PHAN NG TRAO I ION TRONG DUNG DICH - pH

bi 1.Mt dung dch c cha 4 ion vi thnh phn : 0,01 mol Na+, 0,02 mol Mg2+, 0,015 mol
SO42- v a mol Cl- . Gi tr ca a l
A. 0,015
B. 0,035
C. 0,02
D. 0,01
bi 2. Dung dch A cha 2 cation l Fe2+; 0,1 mol v Al3+: 0,2 mol v hai anion l Cl_
x mol v SO42- : y mol. em c cn dung dch A thu c 46,9 gam hn hp mui khan. Gi
tr ca x,y ln lt l
A. 0,6 v 0,1
B. 0,3 v 0,2
C. 0,5 v 0,15
D. 0,2 v 0,3
bi 3.Chia hn hp X gm 2 kim loi c ho tr khng i thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
P1: Ho tan ho tan hon ton bng dung dch HCl d thu c 1,792 lt H2(ktc)
P2. Nung trong khng kh d, thu c 2,84 gam hn hp rn ch gm cc oxit.
Khi lng hn hp X l
A. 1,56g
B. 1,8g
C. 2,4g
D. 3,12g
bi4. Cho hn hp X gm a mol FeS2 v 0,045 mol Cu2S tc dng va vi HNO3 long ,
un nng thu c dung dch ch cha mui sunfat ca cc kim loi v gii phng kh NO spk
duy nht . Gi tr a l
A. 0,045
B. 0,09
C. 0,135
D. 0,18
bi 5. Dung dch X cha 5 ion : Mg2+, Ba2+, Ca2+ , 0,1 mol Cl_ v 0,2 mol NO3-. Thm dn V
lt dung dch K2CO3 1M vo X n khi c lng kt ta ln th gi tr V ti thiu cn dng
l
A. 150ml
B. 300ml
C. 200ml
D. 250ml
bi 6. Ho tan 10 gam hn hp X gm Mg v Fe bng dung dch HCl 2M. Kt thc th
nghim thu c dung dch Y v 5,6 lt H2(ktc). kt ta hon ton cc cation c trong Y
cn va 300ml dung dch NaOH 2M. Th tch dung dch HCl dng
A. 0,2 lt
B. 0,24 lt
C. 0,3lt
D. 0,4lt
Bi7. ho tan hon ton 20 gam hn hp X gm Fe,FeO , Fe3O4, Fe2O3 cn va 700ml
dung dch HCl 1M thu c dung dch Y v 3,36 lt H2(ktc). Cho NaOH d vo dung dch Y
ri ly ton b kt ta thu c em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i th
lng cht rn thu c l
A. 8g
B. 16g
C. 24g
D. 32g
Bai8. Thm m gam K vo 300ml dung dch cha Ba(OH)2 0,1 M v NaOH 0,1M thu c
dung dch X. Cho t t dung dch X vo 200ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,1M thu c kt ta Y.
thu c lng kt ta Y ln nht th gi tr ca m l
A. 1,71g
B. 1,95g
C. 1,17
D. 1,59g
Bai9. Cho 3,06 gam hn hp K2CO3 v MgCO3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl thu c V lt
kh (kc) v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X thu c 3,39 gam mui khan. Gi tr ca V l
A.0,224
B. 0,448
C. 0,336
D. 0,672
Bai10. Dung dch X cha hn hp gm Na2CO3 1,5M v KHCO3 1M. Nh t t tng git cho
n ht 200ml dung dch HCl 1M vo 100 ml dung dch X, sinh ra V lt kh ( ktc). Gi tr
ca V l:
A. 4,48 B. 1,12
C. 2,24
D. 3,36
Bi11. Cho 5,8 gam mui ccbonat c cng thc RCO3 ho tan bng dung dch H2SO4 long
va thu c mt cht kh v dung dch A. C cn dung dch A thu c 7,6 gam mui
sunfat trung ho khan. Kim loi trong mui cacbonat l
A. Fe
B. Ba
C. Ca
D. Zn
bi 12. Ho tan 4,6 gam Na vo 100 ml dung dch HCl 1 M thu c dung dch X . Tnh pH
ca dung dch X.
Bai13. Ho tan 4,9 gam H2SO4 vo nc to thnh mt lt dung dch. Tnh pH ca dung dch
thu c?
Bai14. Cho m gam hn hp Mg, Al vo 250 ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit HCl 1M v
axit H2SO4 0,5M, thu c 5,32 lt H2 ( ktc) v dung dch Y(coi th tch dung dch khng
i). Dung dch Y c pH l
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Bai15. Trn 100ml dung dch gm Ba(OH)2 0,1 M v NaOH 0,1 M vi 400 ml dung dch
gm H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M , thu c dung dch X . Gi tr pH ca dung dch X l
A. 1
B. 2
C. 6
D. 7
Bai16. Dung dch HCl v dung dch CH3COOH c cng nng mol/lit. Gi tr pH tng
ng ca 2 dung dch tng ng l x v y . Quan h gia x v y l ( gi thit , c 100 phn t
CH3COOH th c 1 phn t in li)
A. y= 100x
B. y= 2x
C. y= x-2
D. y = x+2.
Bai17. Tnh nng mol / lt ca dung dch Ba(OH)2 c pH= 12.
Bai18. Tnh th tch dung dch KOH 0,05M cn cho vo 100 ml dung dch hn hp HNO 3 v
HCl c pH=1 pH ca dung dch thu c bng 2.
Bai19. Trn 150ml dung dch HCl a mol/l vi 250 ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,5M v
Ba(OH)2 0,1 M c dung dch X c pH = 12. Tinh a=?
Bai20. Cho a gam Na vo nc thu c 1,5 lit dung dch X co pH = 12. Tinh a
Bai21.Trn 200ml hn hp dung dch HCl 0,1 mol/l v H2SO4 0,05 M vi 300 ml dung dch
Ba(OH)2 a mol/lit thu c m gam kt ta v 500 mldung dch Y co pH = 13. Tinh a v m
Cu 22. Ha tan hon ton 0,1 mol FeS2 trong dd HNO3 c, nng thu c kh NO2 v dd c
cha Fe3+, SO2-4. Tnh s mol HNO3 P ?
A. 1,4 mol
B. 1,5 mol
C. 1,8 mol
D. 2,1 mol
Cu 23. Trn dung dch HNO3 1,5M v HCl 2,5M theo t l th tch 1 : 1 thu c dung dch
X. Hy xc nh th tch ca dung dch NaOH 1M cn dng trung ho 100 ml dung dch
X.
A. 100 ml
B. 200 ml
C. 300 ml
D. 400 ml
Cu 24. t 24,0 gam hn hp X gm Cu, Al, Fe trong khng kh thu c 40 gam hn hp
cc oxit kim loi. Tnh th tch dung dch H 2SO4 2M cn dng ha tan va ht 40 gam hn
hp cc oxit ?
A. 1 lt
B. 500 ml
C. 250 ml
D. 125 ml
Cu 25. Sc 4,48 lt CO2 vo 200 ml dung dch cha NaOH 1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,6M thu c
bao nhiu gam kt ta ?
A. 39,4 gam
B. 15,76 gam
C. 23,64 gam D. 7,88 gam
Cu 26. Trn 100 ml dung dch X cha Ba(OH) 2 0,2M v NaOH 0,1M vi 100 ml dung dch
Y cha H2SO4 v HCl 0,1M thu c dung dch Z v 2,33 gam kt ta. Xc nh pH ca dung
dch Z.
Cu 27. Trn V1 (lt) dung dch NaOH pH= 13 vi V2 (lt) dung dch HNO3 pH = 1. Xc nh
t s V1/V2 pH ca dung dch thu c= 2.
A. V1/V2 = 1/1
B. V1/V2 = 11/9
C. V1/V2 = 9/11
D. V1/V2 = 1/2
Cu 28. Cho t t 200 ml dung dch HCl 1,0M vo 200 ml dung dch cha NaHCO 3 v
Na2CO3 thu c 1,12lt CO2 (ktc). Xc nh nng mol/l ca Na2CO3 trong dung dch.
A. 0,5M
B. 1,25M
C. 0,75M
D. 1,5 M
Cu 29. Trn 2 dung dch NaOH 1M vi dung dch HCl 1M thu c dung dch X. Hy cho
bit mi trng ca dung dch X?
A. axit
B. baz
C. trung tnh
D. khng xc nh.
Cu 30.Trn 200ml HNO3 1M vi 300ml Ba(OH)2 0,5M thu c dd B. Thm vo 500 ml
nc, hy cho bit pH ca dd thu c.
A. pH = 1
B. pH = 12
C. pH =13
D. pH = 14
Cu 31. Trn 100 ml dung dch cha H2SO4 0,1M v HNO3 0,3M vi 100 ml dung dch cha
Ba(OH)2 0,3M v KOH 0,1M thu c dung dch X v kt ta Y. Cho qu tm vo dung dch
Y, hin tng g xy ra ?
A. qu tm chuyn sang
B. qu tm chuyn sang xanh
C. qu tm khng chuyn mu.
D. qu tm mt mu.
Cu 32. Trn dung dch H2SO4 0,05M v HNO3 0,1M theo t l th tch l 1 : 4 thu c
dung dch X. Vy pH ca dung dch X l :
A. pH = 1
B. pH = 1,5
C. pH = 2
D. pH = 3

Cu 33. Cho m gam hh X gm Na v K vo nc thu c dd X c pH = 13 v th tch kh

H2 bay ra l 2,24 lt. Vy th tch ca dd X l :
A. 1,0 lt
B. 1,25 lt
C. 1,45 lt
D. 2,0 lt
Cu 34. Mt dung dch c cc ion sau : Ba2+ 0,1M ; Na+ 0,15M ; Al3+ 0,1M ; NO-3 0,25M v
Cl- a M. Hy xc nh gi tr ca a ?
A. 0,4M
B. 0, 35M
C. 0,3M
D. 0,45M
Cu 35. Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dung dch
(gmH2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M), thu c dung dch X. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X l
A. 7.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 6.
Cu 36.trong mt dung dch c cha a mol Fe3+;b mol Mg2+; c mol Cl-; d mol NO-3
a:lp biu thc lin h gia a,b,c,d
b;nu a=0,01; b=0,01; c=0,03 th d bng bao nhiu?
Cu 37. mt dung dch cha hai loi cation l Zn2+(0,1mol)v Al3+(0,2mol)cng vi hai loi
anion NO3-(x mol) v SO42-(y mol).tnh x,y bit rng khi c cn dung dch thu c 58,7g cht
rn khan.
Cu 38.trong dung dch HNO3 0,01 M,tch s ion ca nc l:
a.[H+][OH-]=10-14
.[H+][OH-]>10-14
b. .[H+][OH-]<10-14
d.khng xc nh c
Cu 39.dung dch KOH 0,001M c pH bng bao nhiu?
a .pH=14
b. pH=11
c.pH=3
d.pH=7
Cu 40. ho tan thm NaCl vo dung dch NaCl th pH ca dung dch mi thay i th no?
a,tng
b, gim
c.khng thay i
d.lc u gim sau tng dn
Cu 15.nu mt dd c pH =9 th dd ny l:
a.axit,
b.baz
c.trung tnh d. khng xc nh.
Cu 41.gi tr ca pH no sau y cho bit dd c nng H+ ln nht?
a.pH=4
b.pH=2
c.pH=10
d.pH=14
Cu 42.nc nguyn cht
a. khng cha ion OH- v khng cha ion H3O+
b [ H3O+] > [ OH-]
c.[ H3O+] = [ OH-]
d. [ H3O+] < [ OH-]
Cu 43. cht rn no khi tan trong nc khng lm thay i gi tr pH nc?
a. Na2CO3
b.K2CO3
c.NH4Cl
d.KCl
Cu 44. hai dung dch: HCl v dung dch H2SO4 c nng mol tng ng l 2:1. Khng
nh no sau l ng:
a.gi tr pH bng nhau
b. .[ H3O+]=[ OH-]
c. pH(HCl) > pH(H2SO4)
d.cng nng ion hiroxit OHCu 45. vit hng s phn ly axit Ka hoc hng s phn ly baz Kb cho cc trng hp sau:
HF; ClO-; NH4+; FCu 46. mt dung dch c [OH-]=2,5.10-10M; .mI trng ca dung dch l:
a. axit
;b.kim
;c.trung tnh;
d.khng xc nh c
Cu 25. mt dung dch c[OH-]=4,2.10-3M; nh gi nao sau y l ng?
a.pH=3
b.pH=4
c.pH<3
d.pH>4
Cu 47. mt dung dch c pH= 5,00, nh gi mo di y l ng?
A. [H+]=2,0.10-5M B. [H+]=5,0.10-4M
C . [H+]=1,0.10-5M D. [H+]=1,0.10-4M
Cu 48 Cht in ly yu l cht khi tan trong nc, cc phn t ho tan:
A. phn ly gn nh hon ton
B. tan trong nc to dung dch dn in
C. u phn li thnh ion
D. ch phn li mt phn thnh ion
Cu 49: Nhng ion no sau c th cng tn ti trong mt dung dch :
A. Mg2+, NO3-, SO42-, CO32-, NH4+
C. Ca2+, Na+, HS-, NO3B. HCO3-, OH-, Na+, K+
D. Mg2+, SO42-, NO3-, OHCu 50: Gi tr tch s ion ca nc s thay i hay khng khi:
A. thay i nhit
B thay i p sut
C. thay i bn cht ion trong dung dch
D. khng thay i
Cu 51: Dy no di y ch gm cht in li yu?

A. AgI, FeS, Mg(OH)2, H2CO3

C. KNO3, NaOH, H2SO4, K3PO4
B. AgNO3, HF, H2SO4, KCl
D. Mg(OH)2, HClO, CH3COOH, H2S
Cu 52: Trng no di y khng c kh nng dn in:
A. Dung dch NaOH
C. NaOH rn khan
B. Dung dch mui n
D. NaCl nng chy
Cu53: Phng trnh: CO32- + Ca2+ CaCO3 l phng trnh ion thu gn ca phn ng:
A. CaCl2 + H2CO3
B. Ca(CH3COO)2+ Na2CO3
C. BaSO4 + CaCO3
D. CaCl2 + Ca(HCO3)2 .
Cu 54: Cho 2 dung dch HClO 0,013M v HCl 0,013M. Chn kt lun ng:
A. pH (HClO) > pH (HCl)
B. pH (HClO) < pH (HCl)
+
+
C. [H ] (HClO) > [H ] (HCl)
D. pH ca hai dung dch bng nhau
Cu 55: Mt dung dch c nng [OH-] = 1,5.10-8 M. Mi trng ca dung dch ny l:
A. Axit
B. Baz
C. Trung tnh
D. Khng xc nh
Cu 56: Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dung dch
(gm
H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M), thu c dung dch X. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X l
A. 7.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 6.
Cu 57: Dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,0005M v dung dch HNO3 0,0001M c pH ln lt l:
A. 3,3 v 4
B. 3 v 4
C. 4 v 3
D. 11 v 4
+
Cu 58 Mt dung dch c pH = 5,67. Vy nng H trong l:
A. [H+] = 0,67.10-5 B. [H+] < 1,0.10-5
C. [H+] =5,0.10-6,7
D. [H+] >1,0.10-6
Cu 59: C V lt dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,3M. lm pH dung dch gim xung, ta phi:
A. Thm vi git dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,3M
B. Thm vi git dung dch HCl
0,3M
C. Cho thm vi ht Na2SO4
C. un nng dung dch
Cu 60: Trn V1 lit dung dch H2SO4 c pH = 3 vi V2 lit dung dch NaOH c pH = 12
c dung dch c pH = 4, th t l V1: V2 c
gi tr no?
A. 9:11
B. 101:9
C. 99:101
D. T l khc
Cu 61: Trn 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M v H2SO4 0,05 M vi 300 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2
c nng a mol/l thu c m gam kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH= 13. Tnh a v m?
Cu 62: Phng trnh in li no sau y ng:
A. CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+
B. KHCO3 K+ + H+ + CO32C. BaSO4 Ba+ + SO4D. Na3PO4 3Na+ + PO432+
Cu 63: Dung dch A gm 0,015 mol Mg ; 0,03 mol Cl ; 0,01 mol Al3+; 0,03 mol NO3-.
Dung dch A c pha t hai dung dch sau:
A. MgCl2 v Al(NO3)3 B. AlCl3 v Mg(NO3)2 C. C A, B ng
D. Ch B ng
Cu 64: P: Fe2O3 + H2SO4 c phng trnh rt gn l:
A. 2H+ + O2- H2O
B. OH- + H+ H2O
C. Fe2O3 + 6H+ 2Fe3+ + 3H2O
D. 2Fe3+ + 3SO42-
Fe2(SO4)3
Cu 65: Trn 50 ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,06 mol/l v 50 ml dd HCl pH =1.
1. pH ca dung dch to thnh l:
A. 12
B. 3
C. 2
D. p n khc
2. Lng mui to ra l: A. 0,624g
B. 0,46g
C. 0,52g
D. 0,58g
3. Nng cc ion trong dung dch l:
A. Ba2+ 3,0.10-3M; OH- 1,0.10-2M , Cl- 0,05M.
B. Ba2+ 3.10-3M; OH- 1,0.10-2M
+
-3
-3
C. H 5.10 M; Cl 5.10 M
D. p n khc
4. Th tch dung dch H2SO4 pH=2 cn thm vo trung ho kim d l:
A. 1lt
B. 0,5 lt
C. 0,1 lt
D. p n khc