21

AND
LET

STANDARD LZJ
CLOSURE
SEGMENTS

AND

ALATE
THE

GO WHERE THEY ALAY

LONG BEFORE

PRESURGICAL
IN

ORTHODONTICS

AND

ALVEOLAR THE PALATE

BONE GRAFTING
AT

LIPS

WERE CLOSED
IN

THE EARLY

MONTHS AND
THE

ABOUT

YEAR
THE

1787

GERARD COMPARING
CLEFT IN

EFFECT

OF

LIP

CLOSURE

UPON

PALATAL

9YEAROLD AND
LIP

30 YEAROLD

PATIENT

ADVOCATED THAT CLOSURE OF THE

BE DONE
CLEFT

AT

TENDER

AGE
EARLY

TO BRING FORWARD APPOSITION

LIP

OF THE

PALATE

EDGES
DEVICE

THE
TO

CLOSURE

SERVED
CLEFT

FOR GERARD AS

AN ORTHOPEDIC

NARROW THE
TICED

PALARAL

SUBSEQUENTLY

MANY

SURGEONS WERE

EN

THE POSSIBLE

ADVANTAGES OF MORE SOPHISTICATED

INTO THE CLEFT TO

PRESURGICAL

ORTHODONTICS

AND PRIMARY BONE GRAFTING

THESE

SOME WHO
TO THE TO

VENTURED
STANDARD

INTO

NEW VOGUES
OTHERS NEVER

VVERE LEFT

LATER

RETURN

APPROACH

AND

WERE NOT

AFRAID

ADMIT

IT

HARDING
ROBERT

HARDING
HIS

IN

HIS

TPICALLY

QUIET

SINCERE

EFFECTIVE

WAY

PRESENTED
IN

FINDINGS
CLOSEB
IF AT

FOLLOWING

OUR PATIENTS WOULD

QUITE

IT

HAS BEEN OUR FEELING

THAT MOST OF

OUR PATIENTS

HENE

LITTLE

ALL

FROM

PRIMARY

HONE GRAFT

HE

EXPLAINED

THAT HE WAS NOT OPPOSED

TO MAXILLARY
AS

ORTHOPEDICS
IIREL

AND BONE GRAFTING PROCEDURE

HICK
IN

BUT LOOKED
CONSIDERED
IN

AT

THESE

SECONDARY OR WITH
CLEFT

HARDING
VARIES

THAT

CHILD

PALATE
ROHEUI

ITSELF

EACH CASE HAS THE POTENTIAL

FOR

NORMA1

IHUDINO

375

GROWTH WITHIN
BOLIC

THE

LIMITS

OF

HIS

OWN GENETIC
FAR

HERITAGE

AND

META

ENVIRONMENT HE
SCAR

EXPRESSED

MORE CONCERN ABOUT AVOID

BY CONSERVATIVE
UNITED SURGERY

ING RAW AREAS WITH WAITING HE SAID

CONTRACTURE

AND
AS

FOR SUBSEQUENT GENTLE

MOLDING BY

MUSCLES

FOR

GRO
FORCE

IS

GENTLE

FORCE AND CAN BE CONTAINED

BY AN EQUAL

AND OPPOSING

WHEN THE
THE LIP

PATIENT

ATTAINED

10

POUNDS HARDING SIMPLY

ATTENTION WITH
TO OTHER

CLOSED SURGICAL

UNWILLING

TO

DILUTE

HIS

PROCEDURES
ERAL

HE

REPORTED

GOOD

RESULTS

MODIFIED ADVANCEMENT

QUADRILAT

FLAP

TRIANGULAR

FLAP

OR THE

ROTATION

METHOD

BUT WARNED TBE

SURGEON HAS THE BEST CHANCE

FIRST

THEN
BOTTLE

SLIGHTLY

OUT OF CHARACTER
FIRST

HE SLIPPED
AFTER

THE

BABY

NIPPLED

FOR THE THE RIME

VV

FEEDING

TWO HOURS

SURGERY 50 PERCENT OF

AT

OF PALATE SURGERY HARDING

MAXILLARY

REPORTED

PATIENTS

ITH

SEGMENT COLLAPSE

THE OTHER HALF

SHO ING

RESISTANCE RURBINARE
SHCLX

DUE TO
OR THE

ENDTOEND CONTACT
SIZE

OF SEGMENTS

LARGE INFERIOR

AND SHAPE OF THE NASAL SEPTUM HARDING WITH

FOUR
CLOSES

AND
VEAI

PALARAL IN

ES AR PRESENT

THE
ER

PAATC VOMERINE

AT FLAP

TWO

STAGES

THE HARD PALATE

CLEFT

ONELA MONTHS

LEA ING THE

AL

EOLAT

OPEN

AND

LATER SIMPLE

APPROXIMATION
IN
HIS SERIES

OF THE

SOFT

PALATE
CASES

ACCEPTING

SHORT PALATE PRIMATILY CLOSED AT

ARE PALATE

WHICH WERE

MONTHS AND
STATISTICAL

OTHERS IN

THE

OLDER AGE PERIODS GENERAL MAXILLARY RESULTS HIS THE

ARE

WITHOUT ADEQUATE
THAT HIS

DATA HE EXPRESSED NOT CAUSE ANY MORE

TO IMPROVE

FEELING

EARLY

SURGERY

DID

GROWTH DISTURBANCE
FINAL

BUT DID

SEEM

SPEECH

DEFENSE OF THE CONSERVATIVE

STAND

INCLUDED

BOTH

PATIENT

AND THE SURGEON DO BETTER WITH

AND

OUR

COMPLICATIONS

MINIMAL

NO

MORTALITIES

IN

2000

CASES

MAZA

HE RI
ORTHODONTIC BACKED
HIS

HARDINGS MAZAHERI
HIS

TEAMMATE AND

COCAPTAIN
STAND IN

MOHAMMAD
AND OUTLINED
CLEFT LIP

SURGEONS CONSERVATIVE
THIS

FIGURES FOLLOWING

SOUND TREATMENT

UNILATERAL

AND PALATC CASES

376

SEVENTEEN PERCENT

OF

ALL

CLEFT

SAMPLES WERE FOUND TO HAVE

SOME KIND

OF TRANSVERSE

CROSSBITE CROSSBITES DISCOVERED

LARGE MAJORITY THE ANTERIOR

OF THE

INVOLVED

ONLY

REGION OF CROSSBITE AND

BILATERAL

THE BOTH
IN

INCIDENCES UNILATERAL

EITHER
CLEFT LIP

ANTERIOR

POSTERIOR

OR

AND PALATE

ARE

UNILATERAL

DECIDUOUS 475

PERCENT

MIXED 60 PERCENT PERMA

NENT 172
BILATERAL

PERCENT DECIDUOUS 20 PERCENT MIXED

409

PERCENT PERMANENT
A4OHAMMAD
ALAZAHCRI

HY

267

PERCENT

MAZAHERI
TREATMENT

CONCLUDED
NO
REAL

OF RHCSE

CASES

IS

ORTHODONTIC PROBLEM TO US

IN STAND

1972
IN

HARDING

AND

MAZAHERI
TO

REPEATED
BILATERAL

THEIR CLEFTS

CONSERVATIVE STATING

REFERENCE SPECIFICALLY

80

NE

DECIDED
AS

TO REPAIR POSSIBLE

BILATERAL

CLEFTS

OF THE
THE

LIP

AND PALATE BY
CLEFTS

AS

SIMPLE
THAT THE

PROCEDURE MAXILLAR
REPAIT ICDUCED

AND

TO LEAVE
IELARIVELY

ALVEOLAR
FREE

OPEN

SO

SEGMENTS WOULD BE OF THE

LIP

TO

MOLD AND ADAPT

MUSCLE MATRIX SEGMENTS
IS

WITH GOOD LESTORATION

IDTH OF THE LEFT

OF RHC FUNCTIONAL
IN

THE SUBSEQUENT FOT

THE MAXILLAR
IS

AS

XC

HAD EXPECTED
TO CONTAIN THE

EXAMPLE

SIMONAI

RS BAND

OFTEN ALL THAT

IN

NEEDED

MAXILLARY
BILATERAL

SEGMENTS
BECAME
LESS

THE

DIFFERENCE
CLEFT LIP

THE

MAXILLARS

WIDTHS BETWEEN THE ALTHOUGH GTEAT THERE WAS

MAXILLA
AT

AND THE UNILATEIAL

SIGNIFICANT THE

AND PALATE GROUPS

LIP PRE

BIRTH

AFTER REPAIR OF THE

CONSTANT
LAREIAL

CHANGE IN

SEGMENTAL TELARIONSHIP
STAGES OF THE OF THE
LIP

OF THE

AND THE
IN

SEGMENTS DURING VARIOUS

IN

ARCH DEVELOP OVER THE

MENT
LATERAL

MOST PATIENTS

WHOM AN

OVERLAP

PREMAXILLA

SEGMENTS WAS PRESENT BOTH BEFORE AND BEGAN TO CHANGE PRIOR TO

RELATIONSHIP WILL
AFTER

AFTER

SURGERY THE SEGMENTAL WITH AN

EVIDENTLY

RELATIONSHIPS

YEARS OF AGE AND TERMINATED

ENDTO END
SPATIAL

ERUPTION

OF THE DECIDUOUS DENTITION

RELATIONS

IMPROVE
IN

WITH
BY

DENTOALSEOLAR ADAPTATION
SURGICAL DESIGN OR BY

PROVIDED THE
TISSUE

SEGMENTS ARE NOT LOCKED

PIOVIDED RERRUSION HERITAGE PROGRESS THE TONGUE
IS

FIBROUS OF THE

AND

NORMAL
IS

UNDERDEVELOPMENT
THE IESULT

MID

FACE WITH GENETIC

OF THE MAXILLA
OR OF HAS
FALSE

WE THINK

OF THE

INDIVIDUALS

MAXILLARY

ANLQ LOSIS
CLEFT

SECONDARY SURGERY APPEARS

TO SURGERN CONSIDERABLE IN

BEEN MADE IN
WILL

PALATE
IT

PROVIDING

ANATOMICAL

RESTOIARION

WHICH
FAXOR

RESROIC FUNCTION BETTER

RXS

THAT

SHOULD REVISE OUR ON GIOWTH AND EARLY

EMPHASIS IN

OF THE

BALANCE

BETVVEEN

EFFECTS

UNCNON

BECAUSE

SS ILL

ULTIMATELY

BE INTERDEPENDENT

IN

1976

MAZAHERI

MADE

PERTINENT

OBSERVATION

IN

PATIENTS

WE HAVE

FOLLOWED LONGITUDINALLY MAJOR VARIABLE

IN

OVER THE PAST

14

YEARS

WE HAVE
IS

FOUND THAT THE

THE SURGEON GREAT
EFFECT IF

ACCEPTABLE

ORALFACIAL GROWTH PATTERN

OF

COURSE BESIDES

THE

SURGEON THE TYPE OF SURGERY ALSO HAS

ON THIS PATTERN OF GROWTH YET THE TYPE OF SURGERY DOZS NUT MCAN SURGEON DOES NOT DO HIS JOB WELL

MUCH

THE

KROGMAN
WILTON

KROGMAN ANTHROPOLOGIST
COOPER
INSTITUTE

AND DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH

RECALLED

AT

LANCASTER PENNSYLVANIA

MY

CONCERN WITH BONES AND GROWTH STEMS FROM EARLY CHILDHOOD WHILE PLAYING

AT

THE

AGE

OF NINE IN

BURIED TREASURE WITH MY TWIN BRORHER

IN

STRUCK

BONE

ONE OF OUR RANDOM HOLES

ACANR

LOT

FURTHER

DIGGING BY
ITS

UNCOVERED
SKELETON

SKULL WHICH

TURNED OUT TO BE THAT OF

AS

HORSE FOLLOWED ON
ITS

ENTIRE

MOTE OR

LESS

ARTICULATED

IN

LIFE

LYING SCHOOL

SIDE

TIME
INCHES

PASSED
AT

AND IN
GREATLY

MY
WIION HIOGMAN

FRESHMAN SOPHOMORE HIGH

RATE TO

YEARS
FAST

GREW

ACCELERATED

FOOT

INCHES THUS

GROWER GREW INTO

GROWTH

STUDENT

AM
THE
TOTAL

THINK
PROGRESS

THE
IN

ONLY THE

ACTIVE FIELD

CIANIOFACIAL

GROWTH RESEARCHET

WHO SPANS

CRANIOMETRY

SKULL

CEPHALOMERRY
TRILOGY

HEAD

ROENRGENOGRAPHIC CEPHALORNERTY METHODOLOGIES

IS

TAY HEAD FILM

THIS

OF RESEATCH

BASIC

TO THE

KNOWLEDGE AND INTERPRETATION BOTH NORMAL

OF CIANIOFACIAL

AND CEPHALOFACIAL
ABNOI
TRIAL

GROTH
IN SIZE

AND DEVELOPMENT

NON CLEFT

AND

CLEFT
AND CHANGE IN AND THE
INTO

THE

INCREASE

PROPORTIONS
DIFFERENCES

THE

MARURANONAL

AGE

CHANGES THE SEX DIFFEICRICES HAVE BEEN COMBINED

BY

RACIAL

OF THE

HUMAN SKELETON
ANTHROPOLOGY

ME
IN IN

SUBSPECIALTY

FORENSIC
IS

MY

THE

HUMAN SKELETON

FORENSIC A4EDICINE THE

1962

ON THE SHELVES OF EVERY BONE DETECTIVE LAB OF BY

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

IN THE

WORLD
TO THE

AM KNOWN AS THE
SCIENTIFIC
STILL

1930S

WAS CONSULTANT

CRIME DETECTION

THE CLEVELEND POLICE ELIOT SAFCTY

DEPARTMENT AND

HAVE

MY

POLICE

CARD

SIGNED

NESS

OF TV UNTOUCHABLES LABMAN
WAS NEVER

FAME WHO WAS

ON THE FIRINGLINE

DITECROR

OF PUBLIC

AS

IN

1975

WILTON KROGMAN WITH MAZAHERI HARDING

CANTER AND ROSS STATED

ISHIGURO

BANANA MEIER
IT

HAS BEEN OUR FEELING OFFERING

HERE AT LANCASTER THAT CONSERATIVE

SURGERY PROPERLY

TIMED AND
RESULT IN

MINIMUM

OF MUCOPERIOSTEAL
MAXILLO
FACIAL

INVOLVEMENT

SHOULD NOR

DEVIANT

ANDOR

DYSPLASTIC

GROWTH

378

AFTER

24

STAGGERING

PAGES

FILLED

WITH

NUMERICAL

TABLES

AND

CHARTS ON

GROWTH MEASUREMENTS
OF OUR TWO
IS

THEY

CONCLUDED SIMPLY

ON

THE

BASIS

SERIAL

SAMPLES

CP

AND UNILATERAL

CLP

WE HAVE

OBSERVED

THAT THERE IN

GENERALPOST

OPERATIVE THAT

CATCH UP GROWTHIN

BOTH CLEFT TPES

MORE SO

JP

IT

IS

OUR CONCLUSION
OR DEVIATED

CONSEL7VATIVC

FACILITATED SURGCRY HAS SKELETAL DATA

RATHER THAN INHIBITED

GROWTH IN

BOTH THE MAXILLOFACIAL

COMPLEX
SENTED IN

AND THE
THIS

SOFT TISSUES

OF THE LABIOFACIAL
HAS

COMPLEX

IN

THE

PRE

STUDY

OUR HYPOTHESIS

BEEN SUSTAINED

IF

WE SWING

FROM THE CONSERVATIVE SUSSEX

UNIT THE

IN

LANCASTER PENNSYL
IS

VANIA

TO ONE IN

ENGLAND

REPORT

SIMILAR

GLASS
ORTHODONTIST DENIS
AS

GLASS

REPORTED

IN

1970

WITH

MCLAUGHLIN

THE

SURGEON
NO PRIMARY BONC GRAFTS ARE CARRIED OUT AS THE
THAT THE THE BENEFITS
IF

AT THE EAST GRINSTEAD CENTRE

CLEFT LIP

AND PALATE
TO THE

REAM
SEVEIIRY

FEEL

ANY

ARE OUR OF

ALL

PROPORTION

NF

SURGICAL

PIOCEDURE INVOLVED

SO

AT

EAST

GRINSTEAD
CONSERXATLVE
IN

THE

MERRY

OL
LIP

STANDARD

APPROACHES ARE OF THE

USED WITH
PRERNAXILLA THE PALATE

VOMERINE AND

RESECTION

FOR SETBACK
AT

SEN CRC PROTRUSION AT

CLOSURE ONLY

MONTHS AND
THEN
IS

CLOSURE

18
AT

MONTHS THE
YEARS

TREATMENT
ARCH

SPEECH

THERAPY

UNTIL

WHEN

THE ANTERIOR

COLLAPSE

AND PREMAXILLARY
TO

PROTRUSION

RECEIVES

DENTAL
IN

ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT
THREE TO FOUR

REALIGN RAPID

THE

SEGMENTS OF THE MAXILLA

IS

MONTHS
APPLIANCE

THIS
OF

EXPANSION

ACCOMPLISHED

WITH

CC

SPRING

TWO ACRYLIC
AND
CAP

SEGMENTS ANCHORED TO THE

SPLINTS
IT
IS

LATERAL

TEETH WITH

ADAM
THE THE

CRIB

DESIGNED

FOR ANTERIOR
STEEL
IS

AND

NOT

POSTERIOR

EXPANSION DOUBLE

BY

HEAVY

STAINLESS

WIRE BENT INTO

FORM OF

NO

BONE

GRAFTING

USED

PRUZANSKY APPROACH
PARTIALLY SCARE DIS

DEFENDS

THE

STANDARD

COUNTING THE GRABER SLAUGHTER BRODIE AND SUBRELNY

OF YEARS BEFORE

SAM

PRUZANSKY

BALKED

AT

DELAYING

PALATE

379

SURGERY

PENDING

COMPLETION

OF

MAJOR

PORTION

OF MAXILLARY

GROWTH HE STATED
IT

HAS

BECOME

INCREASINGLY

CLEAR THAT

THE

DAMAGE

TO

MAXILLARY

GROWTH NO

LAMENTED LONGER
PATIENTS
IN

DECADE VOGUE
IN

AGO WAS LARGELY THE BYPRODUCT OF SURGICAL

THE LARGER CENTERS THE MAXILLARY

PRACTICES

THE

PRESENT

GENERATION

OF TREATED BY

DOES NOT PRESENT

DEFORMITY

THAT

WAS UNTREATABLE

CONVENTIONAL ORTHODONTIC MEANS

HE

FAVORED EARLY PALATE

LIP

CLOSURE WITH MAXILLARY

MOLDING AND STANDARD

TO CORRECT
AT THE

ATRAUMATIC

CLOSURE

WITH

ORTHODONTIA AVAILABLE

ANY DISCREPANCIES 1969

IN THE ADULT

DENTITION

HE

LATER ELABORATED

SECOND INTERNATIONAL AND PALATE HELD

HIS IN

SYMPOSIUM
HIS

ON EARLY

TREATMENT

OF

CLEFT LIP CONTROLLED

HOMETOWNOF CHICAGO HAVING

EMOTIONS

THROUGH THE AFTERNOON OF THE SECOND DAY

THAT THE PROCEEDINGS

HE

FINALLY

ROSE MENTIONED
IN

OF THE

FIRST

SYM
OF

POSIUM
TIONED THE

ZURICH
THIS

HAD RECORDED

TOWER OF BABEL
WAS NOT

AND QUES

WHETHER

SECOND SYMPOSIUM PRUZANSKY

IS

REPETITION

FIRST

HE
IS

THEN DROPPED
THAT

COCKTAIL
ORTHOPEDICS

ONE

FACT

INESCAPABALE GRAFTING

WHETHER YOU USE MAXILLARY

ANDOR BONE
FAIL

OR WHETHER

OU DO NOT SOME CASES SUCCEED AND SOME PERCENTAGES EVERYONE KNOWS THAT YOU DO
THE MECHANISMS THC AGC AT HICH FOR SUCCESS AND FAILURE
01

NEVER MIND THE

NOT ACHIEXE
IS
IT

100

SUCCESS OF SURGEL

WHAT ARE
IS
IT

IN

THC KIND

IN

IATC

WHERE

IS

THE

DIFFCIENCE

PRU7ANSV
LET

CONCLUDED

ME

SUMMARIZE
PIACRICE

BY STARING THAT

SURVEY

OF

OUR CASES INDICATED

VARIABLES OR

THAT IN THE VITHIN

PRESENT THE

OF PLASTIC SURGERY THE

FOLLOWING

INHERENT

PATIENT

DICTATE

WHETHER THE

ARCH WILL

COLLAPSE

NOT

SIZE SIZE

AND SHAPE OF THE ALVEOLAR PROCESSES ADJACENT OF THE

PALATAL PROCESSES

TO THE

CLEFT

GEOMETRIC
SIZE SIZE

RELATIONSHIP

OF THE PALATAL PROCESSES

NASAL

AND SLANT OF THE AND SHAPE OF THE

SEPTUM
TURBINATE

INFERIOR

ON THE SIDE OF THE

CLEFT

HOWARD ADUSS
GUARD
175
IN

ORTHODONTIST FOOTBALL
AT

OF CHICAGO ONCE PLAYED RUNNING

BIG

TEN
LATER

PURDUE
BY

UNIVERSITY

WEIGHING

ONLY

POUNDS
HIS

HE WAS TRAINED

SAM
TO

PRUZANSKY
CLOSELY

AND AGAIN WITH

HIOIA

YIJ

PROVED

TOUGHNESS BY CONRIN UING

WORK

HIM

3CAJ

QR

WHILE

MAINTAINING

HIS

OWN IDENTITY

IN

1964
CLEFT

AND AGAIN
PALATE PALATE

IN

1967

AND 1968

HE COAUTHORED PAPERS ON THE

WITH PRUZAN

SKY AND TWICE

AT

WAS SENIOR AUTHOR AT

IN

THE CLEFT

SYMPOSIUM

DUKE

UNIVERSITY

1973

ADUSS POINTED

OUT

INITIAL

STATE

AMONG
ECLUDING

UNOPEIATED
THOSE

INFANTS

WITH

COMPLETE UNILATERAL

CLEFT

LIP

AND PALATE
VARIATION IN

WITH

SIMONARTS

BANDS

THERE

IS

CONSIDERABLE

PRESURGICAL

MORPHOLOGY
STUDIES

AND THE SPATIAL

DENTAL

INTERRELATION

OF THE

CLEFT

SEGMENTS

LONGITUDINAL

UTILIZING

CASTS

AND CEPHALOMETRIC RADIOGRAPHS

THE EFFECT OF LIP REPAIR

HAC

DEMONSTRATED THAT THESC DIFFERENCES OFTEN PREDICT

SHAPE
SIZE

ON THE

OR FORM

OF THE

ARCH

AS

FOLLOWS
PROCESS ADJOINING THE
CLEFT
IS

THE
DETEIMINED

AND

SHAPE

OF THE

ALVEOLAR

BY THE NUMBER OF DEVELOPING TEETH AT THE MARGINS OF THE DEFECT

OF WELLFOIMED OR

THE

PRESENCE

EVEN BULBOUS
THE

ALVEOLAR

BORDERS

ACTS AS

BUTTRESS

TO PREVENT
SIZE

COLLAPSE OF

SEGMENTS
TURBINARE

THE
DEREIMINES RURBINARE DEVIATED SECITIENTS

AND SHAPE OF THE INFERIOR

ON THE SIDE OF THE

THAT

CLEFT

ALSO THE THE

THE

AMOUNT
CLEFT

OF MEDIAL SIDE
FILLS

MOVEMENT
NASAL ALSO

MAY OCCUT VHERE

CONTACT

ON THE SEPTUM

THE

CHAMBER
PREVENT

BCTWEEN

AND

TURBINATE

MAY

APPROXIMATION

OF THE

THE
WITH
ITS

SIZE

INCLINATION

AND

DEGREE

OF DEVIATION

OF THE MEDIAL

EPRUM COUPLED
MOVEMENT
ORHEI

RELATIOIMHIP
SIZE

TO THE

RURBINARE

MAX

LIMIT

THE

AND PARIAL
BY

ICLAUION

OF THE IDALATAL TO BE

SHELVES HIGHLX

TO EACH AIIABLE

HAVE
THE

BEEN SHOXX

STEREOPHOTOGI

AITILTIETI
TALLX

VHEN

SHELVES ARC DISPLACED

ITIETLIAL

HORIZON
ILL

TOWAID EACH OTHER THE TENDENCY

INHIBITED

UO ARD
MORE

MOVEMENT
ANGLE

BE

MORE

THAN

IF

THE

SHELS ES AIE

AT

ACUTE

SUBSEQUENT

STATE
LIP

REPAIR
INTERACT

OF THE
AS

ALLOWS

THE

PREVIOUSLY

DEFINED

MORPHOLOGIC

VARIABLES

TO

DETCRLTIINANTS OF NINET THREE

OF ARCH
AT

FORM
THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS HAS

REVIEW
AFTER LIP

INFANTS

SHOWN

THAT

REPAIR

OF ARCH

FOIM OF
OR

WERE DISCERNABLE
SEGNICILTS
AIID

SYMMETRICAL
BUTT JOINT RRCH
AT

355
ALVEOLAR

WITH

APPROXIMATION OVERLAP

RH

THE

BORDER AND

APPARENTLY

COLLAPSED

FORM
AT

433
ALVEOLAR

SYMMETRICAL

ARCH

FORM BUT WITHOUT

CONTACT

THE

BORDER

211
SIMILARITY

ADUSS

LTI
381

NOTED THE OF
ILLINOIS

OF THE

EROSSBIRE

RE
IN

AT

THE

AND

THAT

REPORTED

BEIGLAND

OSLO

NEITHER

HAD USED PRESURGICAL

ORTHOPEDICS

OR
LIP

BONE

GRAFTING

BUT
ALSO

HAD

RELIED

UPON

STANDARD
LESS

CLOSURE CROSSBITE

OF THE
LESS

AND PALATE
IN

HE

NOTED THAT THERE WAS THAN

IN THOSE

COLLAPSE

THESE GROUPS

USING

PRESURGICAL

ORTHOPEDICS

AND

PRIMARY

BONE

GRAFTING

382