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  • Origins of Metazoa

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    This document discusses theories around the origins of multicellular organisms (Metazoa). It mentions that after the gastrula stage, body size and compartmentalization and transport become important factors. There was a debate between Haeckel's colonial theory from 1874, where Metazoa evolved from colonial choanoflagellates, and Metschnikoff's modification of this in 1887. The document provides supporting evidence for the colonial theory from similarities in sperm and egg cells and colonial organization between phytoflagellates and lower Metazoa. It also notes Haeckel and Metschnikoff's different views on the colonial theory and a syncytial theory from 1953 and 1977 that was not strongly supported

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    This document discusses theories around the origins of multicellular organisms (Metazoa). It mentions that after the gastrula stage, body size and compartmentalization and transport become important factors. There was a debate between Haeckel's colonial theory from 1874, where Metazoa evolved from colonial choanoflagellates, and Metschnikoff's modification of this in 1887. The document provides supporting evidence for the colonial theory from similarities in sperm and egg cells and colonial organization between phytoflagellates and lower Metazoa. It also notes Haeckel and Metschnikoff's different views on the colonial theory and a syncytial theory from 1953 and 1977 that was not strongly supported

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    16 views17 pages

    Origins of Metazoa

    Uploaded by

    freedreamslayer
    This document discusses theories around the origins of multicellular organisms (Metazoa). It mentions that after the gastrula stage, body size and compartmentalization and transport become important factors. There was a debate between Haeckel's colonial theory from 1874, where Metazoa evolved from colonial choanoflagellates, and Metschnikoff's modification of this in 1887. The document provides supporting evidence for the colonial theory from similarities in sperm and egg cells and colonial organization between phytoflagellates and lower Metazoa. It also notes Haeckel and Metschnikoff's different views on the colonial theory and a syncytial theory from 1953 and 1977 that was not strongly supported

    Copyright:

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    of 17

    Ground Plan

    Also review Cells, Tissues, and Skeletons (p. 59-60) Big Point cellular specialization

    Metazoa Development Egg to gastrula

    Lecithotrophic eggs Planktotrophic eggs

    What happens after Gastrula?

    Body Size Size and Compartmentalization Surface:Volume Size and Transport

    Origins of Metazoa Debate on Origins Common Unicellular Ancestor Colonial Theory


    Haeckel (1874) Metschnikoff (1887) modified Hyman (1940) revived Haeckels version

    Supporting Evidence Flagellated sperm cells throughout Metazoa Flagellated body cells among lower Metazoa True eggs and sperm in phytoflagellates Phytoflagellates and colonial organization

    Proterospongia haeckeli -An extant colonial choanoflagellate Note cellular specialization

    Haeckels View

    Metschnikoffs Modification

    Syncytial Theory
    First proposed in 1953 Again in 1977 Not strongly supported

    Syncytial Theory Support


    Multinucleated development in a few metazoa

    Contradictions
    monophyletic origin with ciliated, potentially unicellular ancestor

    Refer to: Origin of Polarity and Cellular Specialization Origin of Complexity (p. 71-74)

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