TIME MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION Time management is the act or process of planning and exercising conscious control over the

amount of time spent on specific activities, especially to increase effectiveness, efficiency or productivity. Time management may be aided by a range of skills, tools, and techniques used to manage time when accomplishing specific tasks, projects and goals complying with a due date. This set encompasses a wide scope of activities, and these include planning, allocating, setting goals, delegation, analysis of time spent, monitoring, organizing, scheduling, and prioritizing. Initially, time management referred to just business or work activities, but eventually the term broadened to include personal activities as well. A time management system is a designed combination of processes, tools, techniques, and methods. Usually time management is a necessity in any project development as it determines the project completion time and scope. Main themes of time management The major themes arising from the literature on time management include the following: Creating an environment conducive to effectiveness Setting of priorities Carrying out activity around those priorities The related process of reduction of time spent on non-priorities Time management has been considered as a subset of different concepts such as: Project management. Time Management can be considered as a project management subset and is more commonly known as project planning and project scheduling. Time Management has also been identified as one of the core functions identified in project management. Attention management: Attention Management relates to the management of cognitive resources, and in particular the time that humans allocate their mind (and organizations the minds of their employees) to conduct some activities. Personal knowledge management: see below (Personal time management).

Importance Of Time Time is the most important resource. It is a gift of nature to humanity. Time is captial and not renewable income. It is the most valuable gift, which can be offered by one to another. If we have time for our children, they acknowledge us as good parents. Similarly if we have time our subordinates to listen to their problems, they acknowledge us as good superiors. We have only 24 hours in a day and this cannot be stretched beyond 24 hours. Thus we can not make time but surely we can find time. It is rightly said Time and Tide wait for none. An individual should understand the value of time for him to succeed in all aspects of life. People who waste time are the ones who fail to create an identity of their own. What is Time Management ?

Time Management refers to managing time effectively so that the right time is allocated to the right activity. Effective time management allows individuals to assign specific time slots to activities as per their importance. Time Management refers to making the best use of time as time is always limited.

Ask yourself which activity is more important and how much time should be allocated to the same? Know which work should be done earlier and which can be done a little later. Time Management plays a very important role not only in organizations but also in our personal lives. Time Management includes: i. ii. iii. iv. Effective Planning Setting goals and objectives Setting deadlines Delegation of responsibilities

v. vi.

Prioritizing activities as per their importance Spending the right time on the right activity Effective Planning Plan your day well in advance. Prepare a To Do List or a TASK PLAN. Jot down the important activities that need to be done in a single day against the time that should be allocated to each activity. High Priority work should come on top followed by those which do not need much of your importance at the moment. Complete pending tasks one by one. Do not begin fresh work unless you have finished your previous task. Tick the ones you have already completed. Ensure you finish the tasks within the stipulated time frame.

Setting Goals and Objectives Working without goals and targets in an organization would be similar to a situation where the captain of the ship loses his way in the sea. Yes, you would be lost. Set targets for yourself and make sure they are realistic ones and achievable.

Setting Deadlines Set deadlines for yourself and strive hard to complete tasks ahead of the deadlines. Do not wait for your superiors to ask you everytime. Learn to take ownership of work. One person who can best set the deadlines is you yourself. Ask yourself how much time needs to be devoted to a particular task and for how many days. Use a planner to mark the important dates against the set deadlines.

Delegation of Responsibilities Learn to say NO at workplace. Dont do everything on your own. There are other people as well. One should not accept something which he knows is difficult for him. The roles and responsibilities must be delegated as per interest and specialization of employees for them to finish tasks within

deadlines. A person who does not have knowledge about something needs more time than someone who knows the work well.

Prioritizing Tasks Prioritize the tasks as per their importance and urgency. Know the difference between important and urgent work. Identify which tasks should be done within a day, which all should be done within a month and so on. Tasks which are most important should be done earlier.

Spending the right time on right activity Develop the habit of doing the right thing at the right time. Work done at the wrong time is not of much use. Dont waste a complete day on something which can be done in an hour or so. Also keep some time separate for your personal calls or checking updates on Facebook or Twitter. After all human being is not a machine.

Planning of time Prioritize the Triple Constraint There are many ways to approach the planning stage of a project. To start with, you will have to have a very clear idea as to how the Triple Constraint is prioritized in the project you are working on. What is the client asking for? Does the client insist that the project be completed and tested by a certain date, are they insisting that the project have certain functions and content above all else or are they demanding that work be successfully completed within the specified budget? The answers to these questions tell you what is the priority and they will influence the way in which you plan your project. If you find that you do not have the answers to these questions, you will need to present them to the client. Estimating Time To estimate factors like how much time a project will take, what resources are required and the cost of a project, you will need to have a complete and thorough understanding of the scope of work. You will then need to generate a time estimate for every single task in that project. With time, there will be many components of the project that you will have a lot of experience managing and may know the length of the task. Still it is a good idea to liaise with the person that oversees the department that will fulfill the task to ensure that your estimates are always correct. For tasks that are unfamiliar to you, this is a must-do. What are Dependencies? Once you have time estimates for all of the tasks involved in a project, you will need to figure out the dependencies in your project. This is best done with a chart. In all projects there are always certain tasks that can not be started until certain other tasks have been completed. These are dependencies. When a project is laid out in a graphical form, showing milestones and task dependencies, the critical path for that project can then be established. The critical path network enables management to plan for the optimal use of time, resources and scheduling. It also ensures that there is no unused slack time in the project. Managers rely strongly on the information supplied by the critical path network and PERT applications to ensure that sufficient resources are available to complete the project successfully and on time.

When Time is of the Essence When a client has made it clear that time is of the essence and the pressure is on time wise, your ability to plan becomes more and more important. Your estimates of the amount of time it will take to complete a task will need to be as accurate and experience-based as possible. In addition to this, your start and end dates will need to be as reliable as possible. Gantt charts provide the project manager with a visual representation of when individual project tasks begin and end. All project tasks are displayed (often color-coded) with their start and end dates. This allows the project manager to more accurately estimate and plan the overall duration of the project. HEALTH MANAGEMENT Introduction The health care field is one of the fastest growing, dynamic and personally rewarding, careers in Canada and it provides many innovative career opportunities. Health managers play a distinct role. Their job is to ensure that preventative, diagnostic and treatment health services are efficiently and effectively made available to the general public. To do that, managerial excellence is the top priority. The effective health manager communicates and works well with others, manages and allocates resources, conducts evaluations and understands both the legal and business environments. Health care managers include: Generalists who manage or help to manage an entire facility. Specialists who manage specific clinical departments or services found only in the health care industry. Experts predict the growth of the health care industry will continue for several years, providing many opportunities for energetic, creative health managers who can work with technology. What makes this program unique: The Health Management stream will equip you with the skills needed to understand and contribute to the management of health care organizations: strategic planning, finance and human resources.

You will take courses in organizational behaviour, health services management, information management systems and health care leadership. This range of courses will help you develop an understanding of how organizations shift strategies, create alliances with other organizations and respond to changing environmental pressures in order to prepare them to work in both the hospital and community health sectors. Importance of Health Management Health care management has evolved into a dynamic and complex field with an ability to churn various employment opportunities as the industry continue to grow. This diverse industry is always changing due to scientific discoveries that bring significant contributions to improve the health standards of our communities. The changes have moved on to determine new ways about how and where health care is provided. Do... ...start off SLOW. Walking is a good way to warm up. It also helps you lower the exertion level, which conserves resources for the end of your workout and reduces heat build-up. ...wear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing. Loose-fitting clothes allow heat to escape. Try not to wear cotton clothing while running. There are several different synthetic materials that will wick some of the perspiration away from your skin, which reduces chafing and helps the body cool faster. ...drink cold water. Cold water leaves the stomach of a runner quicker than any type of fluid. In addition, it produces a slight physiological cooling effect and an even greater psychological cooling effect. ...cool down.

Five to 10 minutes of light jogging/walking will slowly decrease body temperature and remove waste products from the working muscles. Also, stretching can be an appropriate way to cool down as it helps the muscles to relax and increase their range of movement. ...be ALERT! Do not wear anything with headphones such as a Walkman or portable CD player. You will not be able to hear cars. Survival on our roads depends on being able to hear cars coming up from behind, around the corner ahead or just over the hill. ...keep your head up. This will help keep the rest of your body in alignment, which will help prevent injuries. It will also allow you to run slightly faster (about 30 seconds for a 10K). ...watch your arms. A huge mistake even among experienced runners is bad arm form. You want to keep your shoulders in, keep your arms relaxed, and avoid excessive arm movements. Additionally, your arms should be at approximately 90-degree angles. Don't clench your fists. ...run your own race. Don't run at a pace two minutes faster than your usual pace; challenge yourself, but don't overextend yourself. Don't get discouraged because you can't keep up with these people. Listen to your body and run at a pace that is comfortable for you. ...take care of injuries. Don't press yourself to run while injured. To recover from an injury, use the R.I.C.E. method: rest, ice, compression and elevation. Don't run if you have an injury as you will only make it worse. ...join a local running group. This is a particularly useful thing to do if you don't enjoy running alone. Sometimes when you are in the middle of a good conversation you will forget that you are running. In addition, you will gain tips by running with others.

...speed work. Speed work will teach you to run faster. Speed work involves running intervals of shorter distances at a faster pace than you normally run at. There are many ways to do speed work. You can go to a track and run intervals there. You can run intervals across the grass in a park or up a hill (they can be really short). Speed work can even be incorporated into your normal run, by running for a minute or two at a faster than normal pace in your run. ...breathe on cadence. The best way to maintain a proper breathing cadence is to breathe in or out every time your dominant foot contacts the ground. Your initial breathing cadence starts with your dominant foot (for many runners this would be when the right foot strikes the ground). Simply put, each time your dominant foot touches the ground you will either be breathing in or breathing out. What Not to Do Don't... ...wear a hat in warm weather. Keep your head cool. Up to 70% of your body heat is lost through the top of your head. Also, it helps to regularly pour water over your head. Remember, wearing a hat can keep the heat from being released through the best vent you have, the top of your head. ...eat a big meal. Eating heavy meals that are high in protein or fat may put extra stress on your system when you exercise. As an alternative to big meals, try eating light, easily digestible snacks every hour or two. ...run in the dark. Whether you are male or female this is a bad idea. You can easily not see things such as trash, a root or a rock sitting on the path where you are running, and then you trip

over it and injure yourself. Also, particularly if you are not wearing reflective clothing, it is hard for cars to see you. If you still want to run in the dark after this warning, make sure you are wearing reflective clothing, don't run alone, and bring a cell phone or whistle in case you fall and need help. ...take painkillers. Never take painkillers to mask the pain from a running injury so you can continue to run. You can do other things while injured, such as work on your form, run in a pool, take a spinning class, go swimming or ride a stationary bike, to maintain your fitness level. Again, rest, ice, compression and elevation will help make it better. You can also take pain medication, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, to help alleviate swelling and discomfort during your recovery. ...run your hardest every day. You shouldn't come home huffing and puffing and unable to move after every run. Recovery days prevent injuries and make your running experiences more enjoyable. ...land first on your toes when you run. At this stage in your running you should be landing on your heels. If you get to a certain faster pace (about seven minutes per mile) there is a technique you can learn where you land on the ball of your foot and quickly shift to your heel. Running on your toes will quickly lead to shin splints and other injuries. ...overuse a running shoe. An excellent strategy is to rotate several pairs of running shoes at the same time, even if they are the same model. This keeps any particular shoe from causing irritation or wearing excessively in a particular area. You'll have to buy a certain number of shoes based on your mileage anyway, so you might as well have them now and keep your body healthy; the shoes will last just as long either way.

Ways to maintain health 1. Know how our health can be harmed. There are mainly three factors that harm us, micro organisms[microbes], malnutrition and injuries. The microbes use our body for satisfying their needs. This eventually harms our body as it starts to run out of vital cells and nutrients, we fall sick. There are times when we might even receive a life long effect or damage. Our body has it's defence mechanism against diseases that consists of special cells that are assigned only in the destruction and disposal of such microbes. They require different nutrients. The second factor is malnutrition. Our body requires different substances for it's complete functioning. Apart from building cells, it also produces substances like gold. Scientists do not know how or why the body produces such substances. But it appears that they are vital. In order to produce these, the body needs the required nutrients that can be supplied only through a proper meal. The third factor is physical injuries which can only be avoided, not always prevented. 2. What you need. The basics that everybody says: "proper food and exercise." But this article is meant to give the details. 3. 3 Get the food you need. It's absolutely correct that you are what you eat. which means that if you want to stay healthy then you must eat healthy. Eating healthy means eating proper food. Meals must be properly cooked and must supply the nutrients your body needs. Accordingly, the food must always be properly cooked in every form and salads should be thoroughly clean in order to avoid entry of harmful bacterias and fungus. The second thing is the nutritional value. Your food must contain calories but only to the amount you can burn. Your meals must also contain: green vegetables, nuts, onions, grains and yogurt. These must be had every day. The green vegetables enrich the blood and help the hemoglobin. They have large amounts of minerals and protect against diseases. The nuts are nothing but concentrated fats and minerals, making them the ideal breakfast munchies. Onions are not so tasty but they help in purification of the system. They

protect against asthma and stomach cancer. The grains and yogurt help in the digestion as they provide fibres and enzymes for the body. The fruits are the second thing to keep in mind. Fruits are best had in the very season that they ripen in. - eg: oranges ripen in winters and provide vitamin C which prevents the damage to the skin that is caused by the cold and dry weather. 4. 4 Drink water. Water, water everywhere. Yes, water. and that though plenty of it. A recent scientific research has also stated that healthy people must drink at least 8 glasses[250ml] of water. This simple procedure purifies your immune system from all impurities and therefore helps fight pimples. It purifies by removing the toxins that trigger stress and other harmful emotions. 5. 5 Exercise. After all that eating, you need to went it out. All this energy can get accumulated if not used properly and dieting can not control it. The only way is to exercise if you don't have a job that can drain your energy. This is important and the only solution to obesity. Apart from the gym, try doing exercises that strengthen the muscles. These can be learned from any body builder or wrestler. If you are unable to do any exercise, then certainly do start to walk. Don't jog or walk fast, simply walk at your comfort level. This will also help you mentally. 6. 6 Get some sun. When they say that sunlight is important for all life forms, they mean that every life form requires sunlight even if they do not perform photosynthesis. Our body requires vitamin D which it will produce on it's own when the skin comes in contact with sunlight. The best time for sitting in the Sun is during the start and end of winter. 7. 7

Reduce stress. This point does need a highlight. Some people who are prone to stress or have a tension filled life must stop. If you are one of them, then stop this schedule right now. All efforts will go waste[even this article] if you take stress. Stress can be curbed by the one hour walk suggested above. But the first step will be to take a leave for at least 2 days. Then you should start walking and during this break, forget work. Nice excuse but very important because stress can cause a lot of harm. A lot. If you really are stress prone, do consult a doctor. 8. 8 No risk. When it comes to health, never take a risk. The value of health is most understood when you lose it. So don't risk it.