III.

THE PHILIPPINES AS A STATE State: a community of persons, more or less numerous, permanently occupying a definite portion of territory, independent of external control and possessing a government to which a great body of inhabitants render habitual obedience. State is a legal or juristic concept; nation is an ethnic or racial concept. Government is an instrumentality of the State through which the will of the State is implemented and realized. Elements: (1) People (2) Territory Components: 1) Terrestrial 2) Fluvial 3) Maritime 4) Aerial (3) Government (4) Sovereignty Archipelago Doctrine: the waters around, between and connecting the islands of the archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the Philippines. Straight Baseline Method: Imaginary straight lines are drawn joining the outermost points of outermost islands of the archipelago, enclosing an area the ratio of which should not be more than 9:1; provided that the drawing of the baselines shall not depart, to any appreciable extent, from the general configuration of the archipelago. Functions of the Government: (1) Constituent mandatory for the Government to perform because they constitute the very bonds of society (2) Ministrant intended to promote the welfare, progress and prosperity of the people and which are merely optional for Government to perform Doctrine of Parens Patriae: parents of the people; the Government may act as