH BC va HB < HC AB < AC AHB vung tai H va co B = 450 AHB vung cn tai H. Nn HA = HB = 20 AH 2 HC 2 A AC = AHC Vung tai H Nn
212 202 29

450

B
20

H
21

Hnh 46

Bai giai:
ABC, = 900 , AH BC ; Ta co hai trng hp nh A sau :
450

B
21

C H Hnh 47
20

1) Nu HB = 21 va HC = 20 V AH BC va HB > HC AB > AC AHB Vung tai H va co B = 450 AHB vung cn tai H.AH2 BH 2 212 212 Nn HA = HB = 21 AB =

Bai 37 (SGK/94)
: Cho tam giac ABC co AB = 6cm; AC = 4,5cm; BC = 7,5cm. a) C/minh: ABC vung tai A. Tnh cac goc B, C va ng cao AH cua tam giac o. b) Hoi: im M ma din tch tam giac MBC bng din tch tam giac ABC

A 6 cm 4,5 cm C H

7,5 cm

Bai giai:
a) Ta co AB2 + AC2 = 62 + 4,52 =56,25 (Cm) va BC2 = 7,52 =56,25 (Cm) AB2 + AC2 = BC2 V vy ABC vung tai A ( Pytago ao ) AC 4,5 0,8 Xet ABC vung tai A ta co sin B = CB 7,5 B 370 A ABC vung tai A B + C = 900 6 cm C = 900 - B 900 - 370 4,5 cm 0 C 53 ABC vung ; AH BC nn C AB . AC = HA . BC H AB.AB 6 x 4,5 HA 3,6 (Cm) 7,5 cm BC 7,5

Bai giai:
b) Ta co :

S ABC
S MBC

1 = AH . BC 2 1 = BC . hM 2

S MBC h Ma: S ABC = = AH A M Vy M cach BC mt oan khng i bng6 cm AH nn M nm trn hai ng 4,5 thng cm song song vi BC va cach BC mt khoang khng i bng AH C Ngc lai, khi nm trn mt ng H thng song song vi BC va cach BC mt 7,5 oan cm AH S ABC S= MBC khng i th

Bai 38 (SGK/95)
: Hai chic thuyn A va B v tr c minh hoa nh trong hnh ve. Tnh khoang cach gia chung (lam tron n met)
A

150

500
I

380m

Bai giai:
Ta co : K = K1 + K2 = 150 + 500 = 650 AI = IK . tgK2 = 380 . tg 500 452,2 ( m ) BI = IK . Tg K = 380 . tg 750 813,2 ( m ) ma BA = BI - AI BA 813,2 - 452,2 361 ( m ) Vy khoang cach gia 2 con thuyn gn bng 361 met.

Chuc cac ban co mt bui hoc vui ve va y hng thu!

Sin =

T 4
Lp 9/12

Bye bye!