nits of Measurements

MEASUREMENTS UNITS - MASS Mass (kilogram): The kilogram is the unit of mass. It is equal to the mass of the International prototype of the kilogram (a platinum-iridium alloy cylinder) kept at BIPM, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Svres, Paris. It consists of an alloy of 90 % platinum 10 % iridium, and was made in 1879 by George Matthey, of Johnson Matthey, in the form of a cylinder, 39 mm high and 39 mm diameter. It is stored at atmospheric pressure in a specially designed triple bell-jar. Mass is denoted by kg
For all practical purposes Conventional Mass is related to Mass via the following equation:

where:

Mc is the conventional mass value M is the mass value

is the density of the test weight material in kgm -3

Units of mass
There have historically been four different English systems of mass: Tower weight, Troy weight, avoirdupois weight, and apothecaries weight. Tower weight fell out of use (due to legal prohibition) centuries ago, and was never used in the United States. Troy weight is still used to weigh precious metals. Apothecaries weight, once used in pharmacy, has been largely replaced by metric measurements. Avoirdupois weight is the primary system of mass in the U.S. customary system. The Avoirdupois units are legally defined as measures of mass, but the names of these units are sometimes applied to measures of force. For instance, in most contexts, the pound avoirdupois is used as a unit of mass, but in the realm of physics, the term "pound" can represent "pound-force" (a unit of force properly abbreviated as "lbf").

English Standards of weight

Avoirdupois weight
27.344 grains 16 drams 16 ounces 14 pounds 28 pounds 4 quarters = = = = = = 1 dram 437 grains 7000 grains 1 stone 1 quarter 112 pounds