Solutions Manual Accompanying Elements of Electromagnetics, Third Edition Matthew Sadiku, Jerry Sagliocca, and Oladega SoriyanChapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter § Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 TABLE OF CONTENTS 40 B 113 129 193 221 240 280 328 350 384 389CHAPTER 1 PLE. LI (a) A+ B=(1,03)+(5,2,-6) = (6.2,-3) |4+ Bl= 36+4+9=7 (b) 5A-B=(5,0.15)-(5,2,-6) = (0, (c) The component of A along ayis Ay =0 (4) 34+ B=(3,0,9)+(5,2,-6) = (8,2,3) A unit vector parallel to this vector is ae "644449 = 40.9117, +0.2279a, +0.3419a,) P.E. 1.2 (a) The distance vector (0,3,8)-(2,4,6) +2a, Ton =a - (b) The distance between Q and R is =V44144 33 (6) Vector rap =(1,-3,5)-(2,4,6) = (-1,-7,-1) COSOpon = (a) Area = Vo roe * roe| = Vi(15,-4.13) { IPLE. 13 Consider the figure shown below: 40 U, =U, +U, a, +a,) 3500, + = -378a, + 28.284, or u = 379.32175.72" N y . E i x j u uw s PLE. 14 At point (1,0), G at point (0,1), G at point (2,0), G at point (1,1), G It is evident that G is a unit vector at each point. Thus the vector field G is as sketched in Fig. 1.8 PLES Using the dot product, 9, -AtB__-/3 cos AB” T1065 * or using the cross product, Either way.P.E.1.7 a+b+c=0 showing that a, 6, and c form the sides of a triangle. a-b=0, hence it is a right angle triangle. Area = 3.940914 = PLELLS (@) BP, = V(x, -x) +. -)) +(e) - 2) =V25+4+64 =9.644 (b) rp =P + Alte, rm) = (1,2,-3)+ a(-5,-2,8) d= PP sind =|PP, xa,,,| 146 -3 4 “Fails -2 3 5 alt 14.-73.-27)= (-5,-2,-2) -0.8703a, — 0.3482a, - 0.3482a, Prob. 1.2 (a) A + 2B =(2.5,-3)+(6,-8,0) = 8a, —3a, (b) A -5C = (2,5,-3)-(5,5,5) = (- 3,0, | |4-sej=V9r0+6 = 8.544 (c) KB = 3ka, ~ 4ka, |kB| = VOR? 16k? = 45k =2 =k (d) A- B= (2,5,-3)-(3,-4,0)= 6 -20+0=14 2 5 3-4 AxB (12 9 23 ae axa} ofc) 14714714 Prob, 1.3 | | (a) A-2B =(2,1,-3)-(0,2,-2) = (2,-1,-1) A-2B+C a, + 4a, + 6a, (b) 4+ B=(2, C-4(4 + B)=(3,5,7)-(88,-16) = -5a 3a, +234, (c)2A -3B = (4,2,-6)-(0,3,-3) = (4,-1,-3) \C|= V9+25+49 =9.11 | 24-38 ey 039m = OMe, - 0.32930, = 2) = 0.857 la, +0.6428a, + 1.642a,(d)A-C =6+5-21=-10, [Bl = v2 A-C-|Bl 10+2 | taste (2 -t}¢(2.3.2) Gators 53833.0.75) 304 33 444 -1{ far(tarte)= ° ! "a1 234 Fo) 2 hat67 1.5833 0.75 | Prob.1.4 (a) T=(3,22,1) and $ = (4, 6,2) (b) rrs = ts — 1 = (4, 6, 2) = (3, -2, I= 1 Bay ta, (c) distance = |rrs| = V1 +64 +1 = 8.124m Prob. 1.5 Let D = aA + 6B+C | =(Sa- 6 +8)a, +(3a+4f +2)a, +(-20 +68), D, =0+5a-f+8=0 a) D, =0 4-20 + 6f =0 +a =38 Q) Substituting (2) into (1), 15B-B+8=0> f= ThusProb. 1.6 A-B=0>0=3a+f-24 ad) A-C=0-+0=Sa-2+47 (2) BC =040=15-28 -6y 3) In matrix form, 24) [3 1 0fa > =|5 0 4 ‘ {Is} lo 2 6f7]} 3 1 O sb 0 4|=3(0-8)-1(30~0)+0(10-0)=-24-30 =-54 lo 2 24 1 oJ A,=|2 0 4)=-24x8-(12-60)=-144 1S 2 6| Is 24 oJ =|5 2 4 =3(12-60)-24x30 = -864 0 15 4 {3 1 24! 4,=|5 0 2/=-12-75+240=153 lo 2 15] Prob. 1.7 (2) A-B = ABcosO 4p Ax B= ABsinO ,,, (4-B) +|Ax Bl’ = (4B)*(cos? 0,, +sin? 0,,)= (4B)?Prob. 1.8 (a) P+ Q=(2,2,0), P+Q- R =(3,1,-2) |P+O-R|=V9+1+4 = Vid = 3.742 [-2 -1 - (b)P-QxR=|4 3 2)/=-2(6-2)+(8+2)-2(44+3)=-8+10-1 -l 1 2 432 5 =(4,- OxR I‘ ; i (4,-10,7) P-QxR=(-2,-1,-2)-(4,-10,7) = -8+10-14 = 32 4 2 Jetaaa) 4,4,2)-(-1,2)= 44444 =12 -l 1 2 or QxP-R=R-QxP=|4 3 -2 -1 (d)(P x Q)-(Q x R) = (4,-4.2): (4,-10,7) = 16 + 40-14 4 -4 J ol «0)(@xA)=[) 10 77488 P-R (2-1-4) Ong See = (905000 = tpiRi” Jacteadisted py = 114.1"- (sind = 2 SIRETORT Ne PI ibe 9+4 35 | Op9 = 214 Prob. 1.9 Tr. (a)T, =T-a, => Is| (b)S, =(S ayhe, = EDI. =12-63) = -0.2857a, + 0.8571a, - 0.4286a, \@12110) | 245 N67 -ITxS| _ ris} | 2 -6 3 12] = 0.9129 al (c)sin8,s = Prob. 1.10 AB _~1+12+15 _ 26 _ 694 iB) Visaso Via (B-A)A _ 26(-1,6,5) b) B, = (B- = =a )B, =(B-as)eg lar (+3625) =-0.4193a, +2.516a, +2.097a, B 26 26 A Oy, - AB. __ 2626 (0800 ~ igi” Jeijieaes ~ Vena @A,=A-a,Prob. 1.11 Prob. 1.12 Por ye 2 0 3” P-(Qx R)=(2,-1,1)-(3,-1,2 =6+1-2=5 QxR= (3,-1,-2) Prob. 1.13 (a) Using the fact that (4x B)xC =(4-€)B-(B-C)A, we get Ax(Ax B)= (Ax B)x A =(B-A)A-(4-A)B (b) Ax (4x(Ax B))= Ax[(4-B)4-(4-)B] = (4: BYAx A)-(A- AYAx B) Prob. 1.14 [ A(BxQ = Hence. A-(BxC) = (AxB)-CProb. 1.15 (15.39,-30) [6 0 PpxRR=[ oo I Area of the triangle = +|P,P, x BP = Prob. 1.16 Let P; = (4,1,-3), P2 = (-2, 5, 4), and P3 = (0, 1, 6) Pi a=, ~ 14, = (-2,5,4)- (41,-3) = (-6,4,7) = (0,1,6)-(-2,5,4) = (2,-4,2) rn, = (41-3) - (0,1,6) = (4,0,-9) Note thata+b+c=0 12-16+14 b = abcos(180~ 7) > - = —_— #16 abcod 80-7) + cosy = B= IE 4 14° . = Se = BAT res Tor +0-18 24/97 «10 = cos! ———- = 78, A V2497 = 24+0-63 a-c = accos(180- a)» —cosa = 2 £ = —748 40-63 ale] Ji01/97— Prob. 1.17 (8) fp = Mo - Fp = (2,-1.3) (-1.4,8) = (3,-5,-5) Tig =|Peq| = V9-+ 25+ 25 = 7.681 (b) Fog = = (-1,2.3)-(- 1.4.8) = (0.-2.-5) j () rep = 3a, +5a, + 5a, Ton = 2.-1,3)-(-1,2,3) = 3a, -3a, cos = for For 91S 24 \rorltoe| V9+25+25V9+9 Vi8V59 6 = 137.43" Shae Xa | 5S ferston=[ 5 _3 = 15a. +154, ~ 60, Are: = LVS HIP HE = 11.02 (©) Perimeter = OP + PR+ RO=rop + Fon + Foe = 59 + V4425 + VIB = 7.681 + 5.385 + 4.243 731 Prob. 1.18 (a) Let A = (4,B,C) and r ="(x,y,2) i+ By+ C2+ D where D = -4° - B’- C*. Hence, (r-A)-A = 0 Ax + By+Cz+D=0 which is the equation of a plane. (b) (r-A)-r = (x-A)x + (y-B)y + (2-C)z If (r-A)r = 0, then v+y+z—Ax-By-Cz=0 which is the equation of a sphere whose surface touches the origin. (c) See parts (a) and (b).[Prob. 1-19 " — | (a) Let P and Q be as shown below 5 x Q 82. 2x4) ; |P|=cos’ 8, +sin? 6, = 1,|Q| = cos? 0, + sin? @, =1, ' Hence P and Q are unit vectors. (b) P-@ = (I)(1)cos(@, -8,) But P-@ = cos@, cos8, +sin§, sin8,. Thus, cos(O, -4, 088, cos8, + sind, sind, Let P, = P =cos6,a, +sinda, and 0, =c0s8,a, -sind,a,. ' P, and Qy are unit vectors as shown below: | P,Q, = (I)()cos(O, + A) But P, -Q, = cos8, cosd, ~sin8, sind, cos(9, + 8,) = c0s8, cos, - sind, sind, { Alternatively, we can obtain this formula from the previous one by replacing ! 02 by -92 in @.(c) I 5 1 . ZIP A= F1(e0s0,, - cos0.,)a, + (sind, ~ sind .)a, ee a 5 V2- 2(cos8 ,cos0 , + sind, sind , Let @,-8, = 0, the angle between P and Q. 1 1 — lP- = 3v2- 2cos0 But cos 2A 2sin7A. 1 l a SIP Os 5 V2- 2+ 4sin”0/2 = sind /2 Thus, Li p-gytsi IP - Orlsin Prob. 1.20 Prob. 1.21 (a) AUT, A = (-4,3,-9) [4] = J16+9+81 = V106 = 10.3(b) Let r;5 = B= Ba, B=56.a, 5.6(-4,3,9) 10.3 -0.175a, +0.63la, - 1.8934, Prob. 1.22 (a) At(1,2,3), £ = (2,1,6) [E| = V4+1436 = V41 = 6.403 (b) At (12,3), F= (2,-4,6) E-F)F _36 ler 56 = 1.2864, ~2.57la, +3.857a, E, =(E-a,)a,p (2,-4,6) (c) At (0,1,-3), B= (0,1,-3), F = (0,-1,0) oO 1 - ExF= (-3,0,0) jo -1 0 Geer a ta, jexF| —=PLE. 21 (a) At P(1,3,5), x= 1, p=yxey = Vi0 PCp, Spherical system: y=3, CHAPTER 2 z=5, re yx? yt 2? = ¥35 =5.916 reyxre yess 6= tant ferny*/ 35 = 5916 = tan! ¥10/5s = tan“! 0.6325 = 32.31° P(r,8,0)= P(5.916,32.31° 71.56°) AtT(0,-4,3), x=0 p= xt + y? = 4,25 3,9 tan y/ x= tan!- 4/0= 270° T(2.9.2) Spherical system: (4,270° 3). P(JT0, tan“ 3,5) = P(3.162,716" 5) 2=0; rext+ yz? = 5,0= tan" p/z= tan! 4/3= 5313. TC, Tgs313 At S(-3-4-10), p= {ety =5, b= tant 4/-3= 2331 S(p,9,2) = S(5,233.1,- 10). (b) Spherical system: 270°). x=3, y=4, 2=-10; rot yee = Sv5= 1118, = tan '/ = tan!5/-10= 15343%; S(r,0,9)= S(11.18,153.43° ,2331°). In Cylindrical system, Q= 7 Q, p= = 0: x+y; Q. g yz= zpsind,J [2] cosé sing 0], /2|- -sing cosé 0}] 0 la} lo o ile In Spherical coordinates: rsing Q.= B = sing; 1 Q, =-rsingsinOrcosd ~ = - rsinBcos@sing, Q.| [sinécosd sindsing cose ][Q, Q, | = |cosBcosg cosOsing -sing|| 0 |; Q, ~sing cosp 0 La. Q.= Q,sinBcosg + Q, cos = sin? Bcos# - rsinBcos? Asing. Q,= Q, cosOcosg - Q, sind = sinOcosOcos4 + rsin? BcosOsing. Q, sing = - sin@sing. Q= sin {sin Bcosp- rcos? Asin g)G, + sindcosgXcos4 + rsindsing)q, - sindsingq, AtT: a 4. - - - Q(x, y.z) = gat 2a, =08a,+24a.; 4 5 5 - O(p.9.2)= 5 (e0s270° Gy ~ sin270° ay - 3sin270° a: = 08a, + 24a, ; 4 45 - 43. 20 - 4 - Q8.9)=500- 55(- Mar + S(SMO- FD) ao - soda 4 yet 540 = l44a, +084,